MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD, OREGON
THURSDAY, JUNE 20. 1M3
Seoraciims Tcike Stock off Cmidliiiioinis mi AmnroiveircQiroec
By JOSEPH B. FLEMING
United Press International
Berlin - WW - West Berlin
this week marks a victory
and defeat anniversaries of
the Soviet blockade and the
East German workers revolt
Both anniversaries always
are a time for stock-taking,
for looking back and ahead
and asking "can it happen
again?"
The answer is "yes." But
a repetition of either event
Is considered most unlikely in
the near future.
So far as a blockade goes,
the Russians are playing
down their four and a half
year old campaign to get the
western allies out of Berlin.
And western diplomats be
lieve the Communists with
Russian backing are firmly in
control in East Germany al
though as always there is dis
content aggravated by short
ages and now the Berlin wall.
The 10th anniversary of the
revolt in Germany June 17
overshadowed the 15th anni
versary of the beginning of
the blockade even though the
revolt was crushed by Rus
sian tanks and an allied air
lift beat the blockade.
Rtcall Defeats
Germans appear to recall
their defeats more vividly
than their. victories, perhaps
because they have had more
of them in recent times.
June 17 is an annual holl-.
day In West Germany and
every year the same discus
sions arise on how the day
snouia te spent.
Rallies and observances are
held in West Berlin and West
Germany to pay tribute to the
SO known dead who laid
down their lives for freedom.
Many West Germans use the
day for fun or rest and pay
scant attention to its original
meaning.
But many others regard the
anniversary as an occasion to
consider the whole problem
of the future of Germany, its
split and the Berlin wall.
The problem is so involved,
seemingly so incapable of
solution, that many consider
a picnic or beach trip on the
day an unpatriotic act, a sign
of indifference to Germany's
future. .
The revolt anniversary is a
suitable day to consider the
18 -year -old division of Ger
many and the uncertain fu
ture because the revolt
showed that . the Russians
would not allow East Ger
mans to throw off their Com
munist regime.
The revolt began as a pro
test of East Berlin construc
tion workers against a speed
up that called for more work
for less pay.
This spark fanned an up
rising that swept away Com
munist rule in many East
German cities.
r
BERLIN UPRISING - German workers are
during anti-Soviet uprising in East Berlin
a national holiday in West Germany. (UPI)
As in Hungary little more
than three years later, brutal
Russian force crushed the re
volt. As in Hungary, the Rus
sian claim that the people
supported Communism was
exposed as a myth for all the
world to see. But what of
the future?.
shown throwing stones at Russian tanks
in 1953. The date of the 36-hour revolt is
Religion in America
Vacation Bible Schools Given
Credit for Effective Teaching
By LOUIS CASSELS
. UPI Correspondent
During the next few weeks,
millions of American children
who attend public schools will
be exposed to an intensive
experience in religious educa
tion. Many of them will learn
more about the Bible than
they learn at Sunday school
all year long.
With public schools shut
ting down for the summer,
churches across the nation
will seize the opportunity to
claim a somewhat - larger
share of young people's time
than the one hour a week cus
tomarily allotted to formal re
ligious training.
The chief agencies for in
tensive religious education are
(1) vacation Bible schools; and
(2) summer camps and con
ferences. More than 100,000 Protest
ant churches conduct vacation
Bible schools each summer.
Total enrollment last year
was estimated at more than
8 million. The typical school
is in session three hours a
day, five days a week, for
two or three weeks.
Do Effective Job '
Even with time out for
tuanriirrafu and nlav activi
ties, the total teaching time
approximates that available
In a whole year of Sunday
Atossps. Because it is "consecu
tive time" without a week's
lapse between classes and
because there's no competi
linn with nublic schooLre
quirements If the teachers
wish to assign homework, va
cation Bible schools can do
an effective job of Christian
education.
Thev nlso have Droved to
be great evangelistic agencies
fnr rearhine children who
don't attend Sunday school.
Many congregations report
that ahmit half of the children
enrolled in vacation Bible
schools come from previously
"unchurched" families.
The first vacation Bible
school was organized in Hope-
,lol. Til In 1B04 hv Mrs. D.
G. Miles, wife of a Methodist
pastor.
"Althoush churches were
slow to recognize its values,
vacation Bible school is ac
rented today as one of our
mnct Imnnrtnnt resources in
Christian education," says the
Rev. Charles F. Treadway of
the Southern Baptist Conven
tion
The Talhnlle church has its
own version of vacation Bible
.nhnni In th Summer Schools
of Religion conducted
throughout the country by the
Confraternity of Christian
Doctrine. About 2 million
Catholic children who attend
public schools will be en
rolled In Confraternity sum
mer schools this year They
will go to school three hours
day for four weeks, or six
hours a day for two weeks.
Derive More Profit
"We find that our public
school children derive more
profit from the summer school
of religion than from the en
tire year of once-a-week Cate
chism classes, says the Rev.
John Gutting, a Catholic
priest in Sun Valley, Calif.
