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MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD, OREGON
Z ' SUNDAY. MAY It. liti g y
oviet Union Stretches Through 11 Timme Zones
EFtT J. KORENGOLD i and 12 final anrt mm.IJ ailu C.!..ll.i t 1.1: c?..:. -
-By ROBERT J. KORENGOLD
United Press International
Moscow -UPl- It covers one
- sixth of the earth's inhabited
land surface, sprawls across
two continents roughly one
.lialf of Europe and one-third
:of Asia, borders on 12 nations
and 12 seas, and could easily
hold within its borders two
United States of Americas.
Its 8.602.700 square miles
make it bigger than all of
South America.
That is the Union of Soviet
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NAME..
STREET-
CITY
ZONE-
. STATE...
Socialist Republics - Soviet
Union for short.
From its western frontiers
with Romania, Hungary,
Czechoslovakia, Poland, Nor
way and Finland it stretches
more than 6,000 miles and 11
time zones toward the east,
where it touches North Korea
and the Pacific ocean.
At one point, on the Bering
Straits, its far eastern boun
dary is only 56 miles from
U. S. territory in Alaska.
From the country's Arctic
ocean frontiers in the north
to its southern borders with
Turkey and Iran and in the
southeast with Afghanistan,
Mongolia and Communist Chi
na is a journey of roughly
3,000 miles.
Huge Population
The Soviet Union with 220
million citizens, is the third
largest country in the world
In population behind China
and India.
Its climate differences are
so great that roses can be
blooming In the south while
temperatures colder than
those at the 'North Pole pre
vail near Yakutia in northern
Siberia.
The Soviet Union also is
rich in virtually every min
eral and other natural re
source. It has nearly one.
third of the forest land of
the entire world, as well as
100,000 rivers and the world's
largest hydropower resources.
It is the world's first rank
ing producer of iron ore, coal
and woolen cloth, and Eu
rope's largest producer of pig
iron, steel, electricity, cement,
machines and cotton fabrics.
Rivals U. S.
Along with its industrial
growth the USSR also has
emerged as the world's main
political and military rival to
the United States.
The launching of the first
Soviet artificial earth satel
lite (Spulnik-1) Oct. 4, 1957,
twill roil
SHOWS RUSSIA This United Press Inter
national newsmap shows the Union of So
viet Socialist Republics Ohorzontal lines),
ihe Communist giant which covers one
sixth of the earths inhabited land surface.
(UPI)
ACTIVE FUN RETIREMENT
fot$70$ Month
Here at Woodburn Senior Estates
in the heart of Oregon's beautiful
Willamette Valley you can own
your new home on your own lot with
monthly payments as low as $70 up
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This is active retirement . . . you
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that's not too much to care for. -
These ere soma of the people
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carried the world into the
space age. Historically, the
Soviet Union stems directly
from czarist Russia, but it has
grown into a union of 15 dif
ferent republics welded into
one nation,
Soviet citizens represent
more than 100 different peo
ples speaking roughly as many
languages. They range from
slant-eyed Mongolian racial
stock to blue-eyed Slavs and
dark-haired Caucasian moun
tain peoples in the south.
Farming Is Vital
The Soviet Union's main
economic accent is on indus
trializing what was once a
predominantly agricultural
country. But farming still
plays a major role in Soviet
life.
Since the 1917 revolution
almost all private farms have
heen turned either into giant
state run enterprises (sovk
hozes) where workers are
paid wages, or Into collective
farms (kolkhozes) where the
peasants divide the profits of
their joint operations.
Although the Soviet Union
is no longer a "capitalist"
country, it is not, by its own
definition, a "Communist"
one.
It is a "socialist" state
which Soviet leaders view as
sort of a stepping stone to a
full Communist society in
which all citizens theoretical
ly would be provided abun
dantly with whatever they
needed, without regard to
their actual work contribu
tion to the common good.
Meanwhile, benefits are in
proportion to work perform
ed and it is illegal for one
person to make a profit from
labor of another.
Thus, only the state can run
any enterprise in which peo
ple are employed to make a
profit.
Can Own Horn
A Soviet citizen is not
barred from having private
property, however. He can
own his own home, buy a car
and even hire someone to
help him do a job, providing
he pays his helper for work
performed and doesn't make
a profit directly from his
work.
Soviet workers still are
paid relatively modest cash
wages. But they have numer
ous state-paid benefits such
as completely free medical
care and free education and
low rents.
Pick a Russian off the street
and you will probably find
him an avid reader, theater
goer and sports fan.
The Soviet Union prints
one-fifth of the world's books.
It has more than 500 profes
sional theater companies and
nearly 30 million Soviet citi
zens belong to sports or phys
ical culture clubs.
Russians also are education
minded with a vengeance.
