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Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40
and 50 yean ago.
10 YEARS AGO
Nov. 3. 1853 (Tuesday)
Wednesday is Gallon Donor
day in Medford, Mayor D. L.
Flynn has announced, in rec
ognition of 36 county residents
who have contributed eight pints
of blood. ' J
Frank Lovett has resigned
from the, Phoenix City Council
and Vincent Claflin has been
appointed to the post.
20 YEARS AGO
Nov. 3, 1943 (Wednesday)
Robert C. Mlnear. in Aus
tralia and New Guinea for 20
months, promoted to captain
by Army.
Medford housing situation be
comes acute as servicemen pour
into Camp White; critical need
for housing for soldiers iam-
ilies.
30 YEARS AGO
Nov. 3, 1933 (Friday)
John A. Barneburg, pioneer
Medford resident and one-ume
county commissioner, in serious
condition alter Deing strucn Dy
automobile.
County Assessor J. B. Cole
man bags five-point elk while
on hunting trip in Wallowa
mountains of eastern Oregon.
40 YEARS AGO
Nov. 3, 1923 (Saturday)
Mrs. Susanne Carter, Jackson
County School Superintendent,
and C. C. Cate, Jackson County
agent, among those attending
cornerstone laying for new
Wimer High School.
Mrs. Amy Dow, Jacksonville,
purchases two story building
opposite U.S. Hotel in Jackson
ville from Luke Ryan.
50 YEARS AGO
Nov. 3, 1913 (Monday)
Ashcraft Brothers offer new
Studebakcr "Four" for sale in
Medford at $1,200; electrically
started, electrically lighted sev
en passenger model sells for
$1,750.
Hotel Manx, San Francisco,
advertises in the Mail Tribune
that its rates for a suite, with
bedroom, parlor and bath, are
$3 a day with reduced rates by
the week or month.
Whal's Your I.Q.?
Nine or ten correct It tuperleri
seven or eight is aicellenti five 01
su is good.
1. The bulldog is symbolic ot
Britain; what animal generally
denotes Soviet Russia.'
2. How many atomic powered
bombers does the U. S. Air
Force now have in operation?
3. In traveling east to west
around the world, would one
lose, or cam a day?
4. What branch of the Army
is Identified as Q.M.C.?
5. A digamist Is a person who
has twice married legally: true
or false?
6. Would you most likely find
a rjereola in the Harden, on a
Venetian canal, or in an ice
skatne rink.'
7. Does the minute hand on
a watch move 3, 6, or 12 times
faster than the hour hand?
8. In what year did the two
largest labor groups, the AFL
and CIO, merge.'
9. What coastal warning is de
noted by the display o( one red
nennant?
10. Two square flags with
black centers indicate what oth
er coastal warning?
Answers: 1. Thr, bear. 2. None
3. Lose a day. 4. Quartermaster
Corps. 5. True. . Garden. 7. 12
times. 8. 1955. 9. Small craft
warning. 10. Hurricane.
POlUIHItl
VAMOtlATIOH
NOVEMBER 3, 1963
Should Churches Be Taxed?
Before the Oct. 15
wards in letters and other comments, a frequently-heard
suggestion was to tax churches and
other now exempt property.
While religious property has traditionally
been tax exempt in this country, increasingly in
recent years more and more people are beginning
to question the propriety of this. Ana the ques
tioning is not limited to non-church-goers, either,
One of the most outspoken proponents of taxing
church property is the
Blake, chief executive
Presbyterian Church in
There are several valid reasons for this posi
tion. The one that makes the most sense is the
fact that by exempting churches from taxes, the
government actually is subsidizing them, partic
ularly when (as is often the case) they are en
gaged in revenue-producing activities in competi
tion with others.
QNE CHURCHMAN put it this way:
"In California, a man can grow a beard, get a private
religion, build a chapel, and operate a business with a 52
per cent advantage."
In Oregon, most church property is devoted
to religious purposes,
operate wineries, distilleries, television stations,
laundries, printing houses, hotels, and a long list
oi other businesses all
direct competition with
It is no wonder that
is growing.
OERE IN Oregon, churches receive police and
fire protection, have
and sidewalks, and all the other amenities of or
ganized society, but pay nothing for the privilege.
These advantages are paid for, on their behalf,
by the general taxpayer, willy-nilly.
