of the
HUBBARD ENTERPRISE
Wom an Figure W izard *
Scientists o f Europe are interested
In the case of a woman in a Welsh
hospital who can neither read nor
write but is a genius at mental arith­
metic. She can solve mathematical
problems in 30 seconds and is said to
never give an incorrect answer. She
also has a remarkable memory and
can recall a large number of historical
dates at will.
Presidential Medals
Count
Page 3
Knight’s Rest
Under Management of
JOHN MOORE
The Best Place to Eat on the
Pacific Highway
it
The first Presidential medal, or In­
dian peace medal, was issued in 1789.
¡The design on the reverse side of the
coin, representing hands clasped and
axes crossed, bearing the words “ Peace
and Friendship,” is the regular design
for the Presidential medal. These med­
als were originally presented to vari­
ous Indian tribes as a symbol of
friendship.
M . H . HOSTETTLER
The Old Reliable
Auctioneer
Will cry your sales any time,
any place, anywhere, and any
kind of a sale«
Write for Dates and Terms
HUBBARD
t*l OREGON
Phone Needy 10-651
Quite a Family
jttf you could surround one pair of
normal bob-whites with every possible
¡protection from loss from any agency,
the net progeny w ould, be 9,000,000
in about /Seven. years. Surround one
pair o f robins with the same protec­
tion, and in fourteen years (the nor­
mal life of a robin) there would be
671,088,640.—Field and Stream Maga­
zine.
REAL ESTATE
OFFERINGS
12-acre equipped chick­
en farm for less than $4000.00
Wonderful 35-acre farm 8000.00
231 acres, per acre, only 100.00
10H acres finest of
places, with every­
thing ______________6500.00
10 acres, buildings, only 2500.00
57 acres, equipped, close
In, on pavement.__$13,500.00
Counted Out
1 Little Betty Ann, age four, was sit­
tin g at the table where also sat her
¡grandmother and Jimmy, age ten, as
[guests. Betty Ann and Jimmy were
¡both very fond of pie and as there
‘was one piece left from the preceding
lmeal, Betty Ann exclaimed: “ Ah, it’s
just too bad there is only one piece,
now Jimmy can’t have any.”
C. M . CRITTENDEN
Hubbard, Oregon
Helium Production
In producing helium, thé helium-
bearing gas is côoled to ..about 300 de­
grees below zero, at which all of the
constituents of the gas except the
¡helium are reduced to liquid, and the
helium gas is then drawn off and com-
i pressed into tank cars or steel cylin-
: ders for shipment.
Best A g e for Learrdng
! Experiments conducted by Dr. E. L.
j Thorndike, professor of psychology at
!the California university, have shown
that men and women learn most easily
¡and rapidly between the ages o f thir-
1 ty and forty, when mentality and
physique are at their best.
W ould Be Interesting
1.. What we would like to tarry here
ia while longer to see is what kind of
¡excuses the third generation will find
ffor building fine monuments over our
neglected resting-places and bragging
¡about having us for ¿ancestors.—Fort
¡Worth Record-Telegram.
W heels Vary in Speed
i The bureau o f standards says that
¡when an automobile is making a turn
(the outside real wheel travels faster
¡than the Inside wheel. The differ-
[ential gears take up the difference in
¡distance traveled by the inside and
¡outside wheels.
Many Marmalades
The word “ marmalade” comes from
[the Portuguese marmelada, meaning a
(quince jam. The modem conserve is
!not necessarily made from quinces, as
¡the name suggests, being often a jam
! o f oranges, apricots, greengage, plums
or grapes.
A Stair Chest
§
• The first stair / step upstairs or
downstairs makes a fine receptacle
when hinged, either in the cellar, the
hall or in going to the attic. Use,va
spring hinge so that the step will al­
ways snap shut.—Your Home Maga­
zine. ,
"
Recipes for Matrimony
Recipes .¿re all well enough for cook­
ing, says a fT 7 oman observer ^iirWorh*
an’s Home Companion, but it is court­
ing failure to ftj try ■ to live one’s own
life^and oiie’s husband’s according to
recipe or pattern.
ASSURED TREATMENT
Write today for FREE book describing the Dr.
C. J. Dean famous non-surgical method o f treat*
"
ing Piles and other Rectal and
Colon ailments, which we use
exclusively. Also gives details o f
our WRITTEN ASSURANCE
T O E L I M I N A T E P IL E S ,
n o m atter how
\REFUND P A T IE N T S F E E .
sevepe, OR
■DEAN \
RECTAL
COLON CLINIC
P O R T L A NÌÉl
S E A T T L E
D E A N B L G . - 5 T.H û M A I N
O p p o .l t « C O U R T ^ H O USJC
P A P ~ E R *^ W H CÑ
W E W TTQN
T H IS
W R lT l N O
Cleaning
ball or the Fourth of July or Thanks­
giving day. For Elkanah Watson was
the “father” of the county fair and it
was due tc his persistence in promoting
his idea more than a hundred years
ago that rural America, and. especial­
ly the youth of rural América, can
look forward each year to “ going to
the fair.” Insofar as the county fair
is an institution which had a partic­
ular-appeal to rural America, it is in­
teresting to note that its founder was
a city man. For such was the case, and
it was a man, tired of city life, who
retired to the country at the age of
fifty years to enjoy “ rural felicity”
and, failing to find it, conceived the
idea which: resulted in the first real
county fair.
