2 g SUNDAY. OtKtBKR 20. 13
Border Incidents Give New
By HENRY SHAPIRO
United Press International
MOSCOW (UPD-The erup
tion of incidents reported along
the almost 5,000-mile Soviet
Chinese horde' has given a new
dimension to the massive Sino
Soviet conflict which has al
ready shattered the monolithic
structure of the Communist
camp and virtually divided it
into two rival blocs.
The crowning evidence of the
Irrevocability of the split be
tween the two communist giants
was provided Oct. 4 with the
publication of a voluminous So
viet statement which, in effect,
outlawed Peking from the com
munist movement.
An exhaustive :i8-pagc editor
ial in "Kommunist," the most
authoritative organ of the So
viet central committee, con
tained a catalogue of Chinese
doctrinal and political "here
sies" which added up to the ac
cusation that Peking has be
trayed and abandoned interna
tional communism.
Editorial Preceded
The editorial was preceded
on Sept. 21 by a Kremlin decla
ration which listed a host of
serious Sino-Soviet interstate
conflicts (as distinguished from
ideological divergences) high
lighted by the charge that
China was engaged in an old
fashioned imperialist practice
territorial grabs.
The traditional 30-year-old
great power conflict between
Czarist Russia and Imperial
China appeared to be flaring up
again and nut in the open.
Common Marxist ideology ap
pears no more able to remove
the dead hand of history than
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common religious faith pre
vented the Christian nations in
Europe from warring for cen
turies over dynastic and terri
torial claims.
Warns Against Efforts
Charging that the Chinese had
deliberately made more than
5.000 border incursions across
the Soviet frontier in the Si
berian Amur and Ussuri val
leys, the Kremlin sternly
warned against Chinese efforts
"artificially to create territor
ial problems ... by reference
to Old Testament data and the
tombs of ancestors."
"Thus to review historically
established borders would lead
to nothing good," the Soviet
statement added, as it simul
taneously disclosed for the first
time that Peking had rejected
Moscow's repeated offers to ne
gotiate frontier claims.
Earlier in September, Peking
had accused Soviet authorities
in Sinkiang (another historical
ly disputed area in Chinese
Central Asia) of coercing tens
of thousands of Chinese citizens
into fleeing to the Soviet Union.
Seek Refuge
In the Soviet version, about
60,000 men, women and chil
dren were forced by racist per
secution and famine to abandon
their present communes and
seek refuge across, the border
in Soviet Kazakhstan.
The refugees, the Russians
said, were admitted on purely
humanitarian grounds and
would not be forcibly returned
to China.
In the course of the past few
weeks the Soviet press has pub
lished a spate of eyewitness re
ports of massacre and syste
matic resettlement in the heart
of China involving thousands of
members of the national minori-
Mayor Reviews Trip
People who give "only mon'
cy" in the United Fund appeal
would give more if they could
see how the United Fund dol
lars are being stretched.
Thai's the opinion of Medford
Mayor James Dunlevy, who re
cently reviewed his tour of six
of the United Fund agencies,
sharing in monies now being
raised in the annual drive here.
The Louise Home, Our Lady
of Providence Nursery, Villa
St. Rose, Albcrtina Kerr Nurs
ery, St. Mary's Home for Boys
and Volunteers of America were
it's coming... NATURAL GAS
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NEW DIMENSION GIVEN The eruption of in
cidents reported along the almost 5,000-mile
Soviet-Chinese border has given a new dimen
sion to the massive Sino-Soviet conflict, which
has already shattered the monolithic structure
tics of Sinkiang (Chinese Turke
stan). Sinkiang has an estimat
ed population of about 5 mil
lion (M), most of whom are
ethnically and racially related
to the inhabitants of the So
viet Republics of Kazakhstan,
Kirghizia and Tadjikistan.
Such incidents over Sinkiang's
vast, unclcarly demarcated and
largely desert border are bound
to recur, giving the growing
bitterness between the two na
tions and the Chinese refusal,
as the Russians claim, to nego
tiate the dispute.
the agencies included in Dun-
levy's tour.
Not 'Dry-Eyed'
It was not a "dry-eyed in
spection, he admits. For every
member of the tour shed a
tear here and there before all
the work was viewed. But "it
was indeed an eye opener," ac
cording to Medford s mayor.
The first stop on the tour
was at the Louise Home where
Miss Elda Russell, supervisor
of the Albertina Kerr homes,
explained that the special ar
rangement of the dining room
had been made because of the
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R.
The Russian-Chinese border,
the longest in the world, is di
vided into two parts. The east
ern half of the frontier sepa
rates the Soviet Siberian Far
East from Manchuria and the
West segment divides Sinkiang
from Soviet Central Asia.
In the middle is the huge
"buffer" border state of Mon
golia, whose existence was le
gally recognized by Peking and
which appears to be Moscow's
faithful ally.
As far back as 1051 when
Sino-Soviet relations were still
AMUR TgSpA v
hive u nsi t
C II I H A i
To Agencies of United Fund
training of the emotionally dis
turbed girls to become profcS'
sional waitresses.
