8 B-
MONDAY. Ill fcMBKR Hi, IM3
MliDKORD MAIL THIBUNE, MEDKORD. OREGON
The Problems of Automation --Part I
tit
in 1921 Unfolded Story of Median
BY IIAHKY FKHOUSOX
Lead PLAY!) Col lied
WASHINGTON (UPD- Pocls
and playwrights frequently are
years ahead of scientists in pre
dicting the shape of Ihinss to
come. In 1921 a play by Karel
Capck called "R.U.R. - Hos
urn's Universal Roberts" was
produced in Prague and unfold
ed the story of how an army
of mechanical men rebelled and
destroyed their creators.
II was not a sensational hit, i
largely because most people!
thought the idea of mechanical
men was so far fetched as to
be laughable. The robots in the
play had human form, intelli-.
gence. strength and memory,
but were devoid of feeling.
H "HUH were produced
today, few people would laugh.
The idea of machines doing the
work of human beings hits loo
l close to home for millions of
Farm Price Dispute
In Common Market
Remains Unsettled
A dispute over price s be
tween France and West uer
many I"1 coul1 W' I .
Son Market shows no solu-
tion in sight.
The crisis Acm hcn
Fiance and Germany, the m.u
rrtwomostpowerlulnat.ons
indicated they had no intention
of backing down.
In Paris, the cabinet endorsed
President Charles dc Gaul es
rrmlicd threat to quit He -m-Z'
Market if the six-nation
economic community (a s o
aRrcc on a joint farm policy by
Dec. 31. .
The cabinet sent Agriculture
Minister Edgard Pisani bock o
today's talks in Brussels with
firm instructions to insist on
the deadline.
IMy I)r tiaulle
rl,n-Mliir l.urlwig
in muni, -.,..,.
Erhard's cabinet confirmed its
defiance of Dc Gaulle's stand
by demanding lliat the Com
mon Market agree cn a mil led
stand at next year's world tar
iff talks at Ihe same time it
works out the farm price ques
tion. If Dc Gaulle pulls France mil
of the Common Market or boy
cotts its ministerial sessions,
the community could collapse
not only as a trailing bloc, but
as a force for carrying out the
dream of European unity.
Such a breakdown would also
leave Ihe market nations with
out an elleelive voice in Ihe Ge
neva tariff lalks next May,
crippling the lalks mid perhaps
choking Western economic
growth.
There appeared liHle. likeli
hood lhal agreement could lie
reached before II"' Common
Market foreign minisleis are
scheduled lo meet in Brussels
si ai ling Wednesday.
Want Low Prices
France, with Europe's l.ugcsl
fond prodiiclinn surpluses, is
pushing for a common (arm
policy based on low prices and I
small government subsidies. It
would like to give its farmers
more access lo food markets m
Germany and oilier market na
tions, llius raising farm income
and placating Ihe rebellious
French larmers.
This would also give France
a dominant position in Europe
Foreign Aid Bill
Again on Agenda
WASHINGTON (UPH - Con
gress today began what leaders
hope will lie final week of this
congressional .session conlionlcd
with the mauled loreign aid bill
Congress, which already has
authorized a $;i(i billion aid pro
gram to continue another Near
of economic and military help
to other nations, still mm-! ap
propriate the money. The House
Appropriations Committee has
approved a reduced tt billion i
appropriation bill that House
leaders were expected lo debate
today.
Despite plea- by Piesidenl
.liihnsoii and oilier g.iuM imicnt '
officials to restore binds to the
trimmed measure. Icailei s ap
parently planned no battle lo re
place the lnitiies .
The aillllllilstl a'loll oi igm.dly
had requested 51 .'i billion, but
Congress letusetl to authoi ie
mote than ;! t billion An
dr u' to restore Ihe nunc;, ap
piai cd hopeless to House li .id
ols who apparently have decid
cd lo coneenlrale on pn-vvntuig
further cuts during House de-bale.
on the basis of its agricultural
I and industrial wealth.
The German government
I would like lo keep ils farmer
I voters happy by continuing
present high (arm subsidies.
' Germany also wants to keep
: buying foodstufls from nations
; like Ihe United States, which
arc good customers for German
I industrial goods.
I The French want price regu
lations on beef, veal, rice and
dairy products completed by
Ihe end of the year, they also
want agreement on a single
common market farm fund to
replace national subsidies and
price support payments.
workers. The word lor it is "au
tomation" and it is a fighting
word. It spreads lear. A few
years ago workers in several
Midwest industrial cities were
asked lo list the things they
feared most. Russia came first
and automation second, but it
is an even-money bet that if a
poll were taken today the order
would be reversed.
Those who don't fear automa
tion are irritated by it. The
other day Sen. Paul Douglas,
D-III., delivered a whither-are-wc
- drifting - view with alarm
speech. He said some men in
California had invented a ma
chine called Electro-corn which
could dial your telephone num
ber, deliver a sales pitch, say
goodbye and hang up. If your
line happened to be busy, Ihe
machine would wait three min
utes and dial again.
