The
Hood Eiver
(jlacier.
It's a Cold Day When We Cet Left.
VOL.5. HOOD RIVER, OREGON, SATUKD AY. MARCH 3V 1894, NO. 40.
" : : ' T 1 w , " i 7 - . I ' "T. ! ' . A SELF MADE MAN.
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LATE NEWS.
Provo is scheming to become the cap
ital of. Utah. . .
The Phoenix (A.. T.) opera house has
been condemned aa unsafe.
, Sacramento proposes to make its sew
erage system more perfect at a cost of
$11)0,000,
A crowd of unemployed marched
through the streets of Salt Lake, Utah,
recently, demanding work.
Large deposits of good coal, it is re
ported at Yuma, have been discovered
Within eight miles of the Gulf coast.
The Virginia and Truckee Railroad
Company has offered a reward of $500
for the "apprehension of the man who
recently robbed the express car on the
road.
A party of Eastern capitalists is pre
paring to put in extensive manufactur
ing plants at Shoshone Falls, Idaho, and
also to build an electric railroad from
Shoshone to that place.
The mammoth Collins gold properties,
about sixty-live miles from Tucson, A.
T., form the largest and richest group of
mines in the Southwest. They are to be
extensively developed at once.
Mr. Huntington has decided to go
ahead with the work of. making Santa
Monica : a thoroughly protected harbor,
whether the government assists him or
not, and will expend $1,60Q,000 to that
end. . ' '
- Mrs. Sisto Wesley went to the grave
yard on the Upper Gila, a lonely spot in
a. thinly populated section in New Mex
ico, where her child was buried, when
she was set upon by two bears and com
pletely devoured. "' '
There is considerable feeling at San
Diego over the imprisonment at Ensen
yada, Lower California, of a citizen of
San Diego named Pullman. He has
been held for tome time, and the Mexi
can government has paid no attention to
the case, although it has been placed be
fore it. The Washington government
has now demanded Pullman's release on
bail or an explanation why he should
not be so dealt with. . ,
Mayor Carlson of San Diego has re
moved from office the entire Board of
Public Works, and has called a special
session of the Council to pass on the
new board, which the Mayor will pre
sent to the session. The trouble is all
about a street me ooaru is gruuuix
through Kose Canyon, several miles,
north of the city, work on which the
Mayor ordered discontinued, but no at
tention was paid to his order. .
- Near Bennington in Bear Lake coun
ty, Idaho, recently a man named Booth
was caught in a snowslide, carried about
thirty yards and completely buried. His
comrades, who were close by, concluded
that thev knew about where he landed,
and going there, by placing their ears lo
tlm tiiiiiw I'nnld hear him groan. Thev
set to work with shovels and soon dug
liim out. He was black in the face and
nearly dead, but was soon revived.
Another evening paper of Democratic
tendencies is to bts established in Port
Townsend. M. b Satterlee of Quilcene
has arranged to bring in his plant, the
Quilcene Queen, and with a new press
will begin the publication of an after
noon paper. It is understood that Dem
ocratic aid to the Leader will now cease.
V. A. Wilcox, brother-in-law of Special
Deputy Collector Bowen, will be city
editor. The first issue will be about
March 1.
The promoters of the railroad from
Astoria to Goble are exhibiting great ac
tivity at present, and consider , their
chances of securing a road better than
ever before. It is claimed that stoqk on
this line has been subscribed in New
York to the amount of $1,250,000, and
that $300,000 in cash is actuallyin hand
to begin work with. Patience and per
sevei ence are bound to win, and the peo
ple of Astoria have exhibited so much
of- these virtues that they deserve to
make the riffle this time.
A suit is now in progress in the Supe
rior Court of Pacific county, Wash., in
which H. S. Gile of Portland is com
plainant. He alleges that a number of
persons are in illegal possession of cer
tain land on Chinook Beach'claimed by
him. Mr. Gile surveyed a claim in that
portion of Pacitie county in the. year
1853, but since then there has been a
gradual but steady recession of waters
so that there are now in the neighbor
hood of 640 acres of accretion. Mr. Gile
claims everything in sight out in the
channel. The suU is the outgrowth of a
refusal on the part of the squatters to
pay a rental to the claimant. The suit
was first instituted in the Superior Court
of Pacific county some months ago, but
was dismissed on account of some tech
nical error in drawing the complaint.
