Second Invasion of the North
MCDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGON
MONDAY. JUNE 17. 11(3
' Br MERTON T. AKERS
' UPI Corraspondant
"The railroad stations were
crowded with an excited peo
ple - men, women and chil-dren-with
trunks, boxes, bun
dles; packages tied up in bed
blankets and quilts; moun
tains of baggage, tumbling in
to the cars, rushing here and
there in r a n t i c manner;
shouting, screaming, as it the
Rebels were about to dash
into town and lay it in ashes."
That was Harrisburg, Pa.,
on June IS, 1863 as described
by Charles Carleton Coffin,
war correspondent of the Bos
ton Journal.
The Rebels were coming
the whole Army of Northern
Virginia-but none of Gen.
Robert E. Lee's men was close
to Harrisburg. In fact, on this
day, advance Confederate
cavalry units were just cross-
4-H Club News
Kniitan Kittens
The last meeting of the
Knitten Kittens 4-H club was
called to order by president
Carolee Kuest.
We were reminded to take
our cottage cheese and coffee
can lids to the meetings.
We discussed whether or
not we should have our pot
luck dinners any more. -
Mrs. Morris Frink told us
our requirements for our fair
projects.
She also took a count of
how many will be going to
4-H Summer school this year.
Marsha Wilson,
Reporter.
Milk Pail Wranglars
The meeting of the Milk
Pail Wranglers 4-H club was
held at the home of Mr. and
Mrs. Summors.
Mr. Cahail demonstrated
how to clip and groom our
animals. We were briefed on
the spring dairy show that
was held last month. He gave
us a test on the parts of the
cow.
We were given instructions
how to make calf halters and
are to bring them to our next
meeting. Our assistant leader,
Walter Herzog, brought a
show halter to show the first
year kids what to get.
The meeting was adjourned.
Our next meeting will beheld
at the Walter Herzog home.
Louise Herzog,
Reporter.- ;
Clover Cooking
The Clover , Cooking and
Sewing 4-H club met at Mrs.
Glenn Lowe's home June 6.
Plans for the next meeting
were made and it was decid
ed to hold it again at Mrs.
Lowe's home June 18.
Refreshments were served,
Beverly Geigle,
, . Reporter, . ,
for the fair. We then watched
a demonstration on how to
wrap the sheep in blankets in
preparation for the fair.
Marcia Sample,
Reporter.
Smart Cookies
The 13th meeting of the
Smart Cookies 4-H club was
called to order June 10 at the
home of Mrs. W. R. Florey by
President Kayrn Ricks.
Shuree Davis led the 4-H
pledge and Alice Minger led
the salute to the flag.
The discussion was about a
slumber party and it was de
cided to have one July 11 tit
the home of Kayrn Ricks.
Verna Rempert and Shuree
Davis will do a demonstration
at our next meeting, June 24,
at the home of Mrs. Florey.
Alice Menger,
Reporter.
Lake Creek Rancheros
The Lake Creek Rancheros
4-H Horse club were guests
at the Double D register
quarter horse ranch near
Eagle Point where we viewed
Brown King, their senior sire
Guests were the Antelope
Horse club and they judged
the ranch's stock while they
were there. Laura May Noble,
Lake Creek, and Linda Gib
son, Antelope, were the jun
ior leader speakers for the
meeting.
Linda Armitage,
Reporter.
Rueh Woolies
The meeting of the Ruch
Woolies 4-H club was held
June 11 at 2 p.m. at the home
of Mrs. George W. Sample.
We discussed the. 4-H sum
mer school and then prepared
The Wardrobe
Antelope Livestock
The Antelope Livestock
4-H club held a meeting Sat
urday, June -8, at 8:15 p.m
in the home of Mrs. Bill Hub
bard.
Under old business, Gary
Hansen told about the Lost
river field trip held recently.
Under new business, Ron
Anderson discussed the fat
lamb show which is to be held
June 21 and 22 at the County
fairgrounds. Ron also asked
the members to set a date for
the beef judging.
Mrs. Hubbard asked the
dairy members to judge dairy
animals. Mrs. Lathrop also
talked about the spring fat
lamb show. Mrs. Bohnert told
the members how much a hog
should weigh by the time of
the fair.
Then the members decided
to have the next meeting July
11, at the home of Ron An
derson. The meeting will con
sist of beef and sheep judg
ing.
The meeting was adjourned
and the dairy club met for a
few minutes following. Re
freshments were then served.
Kathy Britchard,
Reporter
ing the Potomac into Mary
land on Lee's second invasion
of the North.
Coffin noted a change in
sentiment in Pennsylvania
since Lee had first invaaea
in 1862.
Drive the enemy from our
soil," was the battle cry in
62, Coffin wrote. But in '63
it was, "Where shall we bide
our goods?" -
Swarming Dowa Valley
Lee's Confederates were
swarming down the Shenan
doah Valley, the corridor
west of the Blue Ridge moun
tains which leads straight in
to the heart of western Mary
land and central Pennsyl
vania. ' ; .
Confederate cavalry screen
ed the passes of the Blue
Ridge. Federal cavalry, try
ing to unmask Lee s move
ments, probed the country
east of the mountains.
Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker,
commanding the Union Army
of the Potomac, knew Lee's
army was moving but how
far it had gone and where it
was headed remained a mys
tery. He suspected an inva
sion. He sent his newly reor
ganized cavalry corps, which
had fought the hitherto supe
rior gray horsemen to a
standstill at Brandy Station,
Va., on June 9, to find out
what was happening.
The Union cavalry clashed
first with the Rebel troopers
on June 17 at Aldie, Va., in
the western part of the state
between the Bull Run and
Blue Ridge mountains. The
Confederates fought off the
Federal , attacks most of the
day and then withdrew.
