f realty May Discourage Development if 'Gigatdn' Weapoi
Editor's not: Russia and who covrd th firt Bikini those who made it. Some call- 10 years. But the 25 mega- radiation at short range with-. nuclear devices in under- all fission, with cheap and ef- ed neutron bomb. ' derground testing The' Mas-
lh United States, on the bomb tests describes the nu- ed it the "ultimate weapon." tonner is considered the big- out destroying property or ground shots in Nevada. The (icient fusion weapons. In this Work on the all-fusion cow treaty would not-stop
brink of war oer Cuba mis- clear race which led to the It was so bulky that only gest with any real military contaminating t h e atmos- French, according to reports, category would be the so-call- bomb can be done with un- it.
ail bases less than a year
ago, recently signed a treaty
designed to steer mankind
way from possible nuclear
destruction. Now it is before
lh U.S. Senate for ratifica
tion. In the following dis
patch, a veteran UPI reporter
clear race which led to the
treaty and what it has meant
to space-age weaponry.
By JOSEPH L. MYLER
Washington-(UPB - History's
first nuclear weapon was ex
ploded in the summer of 194S.
Us power frightened even
SECTION B PAGES 1 to 8
MEDFORDfTRIBUNE
MEDFORD. OREGON. MONDAY, AUGUST 12. 1963
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the biggest U.S. bomber could
carry it.
It weighed five tons. But
it was equal in violence to
nearly 20,000 tons (20 kilo
tons) of TNT.
This bomb and another one.
dropped on Nagasaki and
Hiroshima in World War II,
killed 106,000 persons, out
right and inflicted grievous
injury on 97,000 more.
The first combat use of a
nuclear weapon was the
bombing of Hiroshima on
Aug. 6, 1945. The second was
the bombing of Nagasaki on
Aug. 9, 194S. To date there
have been no others.
But in the 18 years after
the first experimental blast
in the New Mexican desert
there have been approximate
ly 490 nuclear test explo
sions. Cratr Ensrgy Potential
The first nuclear bomb rep
resented a 4,000-fold jump in
power over TNT weapons.
Now there exists in the Soviet
arsenal a weapon with an en
ergy potential 5,000 times
greater than the early A
bomb's. Like the bombs of 1945,
the Soviet weapon can be car
ried only by a heavy modern
bomber, although missiles or
spacecraft capable of deliver
ing it may be in the cards.
The Soviet bomb is equiva
lent in energy to 100 million
tons (100 megatons) of TNT.
This one weapon could do to
greater New York what those
little ones of 1945 did to Hir
oshima. Its toll would be
reckoned not in thousands but
in millions of lives.
The 25-megatonner is the
biggest bomb in the U. S.
arsenal. This country, scien
tists say, could have develop
ed a 100-megaton bomb any
time it wanted to in the past
worth.
Russians Explode More
Since 1945 both sides have
exploded more than 400 nu
clear test weapons equal in
power more than 511 million
tons (511 megatons) of TNT.
This works out at 25.550
times the power of the Hir
oshima bomb. .
Of the 511 megaton total,
the Russians exploded 357.7
megatons and the United
States and Britain together,
153.3 megatons.
If nuclear experimentation
should continue indefinitely,
according to the experts, the
variety of weapons might also
be expanded indefinitely, re
sulting at one extreme to the
"gigaton" weapon.
This would be a bomb equal
to 1,000 megatons of TNT. It
probably would weigh 100 to
200 tons. It could hardly be
delivered by anything but a
submarine or surface ship. A
few of them exploded off the
the West Coast could doom
half of the United States.
At the other end of the
scale might be the tiny H-j
bomb capable of killing with
Body of Man
Found in Canal
Redmond, Ore. - (UPD - The
body of a partly clothed man
whose skull had been frac
tured was found in a water
filled canal 10 miles north
east of here Sunday after
noon. Two young boys discovered
the body while riding horses.
Slate police said the body
could be that of Phillip Rein
hardt, 72, Powell Butte. Rein
hardt, a farmer, was reported
missing last Wednesday.
sphere. This, the little "clean1
H-bomb, is otherwise known
as the neutron bomb.
Tst Ban Proposed
Now the three nuclear pow
ers have proposed a limited
test ban treaty. It would not
necessarily halt the arms race,
but it might slow development
of horrible new weapons and
curb contamination of the
world's atmosphere with dan
gerous debris.
It would prohibit tests in
the atmosphere, under water,
and in space. It would per
mit only those deep or shal
low underground tests which
did not pollute the air outside
the testing nation.
The United States appar
ently has a fine head start
on all other nations in lesting
underground. So far 71 of its
tests have been underground.
The Bristish have tested two
Bodies of Two
Porflanders Found
Portland - (UPII - The bodies
of two persons were recov
ered from the Columbia and
Willamette rivers Sunday.
The body of Charles W.
Moss Jr., 12, Portland, was
found in the Columbia river.
The boy drowned when he
fell into the river from the
Harbor Moorage at 96th and
Marine dr. last Wednesday
afternoon.
The body of a man was
taken from the Willamette
river near the Broadway
bridge here. The Multnomah
county coroner's office identi
fied him as John Lee Lockett,
about 50, Portland.
The corner's office said he
was in the river about a
week to 10 days.
have staged two underground
explosions. Russia is known
to have exploded one nuclear
weapon underground.
Authorities have emphasiz
ed that the limited test ban
would hot, of itself, slow
down the stockpiling of nu
clear weapons.
Warplants Card
Missiles are the big thing
these days. But this country
has 500 or more B52 and 1.000
or more B47 bombers capable
of carrying its big city-killing
bombs. Practically every U.S. I
warplane is geared to deliver
nuclear weapons of one kind
or another. i
A recently published list
shows that the United States
has 34 different kinds of mis
siles aside from its wnr
plancs designed to deliver
nuclear blows. Of the 34
types, 24 are said to be ready
to fire with the other 10 still
in the development stage.
Less is known about Soviet
capabilities. But the Russians
have their Badger, Bear, and
Bison warplanes, plus a long
list of balistic missiles. Of a
dozen Soviet missiles capable
of delivering nuclear war
heads at various distances, 10
are said to be ready for com
bat and two are still under
development.
Both countries have striven
constantly to improve weapon
efficiency to get "more bang
per pound" of warhead. There
is some belief that Russia
may be somewhat ahead in
this respect, at least in the
bigger bombs.
Both sides also have been
trying to cut down the size
of the costly and radioactively
"dirty" fission triggers of
their H-bombs.
If another trigger can be
made, it will be possible to
replace high-priced and inef
ficient tactical weapons, now
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