COL
HE
UMBIA
MAGAZINE SECTION.
HOULTON, OREGON, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 15. 1905.
PAGES 1 TO 1
livluUlll
GIAHT RIVER TUNNELS.
TAKE PLACE OF URWGES IS COS.
SECTISO SEW JERSEY ASD
SEW YORK. .
Completion of Boring Under Hudson
Rlvcr-Oneof Crcatsstof Engineer
Ins Feats.
After half a century of (peculation
on the practicability of tunneling the
Hudson river from New Jersey to the
Island of Manhattan, It U now poail
bit to walk dry-shod from Jersey to
New York. Tbe twin bores have been
completed; that U, they have been cut
through and caned in, though of course
tome finishing touches art yet to be
put upon them. It was a few days
ago that In the presence of the engi
neers, the directors and a dozen re
porters, W. 0. Oaktnan, president of
tbe Hudson Companies, spilt an old
brick bulkhead with a hydraulic Jack
and completed the first Manhattan
Jersey tunnel system. There was a
ali-lnch mp in. the wall. A gang of
"ground hogs" rammed tht breach a
little wider, and the party crawled
through Into New York city.
Tht old wall that was cut through
was seven feet thick. It is the relic
of a former failure to tunnel the
Hudson. Twenty-threo years ago the
engineers of the old Hudson Company,
after cutting, a considerable distance
under the river, abandoned tbe enter
prise and walled In the unfinished
work with this brick bulkhead
Two tube-tunnels run parallel be
neath the Hudson river, the work of
boring them being done under direc
tion of the New York and New Jer
sey Ilallroad Company, but this com
pany entrusted the actual performance
of the work to tbe Hudson Companies.
The present tube has been two
. years in the course of cobstructlon.
Tho tubes will cost when completed
about 113,000,000, and tbe entire work
will coat about $30,000,000.
Fifteen Feet In Diameter.
Tbe tubes are 6.700 feet long. UVi
feet In diameter and are Intended for
one track each, with a sidewalk for
workmen. Two tubes have been start
ed on the New Jersey shore, to run
under tbe river to Cortlandt and
Church streets. These tubes will be
1614 fret In dUmctor. The tubes Just
completed wilt connect on tbe New
Jersey shore with the Pennsylvania
and the Lackawanna terminals. In
Manhattan one branch will connect
with the subway under Fourth ave
nue at Aitor Place, Another branch
will run to Sixth avenue and Thirty'
third street A trip through the entire
length of the tunnel from tbe subway
to Hoboken will cost only five cents.
About six hundred mon bare been em
ployed In the tunnels.
Cars will be running through these
tube-tunnels In eighteen months. The
safety of transportation la tbe tunnel
seeds no demonstration, for trains will
run In a steel tube the strength of
which to resist pressure has been care
fully worked out Being laid from
fifteen to fifty feet below the river
bed. It cannot be affected by tbe ac
tion of tidewater. Tbe tube Is a steel
collisions due to operating blunders
the risk of travel ought to be nlL
Many Tunnels to b Dug.
It having been proved practicable
to tunnel beneath the Hudson river,
the Pennsylvania Itallroad undertak
ing will be pushed rapidly, and it may
be expected that In course of time ev
ery trunk line coming Into Jersey City
will have Us own tunnel Tbe East
river piercings do not present much
of a problem. In less than five years
trains ought to be running from Phil
adelphia to Doston with so water to
be crossed.
It Is believed that within ten years
electric trains will make the trip from
Philadelphia to New York in one hour.
AO TURKS Y S TCFFISG t '
FORTUNE FOR A ROSE.
Christmas Dinner Incomplete With
out 1 his 01 d-rh.oned Addition.
Tbe latest and most obnoxious
crank In th gastronomic line Is that
deluded epicure who aswrts that
Christina turkey must bo served
without "stuffing." He says It Is an
nnoriialy, a thing without reason, an
Insult to the completeness of the
bird. Ho even declare -that it de
tracts from tho iwwt flavor and doll
onto aroma of tho king of fowls.
