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56
14 A
MONDAY. DECEMBER 31), 19S3
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON
IPTTTP
CIVIL WAR
Grant Boomed for Presidency
By MERTON T. AKKI1S
United Press International
To those looking for signs and
portents it seemed symbolic
when on a keenly cold day in
December 1803 the bronze head
and shoulders of Armed Liberty
were placed on its metallic body
atop the dome of the Capitol in
Washington.
The 19'k foot goddess had
lain in pieces on the Capitol
grounds (or years while the
dome was being built. Rain,
snow, sleet and the summer
sun had beaten against the
prostrate goddess.
President Lincoln was criti
cized for continuing work on
I the Capitol. Extravagance in
I wartime, many said.
But Lincoln thought not.
I He told John Eaton of Toledo,
I Ohio, that "if people see the
Capitol going up, it is a sign
j we intend the Union shall go
j on."
i Crowd Cheered
I So when the massive head
' and shoulders were hoisted into
place liy a sUnder cable that
day and the goddess stood com
plete looking down on Washing
ton the crowd cheered and a
"UP ,
battery of artillery fired a sa
lute of 35 guns one for every
state in the Union. Thirty-five
guns in the Capitol's defending
forts answered.
It required no mystic to note
a gayer President when on New
Year's Day 1864 doors of the
White House swung open to ad-
j mit the usual crowd of well
l wishers.
"Mr. Lincoln was in excellent
spirits," Ben Policy Poorc, a
newspaperman wrote, "giving
each passerby a cordial greet
ing and a warm shake of the
hand, while for others there
was a quiet joke."
Poore noted that for the first
lime in 20 months since Willie
Lincoln had died Mrs. Lincoln
had laid aside mourning dress.
Wears Lace Necktie
Mrs. Lincoln wore "purple
silk, trimmed with black velvet
and lace, a lace necktie fas
tened with a pearl pin, a white
plume topping her headdress,"
Poore reported. j
The President had some rea-1
son for being in excellent spir- j
its. I he just-over year of 1863
had been the best of the war
for Union arms and his admin-,
istration.
He could count three big mili
tary victories against two de
feats.
fiettysburg had been fairly
won and Gen. Robert E. Lee's
Army of Northern Virginia driv
en back into its home stale
Vicksburg and Port Hudson
! had fallen and the Mississippi
! River now was a Union stream.
The federal defeat at Chan
ccllorsville had been canceled
by Gettysburg and the sting of
Chickamauga salved away by
Missionary Ridge.
One editor, J. T. Fields of At-
lantic Monthly, saw the dawn of
j '64 as "the beginning of the
j end."
I "Our improved condition
jshould be attributed to the true
case," he wrote. "We have
been saved by 'the mighty hand
j of God.' Whether we had the
right to expect Heaven's aid,
iwe cannot undertake to say;
j but we know we should have
i not deserved it had we . . .
J shed blood and expended gold
: in order to store the system of
slavery and the sway of slave
, holders."
j Then too, Republican and Un
ion candidates had won decisive
ly in the '63 elections. The poli
tical front seemed safe, until
the '64 elections at least.
Worried About Reelection
But Lincoln was worried
about reelection in '64.
Secretary of Treasury Salmon
P. Chase seemed to be the
front runner. He attended the
Mew Year's reception and
seemed "perplexed, balancing
chances, for the next presiden
cy," Poore wrote.
Another name which had giv
en Lincoln pause was that of
Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant,
conaueror of Vicksburg
Immediately after the fall of
Vicksburg politicians began to
pepper Grant with requests to
let his name be used in the '64
conventions. Grant was as
sumed to be a Democrat, his
only known presidential vote
having been cast for James Bu
chanan in 1856.
Grant brushed aside all of
fers. The Ohio Democratic Central
' Committee Chairman, B. Burns
wrote to Grant Dec. 7 that the
general was "the man to whom
the affairs of this great nation
should be committed at the
close of the present incumbent's
term of office."
Grant replied Dec. 17:
"... I am not a candidate
for any office nor for any fa
vors of any party ...
To a friend in St. Louis the
general repeated that he was
not a candidate and added "but
I would like to be mayor of Ga
lena (Galena, 111., his home
town) long enough to fix the
sidewalks, especially the one
leading to my house."
Grant for President
Anti-administration newspa
pers took up the Grant-for-Pres-ident
cry, especially the New
York Herald. By New Year's
Grant copy was appearing ev
ery day.
The question of Giant's can
didacy was giving Lincoln no
trouble. He already had run it
down.