Now, the idea of a fair itself is not
exactly a new one. Fairs have been
employed in Asiatic countries from
-time immemorial for the purpose of
bringing traders and customers togeth­
er for an exchange of their commod­
ities. The great distances to be cov­
ered by the Asiatic merchant with his
slow caravans, the sparsity of popula­
tion; except in the cities, and the wide
differences in language, religion and
social and trade customs made a fair
a necessity of commerce, especially
among barbaric and semibarbaric peo­
ples. Even in the European countries
where fairs have been held for hun­
dreds of years they were essentially
affairs of barter and trade. So it
remained for America, where the com­
petitive spirit is so marked, to give
the idea of a fair a new meaning and
to make it an exchange of ideas, rath­
er-than an exchange of goods.
The first fairs of any sort held in
this country were those sponsored by
Dutch governors when New York was
New Amsterdam, but they were
modeled bn the European plan. In
1641 Governor Kieft established two
fairs in New Amsterdam, one on Oc­
tober I d “ for cattle generally,” and
the other oñ November 1 for hogs. In
1648 there was also held in the Dutch
cplopy, late in August and at the be-
gipjptng of September, a Dutch “ ker-
mess” which was strictly commercial,
.wh^e the burghers met to exchange
’ Commodities. .The custom was con­
tinued even under English rule and
v iv ía te as 1676 had the sanction of
tíov. Édrímnd Andres.
But the county fair of today is not
a lineal descendant of the Dutch “ker-
mess,” 'although it may resemble it in
some ~of its features. It grew out of
’¡the interest in agriculture which be­
gan to manifest itself early in the
history o f the new nation. The leaders
- of that time, such men as Washing­
ton and Jefferson, were farmers and
farming was the most important bust
ness in the country.v Between 1785
and 1792 agricultural societies sprang
into being in Pennsylvania, Maine,
New York, Massachusetts and South
Carolina as evidence of the organized
interest in agriculture. These societies
began offering prizes for superior farm
products but they held no fairs or
exhibitions and really did but little
to stimulate better farm production.
The principal interest seems to have
beerí in live stock and in 1804 and
1805 three live stock exhibitions were
held in Washington. At the second
one members of congress began to take
an interest and subscribed half of the
$100 fund which was raised and dis­
gZJsm A K -it& ZJozr
tributed as prizes for “ the best lamb,
sheep, steer, . milch cow, jack, oxen
and horses actually sold.” In 1809 the
Columbian Agricultural society was
organized in Washington and held an
exhibition in the city o f Georgetown
nearby. But . this was not the sort of
thing that appealed to the average
farmer of the day for it was more or
less a society event and, as some one
has said, “ Its , attendance list reads
more like the social register, headed
by the President o f the United States
and his lady and^the cabinet mem-
bers.” ...... ^
,^ ¿ 4 ■
It remained f6r Elkanah Watson to
originate a fair in which the com­
mon farmer would be interested be­
cause he could feet that he had a real
part in it. Who he was and how he
did this is ‘described in the volume
“ Toilers of Land And : Sea,” in the
Yale Uiiiversity Press “ Pageant of
America,” as follows:
Elkanah Watson was not among the
founders of the Eighteenth century
school o f agricultural experimenters
and writers, but he was its most dis­
tinguished pupil. As a business man,
he had traveled along the Atlantic sea­
board and in Europe. :> . . In 1807
he gave up commerce and took up
farming at Pittsfield, Mass. During the
next four years he made his contribu­
tion to the development of American
agriculture. By 1811 he had completed
the organization of ¡the Berkshire Agri­
cultural society.
Watson wrote in 1820: “ In the fall
o f 1807 I procured the first pair of
merino sheep that had appeared in
Berkshire, if not in the state. . . .
I was induced to notify an exhibition
o f these two sheep under; the great
elm in the public square in Pittsfield
on a certain day. ¡Many farmers and
even females were excited by curiosity
to attend this first novel and humble
exhibition. It was by this lucky acci­
dent I reasoned thus: ‘If two animals
are capable o f .exciting so much at­
tention, what would be the effect of a
larger scale, with larger animals?’ The
farmers present responded to my re­
marks with approbation. We became
acquainted and from that day to the
present, agricultural societies, cattle
shows, and all in connection therewith
have predominated in my mind^’
The Berkshire Agricultural society
was founded in 1811. The principles
on which it was based proved pop­
ular. Slowly at first,, then more and
more rapidly the Berkshire system
spread until it reached west into the
new states o f Indiana and Illinois and
f even penetrated the southern cotton
kingdom. Unlike its predecessor, the
agricultural societies , of Philadelphia
and New York, it was an organization
o f the common farmer. In its time it
served his interests well.
