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Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40
and 50 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
August 25, 1953 (Tuesday)
The first step in establish'
ine emergency radio com
munication with the Apple
gate valley will be taken to
morrow, according to Jack
son county civil defense di
rector. Weather forecast: Partly
cloudy with a few showers,
Low tonight 48-50. High to
morrow 70-75.
20 YEARS ACO
August 25, 1943 (Wednaidiy)
Herbert W. Mitchell of Med-
ford said Japanese prisoner
of war.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pot" column: "Pump
kins are now gaining their
autumnal rotundity and the
first pumpkin pies made out
of squash have showed up in
the eating houses."
30 YEARS ACO
August 25, 1933 (Friday)
Relief board issues call for
Strong, able-bodied workers.
Marc Jarmin to open drug
store on North Central ave.
40 YEARS ACO
August 25, 1923 (Saturday)
Jackson county exhibit ar
ranged at state fair.
Chlsholm group of quick
silver mines in Gold Hill area
to resume.
50 YEARS AGO
August 25. 1913 (Monday)
Iradell Phipps, one of the
county's oldest pioneers, dies.
Many exhibitors display
products at commercial club
show.
What's Your I.Q.?
Nina or tan correct b tueerler;
seven or sight it excellent re a
sis it good.
1. Prior to President Tru
man, who was the last Vice
President to succeed to the
office of the President
through death of hia prede
cessor?
2. Which state borders on
onlv one other state?
3. Do the arteries carry
blood to the heart, from the
heart, or both?
4. Is riposte a term used
In music, bridge, fencing, or
polo?
S. Sovereignty over south
ern Sakhalin and the Kurlles
was promised to Russia at
what WWII conference in the
Crimea?
6. How many red, and how
many white stripes are there
on the U.S. flag?
7. If a cattle boat carries
cattle, what does a pig boat
carry?
8. Two trains on parallel
tracks leave at tne same
time, travel the same speed
and arrive at the same desti
nation. One takes 80 minutes,
the other 1 hour and 20 min
utes; why the difference?
9. In boxing, which of
these is the lightest weight
lightweight, bantam weight
flyweight or featherweight?
10. Which state covers the
largest land area?
Answers) 1. Coolldgt. 2.
Maine. 3. From the heart. 4.
Fencing. 5. Yalta. . 7 red,
white. 7. Men (submarine).
8. No difference. 9. Fly
weight. 10. Alaska.
SJAMOCIATION
SUNDAY. AUGUa f 25. 1S63
Teacher
The real test of the effectiveness of a n y
change in an educational program, especially the
method of teaching, comes from the pupils and
the parents of those pupils.
If the reaction to change is good, if enthu
siasm is expressed by both pupils and parents,
and if the pupil learns better, then the change
can be considered a success.
This was demonstrated in Medford at a
workshop for 25 teachers on how a team of
teachers would instinct
elementary school students.
THE workshop was
RIlPPPRSflll.
Vindicated that the team approach to teach
ing is perhaps part of the answer to educating
future generations more economically, without
losing the student's individuality, and of pro
viding the student with an opportunity of learn
ing more, faster.
There is virtually no
value of the workshop;
mensely to the wealth
teaching methods and
area educators through
tricts throughout the country.
Its value will become evident over a pe
riod of years in developing team teaching sit
uations in this area. Its ultimate value, of course,
will be a better educated member of society.
1MANY of the parents who were briefly ex
posed to some of the basic principles of
team teaching Thursday expressed the hope that
such a teaching method could be adopted in
the Medford district.
Such a program will be used, but it will
be another year or so before a full-fledged team
of teachers is organized. Some organization
along the lines of a team is planned this year
through teacher cooperation and partial departmentalization.
Team teaching has,
cal educators, been approached and adopted
rather slowly. Even in Lexington, Mass., where
teams of teachers have taught for six years, all
elementary or secondary schools do not utilize
teaching teams.
It would be almost
full operation with a teaching team in one year;
it takes more organization than that, not only
in class scheduling, but in organizing teachers
into groups in which there would be no serious
personality conflicts, or other problems to pre
vent the team from operating smoothly.
TEAM teaching is not a cure-all for education
al ills. There are problems for which there
is not yet a solution.
One of the major problems is when a pu
pil transfers from a team teaching situation to
a conventional-type classroom and finds himself
a grade or two more advanced than the group
into which he is transferred.