Barber Shop
THE MIDWINTER EXPOSITION.
The attendance at the Midwinter Ex
position continues to average between
8,000 and 10,000 per day, and everybody
is correspondingly encouraged in the
belief that this fair will realize the most
sanguine expectation in regard to its
financial success. In proportion to the
amount of money invested, the attend
ance thus far has greatly surpassed that
accorded the Columbian Exposition dur
ing the first month of its existence, and
at the same ratio of increase which was
noticeable at Chicago, there will be an
attendance at the Midwinter Exposition
before its close which will surpaps the
fondest dreams of its most enthusiastic
boomers. ;
The number of Eastern -visitors to the
Exposition is increasing day by day, and
It is with a sigh of great relief that they
come out of the snows and . blizzards of
of the East and the middle West, over
the mountains into the midwinter splen
dor of the Pacifio Coa3t. It has been
what is called a "hard winter" in Cali
fornia, but that means only that it has
rained a little more than usual, and that
the warm midwinter days have not been
bo continuous as is generally the rule.
But even this weather has been so wel
come to people who are used to being
snowbound in February that they call
it "Paradise" in comparison, and they
really revel in their experience.
One enthusiastic traveler came Into
the office of the Department of Publicity
and Promotion the other day and told
the following story: "I could hardly
get to the railway station in my town
for the 6now drifts. The street cars
were not running, ahd the horses of a
hack on wheels could scarcely plunge
along fast enough for me to make my
train. Once on bpard the train I read
in a daily paper, for this was Jan. 28,
that the California Midwinter Exposi
tion had been formally opened on the
preceding day with thousands of people
seated on a grand stand in the open air
with heads uncovered under a broiling
sun, and with the green foliage of a
beautiful park forming a background to
the scene. At different places along the
railway where we stopped for a few
moments, I noticed bulletins of 'Mid
winter Exposition Weather,' and the
thought struck me that this was about
the most striking piece of advertising
that could be done in Connection with,
California's exposition. When one
stands in an atmosphere in the neigh
borhood of zero, and reads that the
thermometer registers 75 degrees in San
FranciscorWf-winrres to be there, and
aa for myse'f I was ghvd to feel that I
was on my way. At Chicago I was de
layed several hours waiting for it to be
come possibly for trains to start on west
ward, and wo dragged along across the
plains, but when we began to descend
the slopes of the Sierras we left the
anows behind us and found the green
fields at our feet, for we were, indeed,
In the land of (sunshine, fruit and flow
ers, and I intend to stay here just as
long as I feel I can afford to.
This has iieen the experience of many
westbound travelers during the present
..aidwinter season, and everv effort is
being made on the part of the Exposi
tion management to impress the Eastern
visitors with the fact that, aside from
the climatio advantages, it is good for
them to be here. During the past week
there has been a succession of interest
ing things at the fair. First came the
unveiling of the Harriet ' Hosmer statue
of Isabella, in which a host of ladies
well known in social and literary circles
on the Pacific Coast took an interesting
part, and in which the Palace of Art
was dedicated. The formal openinsr of
the Vienna Prater introduced to San 1
Francisco the Lnperial Vienna orches
tra, one of the unest musical organiza
tions of the world. - . v -
A series of days which are to be cele
brated under the auRpices of the differ
ent fraternal organizations was inaug
urated on Feb. 12 by the Independent
Order of Good Templars. On this oc
casion Festival Hall was first brought
into service, and a large audience as
sembled there to witness the exercises
of the annual convention and anniver
sary of the organization of that body.
