I A
fiikhihM Nllr t r y
licy ALllfTlfMW?'UC4f8rr
u inAui cit Ed tor
T.i,. Editor
h Smsm. Mite
VI STABCHERWomtntKlllor
An Indtptndent N.wipip'
Inland Mcond cUn nuiut at
Madron Onion under Act ol
March J, 1B7
BUSSCHIPTION RATES
t Mall In Advincc
Pally and Sunday 1 swt'S.OO
any im auiiuBj " r'rr
tlv and Sunday 3 mo, 3.00
Sunday Only Ona year is 00
Sinai la Copy (Mailed) . aoa
y CaiTMM-And Motor oute
anjuy ana bww ' . .
n.iiv and Sunday 1 mo. 1.15
Sunday Only 1 mo. 50c
CirlLandWndors Copy too
3uiT - I .. f UMlfnflt
ofitetal Paper ol acliiion Ceung
united rresa iin.in.uju.'
0. 9. I. Telephoto Na(iplcturea
'member or Audit bureau
- S CIRCULATIONS
eLr'eoc,.
ATXS Ol'lcaa In New York. Chi
eaio Detroit. San franclaco, Los
Anielra SostUs. Portland
Donvar.
NIWIPAMt
PUSUIHIH
ASSOCIATION
Memoer California Nawspapor
PubUlhart Association
Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of Tha
Mall Trlbuno 10, 20, 30. 40
and 50 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
April 1, 1153 (Wodnaiday)
Possibility of the enlarge
ment of the Medlord airport
by the Air Force, lor uae as
an emergency Jet landing
field, was aeen here mHay.
A deed executing the sale
of Southern Pacific railroad
property between Main and
Sixth ita. to the First No
tional Bank of Portland was
filed with the Jackson county
clerk's office Tuesday.
tO YEARS AGO
April 1. IMS (Thursday)
Dr. C.
M. Paske installed
as ruler
of Medford Elks
lodge.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pot" column: "Up
state hens have started laying
V-hapod eggs (for victory) on
editor's desk, reports state."
30 YEARS AGO
April 1, 1333 (Saturday)
Local restaurant men warn
beer may be scarce for first
tew days after sale becomes
legal. Public interest high.
Butter shortage predicted
in Oregon as production de
creases. 10 YEARS AGO
April 1, 1123 (Sunday)
Coin n tennis club holds rlc
nic on Rogue river.
Jackson County Game Pro
tective association ousts Gov.
Walter Pierce from member
ship for "failure" to keep ap
pointment promises.
30 YEARS AGO
April 1, 1913 (Tuesday)
Local amateur talent gives
benefit show at Stur theater
for victims of Dayton, Ohio
floods.
Work started on improve
ments at Crater Lake Na
tional park.
What's Yoir I.Q.?
Nina at tan correct Is tuaerier;
seven or eight h) eicelleat; fivo or
la It toed.
1. From what source is in
sulin obtained?
2. Who was the last British
sovereign of the House of
Stuart?
3. Is macaroni hollow, or
solid?
4. Who was the first wo
man ever appointed as a for
eign minister by the United
States?
3. If you welcome a rise in
the stock market, would you
be a "bear" or a "bull?"
8. What did Abou Bon Ad
hem st when he awoke in
the nigitt?
7. Of vhat country was the
artist Murillo a native?
8. What one thing is essen
tial in fishing, a blow in bo.v
Ing and a tragedy in golf?
9. Is the puffing adder a
venomous, or a harmless rep
tile? 10. Into whal sea docs the
Dneiper River flow?
Answers: 1. From the pen
cieatic glands of cattle and
ksf. 2. Queen Anno (dlod
1714). 3. Hollow. 4. Ruth
Bryan Owen. 3. Bull. 8. An
angel writing in a book of
told. 7. Spain. 3. A hook. 3.
Harmless. 10. Black Soa.
caiMJAN
17
MONDAY. APRIL 1. 1M3
A Good Investment
The three institutions
fluence on youth today are the family, the church
and the school.
The public may not have much jurisdiction
over what kind of influence the family or church
will have on children; that is up to the family
and the family s religious
But the public does have a considerable
amount of influence over what kind of schooling
the children receive, and whether that schooling
will be of sufficient quality to develop the kind of
leaders needed m the future.
AN INVESTMENT in the schools of today is an
"investment in the future. If the investment to
day is adequate to obtain a quality product, then
the investment is well worth it.
