4 A
, "Everyone to SouUiern Oregon
B.eadaTnfMailTrtDiine
Published Dally-except Saturday by
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An Independent Newipapei
Entered ai second claw matter at
Medluid Oregon under Act ol
Mrrh 3. 1897
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Den'-er.
TUESDAY. JUNE 4. 1963
MEDFOHD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD, OREGON
The Papal Succession
ftttfiZ NIW1PAM
Si-association
NATIONAL EDITORIAL
SSI lAc8TI3N
Memner California Newtpaper
Publlihers Aiaoclallon
Flfght o' Time
kxun.A nH Jjck&on County
t,nm Ihm filei of The
Mil Tribune 10. 20. 30, 40
and SO years ago.
When a Pope dies, there is always speculation
about a successor at the Vatican.
The successor could be an American, but the
likelihood is generally considered slight.
The name at one time most frequently men
tioned in Church as well as lay circles was that
of rrancis Cardinal bpellman, Archbishop of
New York, perhaps the best known of all the
Secred College of Cardinals, But Cardinal Spell
man recently celebrated his 74th birthday. This
would not exclude him; Angelo Guiseppe Car
dinal Roncalli was elected 262nd Roman Catholic
Pope in October 1958, less than a month before
his 77th birthday. But natives of great powers
are rarely chosen, in deference to the tradition
that the Papacy must be guarded against any
hint that it is the instrument of any nation.
The next Pope almost certainly will have been
a cardinal, although in theory a priest of lower
rank or even a laymen could be elected. A com
mentary on the Canon Law provides that the oc
cupant of the Holy See must be a Catholic male,
capable of accepting the priesthood.
10 YEARS AGO
June 4, 1953 (Thursday)
Twenly-nlne Medford stu
dents are among a class of 136
due to receive degrees at com
mencement exercises at
Southern O. ;gon college Sun
day; Gov. Paul Patterson will
deliver the main address.
The Oregon stale shoot of
the Amateur Trapshootlng as
sociation will get down to bus
iness o deciding champion
ships at the Medford Gun club
tomorrow alter preliminary
activities today,
20 YEARS AGO ,'
Junt 4, 1943 (Friday)
Bill Bowerman, lormer
Medford High school coach
receives captaincy in Army
ski troops.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudiie Pot" column: "Jack
rabbits have started running
around nights eating up the
rural win-the-war lettuce.
THE College of Cardinals, which will elect the
next Pope, numbers 82. For more-than 400
years it was limited to 70, but Tone John expand
ed it. Three are members "in pectore", whose
names are not divultred because of possible dan
cer to them. Pope John's predecessor, Pius XII,
to some extent "de-Italianized" the Catholic hi
erarchy in 1946. At present 32 Cardinals are
Italian. The United Estates has live.
Among the names most frequently mention
ed now as successors to Pope John are Giovanni
Battista Cardinal Montini, the liberal arch
bishop of Milan ; Peter Gregory Cardinal Agagi
anian, Armenian-born head of the Sacred Con
gregation for the Propagation of the Faith;
Giovanni Cardinal Urbani, Patriarch of Venice;
and Giacomo Cardinal Lercaro, Archbishop of
Bologna. Cardinal Agagianian was mentioned
four years ago when Pope Pius died.
The Pope-elect takes his choice of names.
Cardinal Roncalli took the name John XXIII, re
viving a papal title out of use since the death of
John XXII in 1334.
A Death In The Family
i t$$im 4
llJilllill II - k
I - ': ; . ; ' ' ' -. f"TJj v 1 j : v -. .'
Foreign Student Occupies Important
Place in Today's Cold War Competition
By PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign. News Analyst
In the cold war race to con
trol man's minds and hearts.
the foreign student occupies
an important place. In the
United States
there are more
than 60,000
such students,
many of whom
later will play
important
roles in their
own countries
and whose
future atti
Nawaom tudes may
well be de
termined by the Impressions
they receive now
And it is with this same
knowledge in mind that re
cruiters from Peking, Sofia,
Moscow and Prague also seek
out the foreign student.
Special Communist targets,
have been students from the
emerging African nations,
and Moscow went so far as
to name a university after
Patrick Lumumba, the slain
Congo leader.
at
30 YEARS AGO
June 4. 1933 (Sunday)
Flower display opens
Medford High school.
City of Medford to ask for
Reconstruction Finance Corp
oration funds for sewage sys
tem improvements.
