THURSDAY. NOVEMBER 21, 163
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON
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CHANGE GUARDS AT TOMB Shown dur
ing the changing of the guard ceremony at
the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier are Pfc.
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Richard Azzaro, Sgl. Edwin . Davenport and
Pfc. Hillard Jordan. (UPI)
Palace Guard Troops in Army
P re-Date Revolutionary Days
By DARRELL GARWOOD
United Press lnlernalionaf
WASHINGTON (UPI) The
U.S. Army's "palace guard
troops are tall, ramrod straight
soil V polish soldiers who
would shudder at being spoken
of in the same breath as an
ordinary GI.
These are the men who make
up capital's ceremonial honor
guards. They are members of a
regiment that was founded be
fore the American Revolution
when Washington was a sleepy
riverfront village. The unit to
day is known as the 1st Battle
group, Third Infantry.
They are the soldiers who
welcome visiting statesmen;
who are always on hand for
President Kennedy's departures
and arrivals; who parade sol
emnly before the Tomb of the
Unknown in Arlington Nation
al Cemetery.
The battle group Is stationed
at Fort Myer, Va., just across
the Potomac River. To get into
the "Old Guard" as It is known,
the men had to go through
training so gruelling that
thoughts of it make the ordi
nary GI cringe.
Many Volunteer
Nonetheless, the guard gets
plenty of volunteers who want
to work tneir way up in me
honor company. Col.. John W.
Gorn, 48-year-old graduate of
Ripon College and Michigan
Law School from Fond du Lac,
Wis., has been commander
since mid-1962.
In an interview with UPI, the
colonel had only one complaint,
tne Army
from one to another two to
three times a day.
In the ceremonial training, he
must be able to go through a
12-minute arms drill flawlessly
with no command other than
the clicking of the steel plates
of his commander's heels. And
on sentry duty be must "march
at rigid attention" in the Ar
my's phrase on a mat in
front of Uie tomb, and oblivious
of hundreds of gawking sightseers.
By instinct as much as by
timing, he learns to pause for
exactly 21 seconds each time he
faces the tomb. The pause sym
bolizes the 21-gun salute which
is the highest military tribute
that can be paid and which
usually is reserved for U.S.
presidents and heads or foreign
states. ;"
With the high spit-and-oolish
standards observed such as
getting shoes to shine like black
billiard balls and taking care of
chrome-plated rifles and bay
onets as well as uniforms it is
rigorous life. And since the tour
of a tomb guard is only nine
months, the turnover is high.
More Than: Thousand -Col.
Gorn currently has 1,150
men, divided into six nmpan
ie3, under his command. Last
year, the outfit had to muster
its full ceremonial company lor
34 state arrivals. -
Although not called a battle
group until 1957, the Old Guard
was organized in 1784 and was
led against the Indians 10 years
later by Gen. "Mad Anthony"
Wayne at Fort Recovery, Ohio.
And it is far from being a
merely ceremonial outfit today.
During World War II, it served
with distinction with the 66th
Division in the ' campaign
against St. Nazaire.
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Theater Starting
Fifth Year With
Missionary Groups
By CARLTON WILSON
United Press International
DALLAS (UPI) - The Dallas
Theater Center, an ambitious
attempt to whet the cultural ap.
petite of the Southwest, is now
in is fifth season and ready to
send "missionary groups to
audiences in five states.
One man has been instrumen.
I've been in the Army 23
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where the commander has to
work like the devil to live up
to the standards that were al
ready being observed. We think
It's the greatest outfit in the
Army.",
Specially Chosen
A select detail restricted to
men who have met the most
rigid qualifications keeps perpe
tual vigil at the Tomb of the
Unknowns.
Each man must be between 5
feet, 10 inches and 6 feet, 2
inches tall. He must have "an
outstanding soldierly appear
ance" backed up by a flawless
personal record in and out of
the Army.
He must have 20 uniforms-
most of which the Army pays
tor and be prepared to change
ter Center. He is Dr. Paul Bak
er, its director, who made re
gional headlines this spring dur
ing a controversy at Baylor
University.
After 29 years at the Baptist
school's drama department,
Baker resigned as Its chairman
when his production of an Eu
gene O'Neil play was cancelled
because the language was too
strong to suit school and church
officials. The play, "Long Days
Journey Into Night," won a
Pulitzer Prize.
Baker and seven of his facul
ty members moved from the
Waco, Tex., campus to Trinity
University at San Antonio, Tex.,
a Presbyterian school which
was Baker's alma mater.
The Theater Center in Dallas
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Attend th
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YMCA-Medford
FOR MORE INFORMATION
CALL OR WRITE
DALE CARNEGIE COURSES
Praianltd ? J. ft. Taylor Aaioelata Spomor
548 Letter lana, Medford - Phone 773-5125
offers graduate drama students
an on-the-job training program.
It also employs a repertory
company of 14 professionals,
gives non-credit courses through
an academy program, and runs
a children's theater for 210
youngsters. .
Production Radical
A curly haired, pipe smoker.
the 52-year-old Baker is as ra
dically different in production
techniques as is the architec
ture of the Theater. The build
ing was designed by Frank
Lloyd Wright. A two-story stone
structure in a grove of trees be
side a creek, the $l-million
Theater resembles a giant bass
drum.
Dallas, takes fierce pride in
its non-profit Theater Center.
The 446 easy chair type seats
are mostly filled for weekend
performances at top prices of
$4.25 per ticket. Attendance for
the 10 production season last
year averaged 63 per cent.
