MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFO&D. OREGON
FRIDAY. JUNE 7. I3
Duncan Continues To Lead fight for Use of -Mexican Farm laborers.
By YVONNE FRANKLIN
Mail Tribune fnr Mii-n. ..i v.. w. I. j .
... uiut-N c una irom uuntesuc WUTS ...
wuninglen Bureau unsuccessfully ottered domes- He remined the non-farm-wasmngton
- Rep. Robert tic workers the same wages, ers of the House that when
warnea me farmers He is not required to offer
franklin
of Oregon last week that thev
must "find alternative sources
for obtaining labor from the
American market" because of
the d e f e a t of the Mexican
, Farm Labor
law. Approxi-
m a t e 1 y 300
braceros are
used yearly
in Oregon to
pick Rogue
River Valley
pears.
The rising
opposition of
church groups
and labor unions was partial
ly responsible for the demise
of the bracero program.
which aids one per cent of
the farm group, mostly on
large corporation farms in
California and Texas.
However, Duncan, who
- serves on the Agriculture
committee which reviews all
farm legislation, believes the
vote is "symoblic of the way
farm legislation will be re
ceived this year."
Was this a result of the
farm wheat referendum, he
was asked?
No, he said, it s not a
spirit of revenge at all. But
tneie is a growing feeling
against the agricultural sub
sidy program as being expen
five and unsuccessful . . ."
All of Oregon's delegation
except Rep. Edith Green of
Portland voted for a two-
year extension of the law. An
effort will be made to re
vive the bill, Duncan said,
with amendments which may
, make it more palatable. Dun
can had tried to amend the
Dili in committee to give
workmen's compensation and
provide adequate housing but
was unsuccessful
This bill. Public Law 78,
which expires in December,
1963, admits Mexican male
workers (braceros) for tem
porary employment. The De
partment of Labor recruits
and places these workers, as
' sists farmers and workers to
establish contracts for work.
end requires farmers to pay
' wages, transportation and pro
vide adequate housing condi-tions.-
American workers equivalent
workmen's compensation or
o c c u pational insurance cov
erage, housing or transpor
tation expenses.
During debate last week
both Duncan and Green took
the floor to defend their nosi-
tions. Duncan contended that
he had noted the opposition
of church and other groups
and agreed that there was
justification for "contentions
that the use of Mexican work
ers has, to an extent, had
an adverse effect on the em
ployment opportunities of do
mestics ..."
But there is also evi
dence," he continued, "that
the total agricultural labor of
this country cannot, at spe-
A farmer may not contract , cif ic times and places, be met these migrants who, because
of toe transitory nature of
their parents' employment
frequently reach adulthood
without proper education."
Duncan was congratulated
for Oregon's performance by
an opponent who however re
minded him that "this does
not necessarily follow as far
as the other states are con
cerned," A Texas congress
man quoted wages as low as
20 cents an hour for domestic
help being paid in Texas,
squalid living conditions and
discrimination against Mexi
can - Americans doing crop
work
perishable crops are ready,
they must be picked. And he
praised the efforts of Rogue
River Valley farmers to ob
tain harvesting help before
contracting for braceros. He
also pointed with pride to the
"advanced migratory labor
legislation" in Oregon "to pro
tect these people from exploi
tation, and to relieve them
from the most pressing of the
social problems with which
they are faced."
"These laws Include law
that license labor leaders,
that impose strict standards
of public health with which
growers must comply," he
continued, "safely regulations
on the highways and-get this
a pilot program to provide
education for the children of
Mrs. Green said "as a re
sult of this program, poverty
competes against poverty to
produce more poverty."
"This program, originally
enacted In the 82nd Congress
in 19S1 as a temporary meas
ure is a reason why the Amer
ican farm workers, one of the
poorest work groups in the
United States, were able lit
calendar 1961 to earn an av-er-age
of about $880 a year for
the 134 days of farm work
they were able to obtain," she
said.
"The program also hurts
family farms, as the corporate
farms are Use principal em-
ployers of braceros, and are
thus able to cut costs In a
way not available to family I
farms who employ tew hired
workers ..."
The debate was carried by
Californians and Texas, those
with most to lose from the
demise of the law. One Cali
fornian extolled the virtues
of having braceros, saying
they increased the fringe ben
efits to domestic workers and
upgraded wages. However he
was followed by another Cali
fornian who said:
"As a health educator in
the State of California, I did
enter a bracero camp and
found that their facilities were
good. But then I crossed to
the other tide of the road and
1 found our owe worker! eat
ing on the floor.
"... we were also asked
if we had seen the health
facilities made available to
the braceros, and 1 say that I
have. But I have also seen
the type of health facilities
that are made available to
the Americans, which are, In
effect, no facilities at all."
Statistics from the Agricul
ture Department for the past
ten years were cited to show,
if not a decrease, at least a
plateau of wage rates in
areas where braceros are
used. For instance, wagei for
farm workers generally have
risen from S3 cents to U5
cents an hour during the
past ten years, but in bracero
areas wages have held to
around 80 cents an hour.
Duncan, when asked about
this, said that If this was so
it wi the administrative re
sponsibility of the Depart
ment of Agriculture who
should see to it that domestic
workers' wages are protected
when braceros are brought in.
When asked U recruitment
programs for Americans
shouldn t be strengthened, he
said we have them but the
growers haven't made them
work.
Qthe bible
P SPEAKS
TO YOU f"
Sunday, 9:00 a.m.
K-SHA-860 kc
"Ym Don't Hm to Diink"
Try and Stop Me
By BENNETT CERF
TTfHEtf JOAN CRAWFORD and Bette Davis were co-
starring in a motion picture. Miss Crawford playfully
left this message in Miss Davis dressing room: "Miss Davis
vows Joan Crawford is
the best dramatic actress
in the- history of all
Hollywood. Miss Davis
sent the message back to
Miss Crawford with just
two commas added:
"Bette Davis, vows Joan
Crawford, is the best dra
matic actress in the his
tory ci all Hollywood."
There la a well-remembered
day when a play
wright who stuttered sought
to Interest a big Hollywood
tycoon In his new opus.
After days of tapping his heels in an outer office, he finally was
ushered into the great man's presence. "If you want to read
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exactly eleven minutes."
The playwright, acutely aware of the impediment In his speech,
despairingly began reading while the producer lathered hia face.
He had stammered halfway through Act One when the producer
rushed from the bathroom to hia office and began pressing bus
zera. Yes-men appeared from nowhere.
The great man waved his razor and announced, "This fellow
has brought me a play with the most original gimmick in years.
Every damn character In it stutters!"
"Stop telling me," begged Mr. Dough of his best customer,
"that your wife always has the last word. You don't know how
lucky you are. My wife never get to it."
0 1S83. by Bennett Ctrl. Distributed by King Features Syndicate
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