The workshop conducted here was well re
ceived, well organized and well conducted. It
provided the finishintr touches for many local
teachers on what the teaching team is supposed
to do and how it is supposed to do it.
Dr. Leon Minear, state superintendent of
public instruction, visiting the workshop, said
he felt the workshop was one of the brighter
spots in the Oregon Program.
UAD IT NOT been for
A Vmurovov QllrVi a wnvlrclmr YnicrVit Ttnt- Viavo
been possible. As Dr. Minear pointed out:
Most (school) budgets are so closely plan
ned that there is no money for experimentation.
The Oregon Program has
tation possible, and Dr.
and his staff are making a valuable contnbu
tion through experimentation to the education of
our girls and boys.
Cooperation between
Southern Oregon college and the state depart
ment of education is responsible for the success
of the workshop.
CONCERNING the Oregon Program here, Dr.
Minonv snirl
"Medford operates
tern. The leadership of
and his stair is well recognized throughout the
state. 1 m certain that members of the state board
of education feel that if we've been able to
help in achieving excellence here through the
Oregon rrogram we win
"It is our hope that
provement of the quality of education can come
from the local districts. It is our responsibility
to foster it and encourage it. The kind of lead
ership the department can give is relatively
meager when you consider the potential of the
local districts. We encourage this leadership
wnerever we can.
jVflEDFORD school district and Southern Ore
gon college now
demonstrate tne practical application of knowl
edge received through visitations and workshops
to improve tne quality of education.
The workshop completed Friday will give
them the practical experience and confidence
to proceed more rapidly toward organizing and
utilizing new methods of teaching in this area.
Some rather apparent changes will be noticeable
this year, but because of activity in the Oregon
Program, changes will be more pronounced in
the future. E. H. A.
Workshop
a group 01 aoout iuu
small, but it was highly
way of measuring tne
but it has added im
of information about
techniques acquired by
visitations to other dis
in areas visited by lo
impossible to go into
the Ford Foundation,
made this experimen
(Leonard) Mayfield
the school district and
a very fine school svs
Dr. Leonard Mavfield
all be quite happy.
leadership for the im
have an opportunity to
Tribal
Matter of Fact
(c New York Herald
(Joseph Alaop is on vaca
tion this month - and gath
ering material both in this
country and abroad for fu
ture columns. During his
absence, top members of the
staff of the New York Her
ald Tribune will substitute
for him.)
By DON IRWIN
BEFORE THE MARCH
Washington - As President
Kennedy told his last news
conference, the civil rights
issue won't "stand or fall" on
the outcome of next Wednes
day's march on Washington by
some 100,000 advocates of
"jobs and freedom" for
Negroes. But without hard
headed planning in which the
President played a part, the
march might now be looming
as an unmitigated disaster for
the cause of equal rights.
Blueprints for the demon
stration are focused on one
purpose: driving home de
mands advanced by six lead
ing Negro organizations.
There have been painstaking
efforts to insulate it from vio
lence and from any sugges
tion that the marchers are
doing more than exercise the
Constitution right "peaceably
to assemble and to petition
the government for a redress
of grievances."
Planning for the march
could well have taken other
directions. There was no firm
shape for the venture when
the idea of a "March on Wash-
In the Day's News
By FRANK JENKINS
Probing question:
What is the BIG problem in
the Senate hearings in Wash
ington on the test ban treaty?
It may be this:
Are the Russians farther
ahead in the race to develop
an ANTI-MISSILE MISSILE
than we are?
DR. TELLER thinks they are.
SDcakine at a luncheon
at the National Press Club in
Washington, he said:
The Soviet union, througn
their magnificent test series
in 1B61 and 1962, may have
gained the knowledge to en
able them to PERFECT such
a missile."
He conceded that he doesn't
know whether such a weapon
has been developed by Rus
sia, but he noted that "they
claim they can shoot a fly
from the sky
TVR. TELLER has been joined
J in his objections to the
test ban treaty by Dr. John
Foster. Jr.. director of the
Lawrence radiation laboratory
at Livermore, Calif.
He t e s 1 1 f i e d that "from
purely technical military con
siderations the test ban treaty
appears to be disadvantageous
to us.
