MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGuN
Basuta Born Africans to be Returned to Remote Mountain Area
THURSDAY. MARCH 14. 1963
Editor'i notei In racially
burdened South Africa, a vait
resettlement ei "foreign"
black residents ii in tha plan
ning atage. Thii i the story
of how it ii expected to work
and the impact it will have
on hundreds oi thousands of
black Africans.
By -NEIL SMITH
United Press International
Johannesburg Timothy M
lives in one of the vast
sprawling African townships
on the outskirts of Johannes
burg. He works as a messen
ger in the city and carries
home a weekly pay ol 9 ranas
($12.60) to his wife and two
small children.
' He is cheerful and thor
oughly content with the blus
tering, brittle big city life,
It is the only life he has
known since he arrived in
this golden city during the
war years as a shy child
fresh from his tribal village.
Now it seems the world is
coming to an end for Timothy
and hundreds of thousands of
others like him. Within five
' years, if the recommendations
of a government - appointed
commission on foreign Bantu
are accepted, he could find
himself and his family forci.
bly returned to the remote
Two-Skirt Outfit
mountain valley where he
grew up so many years ago.
For Timothy, although ne
looks and speaks just like
any other Johannesburg-bred
African, is a foreigner. He
is a Basuto, born in Basuto
land, the overcrowded button
of British territory in the
heart of South Africa's moun
tain spine. His father had
worked in the Witwatersrand
gold mines in the 1930's and
gained a taste for the neon
lit glass and chromium life
of Johannesburg. When war
broke out he returned to Jo
hannesburg to seek work in
the newly booming factories..
A few years later his wife
and children crossed the un
fenced, largely unpoliced fron
tier between Basutoland and
South Africa and joined him.
Timothy would never re
turn to Basutoland volun
tarily. His homeland is poor
and under-developed. Unless
he became a peasant farmer
scratching out a living from
the infertile mountain soil, he
probably would remain unem
ployed. When the axe falls Timothy
will be only one of a vast
company. Estimates of the
number of foreign Africans In
the republic run from 830,000
to more than 1 million from
various areas.
Some of them have lived
in South Africa for up to
40 years; many have-married
local African women and car
ry the full range of South
African identification docu
ments.
Faw to Remain
But the commission is ada
mant. Only those required
urgently to balance the coun
try's economy will be allow-
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ACTION OUESTIONED Assistant Defense Secretary Arthur
Sylvester, right, is shown with members of the Senate In
vestigations subcommittee In Washington prior to his ap
pearance before the group. Sylvester was called before the
subcommittee to explain why he questioned the fairness of Its 1
nearmgs on the disputed TFX warplane contract. From left,
they are Sens. Karl Mundt (R-S.D ). John McCcllan (D-Ark ),
chairman; Edmund Muskle (D-. Maine) and Sylvester. tUPI)
ed to remain. This will in
clude the 312,000 foreign Afri
cans working in the mines
and a much smaller number
employed as agricultural la
borers in border areas.
Men such as Timothy face
a bleak future. The commis
sion sets a five-year target
for repatriation. Women and
children dependents of foreign
Africans will be the first to
be deported. They will be fol
lowed by the unemployed
and, finally, by all foreign
blacks holding jobs that can
be filled by local non-whites.
I If the commission's recom
mendations are adopted, and
i political observers believe
there is little doubt they will
be, Timothy will be allowed
to remain in South Africa
only as long as he holds his
present job. The moment he
loses it he will be classified
as unemployed and deported.
Detention Camps
Detention camps will be'
opened at various points along
the country's frontiers. Any
African caught trying to
sneak into the country to look
for work will be punished by
being sent to one of these
camps.
Considering South Africa's
reputation in the field of race
relations, these measures to
keep out eager would-be black
immigrants seem incredible.
One may well ask what
stubborn impulse has beckon
ed 1 million people from ail
! parts of the .continent to the
one African state that is an
anathema to all black nation
alists. The answer is simple. -South
Africa may offer pin
pricks and humiliations ga-
I lore fo the race-proud Africa,
but it also offers the highest
paid and greatest variety of
jobs, as well as the most
sophisticated urban life in
Africa. Over the years, eco
nomic lures have outweighed
political and personal disad
vantages. ' Any mass removal of for
eign Africans from the re
public will send ripples of ap
prehension far to the north.
Basutoland, already hard
pressed to provide employ
ment for its 900,000 inhabit
ants, the. addition of more
than 350,000 able-bodied men,
women and children could
prove a major catastrophe
leading to mass misery and
hunger.
Immigrants Costly
The government commis
sion emphasized the financial
aspect of South Africa's 1 mil
lion unofficial black settlers.
According to the report the
illegal immigrants cost, the
government more than 4 mil
lion rands ($3.6 million) a
year in educational, medical
services and pensions.
But apart from the obvi
ous financial arguments in
favor of the mass deportation
of unwanted blacks, there are
other unstated, political rea
sons. As African nationalism
eliminates the last vestiges
of the colonial era in Africa,
the republic will find that
more and more of its huge
foreign black population are
citizens of independent black
states bitterly hostile to any
South African government
dedicated to white supremacy.
Stronger Pressures
Foreign Africans in South
Africa will be subject to niore
and stronger anti-South Afri
can pressure from their home
lands. In sending them all
back from where they came
South Africa is not only sav
ing a few million rand. It is
also eliminating a potentially
dangerous fifth column in the
midst of its own restless black
population.
Timothy "A. doesn't think
of himself as a threat to any.
one. The big picture eludes
him. He is just worried about
Timothy M. and the family
he loves and works for.r-r.
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