I
g THURSDAY. APRIL 4. 1M3 MEDFOnP MAIL, thibuhe. MLurunu, wwyji
Defense Department Out to Close Low Level Air
S .... .......... .. ! j ji.. j ki.k v.Kin u hlrhin like the Russian "Ha- Redeye - This is a oniMiian, j res:
Gap
Br DARRELL GARWOOD an American U2 reconnais- j disappear in second! bctore
United Pre:: International sance plane at 60,000 feet or the bomb explodes.
Washington -IUPII- American more. Now it is taken for r,ow . level U.S. reconnais
weaponeers are out to prove granted that the upper air sance planes over Soviet mis
that a plane flying 1,000 miles lanes would be unsafe for ,ie bases defended by anti
an hour with a nuclear bomb bombers in war. j aircraft guns in Cuba last fall
six times more powerful than j The difference is that the proved they could get in and
the Hiroshima atomic bomb far-faster, heat - seeking and out before anyone had time
must be consigned once and radar-guided missiles have to take aim and fire, even
for all to the military hor3e- time to "lock onto" the hi?h- though the planes had to come
and-buggy days. flying planes and assure their in nose-down to get close up
That according to Defense destruction. j photographs.
ine same aocsn i apply to r ancy nimn
i a low-flyine plane which may , A U.S. low level bomber
appear suddenly just over the
top of a ridge, may go into a
wild looping maneuver to toss
in which the bomb is released
while the plane is speeding
upward. The French have a
variation called a "chandelle,"
in which the critical turn is
more sideways than upward
Department experts, is one
way of describing renewed
U.S. effort to close the so
called low-level anti-aircraft
defense gap which French
President Charles de Gaulle's
mnemonic nuclear bombers
are designed to penetrate.
Such a gap does exist, the
experts admit. But three U.S.
missile weapons - the Hawk,
Mauler and Redeye - are ex
pected to close It before de
Gaullt completes his 50
bomber "force de frappe."
Surprisingly, conside ring
there have been few realistic
tests, authorities, Including de
Gaulle, appear to be agreed
that the highflying bomber
which can neither be seen nor
heard is no longer any match
for sophisticated missiles.
Upper Air Sofa
Leu than three years ago
there was consternation when
the Soviet Union shot down
would come in flat and exe
cute a maneuver called an
immclman." This is a back
its bomb upward, and then j ward loop followed by a roll, few missiles with a name that
vividly describes its perform
ance. It rises into the air and
then pounces on low -living
planes like a hawk. The mis
sile would be mounted at Ihe
I target or. in the case of le-
The Pentagon's answer is a ! fending troops, well behind
"defense in depth" which the front lines. If the approach
would either force the bomb- was from the sea or over Hat
ers up to where they were ground, the Hawk can reach
vulnerable or destroy them out as much as 18 miles to
near the ground as they sped destroy a low-flying plane,
toward their target. The Russians have a missile
The three missile weapons ; similar to Hawk in the "Sam
would be deployed as follows:
Hawk Performs
Hawk - This is one of the
defense may
ideal.
Looks Like Tank
3." which is now reported in Mauler - Ihis is a iracitea
Cuba but apparently wasn't vehicle that looks like a tank
operational at the time of the I and mounts a nine-barreled
October missile crisis. The . set of rocket launchers some-
hich altitude version is the I thing like the Russian Ka
"Sam 2." Either the Hawk or : tusha" of World War II. It
the Sam 3 can "lock onto" md i wou,d patrol sevcrai miles
destroy a plane in less than , ahcad of ,he targct or in lne
a minute. This, at near-sonic , casc j troopSi near the front
speed, is the time it would ; ,jncs The multiple nature of
take a bomber to travel 10; iu jaunchers is misleading
miles. But the margin f since jt win never be used to
safety with Hawk alone is un- j throw up a barrage and will
comfortable, especially since even what mjijtaiv
conditions for this typeot; ,, "rjooic" firing. It
this
be less
of
than
Redeye - This is a one-man, rcss me aovieu, proDaoiy are
shoulder-fired, bazooka - type making In the same tields.