He added that one of his
starkest worries is that the
United States will not be able
to PROOF-TEST ITS WEAP
ONS $YSTEM because of the
lack of atmospheric tests -particularly
as they relate to
ANTI-MISSILE DEFENSE
and protection of the U. S.
missile sites.
YOU MAY ASK?"
What is an anti-missile
missile?
Well, it is a missile that can
be launched up into the air
to seek out and destroy the
missiles that an enemy may
have launched again.tt us.
2 DO NOT have such a
DEVELOP such a weapon, we
must be able to tost it in tne
air. The treaty bans such test
ing. What the Russians m.iy
have learned about anti
missile missiles we do not
know.
But thev did a lot of atmos
pheric testing back in 1961
and 1962 in the course of
which they developed MON-
STER missiles. These monster
missiles may be what it takes
to destroy enemy missiles.
That is the basis of Dr. Tell-
er s contention.
hicutOtxO MAiL, 'inliUni, MtDrOHD. OHtGON
Ritual
By Joseph Alsop
Tribune Syndicate
ington" to protest joblessness
among Negroes was first put
forward in May by A. Philip
Randolph, president of the
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car
Porters. As tensions crackled
in racial incidents from coast
to coast, Negro leaders scram
bled to back the project.
JUST AS the President sub
m i 1 1 e d his inevitably
explosive civil rights program
to Congress on June 19, friends
of civil rights were jolted by
a suggestion that the marchers
concentrate on Capitol Hill
and possibly stage "sit-ins" in
Congressional offices to under
score their determination that
the bill must pass.
There was concern among
the rights program's Congres
sional backers and at the high
est levels of the Administra
tion that any such pressure
play would bring a formida
ble Congressional counter
reaction and nullify any
chance of the bill's approval.
The President, meeting
with Negro leaders on June
22, explored with them the
idea of calling off the march.
He was told that support for
the concept was too deep
rooted; it couldn't be done.
The President's brother, At
torney General Robert F.
Kennedy, told a television in
terviewer the next day he
thought "perhaps the an
nouncement of such a march
is premature." Congress, he
said, "should have the right
to debate and discuss this kind
of legislation without this
kind of pressure."
Y July 2, the plan was
fixed along less contro
versial lines: a march "in"
not "on" Washington, shorn
of all overtones of civil dis
obedience. The decision was
reached at a New York con
ference of leaders of the fix
sponsoring organizations aft
er considering the views of
everyone in government who
mattered, starting with the
President.
The toughest job of the or
ganizers was to free the dem
onstration from the taint of
the "non-violent" disobedi
ence that had touched off so
many incidents from Birm
ingham to Manhattan. To this
end, the leaders reached
these decisions:
Restriction of the march
to a one-day demonstration
with arrangements for all
marchers to return home
using the transportation that
brought them.
Substitution of token
calls by ten leaders on the
President and influential Con
gressmen for any mass dem
onstrations at the While
House or the Capitol.
Closest liaison with
Washington police, with the
Civil Rights Division of the
Justice Department, and with
t h e Interior Department,
which has jurisdiction over
the Washington and the Lin
coln Memorial sites whore
most of the marchers will
gather.
Arrangements for such a
venture require logistic and
security preparations on a
military scale. For the past
week, headquarters has been
in the cavernous auditorium
of a Washington Negro radio
station where batteries of
volunteers are working under
the direction of the Rev. Wal
ter E. Fauntroy, regional rep
resentative of the Southern
Christian Leadership Confer-
I ence.
I OG1STICALLY, the plan
" ning extends all the way
from public address systems
to comfort stations, from box
lunches for the improvident
to parking spaces for those
who disregard urgent re
quests to use public transpor
tation. On the security side, the
i orcanizers have lined im a
j plainclothes force of 2.000
"marshals "most of them
' off-duty Negro policemen
j from New York to insure
internal order. In case of
trouble with outsiders, not-
Today & Tomorrow
By Walter
(Cl 1963. The
EXPERTS AND THE
TREATY
In reading what the mili
tary chiftains have to say
about the test ban treaty, we
must not for
get that the
fundamen t a 1
issue is not
military. It is
not one on
which a mili
tary man as
such has any
special compe
t e n c e. The
fun damental
issue Is one of
Llppmann
scientific method, whether
continued testing in the at
mosphere will produce signif
icant, perhaps decisive, mili
tary advantages either for the
Soviet Union or the United
States.
