i " ' " I a I I , in io ill 'im Hi null ii i in hi
1?$f5& .TOUtY GROWING. PM$,
I TO BECOME AN AMCBICVN INDUSTRY J
GUT til ion M1TCHLIL.
Tha general policy of the Depart
ment of Agriculture baa been to en
deavor to produce at home such plants
as are grown abroad and shipped into
the United States, This is Just as true
with regard to luxuries as to neces
sities, and especially apropos is its
reference to the Bermuda or Easter
Lily. For some years efforts haTe been
made to cultivate successfully the
Easter lily In the South-eastern States,
but it has been found that the climate
of that section is not as favorable for
the lily bulbs as it is In the Bermudas
and Japan.
Experiments have demonstrated that
bulbs of the Easter lily can be carried
over a season in cold storage, with a
result that they a. benefited very
materially as it subjects them to a
condition approaching that existing in
Japan, the native country of the spe
cies, where the bulbs are heavily cov
ered with snow during the resting
period. This discovery has opened
new possibilities in the cultivation of
the lily. Heretofore, bulbs have been
planted in some parts of the South
early in the fall, with the result that
they sprouted considerably before cool
weather set in. When severe weather,
such as the South grots at some periods
of the winter, does come, this growth
is killed and the plant niorv or less in
jured. During the period before com
ing Into bloom, the plants rendered
6ickly during the winter often suffer
severely from lack of moisture, result
ing In poorly developed bulbs.
On the Blue Bermuda islands.
Lily growing on the Bermuda Islands
is an exceedingly profitable industry.
Practically all the land available for
the production of bulbs is utilized for
this purpose, and while the rotation
of crops, together with the most ap-
rlants can be grown which are en
tirely free from disease, and most im
portant of all. that the seedlings give
an opportunity to select better types
than exist at the present time.
The very best of these seedlings
some of which will undoubtedly show
superiority in several ways over the
rarenta, can be retained for seeds, and
by keeping up the system of selection
there will develop in & very few years
strains from seed which will be proven
of great value.
George V. Oliver, the plant propa
gator of the Department of Agriculture
has been working on this particular
line for a number of years, with every
Indication of success. In some in
stances he has obtained blooming
plants In from 7 to 9 months from
germination of the seed, while in re
cent trials, as many as twelve mag
nificent blossoms have been cut from
a plant within fourteen months after
the plant has 6hown itself above
ground.
In order to further this class of
work, the Department of Agriculture
has obtained plots of land in California
and Oregon where it is believed the
Easter lily can be grown as profitably
if not more so. than it is in either Ber
muda or Japan.
A point greatly in favor of raising
the Easter lily from.seed, to constitute
the crop of marketable bulbs, is that
from one to two years time is saved in
the operation over the scale method.
The results of the work of the Depart
ment of Agriculture in obtaining
blooming plants in so short a time after
planting the seed would probably seem
like a fairy tale to the participants of
the lily conference held In London in
190L One of the papers read at that
time states that many species of Lit
Hum must have from ten to twelve
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SECBETARY WILSON AND A LILY CROWN AT TrtE DfcPAfiTME.NT.OF AGBICCITICE f BOM SttD.
proved methods of selection and cul
tivation, would undoubtedly be eventu
ally a good policy for the growers to
pursue, yet, except in the case of the
more progressive growers, there Is lit
tle likelihood of this being done, as it
would materially decrease the revenue
from lily farming for the time being.
This will readily be understood when
it is stated that an acre of lilies will
bring from $1,000 to $2,000. Some
growers on the islands who thoroughly
appreciate the importance of careful
methods are using small bulbs in
. preference to scales, and are selecting
ana fertilizing carefully, but they are
heavily handicapped by the many
small growers who cultivate their
crops according to old methods; and
in these case3 there is no selection
with a view to producing and perpetu
ating good types. Little manure is
used. The methods of propagation are
very faulty and they have not been
changed since the beginning of the In
dustry in the islands. For Instance,
in the growing of the bulbs for Amer
ican markets the smaller sizes are
planted in the fall and harvesi In
July, or before the bulbs have thorough
ly ripened. In the process of handling,
many of the immature scales drop
from the bulbs. These are not thrown
away, as they ought to be, but are
carefully saved and planted with a view
Co raising small bulbs. These bulbs
ultimately form a large part of the
general crop. j
As a result of all these conditions
the bulbs marketed by Bermuda have
become Impregnated with disease, so
that, at the present time it is almost
Impossible to secure a bulb or plant
which does not show some trace of ai
sease.