This is the premise on which the budget for
School District 549C for next year was developed.
It is a premise on which the Medford district,
along with other school districts in this area, base
their philosophies.
And it is this investment which patrons of
District 549C will consider Wednesday when they
vote on a proposed budget exceeding the 6 per
cent limitation by $2,766,272.64.
The total budget for the district ($5,061,057.
07) represents an increase of $427,278.75 more
than this year's budget. It is a figure which was
not arrived at hastily or easily.
IT IS a figure which had its roots in discussions
starting last fall between a teachers commit
tee and a sub-committee
committee. During these discussions various pro
posals were considered for a teachers salary
schedule revision.
The two groups came up with what was con
sidered by the majority an equitable salary
schedule designed to attract and hold competent
teachers.
The district had fallen into a position in
which prospective teachers were being attracted
from this area because of below average starting
salaries. This was a major concern of school ad
ministrators last fall because it could, if it con
tinued, tend to lower the level of competency of
the teachers hired.
The revised teachers salary schedule is not
the only reason for the increase in the budget,
however. School administrators could see other
increases coming with higher prices and more
children.
THE budget committee
Alfhm AVnarit 11nir
VIMIV.f l.ll''.. ,wi iii.iii, ..111, i.v.. .11.
allowance to as small an increase as possible.
Every budget item was scrutinized individual
ly, some of them at more than one meeting, and
some of them on a continuing discussion basis
until a final decision had to be made.
Such was the case of additional classrooms,
another factor contributing to the increase.
Ordinarily, additional classrooms are includ
ed in capital outlay programs for which bonds
are issued. It takes time before an election can
be called and held, bonds can be sold, bids called
for construction, and the actual construction be
gins. School administrators feel that by bonding
for classrooms, the people whose children benefit
from the building are paying for it through the
years.
BECAUSE of an unsettled boundary situation,
and the knowledge that the state's recognized
bonding attorney would not approve a bond is
sue unless there were no such situations, suf
ficient time was not available to call for a bond
issue.
The budget committee had no choice but to
include in the budget funds for construction of
a minimum number of classrooms.
Through rearranging school service area
boundaries, and utilizing all available space, in
cluding a high school shop project, the commit
tee determined that five classrooms was the min
imum number necessary to avoid double-shifting
some primary pupils next year.
DECAUSE of the teachers salary schedule re
vision, the need for an additional 14 teachers,
and the need for additional classrooms to handle
the increased enrollment, the budget committee
trimmed every item in the budget possible, a
trimming which amounts to postponing many
items until next year or the year after.
The committee made sure, however, that the
academic program offered from the first grade
through high school was in no way jeopardized
by cutting anything from the budgei or reducing
the amount requested.
Not all items in the budget increased, though.
Many of the operating and maintenance of plant
items have been reduced in cost during the past
couple of years by reorganization, better utiliza
tion of personnel ami equipment, through selec
tive purchasing or bidding, and by other eco
nomical changes.
yHIS reduction in operating and maintaining
the plant has carried over into next year's
budget in many categories.
With the increase in the budget, however, the
pel' pupil cost in the Medford district still will
be about average with other districts of com
parable size.
This, educators feel, is perhaps the major
basis on which a school budget should be con
sidered. If the district can provide a quality educa
tion, such as the Medford district does, at an av
erage cost, then the investment is well worth it.
And it is on this basis that we recommend a
favorable vote Wednesday. E.H. A.
i .
havine the greatest in
background.
of the district budget
couldn't do much about
fnr thorn artA L-ppn fho
MEDFOKD
'We're In Complete Accord With The President
We Don't Want To Interfere With The
Legislative Branch Of Government"
Communications
Letters to the Editor must bear the name and address of the writer,
although under certain circumstances the use of a pen name or initial
for publication is permissible. The Mail Tribune reserves the right to
edit all letters with a view to clarification and condensation. Letter
lubmitud for publication must not exceed 400 words. The letters
printed in this column do not necessarily represent the views of t
paper. In fact the contrary is often the case.
Good Advice
To the Editor: A broker ad
vises you to put your money
in a dozen different kind of
stocks.
That's good advice, if you
got 7 million dollars to burn,
you can sit in the brokerage
house and watch them all
tumble at the same lime.
Everett Acklin
Ashland, Ore.
Congratulations
To the Editor: The Oregon
Association of School Super
visors wishes to extend sin
cere congratulations to the
staff of the Medford Mail Tri
bune as the recipient of the
Oregon Education Associa
tion's Communications Cita
tion.