The opinions of General
Power and General LeMay on
the probable results of future
tests in the atmosphere are
not one bit more expert than
the opinion of Secretary Mc
Namara. They are all laymen
in this field, and their opin
ions are at best like the opin
ion of a judge when he has
listened to the testimony and
the arguments of both sides.
The genuine experts in this
field are scientific men who
have worked experimentally
in nuclear physics and in the
ably the Washington area's
little nest of neo-Nazis, the
entire 2,900-man Washing
ton police force will be on
duty, along with 1.600 Na
tional Guardsmen. If needed,
4,000 soldiers and Marines
stationed around Washing
ton are available for duty.
Federal officials best in
formed on the planning in
cline toward the President's
view that the rights issue
won't "stand or fall" on
Wednesday's outcome. But
they will breathe a lot more
easily if the day ends with
out trouble. And if it does, it
will be a special kind of vic
tory for the marchers and
their cause, for foes of the
civil rights bill are waiting
to pounce on any disorders in
the wake of the march. A
wholly peaceful demonstra
tion will rob them of a wea
pon that could be potent in
the Congressional debates
that still lie ahead.
lis ttueat. Urns
"A good paper is supposed to
S'mailer. can't you stand
yours?"
No Easy Answers for Viet Nam Impasse
By ERIC SEVAREID
Henry Cabot Lodge is ei
ther a very brave man or one
astoundingly insensitive to the
1 risks to his
g personal repu-
4 l a i i o n. ne
'j proves tnis oy
H for J-1 King to Vict
v . . A J Urtlll CI! "Kill-
crican ambas-
s a d o r at a
lfUM wit'' the Diem
Sevarcld gov eminent
are rapidly corroding, a time
that may well encompass the
collapse of our undeclared
war against the Communist
Viet Cong. A storm is com
ing and :! is permissible to
think the President wanted a
hostage to fortune in the form
of a highly placed Republican
against a day of political
reckoning at home.
-
One can hope that Ambassa
dor Lodge will be as frank
with the Diem regime as it is
with us - much more rank
than was jenator Loose in a more complete, tne new am
remarkably similar dilemma j bassador must deal with an
long ago. Twenty years ago j imperious woman who exer
this month he was coming out cises considerable power, is
of Nationalist China with a furiously resentful of criti-
senatorial investigating group
as I was going in. My own friends, and entirely capable
magazine report on the un- i of laying down the law - in
happy truth about the Chiang j public - to the one govern-Kai-shek
government and its mcnt which keeps the show
war effort and aims was sue-
! cessfully killed by a nervous
i State Department and the
j truth did not burst on the
I shaken American public until
G e n c r a 1 Stilwell returned
about a year later. Senator
lippminn
Washington Pout
related fields
and biology.
of chemistry
HPHE crucial controversy is
over the probable value
of more atmpospheric testing.
On the one hand, there are
those who, like Dr. Teller, be
lieve that, if unlimited atmos
pheric testing is allowed, the
United States will forge way
ahead of the Soviet Union and
will achieve the absolute
weapon, an anti-missile de
fense which will disarm the
nuclear forces of the Soviet
Union.
On the other hand, there is
an array of eminent scientists
who say that the more the
two powers test, the more
they will make the same dis
coveries and unlock the same
secrets.
The belief In a unique
breakthrough is a romantic
form of self-deception. Dr.
Teller's promise that Amer
ican scientists will be able to
do what the Soviet scientists
will not be able to do is not a
scientific judgment. It is a
reckless pseudo-patriotic gam
ble on the inherent superior
ity of American over Russian
scientists.
TN the Soviet Union, there
are, of course, the counter
parts to Dr. Teller and the Air
Force generals. These Rus
sians would also be willing to
bet on the superiority of their
scientists, and they, too,
would like to try for the de
cisive breakthrough to an ab
solute weapon.
The great value of the
treaty is that U takes out of
the race of armaments
which will, of course, con
tinue most of the feverish
gamble for supremacy which
unlimited testing invites. The
experiments are to be limited
by the treaty to the labora
tories and to holes in the
ground.