It can be argued that "the power to tax is the
power to control," and that thus taxing church
properties would violate the separation of church
and state. But to us, this argument doesn't hold
water. We see no reason why churches shouldn't
pay for what they receive just like everyone else.
In addition, it seems
owned properties which
to pay taxes comparable
competitors. ,
CHURCHMEN who support this view do so
nnt. nnlv an a matter nf fairnpsa Vint nlsn
because they fear the creation of ill-will and
hostility toward churches.
Dr. Blake also foresees the possibility that,
because of their favored status, the churches
COUld gain Control Of Substantial portions Of the
economy and lorce a revenue-starved govern
ment to go to the revolutionary extreme of ex
propriating church properties.
In any event, in the
climate of opinion in the
particularly in Oregon
study and thought. E.
i
New Ideas
To some people many people a tree is
a thing of natural beauty.
To others it represents
raw lumber.
To still others, it is a source of fiber.
To a few it is beginning to represent a "chem
ical warehouse."
A. C. Van Vliet, assistant professor of forest
products at Oregon State
ported that Oregon s torest trees may some clay
become so valuable chemically that it may be
uneconomical to use them for anything so ordi
nary a3 lumber.
And ne reported on
the new Forest Products
fPHE BARK of a harvested tree has always
constituted a problem in disposal. It can
not now be used for very many things in quan
tities sufficient to take care of verv much of it
borne ol it is used as mulch (and very good
mulch, too). But most of it now uoes into the
burner, creating an economic loss and smoking
up the atmosphere.
borne years ago it
fir bark could be used as the raw material in the
manufacture of wax. Now, Professor Van Vliet
reports, this wax can be made comaparable to
the carnauba wax of South America. The Cor
vallis Gazette-Times reports that "it is hard
enough to use in floor and shoe polish. Only a
slight change in the cost factors could make it
economically feasible to produce it in competi
tion with carnauba."
npHL BARK also contains a compound that is
chemically reactive and holds several nos-
sibilities, including a food additive to prevent
iooci uecoming rancid, a red tood dye, and new
toxic agents for use as fungicides and herbicides.
"Many of us," Van Vliet said, "feel that the
chemical aspect of the forest products industry
is untapped as yet."
He also stated that the industry "is in a state
of dynamic change," and that a breakthrough in
any one ol tlie lielcts being explored could mean
a major industrial development.
At one time, the petroleum industry was limit
ed to producing oil, gas and related products.
Now it is the source of raw materials for thou
sands of different products. Wood chemistry
could bring about a similar change in the forest
products industry. E. A.
ft.
tax election, and after
Kev. Dr. Lugene Larson
officer or the United
the U.S.A.
but elsewhere churches
tax exempt and all in
private businessmen.
uneasiness about this
the benefits of streets
only fair for church-
are non-religious in use
to those paid by their
present "tax revolt"
United states and
the subject deserves
A.
for Wood
dollars, in the form of
University, recently re
some of the findings at
Laboratory at OSU.
was found that Doujnas
"It's A Rough Crossing. Can You See The
Shore Yet?"
f A 4. 1
THE CONGRESSIONAL PACT
WASHINGTON - The civil
rights bill has been rescued
from the strange coalition of
its most ardent friends and its
bitterest enemies.
Until the last ditch, the ultra-
liberals and the Southern seg
regationists of the House Ju
diciary Committee fought side
by side for an extreme meas
ure that could not pass. But
the committee s senior Kepun-
lican member, Rep. William
McCulloch, courageously inter
vened to rescue the bill, bring
ing along Rep. John Lindsay
of New York and others. The
next hurdle is therefore the
House Rules Committee.
Some time must pass before
the next hurdle can be vaulted.
According to the best current
estimates, another fortnight
gj tSuy rUrtsHhe
House Judiciary Committee can
be laid before the Rules Com
mittce.
AFTER that, the Rules Com
mittee's antediluvian chair
man. Rep. Howard W. Smith,
will no doubt be leisurely about
hearing the testimony of mem
bers of Congress who wish to
say something before the civil
rights bill is sent to the floor.
There may well be more than
two score Congressional wit
nesses.
Because of the national-mind
ed bi-partisanship displayed by
Rep. McCulloch, favorable ac
tion by the Rules Committee
seems to be assured in the
end. But the end seems most
unlikely to come before the lust
dnys of November. And after
the Rules Committee sends the
bill to the House floor, the
House must also take action be
fore the bill proceeds to the
Senate.