A pleasing feature of the day was the
parade through the grounds of the or
phans from the Good Templars' Home
for Orphans, and whose enjoyment of
the concessional features to which they
were made welcome was accepted as the
forerunner of many similarly joyful oc
casions in the near feature. There is to
be a general "Orphans' Day" before
long, when every child from the chart
table institutions in San Francisco and
vicinity, will be given the run of the Ex
position. There is also to be .a public
school childrens' day, for which the
people of San Francisco are now making
great preparations, and such a day the
school children of San Francisco have
never seen before. This school children's
day has been set for Feb. 23, and com
ing as it does between the national holi
day and Saturday it is a school holiday
of itself i but. il will be made in this con
nection an Exposition holiday in which
every person connected with the man
agement or with the Exposition in any
way will vie with every other amuse
ment maker to add to the children's
pleasure.
The Transmississippi Congress has
been in session in San Francisco during
the present week, and on Wednesday
evening its delegates were made the
guests of the Exposition. There was a
grand display of fireworks and a gen
eral illumination of the buildings. Even
the electric tower was illuminated,
though this, great structure is oat twit?
at the fireworks and on the grand cen
tral court as well. The arrangements
for Washington's birthday include more
nreworKS, more illuminations, tne open
ing of the electric tower and the in
auguration of the electric prismatic
fountain.
THE NATIONAL CAPITAL.
The Senate Committee on Indian Af
fairs has ordered a favorable report on
the bill providing for the sale of the un
sold portion of the Umatilla land reser
vation in Oregon.
John Barrett, Minister to Siam, was
more promptly-confirmed than any ap
pointee in the diplomatic service. He
will pass two weeks at Portland on Jus
way to isangkok. : ? ,
Hermann has been assured by the
House Committee on War Claims that
his bill for $500,000 for -Oregon and
Washington Indian war claims will be
made a part of the omnibus bill carry
ing 12,000,000. The Chairman of the
committee says this bill, like the river
and harbor appropriation, will go
tnrougn, lor every member has some
thing in it. , 1 '.
Pence ot Colorado has offered in the
House a bill providing for woman suf
frage. The bill differs somewhat from
others presented on the same subject
heretofore, as it does not propose to
amend the constitution, but simply to
give women over 21 the right to register
and vote at all elections for members of
Congress, and provides that the right
shall not be denied or abridged by the
United btates or any btate.
The Secretary of the Interior has is
sued instructions to the Commissioner
of the General Land Office concurring
in the latter's recommendation that a
resurvey of the Las Vegas grant in New
Mexico be rejected. He has directed the
final complete survey of the grant be
made in accordance with the recent de
partmental decision as snecdilv as mav
be, so the long-delayed matter may be
Closed.
The Senate Committee on Pacific Rail
ways continued the hearing in the in
terest of the Union Pacific bondholders.
Boissevain and his attorneys explained
the proposition for an extension of time
for the payment of the government in
debtedness, and answered many ques
tions put by members of the committee.
At the conclusion of the meeting a mem
ber of the committee stated satisfactory
progress had been made, but the imp3r
tance of the question was such that some
time must necessarily elapse before an
understanding could be reached.
The entire Pacific Coast delegation, in
cluding, of course, Hermann and Ellis
of Oregon, Wilson and Doolittleof Wath
ington, as well aa the California delega
lion, will make an effort to have the
amount for Chinese exclusion enforce
ment increased. The Committee on Ap
propriations has provided in the sundry
civil bill only $50,000 for this purpose.
It may not be raised in the House, but
the Pacific Coast Senators will force a
raise in the Senate. Senator Dolph has
already a proposition making it $500,000,
and will no doubt secure a part of that
sum.
Returns received at the Treasury De
partment indicate the gold output for
1893 in the United States will reach al
most the unprecedented amount of $37,
000,000, an increase over 1892 of $4,000,
000. In Colorado the output has increased
from $3,000,000 in 1892 to $5,000,000 in
1893. While the gains in all gold-pro
ducing countries are unusually large, the
Australian production will carry- the
production of the world, it is .thought,
to $150,000,000, which is an increase of
$12,000,000 for the year. With one or
two exceptions this is the largest output
ever known.
