Topics of
the Times
We are Judged not by the poetry w
applaud, but by the plain prose w
ppiy.
More pood Is done by dispensing
pood cheer than by giving away dol
lars. Come to think of it. when you were
a boy sour-milk biscuits always made
you feel younger.
Kink Head Is a name which conies
from Kentucky to go thundering down
the ages, with Dluk Potts and Pod
DUmuke.
A woman's clothes are so near her
Innermost soul that the care she takes
of them often furnishes an Infallible
guide to her true character.
It Is Dr. Gunsaulus who remarks
that the day of the boy orator has
gone. But there is nothing In this
statemeut to arouse any deep regret
George Ade should be more careful.
If John D. finds out that there Is so
much money In writing comic operas
he will be taking over the business
himself.
Legal steps have been taken to stop
flirting In the Cathedral at Norwich,
England. Of course, this U Indecorous
conduct, but It might lead to some
extra services for the dominie.
The beekeepers' asociatlon will pay
$1,(XX) to anyone who can prove that
honeycomb Is artificially manufac
tured. The members b;iLve It Is hard
to beat the busy bee at Its business.
A writer In Farm and Fireside says
that if hornets are handled gently they
will be come as docile as butterflies.
How are you treating your hornets
harshly or kindly? Pause and reflect
A Kentucky woman has died of can
cer which was caused by wearing
high-heeled shoes. If her heels had
deprived her of a chance to marry a
title some of the ladles might decide
to quit wearing high ones.
New York Is to have a ten-story
public school building which will hold
from 7,500 to 8,000 pupils. It is, of
course, to be located in one of the
poorest parts of the city. They don't
need school buildings of that kind in
the more fashionable quarters.
It is safe to say that if Russia had
not been somewhat busy in Manchuria
Colonel Younghusband would have
been a pretty old husband before he
succeeded in bulldozing the Thibetan
lama into that "treaty," whereby Thi
bet surrenders her autonomy to Great
Britain. There is even a possibility
that the treaty will yet be revised,
once the Muscovite finds himself foot
loose.
Motherhood and art have different
Ideals, but they may become allies to
overthrow the dull monster, common
sense. The architect wuo designed the
restoration of the Protestant Cuurch
at Speyer, capital of the Rhine Pala
tinate, planned a chancel window with
seven angel heads, which should be
portraits of the Emperor's children,
each at the age of four. The Emperor
objected, like any other mere man,
that his children are not angels. But
the Empress was pleased with the
Idea, and leagued herself with the art
ist and of course the Emperor gav
way u me momer.
The real winning of the West is not
an accomplished fact It has but Just
begun. And the work that is now be
ing -prosecuted in the West is more
Important than any that has preceded
It and more Interesting. What the
West needs is water. And that is what
the government and private enterprise
are gradually supplying. If he be one
of the most useful of men who makes
two blades of grass where but one
grew before, then what monuments do
the workers deserve who make un
limited harvests grow on land that
formerly produced nothing, who turn
the desert into a garden of unsurpass
ed fertility?
It Is not true that the human race
has undergone a physical degeneration
since the dawn of history or during the
thousands of unrecorded years which
have elapsed since its appearance on
this earth. The idea that in their phy
sical characteristics our forefathers
.were superior to ourselves Is due to
the inveterate tendency of the human
mind to idealize the past and to assume
that everything was better than it is
now in the good old days, and it is no
more Justified in this particular respect
than it is in any other. There were
giants, in those days just as there are
giants now, a few of them, individuals
whose abnormal development is the re
suit of a disease which morbid path
ology has recognized and classified.
but that there ever was a race of
giants there is no reason whatever to
suppose.
Under our system of choosing Presl
dents, each State casts its entire elec
toral vote for the candidate who re
ceives the largest number of individu
al votes at the November election. The
members of the Union thus come to
occupy relations to the political parties
much like those of every-day citizens,
Certain States are always Democratic
others are as regular In their Repub
lican adherence, while a third group
mores from one side to the other, ac
cording to the issues and candidates
of the campaign. State which are
neighbors, with kindred Interests usu
ally Tot In about the same way.
There Is thus an element of personali
ty Imparted to the commonwealths. Of
the eleven which In l.SM voted for
Fremont, the first Republican candl
I date, eight hare never since (hat time
voted any other ticket In a Presldeu
, tial election. Of these Fremont states.