It is a good bet, therefore,
that the civil rights bill will not
reach the Senate before the first
week in December. In that
case, passage of a civil rights
bill this year will be virtually
out of the question. No amount
of pressure will overcome the
inevitable Southern filibuster
and secure the necessary vote
for cloture before the Senate's
Christmas recess on Dec. 20.
fTHIS cloud ought to have a
silver lining, to be sure, If
only there were more logic in
Congressional procedures. The
tax reduction bill is already in
the hands of the Senate Finance
Committee. In normal circum
stances, the slow pace of the
civil rights bill ought to leave
an opening for December pass
age of the tax bill.
Uy any practical tost, more
over, passing the tax bill is
probably a more useful step lo
take in the present civil rights
crisis than passing the civil
rights bill itself. Among other
things, the tax bill is specific
ally designed to create more
jobs, and more jobs are the
most urgent Negro need today.
Unhappily, the silver lining is
pretty certain not to material
ize, because the pace of the tax
bill is even slower, if anything,
than the pace of the civil rights
bill. This great measure has
been before Congress for just
short ot ton months. When it . bcr of kilometers-that is, mul
reaches a vote in the Senate. ! tiply lhc mlmbpr o( kilometers
it is now expected to command ; by mld vou- be prcttv close
a two-thirds majority. I to the number of miles.
mil uh-su urn?, iihvu nine in-
fluence on the chairman of the
Senate Finance Committee,
Harry Byrd of Virginia, or his
strange ally on the left, the
tirelessly vocal Sen. Albert
Gore of Tennessee. What
amounts to a filibuster by wit
nesses has been organized. No
less than 105 witnesses remain
to be heard by the committee.
And committee hearings are go
ing lo be suspended while the
t
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD,
Matter
of Fact
By Joseph Alsop
c) New York Herald Tribune Syndicate
foreign aid bill is debated on
the Senate floor.
rTHUS the present forecast is
that the tax bill may just
possibly be reported to the Sen
ate on the eve of the Christmas
recess; and even this forecast
may prove to be over-optimistic
if the Senate has meanwhile
taken up the civil rights bill
and tied itself in knots with a
filibuster.
Both of these crucial bills will
pass in the end. There is hard
ly any doubt about that. But
the tax bill will not pass when
it will do the most good, which
is this year. And the civil
rights bili will pass only after
the Senate has talked itself in
to a stupor. ,
These facts mean several
things of considerable impor
tance. They mean, above all,
that the always-creaky Con
gressional machinery has de
generated to a really dangerous
degree. Even if majorities in
both Houses favor action, and
even if urgent national prob
lems demand prompt action, no
major action can be taKen now
adays without an expenditure
of time and effort that is re
ally crippling.
Thus the Executive is increas
ingly deterred from proposing
needed action by the certainty
mat getting anything done will
be a really killing job. And the
whole process of government is
increasingly handicapped to the
point of being crippled.
In the Day's News
By FRANK
In this space the other day,
we were talking about measures
oi weight and capacity, such as
long tons and short tons and
metric tons the point being
that what is called a ton in one
country may not be the same as
what is called a ton in another
country.
Maybe, while we're at it, we
might as well take a look at
measures of DISTANCE, such
as miles and kilometers. Only in
American countries and coun
tries with a British background
(such as Canada) is the mile
the standard measure of dis
tance. That can be very contusing
indeed if you arc traveling by
car in a country where the kil
ometer is the accepted measure
of distance in Mexico, for ex
ample. i KILOMETER equals 3,280
feet.
A mile equals 5,280 (cel.
If you are driving in continent
al European countries, where
the kilometer is the measure of
distance on the highway signs,
or in Mexico, where the same is
true, and want to reduce kilo -
meters to miles, so you will
know where you are at and how
far it is to the next point you
arc interested in, you will find
this a convenient rule of thumb
T:ikp K0 npr pnnt nf rho num.
Factually, a kilometer is 62.1
per cent ot a mile.
MISHMASH in the news:
In Nrw York the other
day, a bull got loose from some
where and went on a rampage
through the downtown streets
that was brought to an end only
when a cop operating in a con
vertible witn the top down in
stead of a cow pony lassoed the
OREGON
GREAT IDEAS...