weapon that could be used The French hope to have
many miles from the target, seven of their "Mirage''
or by patrols in advance of the bombers in operation by the
front lines. Like the Mauler cnj 0f this year and a corn
missiles. Redeye is heat-seek-1 pictc fleet of them by the end
ing. It can be fired effectively 0f jobs.
at the plane's exhaust as it Is The Hawk js aiready open,
going away. . tional on a large scale. Tiie
French Active first production models of the
There is no thought of Mauler are to be purchased
America needing a defense beginning next July 1 under
against the French bombers, terms of the budget now be
but this country's progress in fore Congress. Redeye is in
the teehniaues of land and air an advanced stage of develop.
nitely made the anti-aircraft , warfare is usually considered ment and could be in the
barrage a thing of the past. I a rough measure of the prog-hands of troops by 1965.
will fire one or at most two
or three missiles at a plane,
and expect a kill every time.
Sophisticated missiles, accord
ing to the experts, have defi
Latin Americans
Gef Subversion
Lesson at Home
Br PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign News Analyst
Fort Gulick, Canal Zone -AJPD
- Lt. Col. Cailson Johnson
is a "Swede from Minnesota."
He has short -cropped hair,
horn rimmed glasses and a
gentle voice which belles his
record.
Johnson fought for two
years 'along the Burma Trail
with Merrill's Marauders dur
ing World War II and was
among the remaining 800 of
the original 3,000 who finally
reached Kunming.
Today, he is the chief in
structor at the counter-insurgency
section of the U.S.
Army Caribbean school at this
base on the Atlantic side of
the Canal Zone.
A long way from the Burma
Trail, ho la training Latin
American officers to tight
Communist sub version at
home.
Fight Guerrilla
This Is to bo an exercise
against Communist guerrillas
In the Imaginary country of
"Zonla": '
Zonia has a typical situs
tlon - corruption In govern
ment, over - crowded cities,
wealth concentrated in the
hands of a few. For three
years It has been a major
Communist target; strikes
plague the cities and guer
rillas terrorize the country
side. For the exercise, Panama
nian national guardsmen pose
as the guerrillas.
In the field, Peruvian Offi
cer Jorge Whlttenbury orients
his map and outlines his bat
tle plan. Last night, he had
been leader of a song fest In
the Officers' club. Today, he
is deadly serious.
Three patrols will go out
on a mission designed both
to collect information and to
exterminate the enemy.
Surprise Attack
In the action, some guer
rillas are captured, some kill
ed. A surprise attack on the
friendly base is fought off.
But the sub-commander left
in charge of the base wounded
and a rescue helicopter Is
called.
But In arranging for the
helicopter, the friendly forces
leave their supplies unguard
ed and the guerrillas blow
them up.
This Is the start of an eight
day exercise and In the first
day there have been mistakes
which will be taken up at a
day's end critique and. hope
fully, won't be repeated.
Only Scheel
The Usacarlb school Is the
only U.S. Army school dedi
cated entirely to military
training for Latin Americans
in their own language.
lis courses range from en
gineering to counter insurg
ency, since HMD it has gradu
ted more than 12,000 stu
dents. This year. In Its court-ter-insurgency
course alone, i
It will graduate 300.
It's motto is "one for all
and all for one" and it is part I
of the U.S. answer to Fidel I
Castro's attempt to export his I
own brand of Communist :
revolution.
It Is not the whole answer
to Castro Infiltration, nor is !
It intended to be.
But in the Caribbean com- j
mind an attempt is being
marfc to teach not only mill- I
tar.y tactics against sub
tiersfbn but also to install a '
loyalty to democracy.
The occupations that ab
sorbed 60 per cent of last j
year's college graduates 'icre '
nnt i, ....... lukM ..
... . .... nuui iiic
graduates were born.
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AND
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Rules for Playing
Get a Spell C-A-S-H card each time you visit Safe
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Safeway employees and their families are not eligible to
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Children under eighteen are net eligible to win in contest.