New York and Connecticut have sup
ported the iK'tuocratlc nominee In sev
eral great contests, while Wisconsin
tias beeu IVmocratlc once. On ac
count of the upheaval produced by
the Civil War and reconstruction, but
few of the nineteen States which Toted
for Buchanan nearly half a ceutury
ago have been steadfast In their Dem
ocratic allegiance. Illinois and Penn
sylvania switched to the other side In
the very next contest; the former has
been Democratic but once since that
time, ami Pennsylvania never. Mary-
In
and. In ISTnk voted for a 'thtrd-par-
ty
candidate." Fourteen new voters
have become of age" since 183C Of
these only Minnesota has been steadi
ly Republican In the Presidential elec
tions. None has been Invariably Dem
ocratic, although West Virginia voted
or Tllden In 1870. and for every sub
sequent Democratic candidate down
to Bryan. A group of these States
which are west of the Missouri have
been Republican except when the sil
ver Issue was uppermost It la often
sserted that state-lines are fading,
and In some respects this Is true. But
each Presidential contest rolls
round, these units of government will
assert their Individuality so long as
the present electoral system prevails.
Ever since the world began some
wives have been the making of their
husbands and some other wives the
ruin of theirs. Also there have been
some philosophers to see In the mar
riage Institution the highest good of
life and some cynics to condemn nil
marriage. It Is from a different point
of view than these that Cloudesley
Brereton approaches the ever new
subject In the columns of the London
Times. He has convinced himself by
what he considers to be an Inductive
process that marriage in the present
day Is a serious handicap to men, and
he draws the conclusion that If women
don't cense making It a handicap the
bankruptcy of marriage and the con
sequent end of all things social Is In
Immediate sight To begin with, Mr.
Brereton describes to us "the Increas
ing exigencies of the modern married
women." That means the wife Is en
larging her demands on her husband's
time, energy and money. She spends
too much, because she wants to start
in life' where her parents left off, and
nothing we know can withstand tha
Importunities of the woman with a
purpose. Tnen, "even lr noncet jonn
has been all day between the shafts,
he must be bridled and saddled for the
evening, and often for the afternoon
as well." In otherwords, he must go
to parties and balls. By and by he gets
pneumonia, "and his wife's vanity and
selfishness were largely responsible for
the Blmple complaint carrying him
off." It would seem as though that
were the end of the husband. Yet Mr.
Brereton in his next sentence an
nounces: "But the Impost that the
Benedict of to-day must carry doe3
not end there." We expect to be taken
to the nether world, but we are wrong.
Mr. Brereton simply moves onward to
the woes of husbands in "lower"
social classes. We are shown how
hard It is for the "assistant secondary
master" or for the "shop assistant"
to get a Job if he has a wife, and how
Impossible it Is for a laboring man
with a large family to find a home
and a livelihood. Clearly this Is all the
woman's fault. Even a masculine dec
laration of independence won't help,
for that would only hasten the ruin of
society. Mr. Brereton Implies that he
knows the remedy, but he has not
space In his letter to tell. While we
are waiting for him it would be Inter
esting to hear from Mrs. Brereton if
there be one or, at any rate, from a
feminine Coludesley.
Learning a Boy's Ago.
While the agent was selling farm
machinery at the house, the friend at
the gate held his horse, and a conver
satlon took place with the small boy
of the family.
With grave Incredulity, he was say
Ing: "Are you sure you are only nine
years old? I think there must be some
mistake."
The boy was positive; but to make
sure: "Mar he called. "Ain't I Just
nine years old?"
"Yes, son."
After a time he ventured: "Say, mis
ter, what made you think I was more
than nine years old?"
"Why," suld the stranger, "I couldn't
understand how you could get so dirty
In nine years."
In His Line.
"He's become very pompous and ex
elusive since he came In for his for
tune."
"Well?"
"Why, he was nothing but a hum
ble gardener before."
"Well, then, It's natural enough for
him to go In for haughty-culture, Isn't
it?" Philadelphia Ledger.
Too Talkative.
"Went to the mountains on your va
cations? Why, Gassaway told me you
were going to the seashore."
"Yes, I'd like to strangle that fellow,
I told him I preferred the seashore,
and he mentioned it to my wife; so, of
course, we went to the mountains."