Your understanding, sup
port, and presentation of the
contributions, problems and
needs of public education has
been highly commendable.
We are happy our profes
sion has had this opportunity
to recognize and acknowledge
your contribution to public
education.
Gladys Durrunri,
President
Oregon Association of
School Supervisors,
812 South Oakdalc avc.
Medford.
Russian Pan Pal
To the Editor: T wrote to
a 36-year-old engineer geolo
gist in Moscow, and he wants
more pen puis. His wife is
also an engineer, works in the
state office. They have a little
girl, Tanja, who will be 7 in
May.
His main hobby is collect
ing cards of art. and art gal
leries. Wonder if there isn't
someone in Jackson county
that would like to help make
new friends and show that
we are not as bad as the news
papers make us sound?
Here is his address, the
state comes first;
U.S.S.R..
Moscow, G. 30ft
B. Filcuskajc 231 fc. T6
L. T. Rosenberg.
Mrs. E. A. Swilzor,
Talent, Ore.
Wracking Yards
To the Editor: Something
else Medford needs:
Some of our men in chain- I
bcr of commerce and county i
commissioners with hack bone
enough to clean up the gar
bage, or some may say wreck
ing yards, on the highways.
I Why worry about a few
i signs along the highways? The
town is going to expand more
1 anil more. They all do some.
Why not put a stop to this
garbage along our highways
now, before they get the best
i of you?
If you have to have them
j on the highways, put them
back a mile or so and make
them put a high fence around
them.
If you would like to see
what 1 am griping about, just
drive out Crater Lake avc.
just past Cotter Butte rd.
E.E.J
(Name on filcl
Medford
' Minority Rights
i To the Editor: In iew of
existing knowledge regarding
I evils of polluted air and the
current emphasis on measures
; to prevent it. State Sen. Wal
ter Pearson's continued op
! position to the ban on smok
j ing on buses in Oregon ap
pears both stupid and Irre
sponsible. Many non-smokers
I are compelled by circum-
I stances to ride buses in Ore-
gon, and even thougli. in some
instances, thev may constitute; Mr. Arnold Jenny in another
a minority, still they have an letter to the editor, the adver
inalienabie right to air to Using for the city should be
breathe instead of concentrat- concentrated in two areas, one
cd, second hand nicotine ! on each side of the city, to
fumes. acquaint the people with the
.t the moment, my feeling ( services available These areas
on this Question is consider-' should be along the Freeway.
MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON
ably heightened by virtue of
the fact that I have just spent
three days in bed with badly
congested sinuses and throat
complications - a direct re
sult of' 10 hours on a Grey
hound bus returning from
California, during all of which
the vehicle's interior was
thick and blue with cigarette
smoke.
Mr. Pearson, who, I hasten
to point out with thankful
ness, is no relative of mine,
completely overlooks the fact
so ably stated by Thomas
Jefferson, that in a democ
racy "the minority posses
their equal rights which equal
laws must protect, and to vio
late which would be op
pression . . . ."
Grace N. Pearson
Route 2, Box 50
Jacksonville. Ore.
Time of Troubles
To the Editor: Why is it,
when a man is out of a job,
that all the trouble comes his
way?
Traffic tickets that have to
be paid, even if your family
goes hungry, creditors that
have to have their money,
even if you don't have it.
They say they will attach
your wages, which, if you did
have a job, would cause you
to lose it.
Ilicy say Governor Hatfield
has a rough job. Well I'd like
to trade places with him. At
least he can pay his bills. He
seems to think Oregon is
doing so well, he should go to
the state employment office
and see all the men out ol
work.
Maybe I am complaining a
lot. but if someone would give
mo a job or find me one. may
be I wouldn't have to. Maybe
Hatfield knows of a job?
C. L. Millard
Box 167
Talent, Ore.
No Eaiy Solution
To the Editor: The problem
nf advertising signs along the
Freeway through Medford has
no easy solution. The time
of prc-Frceway days is gone
and any solution which is
reached will, I bcieve, be in
the best interests of all if old
traditions are discarded and
a different approach is tried.
A little calculation might
be enlightening. If people can
travel on the Freeway as far
in two days as they did in
; three days on the old high
j way, apart from gasoline
sales, the business which they
; give to the points between
! those two day's travel will be
decreased by one-third. The
drop in that business will nor
mally, in time, be replaced by
an increase in local business
i and by greater travel along
i the Freeway, not by increased
advertising.