"Our personal rights would be
invaded," Douglas said. "Our
personal lives would sudor and
many would boycott any prod
uct of a manufacturer who ap
plied such obnoxious sales tech
nique in their home."
Maybe so, but it is going to
take more than angry speech
es in the United Slates Senate
to halt Ihe march of automa
tion. The man who argues
I againsl automation is, in the
final result, arguing against
progress. To stop the develop
ment of automation could be
disastrous to the United States
in the cold war. Russia estab
i lished a ministry of automation
' in 1956. It already has about 20
automated factories and is push
i ing hard (or more. American
j corporations are selling their
i computers allovcr Western Eu
rope.
Progress demands that scien
tists have complete freedom of
action in developing whatever
their ingenuity can devise. It is
Officials Confer on
Reduction of Forces
MADRID (UPI) - Spanish
Vice President Agustin Munoz
Grandcs conferred with U.S.
Air Force Maj. Gen. Stanley J.
Donovan Friday night on pro
jected reduction of American
garrisons at jointly operated
bases in Spain.
Informed sources said the
talks centered on reductions at
the big Strategic Air Command
base at Zaragoza, which was
expected to be turned over lo
the Spanish military (orccs dur-
I ing 19(14.
just as illogical to demand a
halt to automation as it is lo
tell medical researchers they
musl stop their search for a
cure for cancer.
Automation was born out of
dire danger to the nation. It
was developed lo speed up the
production of airplanes and
tanks in World War II. It
played a part in the develop
ment of the atomic bomb and
it was indispensable in making
the giant leap from the atomic
lo the hydrogen bomb. It re
leased men from factories and
sent them lo the fighting fronts.
It would be natural to assume
that labor unions would be in
the forefront of those opposing
the development of automation,
but such is not Ihe case. No
leader of a big union is on rec
ord as fighting automation as
such, but all of them are de
manding that the nation act now
and decisively to prepare for
the day when the machines will
throw an intolerable number of
men out of work. That is the
real drive behind the demand
of the unions for a 35 - hour
work week without reduction in
pay.
"Though society cannot
smash the machines, we must
take whatever steps are needed
to insure that the machines will
not smash society," says A. J.
Hayes, head of the machinist
union, and that neatly sums up
i the worries of the unions. But
j tempers are getting short, and
j the other day George Meany,
I president of the AFL-CIO, com
i plained to his national conven
tion that the big corporations
were ignoring the consequences
I of automation:
j "Every big corporation in
America is in a mad race lo
I produce more and more with
; less and less labor. Their plans
for expansion are staggering.
Every one of them calls for
more and more push-button op
eration with machines to push
the buttons. There has got to
be a change in thinking. Many
eventually supply more jobs. I
don't know what they have to
prove this, but I am quite sure
a good many sincerely believe
it. But what happens until that
takes place? Do we get our pur-
EXPORTS REACH HIGH
PORTLAND (UPI) - Log ex
perts from the Pacific North
west lo Japan reached an all
time high of 321 million board
feet for the third uarqtcr of
1863, the U.S. Forest Service
said Saturday.
chasing power from push but
tons?" The late President Kennedy,
projecting the requirements for
a stable, prosperous economy,
said in the near future the na
tion would have to open up 10,
000 jobs a day. The population
explosion and the desire of
women to work is expanding the
labor force at a tremendous
rate. Last month the rate of un
employment in this country
rose to 5.9 per cent, which
means 3.9 million persons
couldn't find a job.
One economist said he occa
sionally had nightmares, but
the scene was always the same:
"I see thousands of persons
clamoring at factory gates try
ing to get in and apply for jobs.
But they can't get in because
the doors are crowded with peo
ple carrying pink discharge
slips who are trying lo get out."
Next: Automation Does It
cause serious unemployment?
"Oil
To
Burn"
S&H Green Stamps
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Phone 772-2111
5. Arm 1
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Life insurance available on all loans at low group rates
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DINNER DATE
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DINNER DATE
MEAT PIES m: 6 '-87c
BIG Y
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WHITMAN'S CHOCOLATES
Reg. 98c
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Wo Have Tho Genuine
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1
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m HAVE Ate
LDJ Urges Sionrcr
U.S.-llaly Tics
vasiii;to i i pn - I'li s-
i! nt .Min.Miu h.i- lulil 1 1 . 1 1 1 . i n
Prime Minister Alilu Menu lli.it
lio will (In .ill lie can ti ni.ikc
Ihr rflalionship liutucrn tlii'ir
two tnunlrirs "wen sltunpor "
In a message ( lonculiilii
lions In the new premier an
nounced Friday. Jnhn.Min said
ho hoped he would lime a
chance lo nicel villi Moro "hc
foie loo long " j
2 ib. tin 79c
SWIFTNING
3
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PkB.
Bordcns Antcrictin, Swiss, Pimonto
SLICED CHEESE
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Tin
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Cottage
Cut Green Beans
Hunts
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Newtown
cnrsiAL citR
CUt.tACK. 5!W or StAl
HUNOIitDS OF USIS
INOOORS A OU1DOOKS
o.ir
29'
iitiNons (,i.i:n Miu.nt
LONDON (UPI)-The "(llonn
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