f. .
SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 22. 19M
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGON
ecomid Session of Ecumenical Council To pen Sunday
By LOUIS CASSELS
United Press International
More than 2,500 Catholic car
dinals, patriarchis, bishops and
abbots from all parts of the
world will gather in Rome next
week to carry out the dying
wish of Pope Jonn xxin.
As his life was ebbing away
last June, Pope John repeat
edly voiced his fervent hope
for continuation ot tnc ,cumerv
ical council which he had sum
moned to "let a little fresh air
Into the church.'
The first act of his successor,
Pone Paul VI, was to announce
that the council would be re
sumed. To Start Sept. 2!t
The second session will start,
in St. Peter's Basilica next Sun
day Sept. 29, and continue
through Dec. 8.
It may well prove to be the
most important religous meet
ing of this century or of many
centuries.
The primary goal of the coun
cil, slated by Pope John and
forcefully reiterated by Pope
Paul, is to bring about a far
reaching "renewal" of the 500
million-member Roman Catholic
church.
The council fathers will take
up a tremendous variety of
problems, ranging from use of
modern languages in the mass
to the church's stand on birth
control. They will seek, in Pope
Johns phrase, to "nring tne
church un lo date" without
sacrificing any of its ancient
truths.
The Long Range Hope
The long range hope is that
the council will advance the
cause of Christian unity by re
forming some Catholic practices
and clarifying others that are
stumbling blocks to protestant
and orthodox Christians.
But no one expects the coun
cil fathers to resolve all tne
differences which divide the
Christian family. They won't be
trying to produce a "new Cath
olicism" acceptable to Baptists
and Methodists. Their purpose is
to rediscover what is fundament
al and enduring in the Catholic
faith, and to prune away any
accumulations of human error
which collect around a church
like barnacles on a ship.
The determination of the
council fathers to concentrate
on the renewal of genuine Cath
olicism rather than on Chris
tian unity per se is heartily en
dorsed by protestant leaders
who have learned from their
own experience in Ecumenical
cooperation that the shortest
road to reunion is for each
body lo he obedient In its own
vision of the will of Christ. Of
kiwi JL5yan"s ytjkt
11 1 w p f p .
role for the laity in Catholic
life.
A clear-cut statement up
holding the right of every hu
man being to worship according
to the dictates of his own consci
ence, and the duty of every
government to respect this re
ligious liberty.
Modification of Canon
A modification of the Canon
law on mixed marriages, which
requires the non-Catholic part
ner to promise that children will
be reared as Catholics.
Abolition of the index of
forbidden books, which dates
back to the inquisition.
A statement on divine rev
elation which will encourage i the 17-item agenda for the sec-
aiiivm uiuiLai oiuuj auu ono. session in aoumiui. nun
clarity tne church s teaching
that divine truth has been com
municated both in written scrip
ture and in the oral tradition
of the church.
A catch-all statement on
"the church in the modern
adjournment already set for
Dec. 8 so that the bishops can
return to their home dioceses
in time for Christmas, some
Vatican sources are predicting
that it will be necessary to
world" which will touch on such t hold a third council session in
topics of current controversy as i the fall of 1964
birth control, racial justice, so
cialism, relations with Commu
mist regimes and ways to pre
serve world peace.
Action Seen Doubtful
Whether the fathers can act
One thing seems certain, Pope
Paul will keep the council in
session for as long as necessary
to accomplish the "Aggiorna-
mento, or renewal, which his
predecessor launched, and for
on all these and many other which he offered his last pray,
important matters contained inlers on earth.
Second Anniversary of Peace
Corps Being Observed Today
(Editor's note: The Peace
Corps celebrates Its second an
niversary today. How do the
Peace Corps workers feel
about their jobs? Many want
to go back. Some are disillu
sioned. A consensus is con
tained in the following dispatch.)
LOOK TOWARD THRONE Council fathers line Major where Papal throne is located. This pic
stands in this general view of the main nave turc was taken during the first session of Ecu
of St. Peter's Basilica, looking toward Altar menical Council II. (UPI)
all churches more closer to their
common center, these leaders
say, they will inevitably draw
closer together.
Will Re Represented
Major protcstaanl and ortho
dox communions will be repre
sented at the second session of
the council, as they were at the
first session, by annul 40 ot
ft is generally anticipated
that things will move much
faster and more smoothly al
the second session. During the
first session, which lasted from
Ocl. 11 to Dec. 8, 19112, the
council fathers managed In take
up only (our of 70 items on Ihoir
agenda, and did not complete
acnon on any
Another reason for anticipat
ing swifter action at the second
session is that Pope Paul will
insist on it. As Cardinal Mon
tini of Milan, he made a stirring
speech near the end of the
lirst session, deploring the slow
pare of the council and calling
(or a wholesale revision of the
cumbersome drafts which had
The slow pace of Ihe first , hogged down debate.