POPULATION EXPLOSION
Dear Dr. Adler : Were peo
ple of the past ever concerned
with the prospect of world
over-population? If so, what
proposals were advanced as
solutions to this problem?
Mrs. Michael Davich
4112 Philip Way
Fort Wayne, Ind.
Dear Mrs. Davich: The popu
lation problem got its first
thorough discussion toward tne
end of the 18th century. Adam
Smith considered the effect of
wage rates on the Increase and
decrease of the working classes
in "The Wealth of Nations,"
published in 1776. Thomas Mal
thus wrote the first important
work devoted solely to popula
tion, "An Essay on the Principle
of Population as it Affects the
Future Improvement of Soci
ety," which appeared in 1798.
This pioneer work set the terms
for all future discussions of the
population problem.
Malthus's argument is a beau
tifully simple one. It is based on
the assumption that human ex
istence deDends on the means
of subsistence on food supply.
The latter, according to Mal-
thus. increases at an "arithme
tical" rate, by a constant addi
tion; thus, 1, 4, 7, 10, and so on.
Population, however, increases
at a "geometrical" rate, by
constant multiplication; thus, 1,
3, 9, 27, and so on. Clearly then,
since constant multiplication in
evitably exceeds constant addi
tion, the time will come, sooner
or later, when there will be
more mouths than food to feed
them.
The DroDer balance between
population and food supply, said
Mallhus, must be regained
throueh a decrease in the num
ber of people. This may be ac
complished through the "natural
checks" of war, famine, and
pestilence, and the "moral re
straints" of continence, late
marriage, and abstinence within
marriage. Constant misery and
vice tend to abate the genera
tive power. Welfare measures,
however, such as relief grants
to the needv. hinder the natural
movement toward a livable
eouilibrium.
This theory is Malthus's an
swer to the population problem.
It provided the intellectual ba
sis tor tne modern Dirm comrui
movement, although Malthus
himself opposed artificial con
traception as immoral. On the
other hand, he aroused me en
mity of social reformers, who
held that the population proD
lem is the result of curable so
cial conditions, and condemned
his doctrine as cruel, vicious,
and false.
Informed and impartial critics
of Malthus's argument in re-
JENKINS
beast as neatly as any cowboy
in the Wild West could have
done
nUESTlONS:
Where did the bull come
from?
Did it come from Wall Street?
And-
If the bull was coming in wild
flight from Wall Street, had it
been driven out by the Wall
Street BEAK57
We'd all like to know.
If the bulls are being chivvied
out ot Wall Street by the bears
it might be a good tip to sell
short.
Bleak Future Seen in
By ERIC
SEVAREID
(Distributed IDS,
By The Hall
Syndlt-ate, Inc.)
(All RiKhll
llcservrd)
1 MADRID From the capital
of Portucal throuEii the arid.
nard soii o( southern Spain runs
the harsh stretch of earth that
indefinably separates the end of
Europe and the beginnings of
the grim and brooding African
life that has become a pertinent
and permanent element of jll
the world's consciousness.
.
Spain can live without Africa.
Her great concentration now is
on her own underdeveloped re
gions, which a four-year plan
liberal economically if not po
litically will attempt to bring
up to the comparatively low
level of her prospering regions.
But Portugal cannot live with
out Africa. Portugal and An
gola are prisoners ot their mu
I tual poverty and economic sep -
From the Great Books
By Mortimer J. Adler
(c) 1063, Publishers Newspaper Syndicate
cent years have questioned his
basic thesis that population
inevitably outruns food supply.
For one thing, they say, putting
more land under cultivation and
increasing the productivity of
cultivated land has more than
offset the natural increase in
population. Actually this is what
has happened in various parts
of the world since Malthus's
day. New lands have been cul
tivated in America, South Afri
ca, and Australia, and notable
advances in soil productivity
have taken place. Israel pro
vides a current example of how
intensive use of soil may meet
the food needs of a vastly in
creased population.
For another thing, the critics
say, it is questionable whether
population necessarily increases
at a constant rate, geometrical
or otherwise. The birth rates in
some Western European coun
tries decreased so alarmingly
before World War II that their
governments took measures to
encourage couples to have more
children. Advancement in living
standards seemed to bring about
a decrease in the birlh-rate, not
an increase, as Malthus assum
ed. Indeed, the increase of popu
lation in his own time was due
to a fall in the death-rate, not to
an increase in the birth-rate, as
he thought.