AN ITALIAN has been Pope since Pope Ha
"drian VI of Holland, who reigned little more
than a year 1522-23. Vatican observers like to
point out that all the fopes ot the 20th century,
all of course Italians, have been strong ones and
Pope John despite his age not the least.
The actual voting for a successor will take
place in the Sistine Chapel of the Vatican, with
only the cardinals present. A two-thircls-plus-one
majority is necessary for a choice. Occasionally it
comes by the "accessit" method whereby an elec
tor agrees that his ballot may be changed to go
to the candidate receiving the greatest number
of votes.
Negotiators among the cardinals on a Pope's
successor are forbidden, but a Pope may discuss
the succession with the cardinals. The enthrone
ment of a new Pope usually takes place on the
succeeding Sunday or Holy Day. L.R.R.
Thought for Food
40 YEARS AGO
June 4, 1923 (Monday)
Circuit court takes recess so
Jackson county farmer Jurors
can tend to their crops.
... Communications ...
Letters io the Editor muil bear the name ind addreis of the writer, although under
certain circumstances the use of a pen name or initial for publication is permissible.
The Mail Tribune reserves the right to edit all letters with view to clarification and
condensation. Letters submitted for publication must not exceed 400 words. The letters
printed in this column do not sscassarily represent the views of the paper; in fact the
contrary is often the caie.
Diagnosis
To the Editor: I, as most
people, have spent my share
of time in a doctor's office,
he with his stethoscope test
ing the condition of my heart,
lungs, and other internal
organs.
Never did I suspect that In
strument had any other use.
Recently on the freeway, a
doctor living in the valley
developed fuel line trouble
in his car. My husband was
called and in short time found
the trouble and a piece of hose
was needed.
The doctor got his stetho
scope and removed one of the
flexible tubes. They installed
it. He paid my husband and
told him he hud diagnosed the
case and went on his way.
Mrs. Dclbert Casey,
Route 1, Box 358,
Central Point, Ore.
SO YEARS AGO
June 4, 1913 (Wednesday)
Jackson county court plans
to issue booklet publicizing
county.
Medford store offers "Vic
tor tailored'' shirts for 9R
cents, men's overalls for 50
cents and work shirts for 35
cents.
WhaJ's Your I.Q.7
Nine et ten correct It superior;
oven or jiaht la aiccllrnt; live or
all it good.
1. La Pa i is the capital of
which country?
2. The diameter of the bore
of a gun is termed the c r?
3. Windows usually burst
outward us the result of an
explosion outside the build
ing; true or falser
4. Who portrayed the char
acter "Clarence JJny" in the
movie version of "Life With
Father"?
5. Fleas require the booii
of birds or animals (including
man's) in order to reproduce,
true or false?
0. Was the Appian Way a
famous Roman highway or a
political thesis?
7. Which coin contains more
copper, a nickel or a cent?
6. Was it Demosthenes or
Aristotle who put pebbles In
his mouth to correct a speech
detect?
9. Does the average human
head contain 10.0UO, 110.000
or 510,000 hairs?
10. Polaris is the proper
name of which star?
Answers! I. Bolivia. 2. Cali
ber. 3. True. 4. William Pow
ell. S. True. 8. Roman road.
7. Nickel. 8. Demosthenes. 9.
110,000. 10. North Stir,
If the United States were to donate its entire
food surplus for one year to the world's hungry,
this would mean the equivalent of only two tea
cupsful of rice once very 17 days for each person
on earth, or an increase of 90 calories per day
for each individual. Between 300 million and
450 million people are hungry enough to be seri
ously underweight and unable to work normally.
Up to 1.5 billion are malnourished.
A child born in Asia or the Far East today
faces the prospect of severe hunger or starvation
by the time he is 40 years old. But to meet the
consumption demands of millions of the world's
people through a giant scheme of food donations
would either impose intolerable burdens on tax
payers of donor nations or so disrupt the present
system of producing and distributing farm com
modities as possibly to destroy incentives.
This is the essence of a report prepared for
the Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations for studv at a World Food Con-i m prooauie nagging
.. i , , , r.M reminder that he might have
gross meeting in Washington today. The ton-1 been bom out of wedlock, and
gress itself marks the midpoint of a five-year possible causes. He may have
Freedom from Hunger Campaign launched in interred to become a martyr.
1S60 by FAO. For the United States, partieipa- JX.ui"ZSri n"
tion in the Congress meets a need, suggested by a pacifist, nnd perhaps a little
President Kennedy in his farm message two years "i((ii;i rfevii; im mother
ago, "for a second international conference on ,",J h "''To die: Fate
lood and agneuuiire similar to the one neiu at
Hot Springs in 11) 1:1 . . ."