The American Method.
Investigations made by the Depart
ment of Agriculture have shown that
bv the use of seeds instead or scales,
i&rerer bulbs can be secured in a much
shorter time than can be produced by
the scale method. Moreover, it has
fca (demonstrated that In this W87
Orchard Soles,
Soon la the time when the apple bor
er will emerge from the trunk of the
tree in the shape of a fly and look
about for crevices In the tree trunk!
in which to deposit her eggs. A way
often recommended Is to take a hoe
and hill up each trot about dx Inches.
This will necessitate the laying of tbr
eggs on the trunk where they can be
easily gotten at and destroyed later.
May will be a pood, tluu to walk
rapidly through the orchard and rub
oS the new shoots, or water sprouts.
on toe trunks of the trees. It much
pruning has been done these will be
found in abundance. When soft and
green, as they are during this month,
they can be easily removed, pulled out
by the roots, as It were, whereas later
they will have to b cut off, causing
a liability to sprout again.
ffl r -
This Magnificent Bouquet s Crown from Seed
in Fourteen Months.
If any top grafting has been done
and the grafts have taken, all sprouts
below the grafts should be rubbed oft
clean, allowing the full vigor to go
into the graft
For the best results fruit and other
trees should be cultivated early and
often during the spring and early sum
mer, as that is the time when most
growth is made. When the fruit is
small there Is plenty of sap for vigor
ous wood growth, but after the fruit
approaches maturity the wood growth
decreases.
Cariag for Transplanted Trees,
It is well the first year a large tree
is transplanted to put a tile at Its
base or a square box five or six Inches
in diameter, in an upright position,
and stimulate the tree by pouring
down soap suds or other water. This
furnishes sub-irrigation and allows but
little of the water to evaporate.
Trees should also be dug around
from time to time if rapid growth is
desired. A tree can grow up in v4
and practically stand still or by 'he
use of manure and cultivation it m
be made to grow as fast as desired.
The sod method is frequently followed
by the man who has no time to sj end
on the convenience and appearand of
his place.
As the warmth of spring approaches
the system craves some fresh acid, and
nothing Is more grateful than rhubarb.
A most satisfactory practice is to cover
a couple of thrifty Btools of rhubarb
with an old half-barrel, inverted, and
pile around It green manure. This will
force it Into quick growth.
Green Manuring.
Very sandy soils are more apt to
show a beneficial effect than heavy soils
from plowing under green crops as
compared with applications of fertil
izers or manures, for the reason that
in such soils fertilizer or manure
leaches quickly away, whereas the
humus afforded by the green crop is
more entirely retained, itself adding to
the body of the soil. Sandy soils, too,
are nearly all deficient in vegetable
mold, and green manure is the easiest
and cheapest method of supplying this
factor.
years to develop a flowering bulb from
the seed. A noted scientist who was
believed to be an authority on lily
growing, stated that "In three or four
yeara at most, flowering bulbs will
be produced from seed if the young
plants are properly treated." While
the experiments of the Department of
Agriculture have shown that some seed
lings are longer than others In coming
into bloom, yet when these do flower,
they reward all the cultivator's labor
by producing a great amount of flow
ersinstances being known of plants
with from ten o fourteen flowers at
one time
Hybnu Philippine Lily.
The Bureau o. Plant Industry of
the Department of Agriculture last
year took up the problem of shorten
ing the time of growing, as any short
ening In the time of growth represents
so much gain to the cultivator. With
this in view the Department Imported
a species of lily from the Philippines
which was known to bear flowers in
from two to three months after plant
ing of the bulb. This lily has been
crossed with the common Easter lily,
and the r It has been a hybrid.
bearing as many flowers as the old
Bermuda lily, with no difference in ap
pearance from this plant, except that
the hybrid will develop in four or five
months, representing a shortening in
time of from one to three months.
While the experiments of the Depart
ment are not yet completed, the re
sults attained so far warrant the be
lief that the new hybrid Easter Lily
can be produced cheaper than the old
variety which blooms not less than
from six to eight months after plant
ing of the bulb.
ii
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fus coiuxG riRuuor.