Philadelphia Press.
Somehow the gllbness with which a
friend lies for you, makes you uneasy
regarding his word ever after.
The biggest fool in town never holds
the title more than four or five yars.
I l t.lV : , ajacspu
In tha Wood.
"You can't judge of men while they
live In civilized communities," said the
old guide, as we sat round the camp-
tire. "Civilisation Is only skin-deep
with a lot of men, and the savage
Conies out when they get back to the
woods. There Is no place to test what
Is really In a man like the forest. Then
you learn whether he Is really a civil
ized man. or has been held up to an
artificial standard by the average of
life about him.
"l have a pretty good chanco to
measure men. They come here every
summer to camp, and every fall to
hunt, aud I look after several parties
each season. It would surprise you to
know how much difference it makes In
men, inside as well as out, to get off
their store clothes and live In the
woods. Some religious men, too, as
well as the rest; you'd never suspect
the reputation they nave at home. I've
sort of made up iny mind that some of
them have to be so good the rest of
the year they don't know any way to
get a vacation but to be more or less
wicked. For It's a man's real self that
comes out here. He knows that he's
away from his own people, and In fact
away from all people who would be
any restraint, aud If he's got anything
coarse and mean and low In hi in, It's
pretty sure to come out But If a man
has any real religion, here's where
you'll find It out, too.
"I had a party season before last
that surprised me. Pleasant surprise
It was, too. Not that I'd expected any
thing bad of them, but they hadn't
said anything about their religion, and
no one else had, and all I knew was,
they were a company of rich men com
ing up here for two weeks' fishing.
Well, they were about the Jolllest
crowd you ever saw middle-aged nieu
most of them, with one or two young
fellows. They had plenty of money,
and the best was none too good. I
looked for a high old time.
"Well, they had It, but nothing out
of the way. Every night they had a
camp-fire, same as this, and gathered
round and told stories, and laughed till
you'd think they could hear them to
Minneapolis. But not a swear-word,
you understand, and not a story that
wasn't all right Just fun, that was
all. There was no whisky, either.
"Along about 10 o'clock Mr. Crandall
he's a big banker or railroad man
or something he said to his son, 'Phil,
you know more Bible than some of us;
just repeat a psalm before we go to
bed.' And the young fellow repeated
one, and they all sat quiet. Then the
old gentleman said, 'Now we can all re
peat the twenty-third psalm.' And
they did it all together. I'd heard It
a good many times, but it never sound
ed quite the same as it did then. I
learned it by heart hearing them say
it, and used to say it with them, for
that was what they did every night
"There was no preaching, you under
stand; they weren't preachers. They
just sat round and had their good
time, and then before they went to
bed they did that same way every
night, repeated a psalm, or one of
them would read It by the camp-fire,
and then they would all say that psalm
together, and then good night All day
they bad their fishing, and In the even
lng their fun.
"Well, sir, when they went awa I
felt as If I had been among Christians,
sure enough; and I've kept up the
habit of saying that psalm every night.
They made me feel, somehow, that I'd
like to have more religion myself. I
take It that a good test of having re
llgion is to make men who see you
want some like it." Youth's Compan
ion.
A Literary Critic on the Bible.
Praise of the Bible as an English
claslc has become trite; yet It Is al
ways opportune, for one generation
does not always reverence the opin
ion of a prior one. Edmund Gosse,
the eminent English critic, has Just
written to the Bible Soclely of Eng
land a most cordial letter, In which he
snys of the Bib!e:
"It would be Impertinent for me to
praise the English Bible, and needless
to dwell upon its value as a model of
noble language. But since you offer
me this opportunity I should like to
insist on the Importance to those who
are muuiuuim mwiiu wen or reading
the Bible aloud. It is a book tht)
beauty of which appeals largely to
the ear. By one of those almost
miraculous chances which attended
upon the birth of this Incomparable
version, each different part of It seems
to have fallen to a man appropriately
endowed for that fragment of the
task. The gospels, for Instance, vibrate
with the tender and thrilling melody
of stringed Instruments; in the narra
tions of the Old Testament and In tho
Psalms we find a wider orchestra, and
the sliver trumpet predominates.
When young men, therefore, ask me
for advice In the formation of a pros
style I have no counsel for them ex
cept this: Read aloud a portion of the
Old and another of the New Testa
ment as often a you possibly can."
