3 fcS&X.
MEBFOHD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFOHD, OREGON
THURSDAY. MAY 2, 1963
.10 D
fenyd Tribesmen to Vote For Independent Statehood
T P CONTENDER-Jomo Kenjutts Knya'i
air.fiter ct state for consti'.ulionul iiffairn
a 'id econumic planning, looki. i't book about
h mself ii library of the Kenya Initilutii
of Administration. Kenyatta, former Mail
Mau leader, is one of top contenders for
leadership of Kenya when it achieves in
dependence. (UPI) .
By JACK EMSOLL -.
r-'j wted Pttn Intunalional
" ' Ljrobi, Kenyr.-flJPD-Nearly
!!.( 0c 00 Kenya tribesmen
f.n I yne 60,000 white citizeiu
will 'so w the polls neiu
mitvii to vote into power
vhi u tint hemcmle govern
jni nl -
. V tribesmen await the
o ft in delighted anticfua. i bar of
lio. f approaching Indepc.id-, r-rsin
People's. Paii: (APP) under
Paul Ngi.
i The b eakdovn of political
parties reflects profound poll
tical, e.onowli and social
ti.olits "51'scd b;' ancient tribal
fiara oni'. jcilo isies. KADU is
p. coflilion oi! the smaller
tribes th")Uhcut Kenya who
?i.ve dn-wn together out of
;tlm powerful and
oi y Kikuyu tribe.
en .i i taiehiiod. The whiles of I KANU ii a uininn of the Kiku
yus with the equally militant
bit sma lcr ILno tribe. Kanu
i'ormei'ly receh cd the support
of- the Kamba- tribe from
whose lank!' most of the
Kcnys Army-. ind police are
drawn hut ist November
Kamba ,lcfide, Paul Ngcl,
took his tribe ut of the alli
ance aivl for ncd his own
party, th ! APJ'i with the slo
gan "Freedom and Land."
Warrior Tribe
The Kimliai arc a warrior
tribe riutitv.-ihg 750,000 and
aril the ftcrth oiggcsv in Ken
yn. They mate up half of
the km I'n! African rifles,
which ciiuld cause a great
deal o!. trculita after inde
(vnden te . H- ) Igei can carry
U.'i'se aoliiiors with him.
Ve;i i tall handsome man,
Is Wttctl V nl'-European. His
- iMitfa aail It Riarfully. XTwy
ih.vK bitterly of "another
Polling - will 'be' staggered
, o'' tr one week - from May
11 In May 26. The elections
..iili i .'or the two Housen of
i tlii' National Assembly the
.'Seti'e and the House of Kop
i reientativeti. There also wiil
he elections for seven regional
asi efUies.
(o.iya has been a British
snm i,-olony for 43 years. At
onr !rne it was thtught to
, tin r. ' the lerritory into a
wLa dominion" :.'n Eat
AIki but the risinn tide i.f
Af'ican nalfonalism n swept
av ay : thess, British . ijopes -an
I f.'.ie hopes of its vastly
oun;imbered whiw settlers.
H lhe coming elections the
lai t v .stiseii of European poli
here of political bitterness
and. incipient violence the
white Kenyans wait their fate
uneasily. They remember the
days and nights of terror dur
ing the Mau-Mau atrocities in
19S2-S3. Then, gangs of Kiku
yu banded themselves togeth
er with barbaric rites and
oaths. They swept out of: the
hills and forest to slaughter
white farmcs and their wom
en, and hacking ineir came
to death.
Those of their fellow Kiku
yu and other Africans who
refused to take the bestial
Mau Mau oaths also were
slaughtered. When the gangs
were finally broken up and
driven permanently into the
forest after three years, 84
Europeans had been killed
and 1,500 Kikuyu cut to pieces
by Mau Mau Pangas. It is es
timated 10,500 members of
the Mau Mau gangs were kill
ed by the police and troop.
The Europeans fear that on
Independence there will be
a mad scramble for land and
they will be the chief victims.
For land hunger is the basis
of the tribal differences.
Bullish Loans
In a final desperate effort
to solve tho land problem be
fore handing over the country
to its natives, the British gov
ernment has made loans of
nearly 12 million sterling
($33,600,000) and outright
gifts of nine million sterling
($25.2 million) toward land
resettlement schemes for Af
ricans, under which white
farmers will be bought out
or new land opened up for
small holders.
Whether this land plan -which
will take five years to
complete - will slop the mad
rusn lor land by various
tribes when Independence
comes Is anybody s guess.
No date has yet been set
Dy uriiain ior Kenya s inde
pendence. The new govern
ment will be required to
prove It can function and full
independence' will come after
another constitutional confer
ence, probably in a year's
time.
The new constitution which
comes inf.o effect with the
elections is a compromise be
tween a ledoral and central.
Izcd form of government. The
regional system was decided
on because of KADU's fears
that the smaller tribes would
be overwhelmed by a Kikuyu
dictatorship. Under the two
tier legislature it is hoped the
rise of a single party dictator
ship will be prevented.
M'he House of Representa
tives will contain 117 single
member constituencies. These
members will then choose a
further 12 specially elected
members, making a total for
th House of 129 members.
The Upper House or Senate
will have a total membership
of 41 - all directly elected.
The total membership of the
seven regional assemblies will
be 211 and each regional as
sembly will have an elected
president. The executive au
thority of each region will
be vested in the regional as
sembly, not the central gov
ernment. Then there is still another
major and potentially explo
sive problem. Once the home
rule government is in power
it must face a decision on
the issue of the Somalis of
the Northern Frontier district.
The Somalis occupy nearly
one-quarter of Kenya's terri
tory in the north-east corner.
There are 350,000 of them.
They are a Hamitic people
and don't want to be ruled
by Africans in Nairobi.
Nomadic People
The Somalis are a nom.idic
people who wander over the
huge desert uplands of their
country seeking seasonal pas
tures. Thcv seek the right to
Join up with their fellows in
the Independent Somali re
public to the north when
Kenya becomes independent.
And they have stated they
will fight for this right of self
determination if it is not
granted.
The British government
has posinonet! a decifi i' of
the Sornaits but went part
way by designating their ter
ritory as one of. the .wvon dis
tricts of Kenya, making de
tachment easy if such a deci
sion were made. But this did
not satisfy anyone and last
month the Somali republi
broke off diplomatic relation
with Britain despiie Fritisl
assurances that once the nev
Kenya government was elect
ed it would discuss the scpara
tion question.
Leaders of both the KANl
and KADU parties have sale
thry will not agree to sccc-s
jitn for the Somalis.
En'irely apart from th
worries of what the futun
wii; bring for Kenya itscl
snd its white minority, failure
to settle the Somali questior
quickly could sow the scedt
of war in the horn of Africa
Dennis the Menace
t.Kj Sii Kenya will disappear, i poU'iva I pliitlorm is simple.
Tliree Seek Powei!
fhree Afiican nationalist
ptrtas are contending for
ptprr - the Ke.r.yt Alrican
D r cratic Untoft (KADU)
le (f Ronald lnr, the Ken
yii"African NiiBJunal Union
(KANU) Jed by cue-time Mau
M tu leader. -Jomo .Kenyatta
an I. the newly iormed Africjn
He . tells his people: t'You
want la il, The Europeans
have Inn 'I. tick to me and
I will e , Su 'opcan land and
give II t jot ." He is Idolized
by t,lr; i ciiof e ' in the same
way th'i i tin veteran nation
alii I, Ko ,y;ilU, is idolized by
thi -Kiln jm.
In the mid it of this atmos-
km i it 4 v-r ;
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