Representatives Hermann and Wilson.
have engineered a scheme by which they.
win secure quite a good-sized appropria
tion for the survey of public lands. They
went to the Chairman of the committee.
and agreed not to light the surveying
appropriation if he would allow them a
lair appropriation in the bill when it
was reported. A chairman of a commit
tee does not like to have his bill amend
ed or increased, and he preferred to com-!
promise with the Vvestern men, who
have heretofore been successful in get
ting the appropriations for this particu
lar matter increased. The Chairman i
offered Hermann and Wilson $150,000,
and afterwards increased it to $175,000,
but they would agree to nothing less
than $200,000, which the Chairman of
the committee finally accepted in con
sideration of the understanding that this
particular feature of the bill should not
be attacked by these Western men on
the floor of the House. " It is possible
that the appropriation will be increased
in the Senate, but the sum agreed upon
and reported is as large as was obtained
last year alter a very hard hght in both
House and Senate.
The original copy of the Declaration
of Independence was withdrawn from
public exhibition in the btate Depart
ment library, made into aroll and placed
in a tin box for filing with the archives
of the government. The rapid fading of
the text ot tne Declaration and the de
terioration of the parchment on which
it ie engrossed from exposure to the light
and account of age rendered it impracti
cable for the department to allow it to
be exhibited or handled longer. In lieu
of the original document a fac-simile
will be placed on exhibition. Some years
ago it was noticed that the ink on the
original parchment was fading, and it
has been growing fainter. Recently
chemists were called on to examine it,
and they pave the opinion that the full
strength of the ink could be brought out
again by coating it with a chemical solu
tion. But this experiment was not tried,
owing to the fear that the precious pa
per might be injured in some way, and
also because no alteration of anything
whatever could be done to it without the
authorityof an act of Congress. It re
quired an act of Congress to bring the
Declaration from Philadelphia to Wash
ington.
EASTERN PARAGRAPHS.
The government of Chicago cost near
ly $10,000,000 last year. ,
All the leading papers in Chicago are
now members ot the Associated rress,
; St. Louis will again allow married
women to teach in her public schools.
" Ex-Governor Campbell of Ohio pro
poses to try for the Governorship next
year.
The new gas company has been given
the right to supply the people ot Uhi
cagOi , .-
Inmates of the State prison at Provi
dence, R. I., are making boots for the
Brazilian soldiers.
Boston has succeeded in getting more
than 80 per cent of its telephone wires
placed under ground. ; . . , , .
tt is proposed in Kansas City to issue
$200,000 in bonds and with the proceeds
erect a public-library building.
Chicago is now asking itself the ques
tion whether to reduce the salaries of
the police or school teachers first.
There is said to be a scheme afoot to
produce the Passibn Play at a summer
resort near JNew iorK thissummer.
The Louisiana lottery is seeking to set
up its rim; in Florida, but Governor
Mitchell will probably knock it out.
The " fickle " winter, weather in the
peach-growing section of Kentucky has
lelt little nope ot any crop ot the iruit.
The passenger-rate war will make it
possible at an early date for a $5 rate
trom the Missouri river to the racinc
Coast. ,
Three millions of greenbacks were
among the deposits made at the New
York Subtreasury by subscribers for
bonds. '..
The shortage of John W. Love, the
Watkins (N. Y.) bank cashier, is $110,-
000. It is believed Love has sailed for
foreign parts.
New York city will at once expend
$220,000 on park improvements to pro
vide work for the unemployed and $250,
000 soon afterward.
Two aluminium boats are being con
structed at Baltimore for an Arctic ex
pedition, which is to start northward
early this coming spring.
Dr. Senner, the Commissioner of Im
migration, says that the immigration to
New York in January has been lower
than for any month since 1847. ;
The city of Philadelphia expended
$150,000 for election booths, and the
most of them were wrecked after three
elections had been held in them.
Shall habitual inebriates try the Kee-
ley cure at the expense of the State?
That is the novel proposition of some
petitioners in Cayuga county, N. Y,
The Common Council of Emporia,
Kan., passed a bill placing a tax of $500
a year on dealers in cigarettes, and the
Mayor, a tobacconist, vetoed the bin.
