v
MEDFOHD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON
TUt-SDAY, ttahUAHY 26. I9b3
Violent Crimes Increase 40 Per Cent in Five Years in Washington, D.C.
(Editor'j note: Washing
ion. D.C it city in trou
ble. This is the second oi
three dispatches reporting
on the "very bad situation"
which President Kennedy
says exists in the nation's
capital. It deals with Wash
ington's rising crime rate.)
By LOUIS CASSELS
United Press International
Wash in ton -(UPU- Mrs.
Brooks Hays is a gentle, pe
tite, 65-year-old lady. She
lives in a nice home on Capi
tol Hill. Her husband works
at the White House as a social
assistant to President Ken
nedy. In the late afternoon of
Jan. 21, Mrs. Hays was sewing
in an upstairs bedroom. She
looked up and saw a young
Negro standing in her door
way. Before she could scream
for help, he grabbed a pair
of scissors from her hand
with a rough gesture that
broke her wrist.
Give me
I'll kill you,
some money or
" he said.
She gave him some church
envelopes, containing about
$12, that were lying on her
dresser. He fled from the
house.
Because her husband is a
prominent man, Mrs. Hays'
experience was reported in
newspapers all over the coun
try. But it was not an unusual
experience for a resident of
the nation's capital.
Last year in the District of
Columbia there were an aver
age of 16 housebreakings, 8
aggravated assaults, 7 auto
thefts and 6 robberies every
24 hours. There were 2 homi
cides each week, and a rape
every three days.
Small Comfort
It is small comfort to Dis
trict residents to point out
that Washington's over all
crime rate is surpassed by
that of New York, Chicago,
Los Angeles, St. Louis, De
troit and several other major
cities, according to the FBI's
uniform crime reports.
The fact that weighs most
heavily with Washingtonians
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is that they are no longer
safe walking the streets at
night, or even silting in the
privacy of their own bed
rooms within the shadow of
the Capitol dome.
The rising incidence of vio
lent crimes up more than 40
per cent in the past five years
has contributed to the racial
tensions in Washington. White
residents are inclined to
blame the whole crime prob
lem on Negroes, who now
constitute a majority (54 per
cent) of the District of Colum
bia's population. They cite po
lice reports showing that Ne
groes are involved in about
85 per cent of the felony
arrests here.
Less often cited by nervous
whites is the equally true fact
that a disproportionate num
ber of the victims of crime -
the women who are raped, the
cab-drivers who are slugged,
the homeowners who are
robbed - also are Negroes.
Crime flourishe. in slums,
and Washington's inner city
slums are populated mainly
by Negroes.
One of Best
There is fairly general
agreement that Washington's
crime problem cannot be
: blamed on an inadequate or
i corrupt police ' department.
Congress, which has held a
j tight purse-string on expendi
' tures for many other public
services, has been very gen
erous about providing Police
Chief Robert V. Murray with
as many men, dog teams,
i squad cars and other facili
ties as he asks. Walter N.
Tobriner, president of the
District of Columbia Board
of Commissioners, says the
Washington metropolitan po
lice department is "one of
the best and cleanest in the
country." This appraisal is
, privately endorsed by high
j FBI officials who live and
work here.
Although he has no com
plaints about money and man
, power, Chief Murray said in
an interview he does believe
that law enforcement in the
District of Columbia has been
"greatly hamstrung" by court
rulings.
j Under Federal Courts
I He pointed out that crimes
which elsewhere would be
prosecuted in state courts
come in Washington under
the jurisdiction of federal
courts. In 1957, the U.S. Su
preme Court laid down what
is now known as the "Mai
lory Rule." It forbids the use
as evidence of any confession
or other information which
police may obtain by ques
tioning a suspect held unduly
long before he is formally
arraigned before a magistrate
and advised of his constitu
tional rights not to talk.
"No other police depart
ment in the country has to
operate under such a severe
restriction on its methods of
interrogation," Murray said.
"Criminals here are well
aware of the protection af
forded to them by this rule,
and they have been taking
full advantage of it."
He displayed a chart show
ing that the cr' e rate here
has risen steadily since the
Mallory rule was laid down
in 1957.
Several prominent fede.al
judges agree with Murray's
attitude toward the Malloty
rule. Judge Alexander Holt
zoff, for example, has testi
fied before congressional com
mittees that the rule "unnec
essarily blocks the work of
the police and at times leads
to acquitting the guilty."
Defenders of the Mallory
Rule - and they include a
majority of the judges on the
U.S. Court of Appeals here
as well as the justices of the
Supreme Court - contend that
it is a necessary safeguard
against third-degree methods
and extorted confessions.
They also assert that the po
lice could learn to live with
the rule by questioning sus
pects "voluntarily" before ar
rest or after arraignment, If
they tried.
Seeks New Law
Chairman John L. McMil
lan (D-S.C), of the House Dis
trict of Columbia Committee,
has been trying for years to
push through legislation to
modify the Mallory Rule by
giving police the right to
question suspects for up to six
hours without placing formal
charges. The McMillan bill
has twice been passed by the
House, but each lime has died
in the Senate.