Death Is a Fact
To the Editor: I am' con
strained to enter the argtt
mentive communications be
tween Lydia Burnham of
Prescotl, Ariz., and Henry
Johnson Jr., of my home
town, concerning her letter
'Purely Mythical" 5-23-03 and
his "Jesus Defended" 5-27-63.
I am inclined to the common
sense view of Lydia Burnham
and the Unitnriuns.
Why does it "make one
shudder and heartsick" to
hear her views? Perhaps she
docs need her heart opened,
but lie is the one who ought
to have his eyes opened. Death
is a fact: We know no more
about it. So is history, and
the physical universe. Relig
ion which was invented by
Man cannot change this. You
reply that Man did not invent
religion, at least not Christian
ity? Absurd! The Bible Is a
work of art, or composite of
many works of art. which
nore or less cohere, which is
why one can prove or dis
prove almost anything theo
logical by it. It was written
by priests, at a time when
works of art of various kinds
were worshipped. Many in
various ways worship them
today.
Of course, he could not
marry, live a normal life, and
yet make use of a very high
I Q. and sublimated potency
therefore, because he was so
very pour. And he would
have experienced a hard time
earning a living: to which is
friends to the author of that
"filthy book" in the public
library. With all your ranting
and publicity, the book is get
ting some wonderful free ad
vertising, plus being endowed
with an un-natural attraction
to those of vulgcr tastes, and
certainly to many teen-agers
always eager to "taste of the
forbidden fruits." In crying
this offensive matter from the
house-tops, you are playing
right into the hands of the
promoters of the book.
My candid advice, which I
expect to be totally ignored,
consists of two short words -SHUT
UP!!
Secondly, the place to con
trol the reading of your off
spring is at home (and in
school). When I and my con
temporaries were found with
reading matter unacceptable
to our parents, we often had
that matter applied in rolled
form to the tight part ot our
breeches until we completely
lost Interest in such stuff.
Parents today, who are too
lily-livered to maintain con
trol over their youngsters,
have no right to expect the
library commissioners and
other public officials to do it
for them.
If there Is objectionable
material in our libraries and
schools, (and no doubt there is
much unacceptable to differ
ent people) the proper proce
dure would seem to be - con
tact your commissioners and
elected officials and state your
case, with your voting power
as your big stick, and not raise
such a stink in the public
press, serving only to make
the offensive object more
desirable,
G. O. Loomer
1057 Court St.
Mcrlford.
But tor a variety ot rea
sons the Communists have
been defeating their own
purposes.
Africans Segregated
At Patrick Lumumba uni
versity, African students
have complained that more of
their time is taken up with
ideology than with the sub
jects they came to study.
In Sofia, Bulgaria, last
February between 350 and
500 students from Ghana,
Nigeria, Ethiopia, Cameron,
Togo, Mali, Kenya and Som
ali rebelled against the regime
and decided to conUnue their
studies elsewhere, mostly in
western Europe and a few
in the United States.
They complained about liv
ing and study conditions, but
more specifically against Bul
garian refusal to permit an
all-Africa study union when
Strictly
Personal
By Sydney J. Harris
fc rigid Enterprises, tne.
decreed it; the prophets de
creed it: the high priests de
creed it, and finally Pilate
decreed it. and who will argue
with Fate? and the State?
Most of those who me influ
enced by his story are drawn
to him because they are sorry
for him. He was a human
sacrifice, founded a religion.
uitt r-iritftiu,lltv- n,-,l,iitlil,.-t
Near Fast could possibly produce three times its purpose, iike Buddhism
what it does totlav, the FAO reported. The cri-'d others, to soften the sav-
i , i,',. ., . I age beast that is Man. Slavery
tieal areas ai e Asia ami the I' ar ha.st. in Eunnw W11J $lmv,y iholi,n.
"The Times of London, contenting on the and gave way to serfdom
FAO report, says the remedy must come from ' n c ' chivalry
"THE world population of more more than 3
billion is expected to reach t. billion within
40 years. There is no doubt of the possibility of
meeting food needs in Furope, North America,
:.. t t ! i f..: ... hm.
uceaiiia, even 111 t.auit America tir.u .' it tea. i tie
K
the developing countries themselves. The essen-ffil'SC'X
tial is to raise output per acre by irrigation and ure.'and aiiout war. u u re
new techniCllleS. 1 Crettaoie.