Watson was a ¡¡student of human
nature. The purpose iof the organization
was to hold each year an exhibition
o f the best handiwork and the best
products of the farmers of the locality.
Prizes were awarded for pre-eminence
in farm animals and crops, and In
butter, cheese and ¡cloth made in the
home. At the end of the exhibition came
the general assembly in the largest
village church. Here amid impressive
ceremonies, th e; honors were distrib­
uted, each prize accompanied by a
certificate of distinction which, hand­
somely framed, held a place of honor
on the wall of the farmer’s parlor.
Watson’s greatest problem was to
arouse the active interest of the ladies
in these exhibitions.;; The diplomatic
shifts to which he and others re­
sorted in order to win over the coun­
try women, unaccustomed to activities
outside their own .homes and fearful
o f arousing comment by appearing in
a public competition, were finally
everywhere triumphant. At the end of
j the general assembly came the “ pastor
al ball.” The whole plan was a skill­
ful blend of competition, social inter­
course and dignified formality.
For twelve years Watson labored
endlessly to “put his idea across.” By
1819, with the, aid of Governor Clin­
ton of New York, he bad induced the
legislature of that state to pass an
annual appropriation of $10,000 to aid
the new societies and from that time
on the idea spread rapidly. And, as
the writer in the “ Pageant of Amer­
ica,” previously quoted, says:
The direct descendant o f Watson’ s
Berkshire system is the “ county fair.**
Unlike the ancient fairs o f Europe or
those of early colonial days its cen­
tral purpose is not to facilitate ex­
change and sale but to exhibit the best
products and handiwork of the locality
and to stimulate improvement by offer­
ing prizes. Horse races and a host
of other attractions have added to its
interest and excitement. From one day
it has grown to three and four. Coun­
try folk drive in from miles around
to look at the stock in their sheds and
the produce on exhibition In the fair
house and to watch the demonstration
of improved machinery. The m erry-go-
round plays its strident tunes, the Fer­
ris wheel swings round its lofty cir­
cuit, the barkers for the side shows
bawl of the mysteries or the amuse­
ments within their tents. Yards of the
inevitable taffy are consumed ag ac­
quaintances from distant corners of
the county meet and gossip and sepa­
rate in the everchanging crowds that
move over the grounds. It has be-
coipe the farmer’s carnival—-far re­
moved indeed from that first exhibition
when Watson displayed his two merino
sheep under the elm tree. In the Twen­
tieth century the automobile has again
brought changes. Farmers come from
the. distant counties and with them
crowds of city people. The fair is no
longer merely a farmer’s institution.
Today it is estimated that there are
more than 3,000 agricultural fairs held
annually in this country, including
the town, county, state, national and
international exhibitions. Some spe­
cialize in live stock, some in dairy
products, some in poultry, some in
bees, in garden truck and others in
field crops. But the greater part of
them are the general county fairs
which are held in August and Septem­
ber. Most of them now are in the
Middle West, for New England, where
the fair originated, has lost its lead­
ership in number and importance of
its fairs. But even though modern con­
ditions have changed the county fair
in many respects, essentially it is the
same as it has tbeen for the last^half
century or more. For this institution
has an appeal which no other annual
event in American life has and
nothing ever can or likely will take
its place. So the next time you spend
a day at the county fair and enjoy
the pleasures which only it can fur­
nish, just give a thought for a mo­
ment to that “ Yankee of Yankees who
was born within rifle shot of Plymouth
Rock,” Elkanah Watson, and be grate­
ful that he was willing to spend twelve
years of his life popularizing an idea
which won for him the title of “father
of the county fair.”
Plan Beautiful Lake
An artificial lake, three square
miles in extent, and as beautiful in
its surroundings as any natural lake
in the country, is part of the North
Wales scheme for providing electric
power. |
Pressing
PANTORIUM
519 Main Street
OREGON CITY
Phone 185
“Patronize the Ex-Serviceman”
Dyeing
Hats Blocked
W ork Guaranteed
If you desire leave
your work at the Hubbard
Enterprise office and we
will call for it and deliver
to your residence.
Our patrons in Hubbard
will vouch for our work.
WOOD
Old Fir
2nd Growth Fir
Ash Hardwood
Reasonable Prices
Delivered Anywhere
JULIUS OBERG
Route 2, Hubbard, Oregon
MOTHER
HUBBARD
BRAND
(fid Mother Hubbard
Went to the cupboard
And then began to stutters
Never leave this empty
I always want plenty
Of Hubbard Creamery Butter
THE
HUBBARD CREAM ERY
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