John W. Mackay has the practical ad
ministration of the affairs of the Com
mercial Cable Company, which early in
the spring will lay two more cables . to
Europe.
Eleven of the twelve thirteen-inch
guns to bemadeliave now been jacketed,
and are gradually nearing completion.
They are for the ships Indiana, Massa
chusetts and Oregon.
Aa a step toward "saving the country"
the citizens of Westerville, Columbus
county, O., suggest biennial sessions of
Congress, and offer to subscribe "$25
apiece to tide over the present financial
distress.
An article in the New York Herald as
serts that there are strong reasons for
thinking that the Pennsylvania Railroad
Company is interested in the proposed
trolley line between New York and Phil
adelphia. A recent reception at the White House
demonstrated that the house is much too
small to hold the crowds that attend
every reception given in it. The coun
try has outgrown the (Jniel Jixecutive's
place of residence. '
Common Pleas Judge Andrews at Kan
sas City naturalized a Chinaman, and
Uaptain iiogarty, Treasury inspector,
threatened to proceed against him if the
papers were not recalled, as they were
issued in violation of the law. The
Judge recalled them.
George W. Childs two days before he
was taken ill received letters from Canon
Farrar and the daughter of Charles
Dickens, in which both thanked the
Philadelphian for checks for $100 each
which they had received from him to be
used among the poor. ; . ; t .
The Trustees of St. Patrick's Cathe
dral at New York have prepared, and in
a few days will present to Joseph A.
Donohoe, the millionaire banker of San
Francisco, a unique and magnificently
Illuminated album, containing resolu
tions of thanks for the $12,000 altar re
cently presented by Mr. Donohoe to the
cathedral. ' .
The receiver of the Northern Pacific
and the employes have reached an agree
ment. The demand of the trainmen to
be paid for overtime caused by wrecks
was conceded. It was agreed that the
standard run should be 100 miles and
the time allowed to make it ton hours.
Shorter runs should be paid in propor
tion to the number of miles.
Great excitement has been caused at
Lincoln, 111., by the discovery of an un
successful plot to blow up the jail of Lo
gan county, located at Lincoln, for the
purpose of liberating a notorious local
criminal under sentence of six years at
Joliet prison. The parties implicated in
the plot are Arthur Goodpasture, Ida
Shells and Georgia Williams. . ; .
A scheme has been mooted by the Ni
agara Falls Park and River railroad to
construct a bridge from the Canadian
side of the Niagara river to Navy Island
and thence to the United States shore.
The new bridge is to be of steel and to
rest on two rock ledges midwav between
the top of the banks and the water's
edge. It will be 600 feet long, and it is
estimated to cost $200,000. The work
will begin in the spring.
FOREIGN FLASHES.
A $40,000,000 ship canal across Ireland
is mooted.
It is said that there are 30,000 Budd
hists in Paris.
Cholera is reported at Constantinople,
chiefly in the barracks.
: A congress of doctors from all over the
world will be held in Rome next month.
William Astor Chanler, the American
explorer, is at Mombasa in good health.
It has been definitely settled that Eng
land is to buy the trunk-line telephones.
Paris has borrowed $-40,000,000 for the
preliminary expenditures of the World's
fair of 1900.
Kossulh is reported to have become
totally blind as a result of his recent at
tack of influenza.. ,". " -
Beloochistan is now British. England
holds most of the mountain country on
the Indian frontier.
The report that the British Parliament
would be dissolved in thirty days is pos
itively denied at London.
An international mining and metal
lurgical exhibition will be held at San
tiago, Chili, this September.
There have been immense imports of
wheat into France recently in view of
the increase in import duties.
The weather in Australia during the
present antipodean summer has been
unusually hot and oppressive.
The imports of hay into Great Britain
from the United States were 101.132 tons
in 1893 against 11,588 tons, in 1892.
Empress Frederick of Germany has
arrived at the Isle of Wight for a long
visit to her mother, Queen Victoria.