Thus he thrusts himself Into tbe jub-
ll-r iiiciia. a 11101 unwelcome "butter-
In." striving to accomplish the down
fall of on historic Institution. He Is
not a true American, lie has never
tasted "stuffing as mother mode' It"
-the real Simon-pure article, spooned
out of tho deep recesses of tho royal
Mrd In great crumUy masses that nil
tho room with rich aroma and lue
heart of man, woman and child with
Joy unronfined.
It Is tho soul of tbe turkey, is starr
ing. Ylth the bird Itself one I al
ways bothered alout wliot port ue
will hove whether white meat or
dark: whether a wing, a thigh, or a
drumstick; whether tho wish-bone,
the liver, or "the part that went over
the fence last:" but for the stuffing,
American sentiment Is universal.
The only question is: How much docs
one dare to. eat T And then that en
trancing, sngcy odor, from the mys
terious "yarbs" that enter Into the mnk
lug-as sweet as the summer breezes
over new mown bay as delicate as
the fragrance of orange blossoms on
a wedding doy. And perchance. In
addition, we shall catch tbe sublime
suggestion of on onion, wafted Into
our quivering nostrils, and recalling
some denr deported maternal spirit
who ministered to our boyish wacta
in days of yore,
Turkey straight wltliout stuffing!
Not while there la breath to sound 1
protest It Is the mission of clvlllta
tlon to mix with naked nature the
toothsome miscellany of tradition; to
blend the work of nature and man;
to sweeten with our best endeavor
the plain blowing of an all-wise
Providence. That's what gave us
"stuffing;" and nntll the heart of man
grows cold. until the race loses Its
teeth and lives on pills and tablets
and predlgested pap, Its multitude
will Insist on turkey ss mother served
It Down with theories. Give us
A WOSDERfVL SEW VARIETY
WHICH IIIUSCS THIRTY
TUQVSASD DOLLARS. '
Is a Ravishing Pink and Crimson Tea
-One to Two Hundred Ihousanj
DollaraCspecteu Profit-Other Mug
Figures for Mowers.
A Washington gardener baa origi
nated what Is Ix Ueved by expert flor
btts to be the finest roue ever grown
tU? (juern llentrlce. It Is a tea of a
peculiar shade of pink with a touch,
In the bud. of light crimson. It par
ticular merit lies probably In tbe fact
that none of tho in-auty of Its coloring
is destroyed either In natural or arti
ficial light Added to this It ha a
fruerance enual to. If not superior to
that of tbe American Beauty. The
rose grows ou straight and stur
dy stems from two to three feet long;
us parents are uie two weu-anowo va
lined hole in the earth, and except for stuffing or take tho turkey back.
Mr. Kramer Is a Wasljlnjton florist
with . large experience lu the flower
line, nmiiy new and interesting dot
cllles having originated In LI green
house. Antony the popular garden
rotu-s which he produced are the
ClimMng Meteor." a climbing varie
ty with large red blooms; ''Champion
of the World," "Kobert E. Lee." "V.
II. Kramer," and many other sorts
which have been sold to catalogue
boum-N ond named by them. He has
Junt originated tbe "Climbing Ameri
can Peauty" which will probably le
listed by flower-sellers next spring. lie
recently exhibited la Washington the
-V. 11. Kramer" carnation a deep
pink sort which many well-known
florists have declared to be the equal
of either the "Lawson" or "Fiancee."
He states that no plants of tbe
"(Jueen Beatrice" rose will be ready
for distribution before the spring of
1'.hj7 during which time a large sum
of money will be expended In the
erection of hothouses and the cultiva
tion and growing of hundreds of
thousand of young plants. The es
timate Is made that probably $150,000
THE PUBLIC LAND FRAUDS.
PRESIDENTS PUBLIC LAND COMMISSION RECOM
MENDS RADICAL CHANGES IN LAWS.
' Richard Hamilton Byrd.
Iff , : : :ft I
- ' - - " . ' 1 ' ' " . . ,
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- ' : v -,' ' ' . f - - " ', " ' '
W ' " ) 'H h ; - 0
Y ,& - $
hL ...j.JI
or $200,000 will be
flower.