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BONELESS
ROAST
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Hallibut Steaks 79c
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. . wsctonp wail iniauHE, MEProno, untiion THURSDAY. APRIL 4. IMS
Move to Erase Ugly American Image at Port of Entry
(Editor s note The U.S. j of the people who work on I r a n k-and-file personnel tn i rriurn trin airnlan lirkrt ivrmiinnai stmnn whK ihi i inmis,n. t . , . i . j .... aaT
Immigration and Naturali
zation service, on orders
from President Kennedy, is
trying to help erase the
"ugly American" image
sometimes associated with
this country abroad. What
the government agency is
doing is described in the
following dispatch.)
By SAM FOGG
United Press International
Washington-HOT-'i hope . . .
that wc will make sure that
all of our airports and all of
our piers at the seas and all
i them show a face of America
i which is our best face."
! President Kennedy said, dedi
' eating Dulles International
Airport on Nov. 18.
Face Lifting
In keeping with the Presi
dent's words, the Nation's
i welcome to foreign visitors
and returning American tour
ists and businessmen is
undergoing a facc-licting op
eration for the better.
A tour of immigrations and
customs operations at key
ports of entry reflects a de
termined effort on the part of
ran k-and-file personnel to I return trip airplane ticket
provide travellers of every I and is frantic. Maria Louisa
ternational airport where the the immigration service is
nationality an uneffusive but
warm greeting.
Kennedy in his airport
speech singled out for special
notice the persbnncl of the
U.S. immigration and natura
lization service as "the first
Americans that visitors will
see here in the United
States."
Recently, here's what they
have seen:
At San Juan airport in
Puerto Rico, a young Domini
can in the process of entering :
U.S. territory has mi. laid his
Bolivar, a Spanish-Speaking
immigration service port re
ceptionist, comes to his help.
The two backtrack through
the customs area, through the
immigration inspection booth,
and in the airport entryway.
There they find his ticket.
The young visitor voices his
thanks and hurries off. To
Maria Louisa, it is part of the
fun of her job.
"That's the best of being
a port receptionist helping
people." she said.
At new York's Idlewild In-
visitors arrive by the thous
ands each day, a young Ger
man mother enters the immi
gration inspection area trying
lo control a tired and fidgety
10-month-old boy.
Kolcne French, versed in
German and Spanish, moves
to her aid. The boy winds up
in Kolene's arms, while his
mother is cleared through in
spection. He is trundled away
happily in a luggage cart that
resembles the younger set
vehicles in every American
supermarket.
For Kolene, her career in
family tradition. Her father
and an uncle are both veteran
employes.
The port receptionists, nat
Illy trim in their bright blue
uniforms, are the most obvl.
ous manifestation of the ef
forts being made to extend
an attractive welcome at the
nation's ports of entry.
They number about 40 now
and serve at about 12 airports
under the direction of Retta
Ann Kirchmicr, who hopes to
build up her welcoming force
to. at least 70 during the next
year or so.
Inspectors for the immigra
tion, customs and public
health services don't quit
exert the eye-catching charm
of the young receptionists. To
begin with they're men.
But they operate with the
same hospitable spirit of wel
come. The luxury liner, the Con
stitution, slips quietly into
New York harbor during the
night with 800 passengers
aboard returning U.S. tour
ists and visiting foreigners.
By 6 a.m., five immigration
inspectors have set up shop
in the big ship's lounge bar.
One by one and by couples
the passengers begin to drift
In to undergo an Immigration
inspection that for most
marks their first dealing with
U.S. officials.
For. many of them, their
first greeting is from Cono
Trubiano, a 37-year-old na
tive of Brooklyn who could
well be dean of men at a
charm school.
The one-time Army cor
poral docs it with a few
words and a flashing smile.
To the returning American
tourist and his wife, the dia
logue may only consist ot
$1AA00
(AjSTHJ
$100 Wl WWrr I
I Hi Van. a.