This will not preclude the
discovery of the secret of the
absolute weapon if there is a
secret that is possible to dis
cover. But limiting the ex
periments will remove the
hysteria, the violence and the
poison from the competitive
search for absolute suprem
acy. give both lides of opinion.
opinions that differ from
Lodge was not subject to the
censorship contract signed by
war correspondents, but his
report to the Senate was an
innocent pacifier, scarcely
hinting of the real conditions
in China.
As he arrives to survey the
scene in Viet Nam, Lodge
must have the sensation of
"this is where I came in."
He finds another government
confronting, in alliance with
America, a common enemy,
while paralyzed by incipient
civil war among its own peo
ple. He finds a government
badly alienated from the mass
of people, a swamp of cor
ruption, much popular apathy
toward the military struggle.
He must deal with a govern
ment concerned, as was the
Kuomintang in China, almost
solely with staying in power
at whatever cost, a govern
ment run by and for a single
family, and one unable or un
willing to begin popular re
forms. To make the analogy even
! cism even from foreign
going, the government of the
United States. Premier Diem's
' sister-in-law. Madame Ngo
i Dinh Nhu. is the Madame
i Chiang Ks'-shek of this gen-
1 eration's oriental woes,
I One of the w retched fac-
GREAT IDEAS...
HUMAN NATURE
Dear Dr. Adler: Today, n
never before, the world in
general and American so
ciety in particular are seek
ing new answers to the na
ture of man. Is he born
good, bad, or with a clean
slate? What have thinkers
had to say about the good
nest or badness of human
nature?
Mr. and Mrs. J. Pat
Donahue
co Clayton College
for Boys
3801 E. 32nd ave.
Denver S, Cole.
Dear Mr. and Mrs. Dona
hue: The Greek moral philoso
phers, on the whole, held that
man can achieve virtue and
happiness through the full use
of his natural faculties, par
ticularly reason. Although the
Platonists regarded the hu
man body as essentially evil,
it was generally agreed that
the mental or spiritual aspect
of human nature is essentially
good, and that human fulfill
ment is to be reached through
its cultivation.
The early Christian think
ers, however, developed the
doctrine that an originally
good human nature was perm
anently corrupted by Adam's
sin in the Garden of Eden. Ac
cording to this doctrine of
"original sin," the whole hu
man race in all generations
has been stained by this pri
mal act and thereby is pre
vented from achieving perfec
tion without divine aid and
mediation.
Most traditional Christian
theologians have accepted this
interpretation of the Fall of
Man from original righteous
ness to an inherently sinful
condition. However, they have
differed considerably as to
just how far human nature
has been corrupted. Some of
them have held that man's
nature is utterly depraved, in
every function and in every
way that there is no whole
ness in him and that what
ever goodness he achieves is
accomplished through divine
action. Others have held that
man retains his natural capac
ities for rational knowledge
and moral activity although in
a weakened and imperfect
state.
Moreover, some Christian
thinkers have dissented from
the doctrine of original sin.
The most famous challenge to
this doctrine by a Christian
came in the 5th century from
a British monk named Pel.
agius. In opposition to Augus
tine, the most famous ancient
expositor of the doctrine of
original sin, Pelagius denied
that human nature has been
radically impaired by Adam's
sin. fcach of us, he said, be.
gins life with a clean slate,
and with no inherent dispost
tion either to good or to evil.
Every man becomes good or
evil through the right or
wrong use of his will. A hu
man being has the capacity to
choose the right and to live a
life without sin. He may ap
peal to God for aid, instruc
tors for stalemate in China,
is not, let us pray, present in
Viet Nam. There seems to be
no powerful and popular
American military leader
working through the palace
at cross purposes with our
diplomats as did General
Chennault in China. One Am
erican policy toward Viet
Nam, even a bad one, is bet
ter than two.
Has our Viet Nam policy
been a bad one? Its failure
would not necessarily prove
that it was a bad policy; more
likely, that there was no good
alternative policy possible.