Vacation Bible schools and
summer schools of religion
mainly draw younger chil
dren. Older youths are more
likely to attend church-spon
sored camps or "conferences
as they are sometimes called.
Church camping repre
sents one of the most rapidly
crowing phases of Christian
education today," says the
Rev. Robert S. Clemmons of
Watson Named to
Vice President Pos
Tallin n Watson, manager
of Equitable Savings and
... . - , If 1
Loan Associations meaium
tl nttino ha hwn aDoointed as
sistant vice president, Ralph
H. Cake, EquitaDies presi-
dent, has announced.
iviioin has been manager
of Equitable's branch in the
M e d f o r d Shopping Center
since it opened in January.
He is graduate of Medford
High school and the Univer
sity of Oregon.
Watson has been active In
civic affairs. He is a member
of the Medford Lions club,
the Medford Elks club, and
the Jacksonville Mason Lodge.
the Methodist Board of Edu
cation.
About 2 million young peo
ple, mostly teen-agers, are ex
pected to attend upwards of
10,000 church camps this
summer. They will spend a
week or two living out-doors
and discussing their religious
problems in small groups un
der the guidance of carefully
chosen adult leaders.
A report from the board of
Christian education of the
United Presbyterian Church,
which operates nearly 200
summer camps, says that
church camping provides
unique opportunities to dis
cover and meet "individual
needs" in religious growth
It also gives young people
from cities a chance to be
come ; intimately acquainted
with nature so they can ex
perience the very basic kind
of worship which simply ac
knowledges the wonder and
beauty of God s creation.
Will the Russians ever al
low East Germans to be re
united with the West as they
wish? Will free elections ever
be held to reunify the nation?
How long will the division of
Germany continue and how
will the division ever be
ended?
These questions were in the
back of German minds on
June 17. And there appeared
to be no answers.
This has caused frustration.
some bitterness and some
voices have been raised to
assert that the western allied
plan, the West German gov
ernment's policy, cannot lead
to unity.
There even has been some
advocacy of acceptance of the
Communist plan to form an
East-West German confedera
tion. Confederation Plan
This East German confed
eration plan is based on the
neutrality of Germany, on the
withdrawal of West Germany
from the North Atlantic
Treaty , Organization, in fact,
on the withdrawal of West
Germany from its pro-West
em course.
The dangers in such a plan
are obvious. It is rejected by
the West German government
and by the Socialist opposi
tion.
If the Russians want to
take the risk of war they
might blockade Berlin again
But the United States has
made it plain time and again
that it will not allow itself
to be forced from Berlin.
"Airlift"' has become
magic word because Anglo-
American aircraft kept West
Berlin alive during the 320
day blockade.
But since those post-war
days West Berlin has become
the largest industrial city in
Germany. Its 2.2 million peo
ple no longer could be expeot-
ed to put up with the near
starvation rations of the
blockade days.
Even with larger transport
planes in the long run a mod
ern Industrial city cannot be
kept prosperous and thriving
supplied by air.
Blockade Doubted
Therefore it is extremely
doubtful that the Western Al-1
lies again will allow their
land routes to Berlin to be
blockaded.
An airlift would be of
value, however, for a limited
time to allow the West and
the Russians to negotiate.
At the beginning of the
1948-49 airlift, no one thought
it could be done. It surprised
both the Western Allies and
the Russians.
Eight days after the Soviets
closed down the last land
links through East Germany
to West Berlin 15 years ago
two U. S. B-17 flying fort
resses landed at Templehof
airfield with medical supplies.
The two aircraft grew to
32 the next day-June 26, the
official day listed as the start
of the airlift. Soon a vast
fleet roared lnt& three West
Berlin bases day and night
through rain and fog and win
ter cold. fBut the situation
looked grim- and war very
near June 18 1948, when the
Soviets announced their total
blockade.
It took the Soviets 320 days
to admit their mistake. They
ended the blockade May 13,
1949. I
Peacetime Operation i
The Berlin airlift was the'
greatest peacetime military i
operation in aviation history.'
It delivered 2,343,301 tons
of food, coal, building ma-1
terial and other supplies in,
277,264 flights. j
From all over the world
U. S. C54 skymasters, C47s,
British Dakota; (DC3's) and
Yorks were summoned to
Germany to form the com
bined Anglo-American task
force.
Planes landed at Templehof
at the rate of every three min
utes and less. On the record
day of April 16, 1949, a plane
landed at Templehof almost
every minute of the 24 hours.
On that day, 12,940 tons were
carried to the city in 1,398
flights.
The airlift cost the lives of
31 American airmen, 39 Brit
ish airmen and seven German
passengers.
West Berliners learned to
live with the blockade just
as they have learned to live
with the wall.
As the blockade dragged on
it hardly was news any more.
But there were many brief
stories like this one that illus
trated the knowledge of West
Berliners that only the lift
kept them alive:
"The two little girls said
'we want to thank you for
keeping us from being hun
gry and they handed the
pilot who had just landed at
Templehof a bouquet of flow
ers.
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