-tali Hiit SrMf
;X-JD
UMBIA
magazine' Section.
IIOULTON, OREGON, FIUDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 1905.
?AGES 1 TO i
COL
HOME OP WASHINGTON.
BOW WOVEN PAYED TUB WAY
FOR RES TOR A TW.S OF XT. YERXOX
Historic riact I Now Exactly as It
Looked During: tht Lifetime of
i Great Statesman-Central -Thousands
VUlt It Annually
The bell la tolling. the band playing
"Nearer My God to Thee" and ths
pantouRera know, even Ik f ore thry
raise their eyca to the fair twerp of
Virginia's shore Una, that the steamer
la pastiug Moi t Vernon. A pretty
custom the tolh. of the bell an.l the
playing of the fine old hymn. A ninth
fall oq the crowded decka, and one
WAHlllNUToN AND LAKAYKTTE.
From a PaluUng at Muuut Vernon.
fccle the, thrill of patrlotlam atlrrlng
the hearts of tho people.
Jlut do the thousands who annually
aatl down the Potomao to visit the
atalely home of George Washington
know that to a woman' initiative It
due the restoration and ijreservatlon of
the beautiful Mount Vernon of to-day!
Away bark in 1853 thla home was In
a rapidly deteriorating condition. John
August ine Washington, a aon of Gen
eral Washington's nephew, was the
owner of the estate. The descendants
of Washington evidently did not Inherit
the clear business sense of their Illus
trious ancestor, for In General Wash.
lngton'a time the farm yielded a hand
aome income. Now the fields were ly-
'0:-t
: i
At.
House In which
Wanhlnglon
Lived.
The KlU'hno si
It u a
Hundred Yean
Ago.
ing untllled and useless, and the houso
and outbuildings wore showing signs
of the i'asstng of the yeara. Tbe glory
of that splendid home was departing.
A Woman's Work.
To the great credit of John Augus
tine Washington It is related that he
refused absolutely to consider propor
tions advanced by private companies
and individuals to purchase the estate,
to be converted later Into a pleasure
resort. Think of the doaecratlon a
vaudeville performance on that magni
ficent stretch of lawn, waiters bearing
their burdens of food and drink
through those stately halls, the dally
uproar of irreverent crowds.
And then came Miss Ann Pamela
Cunningham, of South Carolina. She
visited Mount Vernon In 1853 and was
shocked and grieved at the fate in
store for the historic spot. She con
ceived the plan of rousing the women-
of her beloved southland to the true
state of affairs and enlisting their co
operation In the raising of a fund ol
$200,000. the price asked for the house
outbuildings, wharfage, garden and
some two hundred acres of farmlands
So she wont to work, and it must be
remembered that fifty years ago it took
no small amount of bravery for n
woman to Inaugurate and carry on an
undertaking of such magnitude. But
after five years of effort the whole of
the (200,000 vas in hand. It was
found Impracticable to confine the
propaganda to the Southern States, bo
the North was invited to assist, which
she did in generous measure.
At the close of 1858 the Mount Ver
non estate was purchased and the title
passed to the Mount Vernon Ladles',
Association of the Union.
Freed from Taxation.
A charter was secured from the State
of Virginia, granting exemption from
taxation, the association In . return
binding; Itself to the task of restoring
to Hi original condition and preserving
" " - t
. 4.
... Tw-C
for future generations this borne of
General George Washington.
In this connection it Is Interesting
to know that during the ten-day annual
meet of the Doard of Regents In the
month of Msy a banquet la given to
the Governor of Virginia. After the
feast Is ended and the toasts are drunk,
the entire association conduct the Gov
ernor about the house and grounds,
that he may know, by personal observa
tion, that the pact entered into so long
ago is being faithfully kept
It Is the custom of the ladles of the
association to live at Mount Vernon
during the yearly session. At this
time the old home wears an air of un
wonted gaiety. The kitchen gives out
the most appetizing odors, and, stimu
lated to unusual activity by talea of the
old days, the corp cf Virginia servants
are auxious to show their fitness for
the honor of "scrvln de ladles." Even
the brick oven, a relic of colonial dsys,
la called Into ubs, the beautifully
browned bread, pies and cakes attest
ing its superiority.
Thirty States Represented.
The Mount Vernon Ladles' Associa
tion Is a most exclusive body. It is
composed of a regent, who Is president
of toe askoclatlon, and a vice-regent
from each of the Ktatea of the Union.