This is my own fear about the
mission Mr. Lodge now em
barks upon, and why I sus
pect his career as statesman
will be buried in those eastern
swamps. If it is brutally frank
. ...
pressures from the United
States that will retrieve the
situation, then Lodge is the
man. He is forceful enough
But subtletv and the snnhiti
caled arts necessary to Eradu-
ally lead an errant regime
into the palhs of common
I""' "pcmiiv wnere sacri-1 using iorce, is extremely lim
jficcs are involved, are notjited. Latin America and Af
; conspicuous in his nature. ! rica arc littered with the evi-
One is by now driven to 1 dence of this
conclude that the Viet Nam 1 I can see no alternative to
i w-ar cannot be won this side ; the present American policy
of a fundamentally different of the carrot and the stick in
j government - people relation-: Vict Nam. this side of con-
i f.i .?, ex,sts at Prespm- frominS the awful and alwavs
I But the dilemma is so painful latent alternatives of with
; because such tight, closcd-eir- drawal and defeat or full
cle regimes as that of Diem j scale intervention
are all but incapable of scri-' (Distributed 1963 by The
ous social reforms, to sayl Hall Syndicate, Ine.l
nothing of providing a new (All Rights Reserved)
From the Great Books
By Mortimer J. Adler
(O 1963, Publisher! Newipaper Syndicate
tion, and forgiveness, but the
initiative is his.
Many secular thinkers dur
ing the Renaissance and En
lightenment were thorough
going Pelagians, rejecting
any notion of an inherently
corrupt human nature and ex
tolling human creativity and
rationality. Rosseau, for in
stance, held that human na
ture is inherently good, and
that whatever corruption it
has undergone has been
caused by civilization, and is
not ineradicable. It may be re
moved by an education which
takes us back to human na
ture, and by a new culture
which is true to nature.
In the present century,
John Dewey provided us with
an American, pragmatic type
of Pelagianism. He criticized
previous moralists for having
libeled human nature as in
herently weak, "evilly dis
posed," and even depraved.
Instead of ascribing all the ills
of human existence to a cor
rupt and vicious human na
ture, he said, we should look
to bad habits, customs, and
social institutions. These are
the causes of the evil in the
world, and they can be
changed for the better by a
redirection of human im
pulses. Pelagianism, in its old and
new forms, has been chal
lenged in the present era by
such Christian theologians a
Karl Barth and Reinhold Nie
buhr. Barth adheres to the
orthodox tradition in its ex
treme form, seeing man's na
ture as completely corrupted,
and all of his culture, includ
ing his religious institutions,
as vitiated by original sin,
Niebuhr is closer to the mod
erate traditional view, insist
ing that vestiges of the image
of God and of original right
eousness remain in man and
give him an insight into his
condition and the way in
which it can be repaired.
You can win a 54-volume
set of the Great Books of
the Western World by writ
ing a letter, not to exceed
ISO words, incorporating a
question of general interest
for Dr. Adler to consider
for inclusion in this column.
Each week he will select ai
first prise winners the writ
ers of the three belt letters.
He will use ONE of these
letters ai a basis for a fu
ture column and will ans
wer it in terms of the intel
lectual heritage of the
Great Books 443 works
by 74 authors, spanning 30
centuries of thought. Ad
dress the letters to Dr.
Mortimer J. Adler,
i in care
of this newspaper.
A CHEAT THINKER
LOOKS AT LIFE
Dr. Mortimer J. Adler is recog
nized as one of the great original
thinkers of the 20th century Alter
receiving his Ph. D from Colum
bia University in 1928. Dr. Adler
joined Robert M. Hutchins at tha
University of Chicago where they
introduced courses based on read
ing and discussing the Great
Books. In 1946 this activity wa
extended to adults throuch tha
Great Books Foundation. Dr Ad
ler now is director of the Institute
for Philosophical Research in San
Francisco.
Copyright I9SJ, Publishers Netra
paper syndirat
theme and sniril that i,-n,,M
make the people fight-and,
because no promising alterna
tive regime seems to be pres
ent for the making.
Those nice American min
isters and others who now
demand that we refuse to deal
with the existing Viet Nam
regime or who think Wash
ington, our financial institu
tions and our military estab
lishment can deal directly
with "the people" are terribly
innocent and of no help. Any
such grotesquerie would al
most surely produce anarchy
or an anti-American stance
by at least part of Diem's
armed forces, and in either
situation the war would be
lost.
.
There simply are no easy
answers. The current
of petitions and lettcrs-to-the-
, . uu,la ou ieucrs-to-the-
: editor have failed to absorb
one of the prominent lessons
! of recent history: that the ca
pacity oi one government,
even a friendly and powerful
government, in alt,-. .i, j
! mestic policies and ethos of
I an alien government, short of
G