Noting that the Western industrial nations
and Japan expended almost $6 billion in educa
tional and technical aid in 11 alone, "The
Times" conmments soberly: "After two decades
of providing such aid on expanding scale, it has
become apparent that a good deal of it is not
being put to the best use." E.R.H.
( I
Summer Driving Tips
To the Editor: It is the time
of year to think about the
cooling system of your car
In hot weather it is an es
sential adjustment of the ra
diator pressure cap be in low
pressure position so Uic steam
from the water can escape
without siphoning water out
of the radiator; then the mo
tor will not heal especially
when climbing long grades.
Vapor locking in the fuel
line can be eliminated many
times by installing a heat de
flector; cither by a piece of
sheet metal or a steel wire
wrapped around the fuel line
from the fuel pump to the
carburetor leaving space for
air between the wire and the
fuel line or a piece of asbestos
fiber wrapped around the fuel
line. Miiny times a longer fuel
line from the fuel pump to
the carburetor will eliminate
vapor locking. In some cases
the body of the fuel pump is
not tight and when the metal
is cold air will be sucked in
above the fuel pump dia
phragm and as the metal
heals and expands to the
point of preventing the fuel
pump diaphragm from actu
ating properly, due to ex
pansion of air.
When changing from cold
lo hot temperatures due to
altitude changes from ethyl
to regular Ks or vice versa,
will eliminate octane knock
in the motor.
When a new fuel tank cap
is installed it is a possibility
the cap will fit but may not
have the proper vent. After
Ralph D. McKinnis.
P.O Box 321.
Ashland, Ore
Shut Up!
To the Editor. Mrs Black.
Mrs. Iiloslcr. and others con
cerned: Greetings
You, and each of you, are
certainly being the best o(
All Men Brothers
To the Editor: The Eagle
Point "name-on-f ile" writer of
62 claimed to have lived in
the South for several years,
yet "never heard of or wit
nessed any whites mistreating
Negroes" but "on the con
trary, there were some white
and Negroes that were pretty
good friends." He, or she, ack
nowledged that "there was
segregation in the schools,
etc.," but added, amazingly,
that "this was accepted by
both parties as natural, and
no one seemed to be offended
about it." Really?
Even more astounding was
that correspondent's assertion
that "it wasn't until the Gov
ernment decided to step in
and free the Negro that the
trouble started - most Ne
groes declining to use what
schools they had, preferring
"to work in the cotton fields
all day!"
An incredibly fantastic and
utterly unrealistic view. Cen
tainly. It hardly is the South
I know. My intimate acquaint
ance with the South began in
1917. I not only have traveled
widely throughout the region
but lived 2 years in S.C. and
10 in N.C. I worked in close
association with members of
both races and many walks of
life.
I, too, found many whites
and Negroes who were friends
-of a sort, and provided the
latter "kept their distance."
True friendships between
them, unhappily, are still
rather rare. More hopefully,
there is a large and growing
number of whites who recog
nize how untenable segrega
tion is today, in America or
anywhere else in the world,
and who are working to end
it: in compliance with rulings
of the Supreme Court and out
of deep commitment to the
Golden Rule.
Dr. Martin Luther King,
Jr., distinguished Negro
churchman and leader of the
non - violent anti-segregation
movement, wrote in the De
cember 1962 issue of The Pro
gressive:
"The unresolved race ques
tion is a pathological infec
tion in our social and political
anatomy, which has sickened
us throughout our history. . .
The legacy Is the impairment
of the lives of nearly 20,000,
000 of our citizens. Based
solely on their color, Negroes
have been condemned to a
sub-existence, never sharing
the fruits of progress equal
ly." "Natural'' and "no one of
fended by it" wrote "name-on-file."
Hardly!
In a recent public pro
nouncement. 28 Methodist
ministers, all native White
Mississippians, declared: "Our
Lord Jesus Christ teaches that
all men are brothers. He per
mits no discrimination be
cause of race, color, or creed."
All honor to these courageous
men!
Arnold Eugene Jenny
Rogue Valley Manor
Medford
BO
ONLY QUESTION
The commonwealth enforces
morality on its citizens but
who enforces morality on the
commonwealth?
We are pun
ished, as in
dividuals, if
we lie, steal,
use violence
or kill - but
what effective
restraints pre
vent the com
m o n w e a 1th
from doing
Barri the same?