Tt.lrty States are now represented.
The women are Justly proud of the
work that has been and Is being accora
pl Uhed. and so value their places In
the council that It has become a cus
tom for the oillce of vlce-rcgent to de
scend from mother to daughter or
otuer near relative. When a vacancy
occurs tn the council the Governor of
the State Is Invited to nomlncte some
prominent woman; but should the
name not receive the favorable consid
eration of the regent and vice-regents
no appointment is made until one ac
ccptable to all la proposed.
Miss Cunningham, the first regent,
lived at Mount Vernon from 18G8 to
1873, when she resigned on account of
ill health. She died the following
year. The present regent la Mrs. Jus
tine Van Rennsclaer Townsend, of New
York.
During the Civil War, though In the
very midst of the conflict. Mount Ver
non escaped serious injury. This was
mainly due to the heroism of Miss
Tracy, the secretary of the association,
who took up her abode at Mount Ver-
I
if
A
non, accompanied by only a few serv
ants. Miss Cunningham, the regent
was prohibited from crossing the mill
lary lines and could not join her. For
four long yeara Miss Tracy remained at
the lonely home, managing the estate
and guarding tan buildings.
The plan of the rehabilitation of
Mount Vernon, by returning to Its
rooms the original furnishings, or arti-
it ,t rfZ
I 1 h
j M 1 1 J I i I
n
" t i II
' wt i f
OLD FASHIONED GARDEN AT MOUNT VERNON.
cles similar In design and construction,
is generally understood. But every
woman should know and remember
that to the loyal, patriotic women of
thfland belongs the credit of saving
from ruin and obliteration the fine old
home of the Fatherof his country.
STEM INDUSTRIAL CRASH.
STANDARD OIL il AC SATE PRE
DICTS CRISIS ASD SUGGESTS
PALL A TIYEUEA SVRES.
Would Have Nation Begin Work of
Vast Internal Improvement, tx
Premler Mcllne of Franc Alto
round Warning.
J. II. SHANNON.
That tho land Is the source of all
real wealth, has boon said by philoso
phers time out of mind, and now with
the urban districts draining from tbe
country much of the flower of its man
hood the cry is going up from the lips
of legions of wise men, "lluck to the
Land!" All manner of colonization
projects nro being devised and tried
for the purpose of diverting foreign
Immigration from the cities to fields
and to relieve the pressure of conges
tion iu tlio over-grown ccnters.One
if t
V 4-
J. D. ROCKEFELLER AND HIS NEW WIG.
rent nro of the ominous flow of people
to tho cities is the phenomenal develop
ment of manufactures. There may
come a time when manufactures will
so ovcrlMilnnce agriculture that there
will not be enough bnnlc wealth pro
duced to afford a profltable mnrket
fort tjie factory-made cood. Wlien
the Industrial nltuatlon shall become
so unbalanced, a commercial crash of
stupendous mngultude must ensue.
As Helpless Babes.
Then the city-trained men who
know not how to make bread out of
the soli will clamor for work, curse
the economic condition of Uie period,
denounce the state, threaten the re
public with all sorts of fnutnstlc theo
ries, and there win be acute inction
between the few rich and the multi
tudo of poor. Gradually men will
drift bnck to the land and learn to
make their living with the plow and
reaper and a satisfactory equilibrium
between agriculture and manufactures
will once more be reached. Before
this result is attained, there will
be intense suffering. Families that
are in comfortable circumstances will
know the meaning of misery, and
famllla now affluent will . fall into
beggary. All this Is not a dream.
Men of clearest vision see it coming.
Rockefeller's Prophecy of Panic
It Is what Mr. John D. Rockefeller
sees when he predicts, as be did in a
recent Interview "an industrial crisis
of world-wide exteut and unprece
dented severity."
Mr. Rockefeller says the crisis will
V 5
' ; . i
I- - ' J
be brought on by overoroducUonl&djhiiriit aa wpll nit wnstA hv fire.
all toes, he StandanJ Oil -magrlKEvery acre of land should: be-Tfiade to
' " " 'li, iitay. The government promotes re-i
does not. stand alone as n prophet of
Impending evil. Essentially the same
prediction is made by Senator Jules
Mcllne, once premier of France, and
a man of keen perception, penetration
and of broad understanding. This
Btateman says that the crisis which
Impends will be precipitated by over
production of manufactured goods,
lie says "Consumption must have IU
bounds, and so with tbe consumption
of manufactured articles. When la
man has filled all bis requirements in
clothes and furniture a mere lowering
of prices, wJiich is all that mechanical
Improvements generally mean nowa
days, can no longer attract him.