In the summer he had sum-
225,000 Rural Phones Added
moned J. Russel Jones, a Ga
lena man and then United
States marshal in Chicago.
Jones was a close friend of
Grant and kept in touch with
him.
Jones saw Lincoln one night
at the White House. Jones was
carrying a letter from Grant
saying he was busy suppressing
the rebellion and had no time
for politics. Jones handed the
letter to Lincoln.
"He read it with evident in
terest," Jones wrote. "When
he came to the part where
Grant said that it was impos
sible for him to think of the
presidency as long as there was
a possibility of retaining Mr.
Lincoln in the office he read
no further, hut arose, and, ap
proaching me, put his hand on
my shoulder and said:
"My son, you will never know
how gratifying that is to me.
No man knows, when the presi
dential grub gets to gnawing at
him, just how deep it will get
until he has tried it: and I
didn't know but what there was
one gnawing at Grant.' "
Talked About in Richmond
Grant was being talked about
in Richmond, too.
The impressionable Mary
Boykin (Mrs. James) Chestnut
wrote in her diary Jan. 1:
"... (Grant) is their right
man, a bull-headed Suwarrow.
(She referred to the Russian
General Alexander Vasilievich
Suwarrow or Suvarvo, who
showed no mercy and ate black
WASHINGTON (UPI) - The
Agriculture Deoarment s a v s
that $331.1 million in new
Rural Electrification Adminis
tration (REA) loans in the first
11 months of 106.1 maHp nnscihln
modern electric and telephone
facilities in the homes of an
additional 225,000 rural persons.
The department said the new
loans brought to more than $6
billion the cumulative total of
loans i n both programs. The
cumulative loans enabled rural
electric systems to serve an es
timated 5.7 million consumers,
and help telephone systems pro
vide all-dial service to 1.8 mil
lion subscribers.
REA electric loans during the
first 11 months of 1963 totaled
$254.5 million. Telephone loans
amounted to $76.6 million. The
electric loans were designed to
finance construction of 19.500
miles of line and related facil
ities. Of the electric loans made
during the first 11 months, 54.7
per cent were for generation
and transmission purposes. Dis
tribution loans amount to 44.9
ner cent. Consumer facility
loans accounted for less than 1
per cent.
bread with his troops.) He don't
care a snap if men fall like the
leaves fall; he fights to win,
that chap docs. He is not dis
tracted by a thousand side is
sues; he does not see them.
He's narrow and sure sees
only in a straight line . . . Yes,
as with Lincoln, they have
ceased to carp at him as a
rough clown, no gentleman, etc.
You never hear now of Lin
coln's nasty fun, only of his
wisdom. Doesn't take much to
wash the hands that the rod of
empire sway . . . Now since
Vicksburg they have not a word
to say against Grant's habits.
He has the disagreeable habit
of not retreating before irresis
tible veterans ..."
Englishman Fails
To See the Joke
BROMLEY, England (UPD
Firemen worked for an hour
Sunday to free Charles Ashby,
71, after he caught his hand in
a neighbor's chimney while try
ing to improve the draft.
"Dad didn't think it was very
funny," Ashby's daughter, Mar
jorie, said.
AIR TAXIS GAIN
NEW YORK (UPI)-Air taxi
traffic in the United States in
1963 ran 10 to 15 per cent ahead
of last year when the country's
180 air taxi operators carried
56,499 passengers to and from
airports, the National Air Taxi
Conference reports.
News About
Servicemen I
PROMOTED
David R. Spangler, son of
Mr. and Mrs. John S. Spangier,;
Route 1, Talent, has been pro
moted to first lieutenant in Ko;
rea where his is serving with
the 13th Enginaer Batallion. .
Lieutenant Spangler, com
mander of the battalion's Cam:
pany C at Camp Casey, entet
cd the Army in June, 1962
He is a 1958 graduate of Tal
ent High School and a 1962
graduate of the U. S. Military
Academy, West Point, N. Y. -
"Oil
To
Burn"
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THINGS GOING BETTER In late December, 1863, "Mr. Lincoln
was in excellent spirits." The war was going better, and for
Die first time since the death of their sons some 20 months ago
Mrs. Lincoln had laid aside her mourning dress. But Lincoln
was worried about re-eleclion in 1864. Mosl people thought that
Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase was the front-runner
for the nomination should it not go to Lincoln. Yet another name
which gave Lincoln pause was Gen. U. S. Gi ant, conqueror of ;
Vicksburg. Several limes during the month, Grant had said in
the press that he was not a candidate for the Presidency. The
nnti-Adminislrntion newspapers took up I hp Grant-for-Prcsidenl I
cry, and Lincoln had to listen. This photo, bum the Library of j
Congress collection, is ol Grunt, made several years later. (UPI) !