The history of our conquest
of the "wilderness'' contains
many accounts of the despoil
ing and destruction of the
beauty of the countryside. The
business sections of our cities
have become mazes of build
ings and paved streets in
which little ol natural beauty
remains
The destruction and dis
regard of natural beauty in
our cities is necessary only if
men accept it as necessary,
and fail to March for better
ways of building their cities
and selling their merchandise
and their services.
Medford has a rare oppor
tunity to break away from
the traditional practices and
chart another course. I would
hke to suggest an outline for
such a course.
First, as was suggested by
France's Economy Faces Paralysis Unless
Month-Old Coal Strike Is Settled Soon
By JOSEPH W. GRIGG
Uniled Press International
Paris -0Pt- France's boom
ing economy faces creeping
paralysis unless the month-old
strike is settled soon.
Dwindling coal stockpiles
lower than normal after the
coldest winter in more than
8m years - already have forced
some factories to close and
others to slash production.
In the Day's News
By FRANK JENKINS
From London:
Queen Elizabeth II came
home from Australia after a
Commonwealth tour that
raised undercurrents of doubt
about the value of parading
royalty in distant domains.
Behind the loyal greetings
lurked a realization that the
six-week royal tour of Fiji,
New Zealand and Australia
had scarcely proved the re
sounding success that might
have been anticipated. Cor
respondents covering the
tour reported the welcome in
parts of Australia was less
than 100 per cent enthusias
tic. The London Times, in an
editorial, suggested that this
kind of royal tour might have
outlived its day.
Q
UESTION:
If Queen Elizabeth's lour
wasn't the rousing success it
should have been in order
to justify the rather large
sum of money it cost the tax
payers of a Britain that isn't
too flush in these, WHY
wasn't it.
A CORRESPONDENT of the
Manchester Guardian, one
of the greats of British news
papcrdom, offers this possible
explanation:
"If the Queen were truly
an cxtravcrt, rollicking and
glamorous, yet a slightly mys-
tcrious woman who tried to j
live up to her publicity build-1
up, perhaps this visit would)
have hecn different. !
"But she is not an extro
vert. Her own response to bis
cheering crowds when they
were near was part of the
reason for the dying of en
thusiasm." H
mnimmmmmm
Maybe Britain's Elizabctli
should take some lessons from
our Jacqueline.
F
ROM Toronto:
Canadian Prime Minister
Dicfenbaker, in a political ad
dress, warned his audience
that an OVERPOWERFUL
press (he doesn't think much
of the press) could be danger
ous. He said:
"If we ever arrive at a
point where two or three
powerful newspapers control
the thinking of Canadians,
then the people's rights will
be at an end."
JETS put it this way:
If Canadians ever reach
the point where two or three
newspapers CAN c o n t r ol
their thinking, Canada will
indeed be a goner. The only
way the people can remain
free is to DO THEIR OWN
THINKING.
jROM Nice, on the French
Riviera:
There is little doubt that
a solution could be worked
out if the City Council were
to prepare and present a com
prehensive plan of advertis
ing and of city improvement.
Second, a master plan for
the cleanup and beautifica
tion of the city should be de
vised. The suggestion from
individuals and organizations
interested in the fulfillment of
such a plan should be soli-
i cited.
A large part of the labor
! could be supplied by people
who are being supported by
' public funds, and others who
j might be serving a sentence
for infraction of the laws.
Third, advertise our city to
j the traveler as a place where
! prices are right, where service
i is given gladly and courteous-;
I ly, where we are interested
in his welfare, and where he!
can see beauty and loveliness'
; created by the efforts of a
i Community riedtcatcd to a bet-1
; ter life.
Clarence L- Miller.
3200 Run! way.
Medford
Proper Perspective
To the Editor: You've been
identified as the writer of a
piece about the -0 Miracle
Miles which appears in a re
printing in the March 2S is
sue of the North Lincoln
Ncw-Guard
I just want to say it's a
swell summation and you've
laid things down in proper
perspective. Well done.
Echo Smith
Box 373.
Oceanlake, Ore
Wordless Tug
To the Editor: There is ever
a wordless tug at the heart
Officials warned that pro
I longation of the stoppage for
another ween or 10 days
would result in widespread
shutdown of plants and would
throw hundreds of thousands
of workers out of jobs
The nationalized electricity
and gas industries hitherto
have kept operating on their
coal stockpiles, helped out by
a trickle of imported coal.