On the same day the 1st
Rhode Island Cavalry was al
most annihilated at Middle
burg, south of Aldie, by
three brigades of Confederate
cavalry. Only the colonel, Al
fred N. Duffie, and 31 others
were able to cut their way
out. He reported a loss of 268
men but many of them even
tually straggled back.
Four days later at Upper-
ville, Va., north of Middle-
burg, the Federal cavalry
with some infantry drove the
Confederate troopers back
into Ashby's Gap in the Blue
Ridge but failed to break the
screen on the right flank of
the invading Rebels.
Federal losses in the caval
ry battles were 613; Confed
erate, 510. .
while the cavalry was
fighting east of the moun
tains, forward forces of the
Army of Northern Virginia
were pushing toward Win
chester, Va., near the foot of
the Shenandoah Valley.
Poiiibly a Feini
Despite these cavalry jabs,
Hooker still was unable to
tell for sure where Lee's army
was and could not be certain
the movement in the Valley
was the main column or a
feint.
On June 13 Federal forces
INVASION BEGUN - On June 15, 1863,
Harrisburg, Pa., was described this way:
"The railroad stations were crowded with
excited people . . . with trunks, boxes and
bundles, packages tied in bed blankets . . .
mountains of baggage tumbling into the
cars." People were rushing around as it
the rebels were about to "dash into town
were driven from Berry ville, ( there was anything the army
and make it ashes." The rebels were coming
. . , Lee's invasion of the North had begun,
but they were still no where near Harris
burg. This drawing, from the Library of
Congress collection, shows a Union League
march to rally the people of the North
against the invasion. (UPI)
SEEKS EMPLOYEES
London - IUFD - A building
firm, apparently seeking dis
criminating employees, today
posted an advertising sign for
"Site Personnel." ,
Va., about 10 miles northeast
of Winchester. .
Then the Confederate van
guard under Lt. Gen. Richard
S. Swell moved on Winches
ter. Ewejl enveloped the town
and then attacked.
Maj. Gen. Robert H. Mil-
roy, called the "liray sagie"
because his hair was silver
ing, commanded the Union
forces, about 9,000 men. He
had been ordered earlier to
fall back toward Harper's
Ferry at the Junction of the
Shenandoah and - Potomac
Rivers. Believing he could
hold Winchester against what
he thought Was only a small
Confederate force, he remain
ed. Milroy's decision played in
to Ewell's hands. He sent his
cavalry looping around Win
chester to Martinsburg, well
above Winchester and north
west of Harper's Ferry.
Ewell opened artillery fire
on Milroy's forces late in
June 14. The Union defense
was weak and that night Mll
roy held a council of war.
There it was determined to
spike the guns, burn the sup
ply trains and retreat.' His
force left Winchester about 1
a.m. on June 15. But Ewell
had anticipated the move and
had troops posted across the
line of retreat.
The armies clashed about
3:30 a.m. four miles north of
Winchester. The Union force
fought briefly and then broke
up into several columns try
ing to escape. Milroy lost
about half of his troops, most
of them prisoners. The rest
limped into Harper's Ferry.
News that Winchester and
Martinsburg had been lost
arrived in Washington late on
June 15. President Lincoln
telegraphed Hooker asking if
commander could do about
the disasters, and adding:
"If the head of Lee's army
is at Martinsburg and the tail
of it on the Plank Road be
tween Fredericksburg and
Chancellorsville, the animal
must be very slim somewhere.
Could you not break him?"
Moving Cautiously
Hooker couldn't but he
now knew where at least
some of Lee's army was and
he was moving his troops-
but cautiously. He proposed
to Lincoln that he march his
army south and capture Rich
mond while Lee was going
north. Lincoln vetoed that.
Lee's army, not Richmond,
was Hooker s objective, Lin
coln said. Anyway, Washing
ton might fall prey to Lee if
Hooker moved on Richmond.
A 5
IstJaStiP-I.
WASTES
,-. 4. ft ;' i-ya, .,
brutes . , . The wagons were
part of (the Union) train
which (Brig. Gen. Albert G.)
Jenkins cavalry had pursued
from Berryville . . . Near the
corner of Main and Queen
Streets one of the horses
dropped dead of exhaustion
A provost officer halted
the teamsters at gunpoint and
sent them on toward Harris
burg at a slower pace since
the Confederates still were
about 20 miles behind.
". , , About eleven at night
(the Confederates) reached
the southern e nd of the town.
Some six or eight were sent
forward into town to recon
noiter, and about two hun
dred more were detailed to
make a rapid charge after the
smaii force, and those were
soon followed by the balance
of the command-about two
thousand in all . . ."
The next day the Rebel
cavalry rode about 10 miles
Caledonia Iron Works which
belonged to Thaddeui Stev
ens, Pennsylvania congress
man, abolitionist and leader
of the Radical Republicans.
Stevens escaped ahead of the
Confederates. The cavalry
took about 40 horses and
mules and later burned the
iron mill.
On June 17, Jenkins or
dered the Chambersburg merN
chants to open their stores
and sell the Confederates
east of Chambersburg to the whatever goods they wanted.
Lincoln called on Pennsyl
vania and neighboring states
for 120.000 militia to repel
the invaders. About 50,000
responded and were organ
ized in Harrisburg and Pittsburgh.
Chambersburg was one of
the first towns the Confeder
ates hit in Pennsylvania. Ja
cob Hoke, a Chambersburg
dry goods merchant, describ
ed his home town on June 15:
"Early in the morning
farmers residing in the south
ern portion of our country,
began to pass through the
town and on down the Harris
burg Pike with their stock
and valuables . . . About 10
o'clock forty or fifty wagons,
drawn by horses and mules,
came dashing down Main
Street-The affrighted drivers
were lashing the poor, jaded
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