What is murder for a citizen
in peace-time is bravery and
glory in war-time. What is
theft for an individual is con
quest for a nation. What is
lying for a person is diplo
macy in foreign relations.
There is a common morality
among citizens of a commun
ity; but there is no common
morality among nations. Na
tions are above the law; they
make their own laws, and
break them at will - if it
serves the "national purpose,"
if it is for "self-defense." And
every war is, of course, for
self-defense.
a
When our children look
at the behavior of nations,
throughout history and up
to the present day. what
can we tell them about their
own morality? How can
something be "wrong" if
an individual does it, and
"right" if an institution does
11? Especially since institu
tions are supposed io exist
for the benefit of individ
uals, and not the other way
around.
Who has custody of the
custodians? This ancient
Roman question has not
even yet begun to be an
swered. The commonwealth
is the custodian ot our con
duct, but its own conduct
is often at shocking vari
ance with what it prescribes
for us.
This is perhaps less true
In a democracy than in it
totalitarian . society - but
who would say that the
American people decide
where we are going, what
we are doing, and how we
are doing it? If we
plunge into war, will the
American citiienry have
any more to say about it
than the Russian citiienry?
Do we have the informa
tion, the time, the re
sources at our disposal, to
make such an irreversible
decision?
the Bulgarians already had
recognized an U- Arab union.
To the Africans this smack
ed of color discrimination.
in more recent weeks, a
tsttir ot incidents also based
on color barriers and also in
volving African students have
erupted in Czechoslovakia.
In the latest one, Ghanian,
Guinean and Ethiopian stu
dents battled Czechs, one of
whom had yelled a disparag
ing remark at a Czech girl ac
companying one of the Afri
cans to a cafe dance.
Growing Resnntment
In Czechoslovakia, the out
breaks are said to be the re
sult of growing Czech resent
ment over the increasing
amount of economic aid being
extended to under-developed
countries.
The Czechs blame foreign
aid for the deterioration in
their own standard of living.
once the highest of all tha
Communist bloc nations.
Considering the size of
Czechoslovakia this aid has
in fact been enormous,
amounting to more than all
the other Red European satel
lites put together. From 1956
to 1960, it amounted to $500
million dollars, second only
to the Soviet Union.
Czech military aid has ex
tended from Cuba to Indo
nesia and points in between.
Meat has become increas
ingly scarce, arousing special
resentment among a peopln
who know that Czech meat
is being shipped both to East
Germany and Cuba. Con
sumer goods have become in
creasingly shoddy.
But whatever the cause,
whether the discrimination
be practiced in Prague, Sofia
or Moscow, for the Africans
it is a disillusionment.
Matter of Fact By
Joseph Alsop
(c) New York Herald Tribune Syndicate
Ml
Why a Board?
To the Editor: In a letter
to the editor of May 28, Alice
Black commented on a book
in our public library. "The
Last Temptation of Christ" by
Nikas Kayantzakis. and quot-
driving It) or 15 miles the i ,rom "vcrai pages,
motor will die; when left set ; 1 Kre' wl,h 'ou no
for a period of 10 or 15 mln-;one should be cen-
titcs the motor will start i 50 sn1 believe that any.
again When this happens re-!one hould have the freedom
move the fuel tank cap until i of choice to purchase any
another fuel tank cap can be i book of their desire. But, in
purchased from a dealer of a public library, tax support-
that make and model.
Glen D. Oppie
Ridgeway
Mcdford.
ed. I should think that ob
cenc literature should be
banned.
Isn't j library board sup-)
The world has grown too
big and too small at the same
time: too big in its complex
ity, and too small in its di
mensions. What affects one
affects all - and yet the prob
lems are so intricate, the
variables so many, the con
trols so sensitive, that every
one feels paralyzed and in
effective and overwhelmed.
like an ant in an avalanche.
All people everywhere
want basically the same things
for themselves and for their
children. It should be the task
of governments to reconcile
these common ends with the
functions and needs and dif
ferent systems of each society,
insteaa. tne ninerences are
exaggerated, and the common
ends obscured. Can anything
short of a global catastrophe
bring us to the light? That is
the only question worth ask
ing today.
posed to Judge books on the
basis of acceptability for pub
lic reading? By what standard
do they judge by? Controver
sial matter or otherwise? I
should hope not! But if not by
a standard of decency - bar
ring obscene literature - then
by what standard? And if any
thing miy come into a public
library, then why do we need
a library board?
Mrs R. J. Loucks
P. O. Box 209
Phoenix. Ore.