THE UNCONVENTIONAL SARAH.
It wns Thomns Cnrlylo who snld
that nil gonhiH wns akin to savagery.
Borah Pcrnhnrdt exemplifies this In
the buodolr of hor clmtenu in Paris.
Mmc. Ilornhnrdt Is n perfect bnrbnrlnn
In her deflnnco of nil tho convention
nlltlcs regarding color Bchemos. Her
sleeping room Is hung In royal purple,
decorated with peacock plumes. Over
her Louis XVI. bod Is n canopy mndo
of unRpun silk taken directly from the
silkworm cocoon. A great BpliiBh of
crimson satin, In the form of a shield,
adorns the center. The walls ore hung
In old tapestries, and In the interstices
TBE NEW QUEEN BEATRICE ROSE.
rletles. Liberty end Madam Chatenay.
the former, one of the most popular
crimson varieties, but uncertain In the
production of perfect blooms. Queen
lleatrlce ha Done of the faults of its
parents and combines all of their good
qualities; It 1 resistant to insect ana
mildew attacks, end capable of forc
ing on the hothouse bench.
Crown atCardlner Hubbard Mansion
Three men went out west to seek
their fortunes. One located In the
Middle West-not the Middle West
perhaps, as it Is generally known,
but the central section of the west
ern half of the United States la the
desert country. He started his suc
cessful career by taking up a govern
ment claim under tbe desert-land act
Ue was la the cattle country-the
cow country a ad be made his strike
In cattle.
Ills friend went further. north, still
in the desert area, close to the Cana
dian line la tbe sheep country. - He
took up a government homestead
claim and commuted It . . . 1
The third man went Into the' far
northwest tbe Oregon country of
Lewi and Clarke and he took up a
government timber claim. lie' located
In a land where lumbering was done.
And these three men became great
cattle and sheep and timber kings.
and Incidentally landlords; and their
operation while widely different
were singularly similar, iney mea on
their government claims and at the
earliest possible moment each man
"proved up and sold out lor cash to
larger land grabbers. And so they
learned the mode snd got their start
toward land grabbing themselves.
Tbe desert entryman was supposea
under the law to live at least .three
years on bis 320 acres and to expend
durinff that oerloo: I'joo m construct
ing Irrigation ditches and other Im
provements, and make it his home,
This was what was promised for tbe
law when It was slipped through
Congress. A a matter of fact this
man spent a day with a team making
a fake irrigation reservoir and then
another day running a couple of fur
row around the land, making oath
that this constituted an Irrigation
system for Its reclamation. , Then
within six months he "proved up,"
made the required payments to tbe
government, and secured a patent to
his land.
The homestead entryman. who. un
der the law, must reside continuously
on his claim, erected a slab, one-room
shanty, 10x12 feet .and during a per
iod of fourteen months slept in It just
five times. This was the extent of
hi Lome making. Then he, toe, made
oath 01 what he Had not aone, offered
(he required payments to the govern
ment and secured title to his land.
The timber entryman went Into the
finest timber section of the United
States the dense forests of the far
northwest and under the timber and
stone act selected ICO acres of land,
the timtier standing upon which was
worth $75 an acre, and swearing that
be wanted it for his own personal use,
purchased It from the government at
the fixed price of $2.50 an acre and
immediately disposed of It So that
within fourteen months these three
men had secured from Uncle Sam an
aggregate of one square mile of gov
ernment band for their own benefit
and use as homes, and sold it out to
of tho hangings ore row After low of
tiny monkey Bkulls. the eye sockets of
which are Illumined with electric
llchts. - ........
The "divine Sarah" has parted with
her pet tiger, and now has for a com
panion a lnrge and ugly baboon, whose
ears have been pierced so that they
may carry huge rings of solid gold.
Hernliardt Is said to look ns young ns
she did twenty years ago. Her face
Is without wrinkles, and her step Is ns
spry and her manner as vivacious ns
when she first electrified her native
city as an actress. " ,
It was originated by Teter Blssett
and win be put on the market by
f lorist t. 11. Kramer, or wasnington.