Your Money's
Worth
By SYLVIA PORTER
Crif M, Hill SrnOlciit, Inr.
IMPACT OK ENGLAND'S TAX CUTS
Now thai passage of I he $11 billion tax reduction bill is a vir
tual certainly in the next 60 to 90 days, Ihe urgent question many j
of you are asking is: will this massive effort lo expand spending
bv us and U.S. businessmen really slimulale our economy as pie
dicled? For villi! clues In what we can expect, I submit the experi
ence of England which this year put through n tux cut roughly
equivalent to what we're planning under economic-financial cir-:
cumslances strikingly similar to ours. To be specific: j
The United Kingdom budget of April, 13, reduced luxes in
England by around $1.7 billion on a full-year basis, equal to an
$11.7 billion tux cut here. This Is almost the lolnl of our annual
tax cut when Ihe reductions become fully effective in 1965. Bulb
individual and corporation income taxes were cut lo boost con
sumer spending and In ive businessmen direct incentives to I
Invest more in plants and equipment. This Is what we are going i
to do. Some oi Hie cuts went into effect immediately, some went
into effect July 1, others became effeclive slill laler. This slep-by-slop
approach is ours loo.
At the same time, the t'nitrri Kingdom IhicIrH Inn-raved
spending for her fiscal year 1961 bv 7'i per cent. The Increase
in frdrrnl government spending here will he much smaller
hut the trend is the same.
Britain's budget dellrit for her fiscal year lt Is eslimiiletl
at annul $1.9 billion, which Is almost SI t hlllinn In U.S. lei ins.
Our budget delieit will be nowhere near tills hill we're also
in the red.
Finally, she nil laves in spile of Hie fuel Dial she was spend
ing far more abroad than she was earning abroad in short,
running a precarious deficit in her balance of payments just as
we are running a deficit in our balance of payments.
The parallel is close indeed and (his goes for Ihe size and
the type of Ihe tax reductions. Ihe conditions under which the
move was made and Ihe objectives.
What, then, has happened in Kngland since April? Whnl has
happened is thai her economy has been gaining strength almost
from the day the lax cuts were annouiued. Once more, to be
specif ir:
Industrial pioduction in Kngland has climbed. Her oulpul ol
sleel is 11 per cent above the level of a year ago. Her index ol
industrial production i l!i."8 equals UHli is up lo 1215 against an
index sticking at 115 during all of vnxi.
Her industrial plains are now nperaluig at around 81 per cent
of capacity, up limn 70 per cent a year ago
Her unemployment rale has dropped from 2 7 per cent in
April lo 2.1 per cent now. Rclwrcn June and November, Ihe
number of wholly unemployed in Kngland fell 10 per cent, from
493,000 lo 44.1,000. Meanwhile, job vacancies in Kngland have
risen from 162.000 to 217.000.
Retail sales have increased afler a year of stagnation.
Her index of retail salrs (IWI equals mil) is up In toil com
pared will) an airraijc of luti during Ihe first six months of
litis year. Musi Impm-tHiil. leading Ihe rise are sales f durable
goods. Britain Is in a spectacular automobile boom of hrr
nun. with sales ol cars in September 18 per renl above sales
of a year ago.
Building has tinned up anil Ihe signs aie that British compa
nies arc about to respond to the direct invcsimcn! incentives nv
hiking their spending on new planls and modern equipment
This is no class-room, theoretical analysis of the impact of
lax cuts for individuals and corporations on a nation's economy
This is real-life stuff, what has actually been happening in
England.
On Wednesday, our economy enters its 35th month of sustained
advance, making this expansion the second longest nracelimr up
turn in the 110 years we have been recording business cycles in
the Unilcd Stales.
If this advance is to continue and is to be powerful enough
lo cre.ile Ihe jobs needed by our rapidly rising labor force, wo
must give it new stimulants, and tax cuts on Hie gicalesl scale
in our history lire what we're going In try. Will Ihey achieve what
we hope?
England's experience gives us Ihe impressive answer "Ihev
will."
L
im
til J tka j u
YE Jill 3
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ELBOW MACARONI MAJ0RtTTE 49c
CPFFQTr&KIF PCATHFC 2 A oo
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PICTSWEET ALL VARIETIES
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POTATO CHIPS
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