X
WHY LEGISLATE?
Washington - By the Jus
tice Department's initial, in
complete count, more than 30
Negro mass demonstrations
against racial discrimination
occurred 1 n
the last seven
days. In Chi
cago, 1,700
Negroes gath
ered to pro
test a ceme
tery's refusal
to cremate
the body of a
Negro woman.
Alsnp In Los Ange
les, 30,000 filled the city stad
ium to mark their sympathy
with the Negroes of Birming
ham. In North Carolina alone,
there were six major or min
or demonstrations. This is the
context in which the grim
tale of the Jackson, Miss.,
school-children must be read.
It is disgusting, not to say
macabre, that American citi
zens should be driven to use
the device of mass protest,
over a hundred years since
the Civil War began, for the
sole purpose of securing equal
treatment with their fellows.
When you think of that Chi
cago cemetery's refusing to
cremate a dead woman be
cause of the color of her skin,
you ask yourself whether the
Christian tradition has not
somehow lost its substance.
MEANWHILE, however, the
a" practical fact must also
be faced that the country is
confronted with a new phen
omenon. The long passivity
and the subsequent sporadic
anger of. the Negro people
have now been transmuted
into a new mass feeling. Attorney-General
Robert Ken
nedy, who knows more about
the matter than anyone else,
expects the mass protest
movement to grow rather
than subside.
It is a fearful thing to say,
but it is nonetheless the truth
that so far the United States
has been lucky in the out
come of these protests. Things
have happened, scenes have
been enacted, which ought to
have shocked any American
who believes in freedom, be
he Christian or atheist. Yet
no one has been killed.
But if the mass protests in
crease from 30 to 40 a week,
to 60 or 80 a week, tt is Im
possible to suppose that the
luck will hold. Somewhere,
somehow, emotions will rise
too high, or the police dogs
of a n o th e r Commissioner
"Bull" Connor will break
their leashes, or something
else will happen, and blood
will be shed.
a a
THE blood may indeed be
shpri hv Nfiiro demon
strators. That possibility has
to be faced, for Negro emo
tions, very naturally. re ris
ing especially rapidly. Vio
lence cannot be condoned.
But if blood is shed, those
who shed it will only share
the guilt with those who ob
stinately seek to perpetuate
the system of unequal rights.
This is the real background
of the Kennedy administra
tion's last-minute decision to
offer a new Civil Rights bill
to Congress. Until a few
weeks ago, the Administra
tion was content to try what
could be done with a quieter
but no less energetic approach
to' the problem.
Attorney-General Kennedy,
the President himself, other
members of the cabinet when
they could be helpful, have
all spent time and effort
without stint to persuade key
businessmen in segregationist
states to move forward to
wards desegregation. This
massive but unseen effort has
brought results, but not
enough results, as the present
crisis proves.
a
FURTHERMORE, the un
seen effort has revealed a
pattern justifying a call for
legislation. Among the many
scores of department store
owners, theater owners, and
the like whom Attorney-Genera!
Kennedy has urged to
accept desegregation, not ona
has failed to admit that de
segregation was ultimately
unavoidable. Often they have
said it was desirable.
Many have refused to move,
however, or have moved only
by the poorest half-measures,
and always on the same ex
cuse. They have said that if
"everybody would do it," they
would be glad to desegregate.
But they have been reluctant
to "do it all alone." In other
words, they have been reluct
ant to move because they
feared the white extremists
on the other side.
These responses show the
need for positive legislation
desegregating public facilities
-legislation which will serve
as a shelter, so to say, behind
which those who wish to de
segregate but dare not can
go forward safely. Federal
legislation is also needed to
justify Federal intervention.
WITHOUT such legislation,
moreover, the govern
ment has no excuse to inter
vene unless blood has been
shed or the danger of blood
shed is imminent. And that is
precisely what ought to be
prevented in advance.
These facts, plus the rise
of the mass protest movement,
have led to the decision to
ask for a law desegregating
public facilities in all business
and institutions which come
under the commerce clause
of the Constitution, by selling
goods in interstate commerce
or otherwise.
The bill will certainly im
pede the rest of the Admin
istration's legislative program.
It will not pass, cither, with
out active Republican sup
port, which may not be forth
coming because of the rising
power of the Goldwater Re
publican wing. But the time
is getting very late; and the
hour when politics could safe
ly be played with this prob
lem has long since passed.
K . '
"There's your introduction) Remember the road to
the White House lies through Havana!"
J 1