Therefore, when the output is not re
strained Uie market necessarily be
comes choked.'.
Mr. Rockefeller Is specific as to the
time when the crash Is to occur. It is
likely that he errs In this, because pre
dictions as to periods of depresHion
and readjustment are seldom fulfilled
as to dates. Crises as a rule come un
expected and the Immediate reason Is
rnoHt apt to bo due to over-expansion
of credit, and overproduction of secur
ities than to actual overproduction of
goods; but when to the cause of over
expanded credit is added overproduc
tion of manufacture and a lop-sided
Industrial system.recoverIng from the
crash is more difficult
Day of Distress Near.
The richest man In America Is posi
tive, however, that the crash will come
about 1907 year 'after next and so
sure Is be that tbe trouble Is on it
way, that be la already weaving- a
plan to provide work for those who
will be thrown out of emDlovmenL
and thus ameliorate the panic. He Is
certain that the number of men who
will need help will be about 7,000, 000.
and when Is added to those men the
number of dependents, the total is ap
palling. Mr. 'Rockefeller thinks this
vast army of unemployed should be
set to work by the government on In
ternal Improvements, the building of
new roaas, improvement or old ones, i
dredging of streams. Irrigating land,
etc. lie says: .
Vaat Plan of Construction.
"There Is enough labor today needed
on the public highways to employ all
the idle or surplus labor for a centurr.
Tbe Improvement of the roads, the
dredging streams, and especially of
tbe Mississippi, where annually mill
ions or aamage is clone by tbe over
flow, the irrigstlon of arid lands, the
preservation of forests and the drain
age of the swamps are the great pub
lic problems that should be occupying
tbe public mind. Municipal, state and
national laws should be enacted now
for tbe building of roads, so that
when the Industrial storm comes it
will not be too late to breast IV
JULES MELINE.
It makes no difference whether Mr.
Rockefeller be right or wrong In his
forecast of a gathering storm, his plan
for tho employment of surplus labor
is a practical and profitable one and
bis enumeration of road building, riv
er improvement, irrigation, forest pres
ervation and swamp draining, as the
truly great national problems is Phil
osophlc. Tbe work needs to be done;
and eventually It must be done, if the
United States is to progress. Waste
is national loss waste bv flood and
ftyircu ana experimentation oh..-a gn-
-rrtmure, wua a view 10 increasing-Tne
uectiveness of ullage; :ther&tJa no
reason wby It should not give counte
nance and support to reclamation of
land and the enchancement of the fer
tility of land already under culture.
It Is the land the farm, which is the
pedestal of the republic.
There should be" no effort to mini
mize the worth of manufactures
processes that work up the raw prod
ucts of the earth into serviceable
forms. The ores from which are ob
tained the metals of commerce are as
much a product of the land as corn,
wheat and cotton not as primarily
Important, but quite as necessary to
man in big present highly organized
social state. It is difficult to draw
the line between some of the basic
manufactures and agriculture, for the
Iron furnaces and steel mills build the
railroads and bridges which give
farmers a short-cut to markets.
French Statesman Also Predicts
Panic.
But the point is, that where manu
factures develop out of proportion to
the growth of agriculture, the world
Is being turned wrong side up. Mr.
Mellne In declaring that the overpro
duction of manufactures will lead to
an industrial crash, says; "There Is
room for everyone under the sun, but
on condition of sharing up the good
things- ot-the earth, Instead of concen
trating upon oae department of activ
ity."
i -
- 1 .....
THE TARIFF PROBLEM.
REYISI0S AND ASTI-REVISIOX
SEXTIMEXTS IX WASniSGTOS.
Speaker Cannon between Two Fires
Question to be a Live One During
the Next Session of Congress.
It I rather amusing to those who
are on tbe inside of the political arena
in Washington to observe the manner
la which discussion of the tariff are
conducted throughout the country. In
an academic way the theories of the
tariff are talked over. But to the men
on whom the real work of revising the
tariff would devolve there are very dif
ferent considerations to Influence them.
They openly declare that the tariff
ought to be revised, but they say the
danger to business interests would be
so great that they fear undertaking it
They Insist that a struggle over the
schedules would last six months, and
that during that time tbe business in
terests would be suffering stagnation
that would afflict the country very
sorely.