The Educated Farmer Becoming a
Power In State and Nation.
The time it fast coming , if. Indeed,
It is uot atrvudy hm when the in
telligent, industrious and energetic
farmer will occupy a far more protnl
nout place iu the affairs of State and
.Nat Urn that ewr bvfuro. Tho rapid
pace tti-oewiartly adopted by thoe cn
jagvd in professional and mercantile
pursuits, in order to successfully meet
the competition amwlllng them uu
every hand, is not conducive to the
mental endowment of their descend
ants, and the furmboy of rugged con
stitution and industrious habits will
be lu ever growing deuiaiul to fill taelr
depleted ranks. Much has been writ
ten In regard to tho prominent part
played by such breeding and early
country training. In the succennful
management of great mercantile enter
prises and the marvelous diMCoverlen
and achievements of great profemdonal
leaders and much more will stilt be
written upon tho same subject. The
farms of tho couutry havo been and
will continue to be the nurseries from
whence the degenerating forces of
those overworked brains and shattered
nerves will bo recruited.
More important still, thero is alm
a most promising future for tho farm
boy who takes up agriculture as au
occupation. Farming Is no longer
mere drudgery and muscular exertion,
In which mau occuple aNnit tbeoume
place as the beasts of tuirdon, but It
Is an Industry calling for tho keenest
intclllKcuco and the application of
well defined principles.
If the farm boy can bo made to
understand that the cultivation of Tue
soil and tho feeding of atock are based
upon principles as clearly defined aa
those underlying any mechanical or
mercantile pursuit, and Unit tho same
skill and energy applied to tho former
as to the latter will yield equally pro
fitable returns, ho will bo more greatly
attracted to his home acres. When to
theso facts are added the opportunity
to participate in public uffulrs and
the assurance that because he becomes
a farmer, he does not surrender all
claim to public recognition and re
nown, he will enter upon tho work of
tho farm with greater nest and courage
and with less foreboding.
In order to obtain theno results. It
Is necessary that tho farm lad bo fitted
for tho work as thoroughly aa persona
are fitted for other professions. He
must study agriculture ns one who is
to become a physician studies medi
cine, or tho one who Is to be an at
torney studies law. He must not only
know how to do all thing, but be
must also know why the things are
doie. He must know the effect upon
the soil of different methods of culture
and tho effect upon animals of various
systems of feeding. He must know a
thousand things unknown to his an
cestors a generation or two ago, and
then and not till then will he be in a
position to practlco farming as intelli
gently and as successfully as tho phy
sician practices medicine or tho at
torney practices law.
It requires time, hard study and
some money to acquire this knowledge,
but not so much as is required to pre
pare for other occupations and profes
sions yielding good returns. Thero Is
no study necessary for the laborer
who uses plrk and shovel at a dollar
and a half a day, but preparation la
necessary for him who earn three
or four times that amount In any line
or work. There Is no preparation nec
fcscsjry for the farmer who Is content
to harvest what the soil produces of
Its own accord, but preparation is
necessary for tho farmer who produces
three or four t lines the average yield
of the soil. Tho man who manipulates
tho soil and directs the elements of
nature in an intelligent manner in the
production of that crop iti an almost
greater factor than tho soil Itself.
Father and mothers who desire their
boys to beeorno or remain farmers,
should encourago them to make the
requisito preparation for their life
work and then fiere will bo fewer
abandoned farms and fewer dis
couraged and disheartened farmers.
The Joke wuh Mohh Grown.
He said it in all Innocence.
It was at a nice, homelike llttlo party
the other evening, and Gabley had just
told his time-worn story.
"Ch, strangle it," called out Jonothan
Happlegood in his sonorous voice,
which made everybody look. "That
story is more ancient and rock-ribbed
than the hills."
Then the three spinster Hill sisters
of uncertain ages got up and stalked
stiffly out of the room with that set,
hard expression which is akin to the
'automobile face."
Hen'a Trials,
See a pin and pick It tipana you
can bet your wlfe'll ask you for it be
fore you get a chance to use It
There are Indian millionaire! fa Ia
d!&a Territory and Oklabom.
THE PHILIPPINE LILY.