She mentioned that the an
nual budget for eye and dental
care had been depleted before
end ot the first quarter in 1963
Flu Continues to
Top Disease List
Influenza continued to top the
list of communicable diseases
reported to the Jackson county
health department last week,
according to Dr. A. Erin Mer
kcl, director of the Jackson
county health department.
Nine flu cases were reported
in Medford and three in
Phoenix.
Central Point, Medford and
Jacksonville each reported one
case of strep throat.
Other cases reported were
one of infectious meningitis at
Gold Hill, one of infectious
mononucleosis in Medford. one
case of mumps in Medford and
one in Ashland, one case of
impetigo in Medford and Jack
sonville, one case of tubercu
losis at White City, three cases
of German measles in Medford
and one of infectious hepatitis
in Talent.
One case of gonorrhea was re
ported in the county, Dr. Mcrkcl
said.
Congress Extends
Billboard Bonus
WASHINGTON (UPI1 - Con
gress has approved legislation
to extend (or two years the "bo
nus" offered to states that bar
billboards from interstate high
ways. The House completed final
action and sent the measure to
President Kennedy.
I'ndcr the bill some Ml states
will be given another chance to
take advantage of the offer that
they have spurned for the past
two years. This feature of the
highway program expired July
1.
The federal government's
share of the construction costs
of interstate highways is boost
ed by one-half of one per cent
in states which prohibit signs
and billboards within 660 feet
of the right-of-way of the inter
state roads.
Since the bonus provision was
enacted in 1958 only 20 states,
including Oregon, have enacted
laws to qualify for I h e
payments.
Group 8ocfc$ Plan to
Suspend Jones Act
WASHINGTON (LTD - The
Senate Commerce Committee
Friday reported out favorably
a proposal to suspend (or an ad
ditional two years Jones A c t
restrictions to permit continua
tion of west coast lumber ship
ments to Puerto Rico.
Sen. Maurine Neuberger, D
Ore., said the measure was
placed on the Senate calender.
SECRETARIES
NEW YORK 'I'PII - It lakes
the federal incime tax of six
average families to keep one
(cminine secretary rn the fed
eral payroll. Tax KounMation
incorporated, sty bp.si.ies her
; salary of t yenr, the tec
retary enUils g-jvernment ex-
Iprnditur of $,"01 mort lor her
nac, dek, typewriter end sup
. flies.
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFfmD, OREGON
Dimension To Sino-Soviet Conflict
of the Communist camp and virtually divided
it into two rival blocs. This newsmap shows
area (1) and (2), which have been of historic
importance to the two countries and have fig
ured in treaties of major political significance.
(UPI)
in their honeymoon stage the
Chinese published a map of
their 1840 frontiers which, they
claimed, extended beyond the
Amur River valley and east
ward to cover the whole Siber
ian Pacific coast including the
great port of Vladivostak, the
maritime province and Sakha
lin island.
The same map included in
the Chinese Empire large areas
(about half a million square
miles) of present Soviet Cen
tral Asia including the capital
The problem is being met, how.
ever, she explained, by savings
made in other areas through
purchase of some government
surplus foods, utilizing excess
crops in the area fields and or
chards, donations from food
merchants, home freezing and
canning. The girls, she assured
the visitors, will receive proper
dental and eye care.
As might be expected, it was
at Our Lady of Providence
Nursery that the emotions of
visitors were most difficult to
control, Dunlevy said.
Observing the specialized care
required by the children, 18
months to five years of age, at
this nursery, brought the real
ization that people like Mrs.
John Brcnnan, a volunteer
worker, are contributing some
thing much greater than mon
ey. Every race is represented
in the group of children with
congenital defects. All "share
equally," the mayor said, "in
the services of the devoted
County To Check
Worthington Road
The Jackson county roads
maintenance superintendent will
confer with a resident on Worth
ington rd. near Eagle Point over
possible improvement of the
road. County Engineer Robert
J. Carstensen and the county
court agreed Friday.
The superintendent will be in
structed to find out what the
resident, Mrs. Everett Moore,
(eels should be done and what
she would agree to as a mini
mum improvement.
The county court read a let
ter from her which stated her
six children have to walk 2'i
miles to the school bus stop
since the road is not passable
for the bus.
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135 PINE CEPN0:NAL 664-1273
iei i i i iiiiiiiii ii II e
cities of Tashkent (Uzbekistan),
Frunze (Kirghizia) and Alma
Ata (Kazakhstan).
Not Recognize Treaties
Following a pause of nine
years Peking this year, in an
official declaration, said that it
would not recognize the "un
equal treaties" of the last three
centuries under which the im
perialist powers carved up the
crumbling and helpless Chinese
Empire.
The Soviet Union, as the suc
cessors of Czarist Russia, was
held to be the legatee of Czar
ist imperialism. But the Soviets
don't accept that argument and
have told the Chinese that ref
erence to historical claims
"would be embarking on an ex
tremely dangerous path."