" '
King Saud of Saudi Arabia
is reported to be seriously
ill. Reliable sources reported
that there is no immediate
fear for the 61-ycar-old mon -
arch's life, but add that his
troubles are complicated by
a disinclination to follow doc
tor's advice.
rFHERE just MIGHT be an-
other reason.
After the crash of his plane
the other day tthe occupants
had previously left it. you
will remember) the Nice dis
patches reported:
inc ou wives ana concu-i
hums nf Kins R&llfi. armwl
with 30 checkbooks, headed
for the swank shops of this
Riviera resort city to replace
some of the clothes lost in
the crash of the Saud's priv
ate plane."
His troubles ARE INDEED
complicated.
Moldy Books for
Molding Minds
By Arthur Hoppe
Molding the little minds of
our little children sure causes
lroubl(, Now Ws our fa
. , .
versial schooioooks. Again,
Parents say they're lousy. As
usual. I think this is because
no little child has ever ac
quired the vast knowledge his
brilliant little mind is capa
ble of acquiring. According to
his parents.
So the Right Wing has lots
of support in its fight against
our present system whereby
the State selects our lousy
schoolbooks. It wants local
school boards to select our
lousy schoolbooks instead. Be
cause, says the Right Wing,
the local school board better
understands local problems.
Like whether this is a repub
lic or a democracy.
,
s
ection by the local
chool board sounds great
j Speaking as a parent, I fig
urc the local garage owner
housewife and Five &. Dime
; manacer con rin t srleri anv
lousier schoolbooks than the
Stale Curriculum Cnmmis.
sion. And it would be very
democratic.
But printing lots of differ
ent lousy schoolbooks to meet
every local theory of little
mina-molding would be ter
ribly expensive. So it's an
awful problem. And the only
solution I see is universal
adoption of the Multiple
Choice Schoolbook Scries.!
Which I just invented. Allow
me to quote from our first
volume: "The Multiple Choice
History of Our Constition."
"Our country is a (repub
lic) (democracy) (tool oi Wall
Street). It was founded in
1776 by (saints) (revolution
aries) ituols of Wall Street).
They wrote a Constitution
which endures todav because
.
for most of us when we sec
young girl, childhood all
gone and womanhood yet to
be. What a transitory briefing
ensues, of "you best do this j
and don't to that.'' The follow-,
ing bit of verse did not make !
the Poet s Corner so is sub
mitted to the humble but so
popular communications that
there might be a message to
young feet taking tentative !
steps into the imponderables
of beginning adulthood.
To Bivnda
Wind-blown and free, your
waxen curl
Wave on wave of pale-gold
whorl
Like heralds of the coming
morn
While yet the sun is still
unborn.
Unfettered yet by love s
demand.
Unhecdful of the houred-sand
That warns you of the coming
day
When family cares will have
their say.
Emblemed hope, stay sweel a?
you arc
j Tho restless feet call you afar.
To greener fields that becken
so
Be stayed awhile, sweet eyes
aglow.
F. J. Clifford
Route 2. Box 200Y
Central Point, Ore.
The electricity industry was
said still to have 850,000 tons
stockpiled but it already has
cut out nearly all exports of
power to neighboring coun
tries. The gas industry had coal
i stockpiled at the beginning of
the strike estimated at rough
ly 25 days normal consump
tion. The government was study
ing plans for rationing elec
tricity and gas to both indus
trial users and homes if the
coal shortage becomes critical.
The government estimated
that the strike so far lias cost
some 4 million tons in lost
1 coa 1 production. That meant
j a ioss 0f roughly S80 million
t0 the national coal board
j Which runs the state-operated
: coai industry,
1 The loss in wages so far to
t lrle 200.000 striking miners
was estimated at roughly S3
million. One bright spot in an
otherwise bleak picture was
the end last week of a paral
lel strike of 3.000 workers in
the state-run natural gas plant j
at Lacq. south of Bordeaux.
The plant produces between j
13 and 14 million cubic me
ters of gas daily, which are
fed through 280,000 miles of
pipelines to industrial centers
throughout the country.
But it was estimated that it
will take several more days
before gas output at Lacq is
back to normal. The natural
gas fields at Lacq produce
roughly one-half of the na
tion's entire gas supply.
Although the full impact of
(it is divine revelation)
Ul
works well) (everybody is a
tool of Wall Street).