Baker believes the Dallas au
diences are served well enough
now to allow his touring troups
to accept one night stands or
longer throughout the South,
western states of Texas, Louis.
iana, Arkansas, Oklahoma and
New Mexico.
"We need more outlets for our
talent," he said.
Five road companies are In
production. They are "Julius
Caesar," "Medea," "Mirror Un.
der the Eagle," "The lmpor
tance ol being Earnest, and
"Three Sisters."
Sixteen performances of "Ju
lius Caesar" also are scheduled
I at home. Shakespeare, as pre
sented by the Theater Center.
is far from conventional. For
example, in a production of
"Hamlet," there were three
Hamlets and three Ophelias -all
on stage at the same time
One musical and one original
play are included in each sea
son. "Little Mary Sunshine,"
was one of the biggest song-and-dance
hits. This year t h e
season features "Can Can," al
though on a scale far from the
Broadway spectacular or film
1 version.
Intimate Atmosphere
The intimate atmosphere of
the Theater Center lends itself
well to drama or satirical com
edy. This season opened with
"Firebugs" by Swiss playwright
Max Frisch, a serious show
with political overtones. A fa
vorite last year was "Sister,"
an original script about a fe
male evangelist by Glen Allen
Smith of Dallas.
Another original production
two years ago, "Joshua Beene
and God," starred Burl Ives. It
was written by Clifford Sage
and Hal Lewis, of Dallas.
The Theater Center has about
70 persons in full-time work.
Salaries for performers range
from $65 to $125 a week. Many
of the students are on scholar
ships or grants.
Whirligig Beetle Sees
Through Natural Bifocals
We seldom appreciate the fact
that human eyeballs are move
able, making it easily possible
to increase our range of vision
with little or no movement of
the head. We see out of the
corner of our eye.
Most animals have this abili
ty, and all benefit from a more
flexible seeing range. Like our
own, most animal eyes can be
moved to the right or left, up
or down, or in combinations of
all these movements.
But there are privileged crea
tures animals whose eye mo
tions have been developed to a
phenomenal degree. The silly
little seahorse has developed an
eye technique that is outrage
ously flexible. This creature can
direct one eye upward to see
what goes on above, and the
other downward to catch any
movement going on underneath.
Both Directions
Equally well can the seahorse
look ahead, with one eye or botn
and even turn one back to see
whether or not an enemy is
gaining on him. This he accom
plishes safely, for the eye di
reeled ahead alerts him to any
obstruction in the path. What's
even more remarkable, the sea
horse, in spite of the fact he is
seeing two images simulta
neously, can make up his feeble
mind which is the lesser danger,
and take measures to avoid the
greater.
To somewhat lesser extent,
but still pretty elastic and effi
cient are the eyes of the com
mon little chameleon. It can
spot a desirable insect to the
far right and a little above
say about 10 o'clock high with
the right eye; and locate cor
rectly another insect, on the
other side, with its left eye that
is about 8 o'clock low. Here
again the little creature has to
make a decision: which bug is
nearer, or which is swallowable.
Such actions speak rather
highly of the chameleon's tiny
brain, as he seldom makes a
useless pass at an insect be
yond the reach of his pounce,
or wastes his time grabbing a
bug too big to swallow.
Waterproof Eyes
It is doubtful If either of
these fortunate creatures with
the flexible eyeballs appreciates
their ablility. Nature gave them
more than a helping hand .
a way to see more that they
mignt accomplish more.
There are also the very dif
ferent eyeballs of the water in
sects, such as those with the
bifocal lenses. The whirligig
beetle has its eyes divided by
a lateral line the upper part
for seeing things in' the atmos
phere, and the lower part to
see what goes on just beneath
the water's surface. Actually,
this is the same principle in
volved in the making of bifocal
lenses for improving human
vision. And you may always
have thought that bifocal glass
es was the discovery of some
clever human experimenting
with a magnifying glass.
Pretty common, too, and well
adapted to their way of life are
the eyes of the lobsters, shrimps
and many of the crabs. These
creatures have eyeballs located
on top of stalks which can be
raised or lowered like a peri
scope. This arrangement comes
in pretty handy when the ani
mal wants to hide behind a pile
of sand or a rock, and see with
out its body showing.
But Nature pulled a "fast
one" on some animals. The poor
old owl cannot move its eye
balls a fraction of an inch. It
must move its entire head. Na
ture, by some quirk of obstin
acy, froze the eyeballs tightly
in weir sockets.
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Beer Drinkers Are
Responsible for Rise
NEW YORK (UPI) - Beer
drinkers are chiefly responsible
for the increase in sales of glass
containers in the first half of
1963, according to the Glass
Container Manufacturers Insti
tute. Over-all domestic sales of
glass containers in the first six
months of this year climbed to
66,425,000 gross, compared to
the 1962 first-half level of 83,
336,000 gross, a 3.7 per cent
gain. Sales of non-returnable
beer bottles during the same pe
riod totaled 12,876.000 gross. 13
per cent more than the 11,381,
000 sold in the comparable 1962
half.
NO LOUNGING
OLYMPIA, Wash. (UPI)-It
is against the law in Washington
state to use the word "lounge"
in an advertisement for a place
that serves alcoholic beverages.
A regulation Imposed by the
state liquor control board pro
hibits references such as "Palm
Lounge" but okays the wording
"Palm Room."
COINCIDENCE
ST. LOUIS (UPI)-On the
same day, two men, both aged
26 and named Sol Steinman, in
jured their left legs in separate
accidents.
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