The Russians under Peter the
Great reached the Amur river
in 1682 but were pushed back
by the Chinese in 1689, only to
resume their successful march
to the Pacific 80 years later.
China formerly ceded those
areas to Russia by the treaties
of Aigun in 1858 and Peking in
1680.
Basis for Claims
The Chinese claims to those
land were based on the con
quest by the Manchus but they
had never settled them effec
tively. By contrast, the Russians
made Siberia as Russian as
California is American. It
would appear that the Chinese
would have no more success in
regaining Siberia than Mexico,
would have with regard to Cali
fornia. The Russians also completed
their conquest of present So
viet Central Asia in the middle
of the last century when the
area was ruled by feuding local
Moslem warlords.
Watching the girls at Villa
St. Rose move from classroom
to classroom, Dunlevy said it
was extremely difficult to be
lieve that the 120 girls enrolled
have been committed by their
local courts because of emo
tional or family difficulties.
"Under the Guidance of the
Sisters of the Good Shepherd,"
ne added, the majority re
turn to society educated and
adjusted to lead normal lives."
Shows More Evidence
The Albcrtina Kerr Nursery,
the tour found, showed more
evidence of the "splendid work
of Miss Russell."
In St. Mary's Home for Boys,
Dunlevy said it was easy to
believe Father Goodrich's state
ment that the boys do the jani
tor work around the place. The
work, he said, is not allotted
out as punishment, but is part
of the daily routine on the 680
acre farm that rehabilitates
about 150 school-age boys each
year. The state furnishes ap
proximately S1.90 of the $4.88
per day required to feed, shel
ter, clothe and educate each
boy.
Mothers and their children
who have been victims of brok
en homes and other tragedies
that have made them tempo
rarily helpless, are being cared
(or by the Volunteers of Amer
ica, joining ranks with other
dedicated orders and individ
uals, Dunlevy said.
Many in the Volunteers' care
are getting their first taste of
real home life in which some
one cares what they eat, when
they eat, how they sleep and
how they look.
The mayor voiced regret that
it is financially impossible to
give every person asked to con
tribute to the United Fund a
glimpse of the work as it was
viewed last May by the tour of
16 people.
FINANCE
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todiyl
The Chinese recognized Rus
sian sovereignty there by the j
treaty of Hi of 1881.
Left to Chinese
But the treaty of Hi left min-:
eral-rich Sinkiang, which was j
ruled by a local emir, nominal
ly to the Chinese although the
area remained a Soviet sphere
of interest and a protectorate
until the Chinese Communists
took over.
It took Mao Tse-Tung about
four months of hard bargain
ing with Stalin in 1950 to obtain
what were probably the last ter
ritorial concessions.
In an unprecedented act in
Russian history, Stalin volun
tarily gave up Soviet historic in
terests in Sinkiang and Manchu
ria and ceded China the ports
of Darien and Port Arthur.
Not Idealogy Alone
It is not ideology alone that
bears the seed of conflict be
Three ideas that shook
the automotive world.
Mass production (Ford's Model T): "Any color you want, as long as it's black,"
was the Iheory. Henry Ford built one standard model trial almost everyone could
offord to buy. The "T 'pul tHe country on wheels.
TKp rroH CO' (Vcll;v.an :, VoV-v.cae-.). The VVV cot.o o!o"3 ana caer?c 0
sens'b? i,Zi lew once. h:?h oos pi.os3 utter f!ohMv. cvelO woKTansmo
ora a shepp incwos o'acvsio st!e Yoj can sti.l go on?
MORSE
6th Cr Ivy
tween the Soviet Union and
China.
Geopolitical factors, differ
ence in tradition, race, stages
of economic development, the
upsurge of Nationalist senti
ments and the revival of old
national rivalries all spell in
creasing trouble between the
erstwhile comrades.
Conflict is particularly likely
to develop in the critical Sin
kiang area which is so remote
from the Chinese heartland and
so close to the relatively flour
ishing Soviet Republics of Cen
tral Asia.
The frontier situation here, in
the opinion of diplomatic ob
servers, is potentially more dan
gerous than the border conflict
between China and India.
Fall on Deaf Ears
The Chinese effort to divide j
the world along racial lines the j
yellows and the blacks against'
MOTORS
Phone 772 -
the whites may fall on the deaf
ears of the non-Chinese minori
ties of Sinkiang.
The rule of the Chinese war
lords has not tended toward
gaining the sympathies of the
Kazakhs and Uigurs of Sinki
ang. To them the absence of
communes and the relatively
greater autonomy their kinsmen
across the Soviet border, appar
ently enjoy may prove more
attractive than Peking's appeal
to race.
The Outer Mongolians have
already rejected Chinese blan
dishments and have rallied to
the Russians in the Moscow
Peking tug-of-war.
But unsettled Sinkiang with
its multi-racial population and
substantial deposits of oil, tung
sten and wolfram straddling a
desert border may become the
focal point of the Sino-Soviet
territorial controversy.
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