Plssett Is the head gardener of Mrs.
Gardiner Hubbard, the widow of the
bite Gardiner Hubbard, at one time
president of the National Geographic
Society. She Is the mother-in-law of
Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor
of the telephone. The new rose was
produced at her beautiful suburban
residence, Twin Oaks, Just outside of
the national capital.
ine leading florists of the country
hove known of the existence of this
rose for a year and have made various
tempting offers for it but it remained
for Florist Kramer to offer $30,000
and finally secure the beauty.
Mien a raoinous sum ior a rose
seems insignificant however, when it
is remembered that but a few years
ago Thomas Lawson of "Frensled Fi
nance" fame paid $30,000 for a mere
carnation, while the greater amount
of $125,000 was expended for the "Fi
ancee" carnation. It Is hinted that
Mr. Lawson cleaned up over $100,000
out of the lawson pink and the buy
ers of the "Fiancee" carnation easily
doubled tuo amount expended.
Origin of the American Beauty.
And vet the "American Beauty" of
whom every flower lover Is fond has
a verv. verv sao nisrory. a iiuuun-r
of years ago n Tashlngton gardener
who made onlv a specialty of garden
roses, received from abroad n ship
ment of plants, among which wos a
"mongrel." This, with out-of-door cul
ture produced verv large and fragrant
blooms. It attracted the attention of
Thomns Fields, a Washington florist
Nothing was known by him of tho
forcing oualltles of this roso In the
groonhov.se, but as he rather liked Its
color and general appearance, one.nr
ternoon while ber husband wa9 ab
sent, he purchased the single plnnt
from Mrs. Rendv for five dollars,
Rendv. when he retnred and was told
of the sale, believed that his wife had
asked too much for the flower. Fields
experimented with the plant and found
that It exceeded even his fondest
hopes. He named It the "American
Beontv" nnd probably cleared $25,00f)
on this one deal. To-dny Ready is
still a gardener, doing odd Jobs for peo
ple around town spading up gardens,
supplying rich earth and planting
shrubs.
Various artifices have been tried by
clever but unscrupulous people to ob
tain specimens of the "Queen Beat
rice" rose, many coming into tne
Kramer establishment where a huge
bouquet of the blooms was on exhibl
tlon, offering to purchase ajt large
price a single flower for a boutou-
niere. others nave gone so rar a to
order elaborate funeral designs with
the proviso that nothing but this par
ticular kind of rose De usea. 'inese
were only dodges to obtain the healthy
wood for slipping and growing, for
the best time to make rose cuttings is
either Just before or immediately after
tbe plant comes Into bloom.
One Washington florist who origi
noted the "Ivory" rose a handsome
white flower, and a sport or "ooiaen
Gate" was unwise enough to sell cut
flowers, thereby enabling the purcha
sers to propagate the variety cheaply,
The Washington Florists' Club re
cently awarded the new "Queen Beat
rice" rose a certificate or merit the
first of the kind ever given by the
club. The new flower is so striking
and beautiful that every member of
the club consented to the award.
made from this
Attempted Graftings.
Comfort on Uncle Sam's
Ample Breast, ,
No nation ha ever been so reckles
or has been so mercilessly robbed of its
public land resources as has tne tnitea
States. Since the early msury or,
tbe republic, land In vast tracts ha
been granted to individual and cor
porations, and in spite of the public
sttention which of late years has been
directed to the matter, tbe absorption
goes on at an alarming rate. It
seems climcuit ior me man wuo uss
lived in the west for vears to realize
that there Is any good reason why bo
should not debauch and buy out hun
dreds of other who are willing to sell
their birthright as American citizens.
thus enabling mm to acquire a do
main which vould have been princely
lu the days of feudalism.
The three men above cited count
their holdings to-day by the hundred
of thousands of acres, but there are
wptprn eo mora tlon 1 and individuals
whose figures mount up even Into mil
lions of acres. Une can nae or unve
all day through their territory, tho
HON. W. A. RICHARDS.