The purpose of our Consti
tut
tion (is) (is not) (sure is
basically (holy) (confusing)
It has been (wrecked) (streng
thened) (who cares?) by
amendments such as that au
thorizing the Income Tax,
which is a (Communist plot
(nuisance) (capitalist plot) to
soak (the rich) (everybody)
(the poor). This shows our
leaders have always been
(tools of the Kremlin) (politi
cians) (tools of Wall Street)
and the people are a bunch
of (dupes) (dopes) (dupesi.
"(Conservatism) (individual
thinking) (radicalism) is the
only solution. We have to
(throw off our chans) (think
it over) (throw off our chains).
And thus every American
must (Stand up!) (Sit down!)
(Stand up)."
The great thing about these
Multiple Choice Schoolbooks
is they're designed to please
everybody. Just like the ones
! wc ve ot now- Which don't
' please anybody. Not that I
think our present texts are
lousy because they're contio
versial, Heaven forbid. I think
they're lousy because they
aren't.
The trouble is we confuse I
education with mind molding.
And each faction wants tr
I mold littlp minds in ile nwn
j ---old. So, as a compromise
wC make a standard mold fcr
all little minds. I say let:
give the little minds a Mul
tiple Choice instead. Because
that's the essence of a func
tioning democracy. And any
way, when you mold little
minds they tend to grow up
a little moldy.
Maybe our children would
w ind up thinking pretty much
what we think. But at least
they would've thought about
it. And unless more people
lop and think, I've got the
1 u . 9 7 irz , J -
f" . tp V ll inv-wo1"
uicn in . MdiiaodMtuw.
Check one.
.
"Tht Amaricans have linally laken an interest in
Latin America s problems. I hale lo admit it. but wi
hac, Castro lo thank for it!"
I the prolonged coal stoppaga
was slow in uiiuug me na
tion's economy, it already was
being felt progressively. Fac
tories mostly have kept oper
ating on a hand-to-mouth ba
sis, with many plants helping
out others whose coal stocks
already were exhausted.
Strictly
Personal
By Sydney J. Harris
(e Field Enterprises. Inc.
SEEING FROM WITHIN
What is wrong with thO
"realist" who believes in
''looking at the facts" is his
naive belief
that we get
our percep
tions from the
things around,
us-when, act
ually, the per
ceptions come
from us. In
his book, ,-Ed-ucalion
and
Ham the Nature of
Man,'' published ?. decade
ago. Prof. Earl C Kelley tells
the old Austrian folk-tale of
the three wayfarers stopping;
at noon to rest beneath an oak
tree.
One, looking up through
the branches, said. "What a
fine mast this oak would
make for a ship as I used to
sail upon." A second, who
had been a draper's assistant,
said, "What a fine brown
cloth my master could have
dyed from this fine bark.'
The third, who had spent his
youth as a swineherd, said,
"What fine fat pigs could be
grown from the acorns which
fall from this oak.''
Which of them saw the
"fact" of the oak tree? As
Kelley points out, after re
counting some psychologi
cal experiments at the Han
over Institute, "since the
perception is the usable
reality, and since no two
organism:: 'jan make the
same use of clues or bring
the same experimental
background to bear, no two
of us can see alike. We hav
no common world."
If we truly understand
this, it will make us more
humble, more tentative,
more tolerant, more flex
ible in our opinions and in
our disputes. If, as Kelley
indicates, no two persons
can know the same thing,
and no item of knowledge
can have the same effect on
each of them, then we can
never go from the "facts"
to values about them.
He uses the example of
Abraham Lincoln. It is,
of course, a "fact" that he
lived, that he was Presi
dent, that he was assassin
ated. But, in Kelley's
words, "there are as many
Lincoins as there are learn
ers." He explains whal he
means in these words.
"Lincoln is on thing lo
an Old Guard Republican,
who holds him as a model but
believes little that he be
lieves. He is something else to
the descendents of the slaves
whom he freed. He is still
another person to the South
I crn aristocrat ... To some
i he does not exist at all, and
j to others he is far from what
we hold him to be."
This docs not imply that
we cannot arrive at a co;n
j mon judgment, at basic val
i ue-agrccmcnls It docs sug
gest, however, that such judg-
i mcnts cannot be rooted in
"objective facts," but only
1 in the ways in which we
grasp and combine these
facts with our memory and
; our experience
It is not the hard facts of
the objective world that keep
from working together.
but the hardness of heart that
, makes us think the oak tree
1S onIy for masts, or for
I cloth, or for pigs.