This view Is scouted by the revision
ists as one that has no standing with
men who believe In doing things. They
claim that if such considerations are
to prevail there never could be a re
vision of tbe tariff.
. So Easy To Revise.
Not long - ago the difficulties in
agreeing upon changes In the Dingle;
From the WaahingtonPost
"Ordinarily my experience has been that bears were not great If flur-X
rted when I suddenly came upon them."' Theodore Roosevelt in Scrib-1
ner's Jor uctober,
schedules were Illustrated by rep-,
esentatives who called on Speaker
Cannon. It happened that one day
a prominent Massachusetts member
called to Impress the speaker with the
easy manner In which the tariff might
be revised.
"You see." declared the1 Massachu
setts member, "we all make too much
over the difficulties in revising the
tariff. It would really.be very sim
ple. We would only have to put hides,
wool and coal on the free list and the
country would be practically satisfied.
We mleht do more, but that-would
really be enough. There could be no
difficulty In coming to an agreement
on that merely a matter of a few
weeks."
The sneaker listened Intently as
be always does listen to advice. But
trailing on the heels of the Massachu
setts member came a representative
from Illinois who also wanted to re
vise the tariff. He started In the same
as his predecessor. He thought there
was altogether too much fuss made
Every reader of this paper should have this book.
Cut off the coupon and mail to us with $1.50, ;
Illustrated
by
Ernest
Haskell
The romantic adventures of John Dinwiddle
at the Court of Maximilian In Mexico, where
with that of the beautiful Jacqueline. The
cent yean.
"HatichattofewofittclcuMpoueu, the
by infinite paint of detail, veriimiUtude,tuggetion."
St Louis Republic.
"A remarkable firtt book, of epic breadth,
twervingly. A' brilliant ttory." N. Y. Times
"There it no more dramatic period in
ttory bear every evidence of careful and
ud."-N.Y. Globe.
DCWBLEDAY, PAGE &
133-137 East 16th St., New York.
over tbe revision of tbe tariff, lie de
clared that It would be an easy job.,
As Simple as Can Be.
"What would you do - with the
tariff?" be waa asked.
'Why,' he replied, "it's as simple a
can be. All you have to do is to lower
the tariff on woolen goods and to make
a big reduction in tbe shoe schedule.
Practically that would satisfy every
one, and if yon did no more the coua
try would be pleased."
The Illinois representative was la
formed that be had been preceded by
a member from Massachusetts wh
thought that all that would be neces
sary would be to put coaL hide a4
wool on the free list
"Hides on the free list!" exrtiujed
tbe Illinois speaker. "Not while I
have tbe strength to stay here to fight
If
,MNow yon see what an easy thing It
Is to revise the tariff," said tbe
speaker.
"If I was God," again remarked the
speaker In bis quaint style, "I would
make some change In the tariff. I
would put them Into effect before any
body knew what they were to be made
Then there would be no unsettling of
business and at least some people
would be happy."
Question an Absorbing One.
What alarms so many prominent
protectionists is what they claim i
the danger of unsettling tbe business
r-onditlons of the country. The the
retical adjustment of the tariff ac
ording to the principles of protectioa
-
is having very little effect on them.
In fact the protecticnlsts do not eve
care to discuss that phase of the ques
tion. A revision of tbe tariff with the
declared purpose to simply lower the
schedules they say would have tne
same effect on the country that they
claim would follow an attack on
the tariff principles by the free-traders.
They claim that merchants would
not buy goods when lower tariff rates
might still further reduce the price
they would have to pay. . That condi
tions lasting six months they fear
would upset all business conditions.
They say it might mean panic.
But they are likely to have their
views very forcibly contested by the
tariff revslonlsts next winter. The re
visionists and the men who believe la
the principles of reciprocity are band
ing together to give battle in tne nana
of Congress. The citadel is now dis
tinctly in the control of the 8taod pat
ters and it Is to be seen what power
the revisionists will develop In contest
ing their ascendancy.
By
Eugene P. Lyle, Jr.
Published August 1st
13TH
THOUSAND
ALREADY
All Bookstores,
$1.50
DriscoU (nicknamed "The Storm Centre
his secret mission comes into conflict
best romantic American novel of re
elements of reality wrought
4.Y JW 29
carried through n- v
n cr A
Saturday Review.
history, and the
painstaking
CO.
.i'A v