MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD. OREGON
UESUAY, SKKiEMBKK 10, IMS
The Numbers Game II
;.':t?'''"t
A 7
Automation Sometimes Turns Numbers Askew; People Revolt Against, System
Editor's note Americans live
their lives "by the numbers,"
but sometimes the numbers
spewed out by modern com
puters go astray or go too far.
The following dispatch, the sec
ond of three, reports on how
some Americans have revolted
against the numbers game.
By BARNEY SEIBERT
VPl Correspondent
On the Pacific Coast 1962 was
the year of the great telephone
revolt.
In May of last year Pacific
Telephone 4 Telegraph Co. an
nounced it was converting all
its San Francisco exchanges to
all-digit dialing.
American Telephone and Tele
graph Co. said it was running
out of numbers, what with 3.8
million new phones going in
every year in the nation. With
the named exchanges there
were only 540 exchange com
binations possible on telephone
dials. With numbers, the phone
company said, 576 combinations
were possible.
The formation of the Anti-
The Medical Roundup
Eraeriuii Consultant In Mediclnt
Mayo runic
Emeritus Professor of Medicine
Mayo Clinic
(Register xjd Tribune Syndicate.
1961)
Child Learns To Talk
Many mothers write, worried
because their child of 2 or 3 or
4 vears isn't talking, or saying
much. Natural-It-
thttv n r f
v - 1 unnrlerine if the
child is mental-
-Rf$M V retarded, ana
"S j if en hnwfsr
IE . Sf-J Kl..'. t.
ftiS 1S ne? Because
f&y y 1 1 am no expert
fV M::f I In this fioirl tn
1 get an answer,
Aivarc i generally pull
down from my library shelves
a book by the famous Dr. Gesell,
who spent his life finding out
just when a child should say
occasional words, and when he
should put three or more words
together to form a sentence.
In "Today's Health." for April,
1963, 1 found an article by Flora
Rheta Schreiber who once wrote
a book on children's speech. In
this article she tells what a
child, at the different ages,
should be achieving in the way
of speech. To illustrate: she tells
about a 14-month-old girl who
had such a superior intelligence
that she could say, when her
father commented on her en
thusiastic behavior, "But Daddy,
I'm happy."
Mrs. Schreiber says that some
times a boy will come out with
a good sentence which shows
that for some time he has been
learning to talk, but perhaps
for reasons of shyness, has not
said much. Perhaps, at the age
of 2, he did not say much, but
at 3 he was talking to the chil
dren about him, and he was
making sentences. As Mrs.
Schreiber says, the better the
child can talk, the less likely
he is to be a problem to those
FUND FOR GOLDWATER
SAVANNAH, G a. (UPI)
Georgians have contributed
more than $30,000 to the national
movement to draft Sen. Barry
Goldwater (R-Ariz.) for presi
dent, state chairman Joseph
Tribble said Monday.
Farms along the New York-
Pennsylvania border raise two
thirds of the nation's commer
cial buckwheat crop.
about him. Also, she says:
"Your child may be slower than
normal for his age, and yet not
be so slow that you have to
worry about him."
May Use Single Word
During the first year of life,
children seldom use sentences,
and some children may not even
use words. Often a small child
will use a single word like "up,"
when he means he wants to be
picked up and perhaps taken
out of his playpen. Or, as au
parents know, he may say,
milk," when he wants his Dot
tle.
At the beginning of his second
year. Johnny may oe using
nouns as sentences. If he says,
water," he wants water; or if
he says, "ball," he means "Give
me a ball." But soon he begins
to combine nouns and verbs to
form sentences. This tendency
is likely to come between the
ages of 13 and 27 months. On
the average, one can expect him
to be making his first sentence
at the age of 17 months. But he
may begin to make sentences
somewhere around the age of
21 months.
After that he should be trying
to make his sentences longer
and more complex and more
varied. By the age of 2 years,
Johnny is likely to be asking
all sorts of questions.
By the 18th month, about a
fourth of our children are using
noun and verb phrases; some
of them perhaps containing only
two words. Between the 21st and
24th months there is often con
siderable progress in the ability
to think in an abstract way
Johnny may then say, "My
Mommy," which involves the
idea of possession.
By his third birthday his sen
tences should be somewhat sim
ilar in length, grammar, and
structure to the ones that his
oarents use. With each passing
month, he uses more complex
and compound sentences. Then
he should begin to string several
sentences together. He may still
be omitting auxiliary verbs,
prepositions, conjunctions, some
pronouns, and articles.
Meaning To Sayings
During the fourth year, the
Digit Dialing League was sport-,
sored by a group of such seri
ous thinkers as semanticist Dr.