These criticisms seemed so
cogent that for a time Malthus's
doctrines were considered obso
lete. However, the specter of a
world population explosion has
conferred new life on the the
ories of the 18th-century econo
mist. The introduction of mod
ern hygiene into the underde
veloped countries has brought
about a sharp decrease in the
death-rate, without a corres
ponding decrease in the birth
rate. United Nations experts
predict that by the year 2000
the world will have over 6,000,
000,000 people, more than double
its present population. If the
same rate of increase continues
for another 20 generations or so,
there will barely be standing
room, let alone vittlcs, for all
of us.
The question remains, how
ever, whether anything human
can be the subject of absolutely
certain, mathematically precise
predictions. Aristotle cautioned
us 2,500 years ago that certain
knowledge is impossible in hu
man affairs. Similarly the auth
or of the article on "Population
Ecology" in the "Encyclopae
dia Britannica" warns us today
that the attempt to discover a
simple mathematical law for hu
man population g r o w t y "is
doomed to failure."
You can win a 54-volumc
set of the Great Books of the
Western World by writing a
letter, not to exceed 150
words, incorporating a ques
tion of general interest for Dr.
Adler to consider for inclusion
in this column. Each week he
will select as first prize win
ners 1 lie writers of the three
best letters. He will use ONE
of these letters as a basis for
a future column and will an
swer it in terms of the intellec
tual heritage of the Great
Books 443 works by 74 auth
ors, spanning 30 centuries of
thought. Address the letters to
Dr. Mortimer J. Adler, in care
of this newspaper.
EDITORIAL COMMENT
A man might live easily to a
pretty ripe old age ii he didn't
have to spend so much energy
enjoying himself. Sherman
County Journal.
aration would mean their com
mon decline, and political sep
aration will mean economic sep
aration unless the lesson of the
Congo is well observed.
Already we have official hints
that the United Nativ-j force
may be staying in the Congo
beyond next June, more evi
dence that the ghastly story nf
the Congo has come around its
full, ironic circle. Today the
Congo is bogging the Belgians,
whose chief crime was the ne
glect of Congolese education, to
come back, and they are going
back in great numbers. There
was no other way.
This puts an end to one illu
sion and one canard. The illu
tion was t'-at the Congolese
were ready to run the compli
cated technological civilization
imposed upon them. TH canard
was the Belgian accusation
that Americans has pushed for
Congolese independence in or
der to take over Belgian eco
nomic holdi. ;s there.
...
But the Congo lesson has net
been learned everywhere, by
any means. East Africa is rush
ing blindly toward the same
abyss. Uganda seemed to have
1 the best chance of all. It has a
Communications
Letters to the Editor must bear the name and address of the writer.
under certain circumstances the use ot a pen name or Initial
t rbHca?lo I. re missible. The Mall Tribune reserve, the right ,
ISi.ll utters with a view to clarification and condensation. Lett,,,
brn t ed or PUcJtlon must not ec..d 400 word,. The ?I
DrX In this column do not necessarily represent the vewl 0,
paper. In fact the contrary Is often the case.
Free Thinking
To the Editor:
I'd put aside the Bible,
I'd quit reading Revelations,
And get my religiosity
From M-T Communications,
But for a minor item:
Screwball interpretations.
George Distell
33 North Fir St.
Medford
God's Colors
To the Editor: Maybe God
likes black, red or yellow.
Beine classed as a white per
son, because of the visible color
of one's skin, seems to me to
be immaterial.
If one trulv believes in the
"Supreme Being," why not just
let him Be tne judge oi nis uwn
creations?
How so is the need so great
to inform God what his choice
of race, creed or color should
be?
Surely it is not up to little
people to dictate the worth of
other little people of God's crea
tion, no matter in what category
they may come to be born, by
the grace of God.
Souls may be white, or they
may be black. Who knows?
I don't believe it matters what
color skin is stretched over the
bones of a structure that houses
a soul.
After all, the body is nothing
anyway, and returns to dust af
ter such a very short while. It
is only the soul that can attain
everlasting life, and who knows
what color a soul may be"?
It seems a little silly to fight
each other over who is a master
race, or just Which one is sup
posed to be the exalted people.
Love thy neighbor as thyself.
I don't believe it says love only
thy white neighbor. Any color
people can be neighbors.
Maybe you can't be expected
to get along in Heaven if you
can't love all of God's people,
no matter what color they may
be.