Planting overgrown nursery stock
because It can be secured cheaper than
young Htock 13 a serious mistake. In
the first place the handling Is much
greater, and, again, such trees will
never make the sturdy and vigorous
growth of the younger ones. To use
them at any price is poor economy.
The Eskimo gives his doctor a fee
as soon as he comes. If the patient
recovers, It is kept; if not, It Is re-
turnea.
The gates of Pekln are closed every
evening with elaborate and formal cere
mony. The closing of the gates is one
or tne sights which strangers travel
far to see.
The beautiful patterns which are
used for Cashmere shawls are fre
quently copied from the leaf of the
begonia.
One of the Ranks,
"Hello," said the Pipe to the Black
Cigar.
In the Smokers' grand parade,
I see you march with the Cigarettes
Instead of your own brigade."
The Black Cigar moved down the line,
Ashamed as he could be,
And simply said, with deep-bowed
head;
"I've Joined the 'ranks,' you see."
I the title I Our New Catalogue for 1P06 the tnoat beauti
ful and iuMructlve horticultural publication ol the day
I&6 pares 700 engravings 7 auperb colored plate .
7 duotone plates of vegetables and flowers.
Every Empty Envelope
Counts as Cash
X mt W M tut ) Ul MwiWwami y m tti k
" 1t Vt (la nHi 'U UlhM4itiM, t4 iImhiI Ir
11 chaff, m tmu SO-Cnl WUrM " CuOllM ihii
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AbMlattly rare,
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ofptk-. Auri Vk'ur
kLL. I.ltirtml IrtHt. m
Wears! Itit lasted) Ca u 4 ., fltueerf, fa
Courtesy to the Cloth.
He was a young and smart-looking
Scots clergyman, and was to preach
a "trial" sermon in a strange church.
Fearing that his hair might be disar
ranged or that he might have a smudge
on his face, he quietly and sign in
cantly said to the beadle, there being
no mirror In the vestry:
"John, could you get me a glass?"
John disappeared, and after a few
minutes returned with something un
der his coat, which, to the astonish
ment of the divine, he produced In the
form of a bottle with a gill or wnisKy
In it. saying:
"Ye mauna let on aboot it, meenister
for I rot it as a special favor, and I
wadna hae got It if hadna told them
it was for you."
W t Bm.tlTt 11.01 BtflgPW.
II 1 f lllfl f" ,"lf fnitarU
If ar ktw l4 la Utaat Ifclaa
w Uka la Md jw gw m buvk at
ELECTRIC "BU
ELECThTo"'!.-
" Mora tKa a iu.a aa anr ar ara
l m aa4 varvral ka4r4 iauan4 larauca hi
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1 mtfU aara tea mmrf, awfa aurk,
irarlraala-awraiMatiathaa f h
awtal wkMl laita banana TaafVa Ma4a Mm,
tri7Mlwrin tka mm. ltM aalu4 M
"a kxk. r iaf vurfe IfMa, your BMia.jp bark.
Iua1 a vai mt mil j im4 aar
boo. Il itih Bmut d.,n.n ak4 U fraa.
CLEOTRIO WIIIIL CO,
Boa 203 QulMy, llts.
.-.aaVaL-.
Beaullful Flowers FEE
9R( tTUh"n'" l'""! ad na!aa, faa
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5V"f T;",, "' C. iipua ( ht
liml aill rM ana tlx nM .,m ruiaai
4 o rack a ( a4
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l-tl.il aaMt
l-kl. H M MltMWHM
(aw AItuuio.
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in. M f) t'tirnfl,
r-n. Mi rivf.
.l. M.imI kaMutllam
Hlfca,WuiMC,MrtM,aMitaHbj
onwr, io.iu.ii i"biI, lolii. ( ,ua. 1ua
"aa. l.lJ.lu( .ilmni, Jk.ii j y,m IImb4
I wa,i, lnn., u,u,i. A44ta
t. O, MniMCS.lomervllle.Miegw
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I'ki. NiikI riWa.
t-bt. hunn.ir, a
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I W ILECTRIC rVT Itf
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DR, COFFEE'S 00 - PAGE
OEYE DO OH FREE
lliMwa.,wll.ai
at mmm anbmi .tuna a KkM. m
IM ,Cahjr lUdf . Bt ItaiaM. 11.
si. w.o,corrif.