Unrecognised turtle.
Self sacrifice at Its bet seeks no
recognition. It is content with having
done Its work. But many who give
up much for others seem unwilling to
thluk the aacrtAce complete unt 1 some
notice has been taken of it. True self-
sacrifice does not at all concern Itself
with returns. It rather rejoices In the
unknown service and the unheralded
act of snendlug for others with no
thought of self. To thoo who have
this spirit the world turns for help
and strength. It Is of one such
these that Whlttlcr wrote:
A full rich nature, free to trut,
Truthful and almost stonily Just,
mm
mm i
ImpuNive, earnest, prompt to set,
nd make her generous thought 'a "fact,
Keeping with many a li'at di'ul
The secret of elr-acritice.
Sunday School Times.
Itow to Kcaclt the Maura.
A young clergyman from the South
west sought an opening In St. Louis,
and was told by the head of his de
nomination that there was none, ex
cept "possibilities" In certain neglect
ed parts of the city. "If I can find a
house for my family," said the new
comer, "I will begin preaching youder
among that unchurched cluster of
working folk." A house was provided,
a tent was set up for the young man
to preach In, and In six weeks
preaching nights and Sundays, and
making house-to-house calls during the
day he gathered a Sunday school of
a hundred and a membership of sixty
for a new church. To that dismal old
query, "How shall we reach the
masses?" this man has found the only
answer: Go to them.
KecpltlK Still.
Many a good man whose life has
had In It a good deal of trouble and
opposition would have saved much If
he had learned In his childhood the
lesson of keeping still. If the hnrd
word hurts It will not make It easier
to make an angry reply. If you do
not answer at all, It stops right there;
If your tonguo cannot be restrained
nobody knows what the result may be.
You will find again and again that
the way to keep out of trouble Is to
keep still.
ROBERT FULTON'S BIRTHPLACE.
Struggle Renewed to fluy It In Lan
caster, I'u.-Monej la Wanted.
In order to commemorate the name
and preserve the historic birthplace of
Robert Fulton, who perfected the first
steamboat, Hugh R. Fulton of Lan-
caRter, Pa., representing a number of
prominent citizens. Is again making ev-
ery effort to raise by subscription
enough money to purchase tho proper
ty Fulton House, In Fulton Town
ship where tho great American In
ventor was born.
Harvey and Joseph Smith, who own
the Fulton property, have completed
arrangements to build a new house on
the site, but have agreed to wait sev
eral weeks before beginning the work
of tearing down this historic landmark
as It now stands, and have offered to
sell the place for $2,000. Several men
of Lancaster County and a grandson of
Fulton In New Y'ork favor the preser
vatlou of the property, because of .Its
historic value, and are willing to Join
In the purchase of the property as a
memorial.
Robert Fulton was the first man sue
cessfully to apply steam to navigation,
though a steam engine was Invented
by James Watt, a Scotchman, some 35
years before Fulton's successful trip
on the Hudson River with the Cler
mont What Watt did was simply to
Improve upon the clumsy steam engine
of Newcomen, which had been In use
for more than half a century.
Of the early attempts to apply steam
to navigation, one was by a man whol
ly unknown and unheard of at that
time, William Henry, a gunsmith of
Lancaster. About 17(13 he made an en
glne from models he had seen while In
England, and this he attached to a boat
with paddles. The experiment which
followed took place on Conestoga
Creek, near Lancaster, but it did not
prove successful.
When a number of prominent men
selected discussed as to which Amer-
lean inventor's name should be en -
rolled at the Hall of Fame, the name
of Robert Fulton received the largest
number of votes. He was a hero of
peace and the American people should
preserve his birthplace. Philadelphia
Record.
Mistake of a Western Surgeon
Clarence Douglass, of Muskogee, la
poking fun at Clark Moore's radium
water and tells this story: Recently a
patient, while shaving himself, sliced
off the end of his noso, and very nat
urally dropped the razor, which In fall
ing cut off one of his big toes. A local
surgeon bandaged hlin up, but In the
excitement of the moment bound the
end of the toe to the nose wound, and
put the nose where the toe ought to be,
The mistake was not discovered for
removed;a'n(i Dy that time, thanks to
th wondcrfui curative Dowers of the
radium water, perfect union had taken
place and both wounds were found to
1 1 S lJt mi 1 .