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' Pnno Paul !c ,.nnL-wln.-nrl In
he at least as progressive, and
pernaps more progressive in his
views than Pope John. As a
veteran of the Vatican bureau
racy, he knows all about the
strategies which Curia profes
sionals can employ to slow or
sidcrack reform movements of
debate without stifling opposi-1 which they disapprove. And he
tion. Most important, there had is not likely to be as tolerant
ficial observers who will he , session was nrobahlv inevitable
free lo attend all the secret 1 Since this is the first such
debates. I worldwide meeting of Catholic
oisnnps in nearly a century,
none of the participants had
any previous council experience.
It look them time to get or
ganized, work out rules of pro
cedure and learn how to limit
to be a feeling-out period, to
test sentiment and determine
whether a majority of the bis
hops really shared the Pope's
desire for renewal.
Essential Preliminaries
These essential preliminaries
were accomplished at Ihe first
session. And it was made clear
on every test vote that the ad
vocates of renewal vastly out
numbered the stand-pat faction
led by the conservatives of the
Roman Curia.
of genteel footdragging from his
own official household as was
the infinitely patient Pope John.
The first completed work to
emerge from the council pos
sibly within a few days after
the second session convenes
is likely to be a statement of
liturgy which the bishops de
bated for three weeks last fall.
The general outlines of the
statement already have been
approved hy a nearly unanimous
vote and the fathers have only
During the past nine months, i . ur
while the council was in re- T, . . Vh. p f
. :,, u . . the document to the Pope for
cess committees have been: . , rf promuRati'on.
hard at work in Rome, boiling 11 . '
down Ihe unmanagable agenda '!,lin ls Retained
and rewriting draft statements It retains Latin in the main
too reactionary or stuffy. The parts of the mass the offertory,
central coordinating commis-: consecrealion and communion
sion, headed by Amleto Cardi
nal Cicogani, the Vatican secre
tary of state, succeeded in re
ducing the agenda (or the sec
ond session to 17 items.
Draft statements of "Schema
ta" which will serve as the ve
hicles for council debate on
these 17 items have been cir-
service but authorizes the use
of modern languages in other
portions of the service, including
scripture lessons and prelimin
ary prayers and chants.
Other major issues scheduled
to come before the second ses
sion of the conucil include:
A "decentralization" plan
culaled to all the bishops of i which would grant considerably
the church for advance study, i more local autonomy to bishops
In several countries, bishops j and to national Episcopal con
have held national conferences ferences, enabling them to de
le discuss the issues before go-; ride many matters which now
ing to Rome. American bishops have to be referred lo Ihe Ro
me! in Chicago in early Au- man Curia
gust for this purpose
-Defining a more important
TUESDAY i
SEPT- 24
i '",-"u.-. .........
rtilltlil "-j.,, eol " .,i. Ot. iieiil
-srTe-i-
COLUMBIAN OPTICAL CO.
MEOfORO SHOPPING CENTER
By GEORGE WEEKS
United Press International
WASHINGTON (UPI) -With
two years of work behind them,
most Peace Corps volunteers
(eel the job was worth the doing.
Those who don't, found the
program blocked by red tape in
underdeveloped nations. Some
were bitter. They said they
could not break through the in
ertia ot the people they were
sent to help. Still others were
disappointed with their recep-
iiuna in uie nations iney were
supposed to aid.
Peace Corps Director Sargent
Shriver told United Press Inter
national that the corps asked for
comments and criticisms from
more than 700 volunteers who
have completed their tours of
duty.
Here is a sampling of what
they found:
James Welcome, Bloomington,
III., said "for actual accomplish
ments we may have been a fail
ure, but maybe some of the
ideas we tried to give them will
iaKc noin.
Doug Darling, of Tulsa, Okla.,
said his work in the Philippines
convinced him the Peace Corps
was a "wonderful vehicle for
winning new friends, and keep
ing tne triends we already
have."
In Tanganyika, Jerry Parsons
of Albany, N.Y., said he was so
well liked that he was offered
a wife and a farm if he would
stay on the job.
But in Ethiopia, one volunteer
said the government tried to dis
courage the Peace Corps work
ers "because they are afraid we
will acquaint the common
masses with a better way of
life."
Susan Johnson of Sausalito,
Calif., reported that in the Phil
ippines the people "were very
dubious at having the great
white Americans descend upon
them ... There was no hostil
ity. . .Rut we could never over
come their underlying doubts
about our mission."
Today the Peace Corps is two
years old. It has 6,6.34 volunteers
assigned to, or training for, 49
countries.
The Philippines has the great
est number of workers in the
Far East. In Africa, there were
about 2,208 volunteers either
training for African assignments
or already on duty.
Wants Ex-Volunteers
Shriver said it is the goal of
the corps to some day have the
entire program managed by ex
volunteers. He said they have
seen its shortcomings and suc
cesses, and that their help will
be invaluable for a "flexible,
dynamic Peace Corps.".
The consensus of the returning
volunteers indicates that most
of them feel their service was
worthwhile.
But the most frequent com
ment heard was that the public
has the wrong "image" about
the corps.
One Peace Corns volunteer
said the "volunteer is portrayed
in silhouette against a sun going
down behind the palms. He has
a shovel over his shoulder, a
child at his feet, and he is look
ing onward and upward."
This image, he said, is hard to
equate with practice but adds
that the "Peace Corps is doing
an amazingly good job from the
standpoint of need."
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