45c DISH PAH SAVED
tirl'atnaW J.-Tla Mm.iW.b4
a Mat. a, Uoat ap um itnuaMk u
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aM la luur imam, kMitaa, a4a,
via. ka H .irwlf in bail a
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wit. par imM. Hmrndf t Uuunl
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illamalat. umim a- k4i.aMni,rm laaaMf
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fWat. lllvar airaai, tMIO&tiO
imrfffffl PAGE-WIR
Made by the bnidc ojKm-hcarth proccw in our Steel Mills, Moncsscn, Pcnn-
i) ivaiun. mm mmoio uio icnsuo airength of common fence wire, the apringl
new of a high grade spring wire, aud is used only in the manufacture of
I'lige henccs and coilcUpringn. Aak for " A Trtj Through Our ililU. It
tt-lla how l'niro-Wire in ni.ulo: how it itlfTfnt fnim nimnm rnnra ulm ant!
w hy It is stronger and Utter. Sent free by rcturu mail, Write for it to-day.
Page Wovon Wlro Fonco Co., Dox020, Adrian, Mlcha
The best SO cent nwxazlnc In Amereu.
A dollar mnfrttzlne la everything bat price,
V Thousands upon thousands are eagerly watching
& for opportunities, financial, Industrial, agricultural,
ii while East, West, North and South opportunities are f
y v.'aiting for someone to pick them up.
Tho minion of OPPORTUNITY U to bring
y tho Becker and the opportunities tnircthcr. Ol'-
TORTUNITY is full of attractive ftatuns,
btautijul itluttratwns, valuabli information,
inttrtsting stone i, instructtvt editorials. Coot,
titan, wholesome, delightful reading tor every
one in the family. Order a year's subscription
at 00 cents. Kcml it three months, and if you don't
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Tho reason is that wc have faith in ourselves and
know that
OPPORTUNITY WILL. PLEASE YOU.
We offer the finrit litt uf premium to i-lub raiarr ever
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tlona. With uch an attractive mnKaliie aa "OI'POK'll;
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Boys ClflJ, take an raency for OPPORTUNITY, and by
a little work belora ami after Khool and during vacation
earn all your upenuinir money 'r fine priice. Juit auch
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flea, icet tome of your friend io aubacrlbe (or OPPOR
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I Mi-rent, orifet for yotinelf a good rator. Morri chair,
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prize. DO IT TO-DAY.
Always give your own namo and full address and write
Opportunity Publishers,
270 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO, UL.
awac2ji
The Man of the Uour,
He etood in the hall at midnight,
But the clock was not striking the
hour,
For his careful touch bad stilled It,
Ere the storm bad time to lower.
He Bald, as the stairs he climbed softly,
"A hero of labor I'm like
For aurely this night I've averted
A wont disastrous strike,"
FREE
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Earn thl newly invented braMb-lnadln run. Rrad
name, addraM. We miiu you fra bo.ullful inmlorod
jllUKtratad elnmlar bonlrift fruD,tar(rattlndUDinilUand
how to tarn thorn hj wlllutf M Uaody PeuiiUa at 0 eeuM
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THIHTKKNTH STHKCT I.P.AD PFNOIL CO.,
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Will bring yon by mall a a, box
I ,h" Vanilla Cryatala,
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Roe or Olnnamon Orjntala.
The bent Flavoring ever md.
Cooking. Huneriorto any ilSo. bottla
Non-Aleoholla and Unehanireable la
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Kndoraed by U. 8. Food Oommlules
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BOYS
REPEATING
AIR RIFLE
fthmitj tba tlmaa wltboiit reloading. Lenath of rllla il
parti ara niad of tb bant grade of ttaat The itock li flnaly pollihed walnnt.
juaimetouiBiornuaii aaiuai iroaiuppijoi auoi. iou oao nave tun alrr
for aalllng m4 of our Imported Philippine 111 and Shall HevalUal at lOe aao
uwful baaUUful Jforaltiaa are made hy ilia Uttla Brokn man, and are all the race,
want tbam and will buy aTral at too eanli. Ho other eonoera In amartoa fcai
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ppMriinca, UiItakuLIU Ban.
JJa -,
KTerjrD9a
atlOoeanli. Ho other eonoera In Apwlo Candle thaw ioodaV.