't his month, McMillan call
ed in Senate leaders. District
government officials, police
and court representatives to
discuss the crime situation
here, and to seek agreement
on legislative remedies. Chief
Murray appealed for passage
of McMillan's bill. But the
District of Columbia commis
sioners - the three-man body
appointed by the President
to oversee Washington's mu
nicipal affairs - backed an
other bill, which would re
quire police to g" before a
judge and show probab';
cause before holding a sus
pect for questioning and in
vestigation. Urge Other Measures
The District commissioners
also urged Congress to fight
crime by restricting purchase
and ownership of firearms,
tightening anti-loitcring laws
for juveniles, organizing a
Civilian Conservation Corps
fur high school dropouts and
other jobless youths, provid
ing unskilled jobs on city
projects for unemployed
adults, and setting up "urban
ization schools" for people
newly transplanted to the city
from the rural South.
What remedies for crime
Congress will enact remains
to be seen. The one sure thing
is that the residents of the
city will have no say in the
matter. The decision will be
made by congressmen who
are elected by and responsive
to citizens in every part of.
America except the District
of Columbia itself.
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The Family Council
Kdltor'i note: The Family Council conslslf of a judge. a
phvi-hiatrist, three clercynien, three editors end a women's editor.
Fach arUcle Is a summary of a family disagreement presented to the
Council. The Council deals with problems, major and minor,
rm-ountered bv guidance counselors and social workers. Edited by
Mrs. Alma Denny. (Copyright by General Features ;orp.)
Genevieve R. - He can't
seem to find himself after re
tirement. Jerome R. - I feel 1 i k e a
used car nobody wants to buy.
...
Genevieve R. - My husband
was a sea captain. Every job
he ever held was on a boat or
ship. As a boy he i sed to do
odd jobs on fishing trawl
ers. Then he stuck to sailor
ing until he got his seaman
papers. After that he rose to
commanding cargo freighters
for shipping companies.
But now he's over age and
has been retired. There's no
dire financial problem. May
be he'd be better off if there
wore, He'd have to get busy
with something. He doesn't
want to travel any more. So
he' just sits by the radio doing
crossword puzzles, or dozes in
front of TV. I'd like to help
him get out of this daze, but
he says it's no use.
Jerome R. - The first few
months of my retirement
weren't bad. My wife and I
got into our car and drove
here and there all over the
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U.S.A., like the landlubbers
do. We even took one of those
bus tours to California, and
some train trips to Canada.
But I know that in the end
I must stay put, in one place.
And since all I know how to
do is run a ship, there's not
much for me to busy myself
with when I'm aground.
What's the use of my forcing
myself on others when they're
busy with their own interests
and I have nothing in common
with them?
I'm like the used car lefl
over in the lot, or the fish
out of water. It s the end of
the run.
The Council: Retirement in
the prime of life is so recent
a phenomenon in our society
that we haven't had time to
come to grips with making
the best use of it. A genera
tion hence, we'll bet, there'll
be Transition Centers (what
ever the name may be) where
decompression" takes place.
That is, the work horse who
has put in his 8-hour day for
forty years or so, will be pre
pared for the slower pace, the
freer choice of the retirement
period.
So let's just say thai Je
rome was born loo soon for
the directional signs lo be up
and awaiting him. A do-it-yourself
job is in order. And
Genevieve's role is to encou
rage Jerome to try one little
tiling, take one small step out
of his blue funk of despair.
For never was il more true
that one thing leads to
another when the one thing
is a reaching out to serve a
fellowman.
What can Jerome offer?
Well, he certainly didn't
spend nis lite in a vacuum.
He can visit veterans' hospi
tals and swap yarns. He can
talk to stamp and coin clubs,
telling them of his visits to
the places they know nnlv
from their atlases and
albums.
If he is a literate man he
can offer to help school kids
with their reading. What fun
to ask him to bound Alaska
or name the Dodecanese Is
lands! Older children, per ar
rangement with the P.T.A.,
can bring their tough geog
raphy homework to him.
And If his lack of school
ing makes this line of endea
vor impossible, how about
sorting mail in a hospital,
running errands and acting as
messenger in a home for the
aged? Also, the want ads
shout encouragement. We
read one which asked for
"teen-agers or retirees" lo act
as guides in a mucsum.
All depends upon Jerome's
admission that even an old
sea dog can learn new tricks.
Perhaps it will take a guid
ance counselor to eke that ad
mission out of him. Or he
may meet a living example of
same, like the retired iron
worker we know who is now
a dextrous hairdresser, turn
ing out fluffy delicate coiffures.
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Husband-Wife
Teams to Lunch
Salem - (OPH - The nation's
only husband-wife legislative
teams will he honored nt a
dinner in Olympla, Wash.,
next week end.
Sen. Ben Musa and Rep.
Mrs. Musa (D-The Dalles)
represent the districts on Ore
gon side of the Columbia river
opposite the districts repre
sented in the Washington
legislature by Sen. Al Henry
and Rep. Mrs. Henry (D
Whlte Salmon).
Musa said he and his wife
would visit the Washington
legislature Saturday "to see
how they do things."
House Speaker Clarence
Barton (D-Coquille) and Rep.
Ltfosa Morgan D-Greham
tuned the wasningion legis
lature Saturday.
tho magnificent
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