Hw -
be oompieteaiy neaieu. aub oniy in
convenience the patient now experl
ences is trimming the toenail on the
end or nis nose ana rasing on nis snoe
when he wants to sneeze. Kansas
City Time.
Btill Holds True.
Phlloa Nothing was made In vain.
Inquls What was the vermiform
appendix made for?
Phllos For the benefit of the sur
geon, Detroit Free Press.
J 73 isSsaS
Two-Row Corn CwtUr.
A subscriber of lowa Homestead
ends that Journal a sketch of a con-
tenlent two-row corn witter. He says
tot t.l..l. I Iim m mn
ft imuft it iiuua raiiri iimu m -
cutter. I used this bome-mau corn
- - .
cutter one season and It works to per
fection. I ue a 4x4 for an axle, and
bolt a 2x4 to this axle two and one-
n"" ,0 ,urr wt apart, and let It run
out twelve Inches on the rear side.
Hoard this over for a platform. For
runners at the front end I took run
ners from an old Keystone planter
and fastened them from th bottom
CXIBM CCTTlH.
o as to have them run about six or
seven Inrhes from the rows of com.
For knives, I took two blades off an
old stalk cutter. The platform may
be either nailed or bolted down. Tbo
wheels are old planter wheels. On the
table I have a buck fastened to the
platform so one can sit or lean npon
it when tired. Below this I had a pall
large enough to hold ball of binder
twine. As soon as I have an armful
of corn It Is comprened with the de
vice shown and tied ready for putting
In the shock."
Knowledge lucraaaea Crop.
During the pnst twenly-flve years
the Increase In the yield of grain crops
In Denmark per acre hss been over
11 per cent for barley, 17 per cent for
ots, 23 per cent for' wheat Potatoes
have Increased f9 per ceut In yield per
cre. Danish authorities cred t the lu
crease largely to government Instruc-
dons and teaching In the best meth
ods of agriculture. The Hungarian
government also Is coming to the front
In Its encouragement of agriculture.
The state Institutions Includo a great
academy for the higher branches of
agriculture, four farm colleges, twen
ty-one village farm schools, and win
ter schools for farmers, a great agri
cultural museum and eighty model
farms. Twenty-five state orchard
have been established, and during the
past three years 878,000 grafted
stocks and over two million seedlings
have been distributed. Hungarian
agriculture has grown at a surprising
rate, the export of poultry and eggs
having Increased 80 per cent In five
years, and dairy products navmg
gained at an even larger rate.
Mak tha Cows Comfortable,
Most farmers think they know how
to care for their cows without tha ad
vice of anyone, and the majority of
them do glv them food and shelter,
but there- are many mor llttl com
forts which cost but a trifle, but which
go far toward Increasing the value of
the milk production. Sunshine, what
little ther is In winter, Is as welcome
to animals as to th human family,
and the man who will contrive to glv
his cows all the sunshine possible will
bav better-natnrea cows ana more
milk. Then see to It that all cracks
and crevices through which drafts of
air can come are closed. It Is not
meant that ventilation be dispensed
with by any means, but simply that
drafts ar shut out Mak th beds
heavy with straw and keep th stalls
elean; then with a wU-rntllated and
sunny stable and something to chew
Ion between regular meals, th cow
will be happy and comfortable, and
will surely repay you by a fuller milk
pall
EflsrVtah Farmara Quit Grain Baiting.
The area devoted to the wheat crop
.ru4lji
0
in Great Britain has decreased about Congress. Special attention Is to be
thirteen per cent as compared with given to horses, of cavalry and car
last year. The barley crop also shows rlag types, for which purpose the ex
a decrease In acreage. A part of the porlment farm at Fort Collins, Col., la
land withdrawn from wheat and bar-
ley has been devoted to th oat crop,
but th total acreage of all three crops
Is the lowest recorded sine th official
returns were first issued thlrty-slx
7 a- ond ,ta1" acre ,e" th
last year's total. Borne of th land
withdrawn from the grain crops has
Deen aevoiea to specialties, sucn as
fruits, flowers and vegetables, while
other areas have been turned Into
Prk9' Parage and mowing.
f CCUIU VUUU11UCII IBS
jf there any value in feeding red
Depper to fowls It is mainly In fur-
ST Br
- nuing a seasoning to th food which
- mkht otherwise b flat and in this
way stimulating th appetite. Chopped
onioni wm bav th sam effect and
ar certainly better for th fowls than
too much pepper. Th red pepper, In
moderate quantities, Is good for the
moulting hens, acting as a stimulant
and strengthening their rather deplet
ed vitality, but the pepper should not
be made a regular part of the ration,
lit 1 not only unnecessary when th
ration consists of good grains la rarv
ty, bat is actual! harmful If much
ef It U fed.
