MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDKORD. OREGON
THURSDAY. OCTOBER 21, 1863
War Threat Lyres Tourists to Two Areas
By DONALD J. BRYDON
United Press International
TOKYO (UPI) - Two of the
world's strangest tourist attrac
tions gain part of their lure
from the fact that war could
erupt tround them at any min
ute. They are Panmunjom in Korea,
and the Quemoy Island in the
Formosa strait.
Both have been right in the
middle of hot war. Heavily arm
ed troops glare at one another
at both points. There have been
no peace treaties. Sporadic fight
ing occurs in both areas, and
World War III could explode
without warning at either site.
Yet growing numbers of tour
ists complete with sports
shirts, sun glasses and cameras
are finding their way to Pan
munjom and Quemoy.
The civilian tourists are being
urged to visit Panmunjom by the
Republic of Korea, the South
Korean government. They are
being invited to tour the forti
fied island of Quemoy just off
the coast of mainland China by
the Nationalist Chinese govern
ment now entrenched in Formo
sa, . Propaganda Valuable j
The South Koreans and Na
tionalist Chinese obviously think
there is propaganda value to be
gained from letting the tourists
see the two war zones. It is
something like visiting the Ber
lin.Wall. About 3,000 tourists a month
visit Panmunjom from South Ko
rea. The North Koreans have :
equal access to the truce vil
lage, but only about 30 visitors
a month come from the Com
munist North.
An official United Nations
publication describes the Kore
an. armistice this way:
"Korea is still at war. A
peace treaty has never been
signed. The United Nations and
Republic of Korea forces are
not engaged in active combat
with the armies of North Ko
rea and Communist China, but 1
they , still oppose each other
along a 151-mile frontier.
"It is a period of suspended
hostilities under an armed truce
signed nearly a decade ago. Be
cause a political treaty has nev
er been signed, the Korean mil
itafy armistice agreement re
mains in effect. It is the longest
armistice in history."
The armistice was signed at
Panmunjom on July 27, 1953. A
demilitarized zone, called the
DMZ, winds 151 miles east
ward across the Korean penin
sula from the Han river estu
ary in the west to the Sea of
Japan.
Armed Forces
the DMZ is 4,000 meters wide
and both sides pulled their
forces back. Only at Panmun
jom are there armed troops,
Cradle Warmer
Developed After
XIS's Windshield
LOS ANGELES (UPI) - The
same principle that makes it
possible for the X15 rocket
plane to fly at speeds of 2.000
miles an hour without its wind
shield fogging has been used to
develop a cradle warmer for
newborn infants. The warmer
could make receiving blankets
obsolete.
The warmer was developed
by. the Sierracin Corp., a small
firm in nearby Burbank. which
had built the X15's windshield
wilh an internal heating
system.
Tnwntnr of the cradle warm
er, William H. Lawson Jr., said
tests have been encouraging
enough to warrant building of
more units.
A prototype of the warmer
currently is being tested by Dr.
Thomas K. Oliver, director of
the University of Washington's
Nurseries and Premature Cen
ter, Other models will be turned
over to the Los Angeles County
General Hospital, the Loma
Linda School of Medicine and
the Underwriters' Laboratory.
The warmer is simply a clear
plastic with an inside conduc
tive coating that is heated by
electric current.
The cover maintains a con
stand temperature in the cradle
during the critical hours follow
ing the infant's birth. This con
stancy is especially important
in the case of premature in
fants. At present a receiving blanket
is used to help the infant main
tain body heat. If the infant's
body heat drops too rapidly he
goes into shock.
Lawson said another adcan
tage of the cradle warmer is
that a baby may be examined
safely or even cleaned and
checked without use of a single
blanket.
"Doctors told me there is a
wide need for such a device,
both in hospitals and in the
home," Lawson said.
There are 130 cities in the
United States which have popu
lations in excess of 100,099 r-;
tons, - i
with both UN forces mostly
Americans and Communist
North Koreans patrolling the vil
lage. It is here that American sol
diers pass their North Korean
counterparts without speaking.
Sometimes the North Koreans
attempt to strike up a conver
sation with the Americans, but
the UN forces are under instruc
tion not to answer.
The sightseers from South Ko
rea are told they can take pho
tographs of anything and any
one, but not to pursue it if the
North Korean soldiers object to
having their pictures taken.
The UN forces want no inci
dents at Panmunjom, and there
have been no serious problems.
There have been a few cases
of pushing and shoving on both
sides.
Stay on Own Side
The visitors are particularly
warned not to attempt to strike
up a political discussion with
the Communists. The idea is
merely to let the tourists see the
village, and then they are given
a military briefing on the situa
tion. They are told what occurs j
during the periodic meetings of j
the military armistice commis
sion at Panmunjom.
The meetings are held in the ;
circular joint security area at j
Panmunjom. The military de-1
marcation line bisects the BOO-,
meter diameter area. The con-1
ference building is located on
this line, which runs right down j
the middle of the long green
felt covered table. The UN otfi-l
cials sit on their side of t h e
line and the Communists sit on,
their side. Neither ever crosses
to the other side of the table. ,
The tourist business on Que-1
moy, the fortified island just off
the coast of mainland China, is
stimulated by the same curious
fascination as at Panmunjom.
Visitors to Panmunjom arrive
by bus, truck and car, while
the tourists get to Quemoy
aboard low flying planes which j
keep close to the water to es
cape the Red Chinese radar on
the mainland.
Quemoy is still under periodic I
artillery bombardment from the I
mainland only a few miles away
although most of the shells fired j
now contain onlv propaganda '
leaflets. " ,
The Nationalist Chinese have
honeycombed the rocky island
with tunnels and bomb - proof j
compartments. They, too, give1
military briefings to the visitors,
explaining why they want to
keep possession of the offshore
island and why the Communists
want to drive them off.
Waterway Divides
Quemoy is the Nationalst Chi
nese front line in the civil war
with the Communists which be
gan in 1935. The dividing line is
a waterway only 5,000 yards
wide at its narrowest point.
Visitors to Formosa arc urged
to see Quemoy before they
leave. When the visitor lands at
the Quemoy landing strip, he
sees barbed wire and booby
trapped beaches. Each visitor
I has a military escort, usually a
i colonel, who explains what can
I be photographed and what can
not.
The tourists are given a look
at Red China across the strait
through telescopes, then they
are taken through the maze of
underground tunnels where the
soldiers live and work. They
see every few yards an artil
lery piece or a machine gun
poking through holes cut in the
solid stone.
Sec Warfare Center
One of the highlights of t h e
tourist's visit to Quemoy is the
psychological warfare center.
This is a small building divided
into two parts.
On each side there is a dis
play of propaganda leaflets of
both the Communists and the
Nationalists. The ingenious
i methods used for delivering the
j leaflets are explained.
The Nationalists print slogans
inside matchboxes, insert mes
sages in bars of soap, and even
slip them into the mouths of
j , r: .1. I-, iL.
ueaa iisn wnicn are leu on uie
Communist shore by swimmers.
Sometimes the goods are sent
across by raft and sometimes
the leaflets are dropped over the
mainland China from airplanes.
The Chinese Reds use many
of the same techniques.
The visitor to Quemoy is then
given a big balloon to which is
attached a Nationalist slogan.
He lets it go and it soars up into
the air toward the mainland.
At both Panmunjom and Que
moy the tourist is fascinated by
the fact that he is in a war
zone. The thoughts that pass
through his mind are his own,
but he surely must wonder if
either of these protracted strug
gles between East and West will
ever end.
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