Chairman Public Lnds Commission.
only signs of civilization being barbed
wire fences and roaming herds, where
should be hundreds and thousands of
prosperous farm homes.'
When President Roosevelt came in
to office be found government aid to
irrigation a qnestion of growing popu
larity. Ue recommended Its consider
ation by Congress. A national Irri
gation law was enacted. In his fol
lowing message he officially recog
nized the basic fraud of land laws
and the menace which they afforded
to the homemaking irrigation law
and the next year he appointed a Pub
lic Land Commission composed of
three eminent public men, well quali
fied to Investigate the land conditions
in the west
Need for Land Laws Legislation.
These otuclals were W. A. Richards,
Commissioner of the General Land Of
fice; Glfford Pinchot, Chief of th
Rureau of Forestry, and Frederick H.
Newell, Chief Engineer of the Nation
al Irrigation or Reclamation Service.
And this commission after a year
and a half of field investigation made
a short official report to Congress,
-A. 9 ' " 1 1 "
HOMESTEAD ENTRY IN EASTERN OREGON OF JOHN J. MURPHY.
Made to Secure Valuable Timber Landa. Entrrman Is eooktn an adjoining Lumber Camp
"Cupid Is one of the best-recruiting
officers that Uncle Sam hrts," confided
one of the sergeants attached to the
recruiting headquarters. "Back
nearly every enlistment there Is a
WAman In )ia imda TjwaN' nna wTo '
chase a lot of fine lads Into the serv
ice. Your romantic youth gravitates
to the recruiting office after a serious
break with his sweetheart as naturally
as a duck takes to water. It seems
to him the most fitting way In which
to sacrifice himself when love 8 young
dream Is apparently dispelled. Way
down -In his heart he nurses the Idea
of making his erstwhile inamorata
snd. and It's the army or navy, with
the possibility of death In battle, for
him. Again, other first class material
l& recruited by the desire of young
fellows to sport a uniform before their
girls. In such cases Cupid does his
recruiting through vanity. ' But In both
ways he manages to fill up big gaps
In the ranks of Uncle Sam's fighters."
those who were buying hundreds of
such claims and then went looking for
further speculation.
Typical Cases of Fraud.
These three cases are cited simply
because they are typical of thousands
and hundreds of thousands of Instan
ces which could be related of the
great west where the government
still owns half a billion acres of land,
although another half billion have
passed into private ownership under
the various loose and really fraudu
lent land laws with which the statute
book is defiled.
which was published as Senate Docu
ment 154, 58th Congress, 3d Session.
It is herewith published in part
showing as it does the necessity for
energetic action by Congress on one of
the most vital questions of the day,
namely, the correction of the national
abuse which is taking away from the
American homeseeker the opportunity
to acquire a piece of land and rear
thereon a home for himself and his
famllv. This subject will be further
considered in next week's issue, which
will include an additional section of
this report
One of the richest boys In the world
Is the adonted' son of the late million
aire, Zetgler. He is fourteen years old
and will inherit nearly $20,000,000.
Edwin Booth for a long time aver
aged twenty-five cigars each day.
B8tth Congress, I
ja session 1
SENATE
IDOCUMITf
1 No. 154.
PUBLIC LANDS COMMISSION
MESSAGE
FROM THE'
PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.
SUBMITTING
THE SECOND PARTIAL REPORT OF THE PUBLIC LANDS COM
MISSION, APPOINTED OCTOBER 22, 1903, TO REPORT UPON
THE CONDITION, OPERATION, AND EFFECT OF T HE PRESENT
LAND LAWS. -
To the Senate and Ilouse of Representatives: 'T,j'rim
I submit herewith the Becond partial report of the Public Lands Com
mission, appointed by me October 22, 1903, to report upon the condition,
operation, and effect of the present land laws and to recommend sucn
changes ns are needed to effect the largest practical disposition of the pub
lic lands to actual settlers who will build homes upon them and to secure
have -concluded to submit this second partial report bearing upon some of
in permanence the fullest and most effective use of the resources of tha
public lands. The subject is one of such magnitude and importance that I
the larger features which require immediate attention without waiting for