Vhacktag Coraw
On of th great objection! farmer
Lav to harvesting corn foJdr Is, that
th grain la seriously damaged by th
operation. Id fact, thsy aay oftntlma
It will not icrmlnsU, and Is always
mor or less chaffy, light In weight.
and otherwise not equal to corn per
mitted to remain In th tUtd, or until
after several frosts. A casual lam
ination of th way th shocks ar
made on many farms would convince
on that complaints made about get
ting an Inferior grata might be i peel
ed, for the shock will not turn water.
will not let water that happens to get
In to the shock out quickly, and Is, In
ti.rt ao much on th ground that It Is
practically wet all the time. It Is not
a difficult task so to handle Imth fod-
der and corn as to have a One forago
from lite fodder and still aeeur the
grain that Is In every way equal to
standing grain.
The corn crop Is often cut too green.
Frequently th stalk becomes brown.
the blades turning yellow and the ear
still soft and full of sap. In such In
stances the cutting should be slow,
putting up quarter and half shock
over the entire area, giving th Inside
renter of the shock an opportunity to
dry. then later finish the shock. Wher
the corn binder Is used the harvesting
should b such as to sav th fodder
with as little damage to th corn a
possible. This requires Judgment.
Then In shocking set four bundles In
the four corners made by the horse,
tie them tightly near th top, remove
horse and place a bundle on each of
the four sides In the center. This
leaves a corner between tho four bun
dles so located that It may be mad
to contain two bundles each. When
the center bundles are placed around
the first four eight bundles are up ami
the shock Is one-half finished. Fill
ing between with two bundles make
tho shock, which contains sixteen bun
dles. The shock Is small, well bal
anced, and when drawn well together
near the top It la tied twice. Th bun
dles In such a shock may be set welt
apart at th bottom, permitting good
ventilation. The binder cuts such a
low stub that the ear In the shock I
high from the ground. In cutting by
hand the careless shocker usually cut
high stubs, then he throws the fodder
together. The high cutting causes the
ear on the stalk to be near the ground
or more probably on the ground, caus
ing serious damiiEe to the gra'n. Corn
fodder should be cut as low as possi
ble, that the grain tuny stand a good
distance from the ground while In th
shook. W. U. Anderson, Id Indianap
olis News.
Device for Holding Uoga.
ron noLDiito noos.
Th Illustration Is self-explaining,
and one can readily see how It Is con-
structed and used.
Farm Note.
Note th changes which you Intend
ed to make for next winter.
nave all live stock ready for market
before you market It
The appearance of things about th
house Is th first that attracts atten
tion, good or bad.
'Prepare to winter the young stock
well. Don't be afraid. People will
need beef next year the same as this.
Be that all necessary repairs are
made, not only upon the home build
ings, but upon th outbuildings also.
Winter Is coming.
If those March and April pigs had
clover and peas to run through th
summer they ar now Just about
ready for a corn diet
A cheery, comfortable family room
and plenty of good things to read roba
winter of about all of its terrors, ce
ments family ties and lays a founda
tion for pleasant memories In after
life.
The Department of Agriculture an
nounces its intention to go Into th
stock-raising business, using an appro-
prlatlon of $26,000 made by the last
to b used.
Poultry Picking.
On breed Is enough for the farmer.
Keep the fowls clean and their
houses clean.
Roup Is produced by a bad cold
being neglected.
If eggs for hatching are desired, use
2-year-old hens.
Granulated Is the form In which to
supply bone to poultry.
To make poultry business a success
It must have attention.
All perches should be on the sam
level, none higher than th others.
It is very essential that th poultry
house should be well ventilated.
Whole wheat Is an excellent food
for th hens, but should not b used
exclusively.
Bona meal contains lime and also
animal matter which is of value.
Th us of food is to sustain life
and maintain warmth and good condi
tion of body.