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Prices effective Thurs
day, April 4 thru Sun
day, April 7 at Safeway
in Medford. We reserve
the right to limit.
I
this: "Did you enjoy your
trip; we re glad to have you
home again ''
For the British visitor and
his wile, another. simple for
mula: 'is this your first trip
here? I hope you enjoy our
country."
Within a minute or so, Tru
biano has checked his "alert"
book which contains the
names ot several thousand
Americans and foreigners
who have come under the
surveillance ot the customs
bureau, the FBI, the narcot
ics people and other security
agencies. He has stamped the
passports and cleared them
for immigration purposes.
He has also managed quiet
ly to give the United Statei
some satisfied customers.
Just Like Boss
Inspector Trubiano reflect!
his boss, Raymond F. Farrell,
commissioner of immigration
and naturalization since 1961.
Farrell has stressed to his
Inspectors that while U.S. se
curity must be safeguarded
from undesirable aliens, the
government is now engaged
in an entensive campaign to
attract foreign visitors.
He has urged that the aver
age tourist from abroad be
cleared for entry with "a
minimum of delay" and,
where possible, has ordered
that red tape be cut.
"Courtesy and tact" has be
come the watchword of his
service.
From overseas last year,
863,000 tourists or visitors
come to the United States, the
greatest number in history.
Tourist travel from Europe
alone increased 32 per cent.
In the future, an even greater
influx is anticipated.
The best example of this is
the pre-inspection procedure
which has been worked out
by the immigration service
immigration service and snip
ing and airline companies
which bring in returning
Americans and foreigners.
Advance Check
Under the prc-inspection
system, U. S. officials, co
operating with the carriers,
make their checks of entrants
before the last leg of the
journey to the United States
begins.
The nre-lnanectlon proce
dure has been Installed at a
number ot airline points in
Canada ana lor steamship
passengers irom Honolulu,
the Mediterranean, Guam
and' Puerto Rico."
Th Idea is catching on with
airlines and steamship lines,
foreign and domestic alike.
There la evidence that "op
eration face-lifting" is work
ing. Hare are excerpts from
unsolicited letters received
by the immigration service
and the other agencies In
volved:
Stanley B. Butt. Isle of
wight, England: "Express my
thanks and appreciation to
the members of your depart
ment for the courteous man
ner in which they performed
their duties. At all times they
were quick and cheerful. As
a stranger, it was necessary
for me to ask for Information
and directions. Always in evi
dence was an attitude to help
In a manner that made me
feel very welcome. Thank
you for giving me the privi
lege of landing In your
country."
Consul Thanked
From Arthur H. Spitzer,
consul for the Netherlands in
Honolulu: "Thank you for the
wonderful service and cour
tesy received from you and
the men of your department
In the quick clearing of the
passengers of the S. S. Zul
derkruls, a Netherlands flag
vessel, on her recent stop
here In Honolulu."
Mrs. Harold C. Kelleian, a
returning American, wrote of
the courtesy shown six for
eigners who were on her
flight that landed at Friend
ship, Md., airport. "I should
like to congratulate you In
having in your employ the of
ficer who was on duty that
day. Not only was he unfail
ingly courteous and patient,
but he took a genuine inter
est in welcoming these peo
ple to the United States, in
wishing them well, and In re
lieving some of their anxie
ties about passports, papers
and what to do next. He did
this without sentimentality or
aggressiveness. One hears so
much of the Importance of
this kind of 'ambassador of
good will' that it Is good to
see It In action."
What It all boils down to
seems to be: We're not all
ugly Americans.
Two Oregon Counties
Rated Disaster Areas
Washington -mm-Two Ore
gon counties, Lake and Mal
heur, have been designated
by Agriculture Secretary Or
vlllc Freeman as disaster
areas eligible to receive emer
gency aid as a result of flood
ing In January and February.
Sen. Maurinc Ncubcrgcr
(D-Orc), sold an emergency
fund ol $147,000 had been
allocated to the Oregon Agri
culture Stabilization and Con
servation Committee to share
costs of restoration measures
with farmers.
I
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15
5
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