It is stated that M. Clemenceau be
cause of his attacks on the administra
tion of the French navv is to bo prose
cuted. ' .
The statement that the Princess of
Wales has retired from society in conse
quence of mental troubles is vigorously
denied.
Russian journals comment very bit
terly on the French policy of increasing
the duty on wheat, which is preiudicial
to the Russian grain trade. , .
Milan, Italy, will hold a national ex
hibition of wines and olive oils this year.
the exposition wilt be opened in May
and remain open until October.
The Russian railroads, owned bv the
government, in 1889 and 1890 paid the
interest on their cost and the btate debt.
and paid up a surplus of $35,000,000.
The Russian orthodox missionaries
have so failed in their proselytizing ef
lorts among the Khirgese that the inis-
sions will probably be shortly withdrawn.
White horses are to be barred from
military service in Germany. The Em
peror has ordered that no more be pur
chased for the army, and those now in
use are to be sold. -
Poor health may compel Mr; McDon
ald, United States Minister to Persia, to
resign, and the American missionaries
will ask the reappointment of ex-Minister
Trux ton Beale.
Australian refrigerated meat has been
put on the Vienna market, where it can
compete in price with the domestic prod
uct, although Austria-Hungary is a large
meat-producing country. ,
Paris has gone daft over things Rus
sian; the latest manifestation of the
craze is the gift by a French woman to
the women's hospitals of St. Petersburg
of 3,000 smelling bottles.
It is said to be of common occurrence
in London for proprietors of public
houses to hold life-insurance policies on
inebriates, so as to protect themselves
against the loss of patrons.
The London Daily News declares that
the discharge in bankruptcy granted
Michael Davitt by the Appeal Court in
Dublin will not remove his disqualifica
tion for a Parliamentary seat.
The commanders of the Brazilian war
vessels Tii-adentes, Santos and Bahia,
suspected of disloyalty, have been de
prived of their command:?, and others
have been appointed in their places. :
Russia pays no salary to the Czar, but.
as he has about 1,000,000 square miles of
farms, mines and other property, with
an income of $1 ,000,000 a nioi.:h, he wor
ries along uncomplainingly. , ,
Returns of the Manchester ship canal
for a recent week show that twentv-
nine vessels were berthed at Manchester
and Salford docks. They carried about
17,000 tons of merchandise. There were
also many passenger trips. Tne locks,
sluices and other machinery worked
well."
Egypt is about to submit to the Euro
pean powers the project of forming a
reservoir for storing the water of the
Nile and during the season when tbe
river is at its lowest utilizing the water
for irrigation, thus adding enormously
to the wealth of the land by extending
its cultivable area.
The other day at Saratoff, Russia, a
peasant woman walking near the village
was surrounded and devoured by a pack
of nine wolves. , Another peasant going
to market was set upon bv a pack of
wolves and torn to shreds. Nothing was
left of the man and his horse but a few
bones and tufts of hair.
M. Pousset, founder of the famous
brasseries in Paris, died some weeks ago,
leaving a large fortune, amassed through
the success of the beer halls. He be
queathed over $200,000 to be divided
among twelve old customers of his first
establishment, whose potations started
him on the highway to prosperity.
Reports from the far East are to the
effect that the silver crisis is becoming
more and more acute. There is a scar
city of currency in Shanghai, Hongkong
and Singapore, and a committee of the
Hongkong Chamber of Commerce re
cently passed a unanimous resolution in
favor of the coinage of British dollars
either in India or England. The Times
correspondent avers that tbe leading
Chinese favor a British dollar.
Bow John P. Bopklns Advanced From
Lumber Sliover to Mayor of Chicago.