S. I. Hayakawa, whose talent?
do not run to remembering
seven digits. They decided
"there ought to be a law."
Psvchologist Jack Block of
the University of California at
Berkeley cited the Wechsler
adult intelligence test, which
savs that onlv the most efficient
minds can remember numbers
of more than six digit.
Gone Too Far'
Carl Mavs. executive secre
tary of the Great Issues Founda
tion, said, "this passive accept
ance of creeping mechanism has
gone far enough.
Hayakawa charged that "the
telephone company is saving it
self trouble by giving it to us.
We need a little poeiry in
our lives and the end ol tne
named exchanges will take it
away," the semanticist saw.
Five hundred miles to the
south comedian Allan Sherman
in Los Angeles gave the ADDL
moral siinnort bv writing a song
called "Let's All Call Up AT&T
and Protest to the President,
Marnh "
The ADDL carried its fight
to the California Public Utilities
rnmrnissinn. where it still is
continuing.
T wlr its stand. ADDL wit
MCO testified that the phone
could have multi
plied the possible number com
binations nearly ten-fold with
,0.ri!in tn all-digit dialing,
uui v.w..p -- ..... ,.,
A psychologist lesuueu
children would be more apt to
foreet the all-digit emergency
phone numDers unuei sue
c..e Su-itrhnvpr Painless
AT&T officials in Kew ions
countered that the switcn to
all riioit numbers came with
little difficulty there and
most ot tne opposition aiu r
fore the system was acuiany
i,tUoH AT&T said researcn
indicated all digit dialing "would
present no serious memory proo-
. .1 . tilA In ale
lem suDsequeui new t..-.
confirmed this.
Rut the transition was;it
it that nainless for some.
for example, ineie w "-
fellow who telephoned unuea
Press International in Chicago
and asked, "UPI7 Where: 000a
gosh, I was calling my insur
ance company in Pittsburgh.'
Such things, the scientists
point out, are human not ma
chine error.
Irma Wyman, engineering
consultant for the Minneapolis
Honeywell Regulator Co., said
the chance of even the most fal
lible electronic computer mak
ing an error is "one in one
million . million - million."
Rut errors do happen and
when they occur they may be
oioanlic. There was the lucw
soul in Texas who found that
a computer had deposited
whopping sum of money in his
checking account and he
promptly withdrew it.
Late Birthday Card
There was the fellow in Chi
cago who mailed a birthday
card to a suburb, using the new
Zip code. It was delivered more
than a week later after stop
overs (according to postmarks)
in two other cities.
Warden Ross Randolph of Il
linois' Menard State Peniten
tiary said that introduction of
the post office Zip code has
slowed delivery of newspapers
to prisoners by three or lour
days.
"We can't stand much more
of that efficiency,"' he said.
The University of Utah, link
ed along with six other schools
to a computer in Los Angeles
by means of a telephone line,
sent the same mathematical!
nrnhlnm with slioht variations
" t v
17 times. Seventeen times the
university got an answer, fn
the 18th time, the computer
apparently tired
things, relusea
problem.
tired of the whole and) a r
ised to accept the p6t a It'ri
lUff
hi Thrf' there was the magazine
publjlher who bought an auto
jmtfc "machine to handle his
siibi'ription list. Something
'ninnt 'imvtnu with tVia mnr-hiriA
a f single new subscriber
t (truck load of copies of a
UMaUf.
Most bank errors resulting in
the automated accounting sys
tems come when a deposit is
entered before the computer has
been advised that a new account
has been opened.
In this situation the compu
ter will "either credit the de
posit to an account that isn't
there or forget about it entire
ly," Miss Wyman of Minneap
olis - Honeywell said.
Next; Is man losing his iden
tity to numbers?
i.
REGISTER NOW
September 30 FALL TERM September 30
DAY AND NIGHT CLASSES
Robertson School of Business
40 North Riverside Medford 773-4264
h
1
child should be talking well. He
should be putting words together
properly, and he should be giv
ing color, emphasis, ana specmc
meaning to wnai ne says.
During his fifth year, John
nv's average sentence is be
tween four and five words. He
also continues to master t n e
grammar of a well-rounded sen
tence. He should keep on length
ening his sentences until he is
9'4 years old.
The nprson who has epilepsy
may never have had a typical
j seizure. Dr. Alvarez outlines
I some interesting facts about this
: often misunderstood disease in
his 25-cent booklet called, "What
lis Epilepsy?" You may get a
! copy of it by sending 25 cents
and a self-addressed, stamped
envelope with your request for
it to Dr. Walter C. Alvarez,
Dept. MMT, Box 957, Des
Moines, Iowa, 50304.
11
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