More than 2.6 million students
are enrolled in higher educa
tional establishments in the
USSR, almost four times the
amount enrolled in Great
Britain, France, West Germa
ny and Italy combined.
Many consumer goods are
still in short supply because
of the hea'y industry empha
sis but there have been gov
ernment efforts in recent
years to improve the quality
and variety of what there is.
Retains Old Habit
Along with its efforts to
raise living standards, the
Soviet regime has retained
old Russian habits of secrecy
and suspicion of foreigners,
who are barred from travel
to many areas of the country.
It also has kept a tight con
trol over what USSR citizens
may see, hear and think.
The Soviet Union is offi
cially an atheist state - non
belief In God. Religion, but
not religious instruction, is
tolerated. It Is attacked con
stantly, however, in the gov
ernment press.
No foreign newspapers oth
er than Communist are allow
ed on sale anywhere in the
USSR, and many foreign ra-
- , v wf jetmA
HOW TO GET TO W.S.E.
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turn right off Interstate Highway
5 at the Woodhum Exit (whether
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o tnueh lot
so little..:
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Choose from 22 attractive designs
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Low down payments and total monthly
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Total cash price from $8975 to
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400 Area Residents
To Receive Checks
From Government
tlJoocfbum Senior Estates
1275-H Market Road No. 214, Woodburn, Oregon
tend rha coupan
teddy for a
complete color
brochure giving all
the details of
"Happy Days
Ahead at
Woodburn Senior
Lit ate".
t3 J. I., 1m.
INtH
voonmrnv senior fstatf.s
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I i..f..i ".,.. t.-4 Witt. tV fe f my
rifE COIOI IrOCHUIl Mcibit fell .! wwkin
Some 400 or more Jackson
county residents will soon be
getting windfalls in the form
of Government pension
checks.
These payments, unsought
and unexpected, represent
benefits due them under the
Old-Age and Survivors Insur
ance system. They are i
titled to them because of their
contributions, over the years,
to the OASI trust fund.
Then why are they not re
ceiving them? Simply because
they did not apply for them.
Why did they not apply for
them? Because they did not
realize they were entitled to
them.
Startled To Discover
The OASI themselves were
startled to discover recently
that there are more than 1,-
000.000 people in the United
States who are eligible for
pensions but are not getting
lliem.
When it became apparent
that there were more of them
than had been realized, they
gave their giant computers the
task of finding out just how
many. An avalanche of names
poured out of the machines.
For every 17 people or so
who are receiving monthly
pension checks, there is an
additional one, it develops,
who should be but is not.
In Jackson county, there
are an estimated 417 of these
non-collecting eligible).
They could be receiving
anywhere from $40 a month,
which is the minimum amount
paid, to the present maximum
of $254 a month.
Average Benefit
The average old-age benefit.
according to the latest OASI
figures, is $76.18.
On the basis of this average,
the 417 local beneficiaries
who are on the missing list
are passing up payments ag
gregating about $111,757 every
month, or $381,140 a year.
borne spot-checking on the
part of the Government re
veals that there are many rea
sons to explain the failure of
qualified people to apply for
their pensions.
Most of them didn't think
they were eligible. This was
frequently so In the case of
men and women who contin
ued working beyond age 65.
Others thought they didn't
GROWING BIZ
New York - 0.TD - Caring
for the health of farm animals
is a business certain to grow,
believes Whitmoyer labora
tories, which makes 90 prod
ucts for livestock and poultry
growers. The company says
millions of calves, .nerp.
swine and puuiiry die yearly
that could be saved and
brought to market.
have enough working quar
ters to qualify. They were un
aware of changes in the rules
that reduced the number of
quarters needed.
A large number of others
had the false notion that a
person had to be needy to be j
entitled to Social Security
pensions.
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FRI.
ts
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Othor ta t
dio broadcasts are drowned
out by an elaborate network
of Soviet radio transmitters.
Although the Soviet Union
has a president (Leonid Brez
hnev), a prime minister (Niki
ta Khrushchev), a parliament
(the Supreme Soviet) and pe
riodic nationwide elections in
which only one candidate
runs for each office, it is not
this giant apparatus, but the
Communist parly, which real
ly runs the nation.
Only one In 22 Soviet citi
zens is a party member (about
I " HI!
10 million in all) but their
influence is enormous.
In very general terms, the
party leadership decides what
is to be done and then the
government does it.
In many instances people
who have responsible party
posts also hold top govern
ment jobs as well.
Premier Khrushchev has
just such a double responsi
bility. He is not only premier,
but is first secretary of the
party Central committee or,
in effect, leader of the party.
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Is the Flexible Medium
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Newspapers don't tie up the advertiser with rigid time
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MEDF0RD.JSWrRIBUNE
J