John P. Hopkins is the youngest man
ever elected mayor of Chicago. He is a na
tive of New York and was born in Buffalo,
Oct. 29, 1858, and received his education in
the public schools of that city. His father
was a poor man and had a large family, so
John was obliged to quit school early and
go to work. His first job was in an iron
foundry, heating rivets, and ho kept it till
he got a better one at Evans' elevators. He
went to Chicago in 1870, after the death of
his father, and his first employment there
was shoving lumber in the Pullman com
pany's yards. , -
His advancement was rapid, and in three
years he was paymaster of the company, a
position he held until 1888, when he organ
ized the Arcade Trading company, a gen
eral merchandising concern, which did busj-.
nesa in Pullman for a year and then changed
its name to the Secord-Hopkins company
and moved to Kensington, where it haw
since continued to do business.
During all this time Mr. Hopkins had
taken considerable interest in local politics.
In 1885, while paymaster of the Pul ran
company, he was also treasurer of the town
of Hyde Park, which had not then been au-
JOHN P. HOPKINS,
uexed to Chicago, and for five years be was
treasurer of the school board of Hyde Park
and Calumet. In 1889. wnen tbe annexa
tion fever was epidemic. Mi. Hopkins was
chairman of thb annexation committee and
the success of the movement was largely
at'-ributed to his endeavors.
Since that time be has been influential in
Democratic councils. He was a delegate to
the last Democratic national convention
and chairman of the Chicago campaign
committee during the canvass. He has been
president of the Cook County Democracy
for several years and is a member of the
Iroquois club,' the "silk stocking" Demo
cratic organization. Last July Comptroller
Eckelsappointedhim receiver of the Chemi
cal National bank. Mr. Hopkins is a well
to do man. His money is all Invested in his
business, where it has been made.. The
only real estate he owns is the lot In Ken
sington on which his store stands. v
Railroad Growth In Forty Tears.
Forty years ago, in 1852, the railway
mileage of the United States was 12,908.
Kansas and Nebraska alone have 14,131!
miles of railroad at this time. In the
spring of 1851 the Erie railroad was com
pleted from New York to Lake Erie and in
1852 the Michigan Central was completed
from Lake Erie to Chicago. In 1853 the
lrst continuous line of 1,000 miles of rail
way was formed between Boston and Chi
cago. In 1858 the Pittsburg and Fort
Wuyne railroad opened its important line
from Pittsburg to Chicago, completing the
second great trunk line from New York to
Chicago. . . . , :
In the states west of Ohio no railroad of
importance- was constructed previous to
1849. The first line running east and west
through Indiana was opened in 1K53; the
next line, the Ohio and Mississippi, in
1857. The first railroad in Illinois was un
dertaken in 1839, but it was abandoned
after a few miles had been constructed, and
mule power supplanted the locomotive us
a measure' of economy. The first rail rood
to connect Lake Michigan with the Mis
sissippi river was the Chicago and Rock
Island, in February, 1854. The BurlingtOD
and Quincy railroad reached the Missis
sippi river in 1856, and the Milwaukee and
St. Paul in 1858; It was not until 1853
that the Hannibal and St. Joseph, the
pioneer railroad of the greater west, waa
completed to the Missouri river at St. Jo
seph. Six years later, in 1865, the Chicago
and Northwestern railroad, which had diH
tanced all competitors in the race toward
Omaha, was completed to Council Bluffs,
Edward Rosewater's Omaha Address. ' -
The fall is the time of the year when
the country demand for broken down
street car horses is the greatest. During
the cold weather the animals get used to
their rural surroundings, recuperate,
have only enough .exercise to keep. them
in condition, and by spring are able to
accomplish the heavier tasks of plowing
and harrowing. ;
A hundred and fifty years ago unmar
ried as well as married women were
styled "Mrs." Girls were called "Miss"
until they left school, when they took
rank as "Mrs.," while married women
were very generally addressed as "Mad
am."
Miss Jessie Ackermann, the second
round the world missionary and presi
dent of the Australian W. C. T. U., has
completed her trip. It occupied four
years, during which time ' she traversed
over 100,000 miles.
Since the conquest there have been 24
wars between England and France. In
the last war, between 1803 and 1815, it is
estimated the total destruction of hu
man life amounted to 1,200,000.
To believe one's self more cunning than
others is a mistake. The fox is more
conning than an ass, but there are mora
foxskins in a furrier's store than ass-aldaa.