(Name on file)
Medford
Self Reliance
To the Editor: Edwin P. Nei
lan, President of the U. S.
Chamber of Commerce, said,
"Never has America seen such
widespread acceptance of po
litical bribery. The voters send
their man to Washington, not to
promote good government, but
for the express purpose of get
ting federal tax or deficit fi
nanced dollars for their own
district or state, even for their
own private companies. If he
"Of course, we know what we're doing.. By sacrificing you,
we're preserving you."
Africanization
favorable balance of trade.
Only Africans own the land. Its
university has turned out many
graduates, something the Congo
never did. But even there the
atmosphere is growing appre
hensive, as tribal wars in west
ern Ugands continue to spread.
The Banganda and the Banyoro
are killing 50 or GO of each other
every week, although scarcely
any of this has been reported in
the world press.
...
All through Uganda. Kenya
and Tanganyika "Africaniza
tion" proceeds apace, and all
it means is driving out trained
Europeans and replacing them
with Africans with the briefest
smatterings of political and
buisness training.
In Kenya Jomo Kenyatta con
tinues to give assurances that
the white farmers can stay, but
few believe this. The gaivanic
emotional forces are such that
either the farmers will go or
Kenyatta will go. He has al
ready scrapped the carefully
prepared constitution which was
designed to protect tribal mi
norities, and it happens that the
minority tribes, the Masai and
the Omali, t . the superior
fighting tribes, Some observers
fails to deliver, they kick him
out of office by electing some
one who will. The voter sells
his ballot to buy a Congress
man; the Congressman sells his
high office to buy votes. The
voter casts his ballot for the
biggest briber.
"Members of Congress find
themselves under intolerable
pressure from their voters to
get more and more federal
handouts. These pressures al
low our congressmen less time
to give adequate attention to our
real national problems.
"The critical issue of national
political morality must be dealt
with if we are to regain re
sponsible government in Amer
ica." Mr. Neilan suggests "return
ing to the states, counties and
local communities the responsi
bility for projects basically lo
cal in nature."
The Area Redevelopment Ad.
ministration wants to spend
another $455.5 million to expand
this assistance program to so
called depressed areas. When
this program was initiated 103
areas in U. S. were listed of
ficially as "depressed" Today,
this sophisticated spoils system
includes 1,000 eligible areas and
the list is growing.
Where does this vote buying
labeled "assistance" stop? Is
the federal government to pour
out tax money and borrowed
funds endlessly to bail out every
community, industry and com
pany that finds itself in trou
ble? Rep. Wright Patman, D-Texas,
commented, "It would be my
suggestion this geltleman be de
ported to some Fascist coun
try ... . where he can enjoy the
high morality he dreams
about."
Does Patman mean that po
litical morality in America is
already only a dream?
Theodore Humes said, "This
country was not built by men
who relied on somebody else to
take care of them. It was built
by men who relied on them
selves; men who dared shape
their own lives, with enough
courage to blaze new trails
enough confidence in them
selves to take the necessary
risks. This spirit of self - re
liance is our American legacy,
the secret of that "something"
which stamped Americans at
Americans. Some call it indi
vidual initiative, others back
bone. But whatever it is called,
it is a precious ingredient in
our national character one
which we must not lose."
Elizabeth Miller
P. O. Box 217
Trail, Ore.
doubt the intern! peace will
last evpn as Innn as Iho fnrmat
day of freedom, Dec. 12.
One who so believes is a
friend of lone experience in East
Africa who, until recc.tly, h:d
believed in the practical work
ability of the Africans' plans of
their post - independence socie
ties. Now he writes me in these
terms:
"It is a barrel of scorpions.
It is as if two alternatives faced
East Africa. Either a fairly im
mediate explosion and a tar
worse situation than the Congo,
or if the explosion can be evad
ed and I don't know anybody
in Kenya who thinks it can
then a kind of dry rot through
Africanization, a drift down
ward until a sort of Liberia
stage is reached with a small,
black, rich oligarchy satisfied
with its spoils living off a huge
suppressed black majority. I
see no ether roa
If this is the real shape of the
immediate future in East Af
rica, then it is not to be wonder
ed at that in South Africa the
white opponents of apartheid
are falling silent and that Vcr
wocrd holds tight, defies the out
raged sensibilities of many na
tions, and waits.