MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MtUFORD, OREGON
TUESDAY. FEBRUARY 19. 1963
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CROWD ATTENDS - Polly Pacific, Mrs. Bev Lyons, dem-,
onstrated beef preperation at the recent beef cooking school r, , f C I f I
sponsored by Pacific Power and Light company and the I 3P C ppH NfllPC
Jackson County CowBelles. Approximately 200 men and JIQIG J JCvU JQICj
women attended. Theme was "Around the World with an
Oregon beef potroast."
GARDENING TIPS
By JOHN W. McLOUGHLIN
County Extension Agent
Peach Spray
Home orchardists should ap
ply a dormant spray for the
control of peach leaf curl and
coryneum blight by March 1.
Both of these diseases over
winter on the twigs of the in
fected tree.
The leaf curl disease causes
the leaves to curl, pucker and
discolor in early spring. The
blight disease causes small
round, tan to purplish spots
In the leaves. These spots of
ten fall out and produce a
shot hole effect.
Tree Farm Tour
Said Successful
Approximately 20 persons
including farmers, loggers and
interested citizens attended
the day-long tree farm tour
Saturday sponsored by the
Jackson county extension
service and the state depart
ment of forestry headquarters
in Medford.
At Butte Falls, the U.S.
Forest Service demonstrated
thinning and pruning prac
tices and showed pre-com-mcrcial
stands of timber in
the Cat hill area. There brush
had been cleared and trees
planted.
During a lunch stop in
Shady Cove, Dick Olson, state
farm forester for this area
showed slides of Christmas
tree culture.
A stop at the Ed Tepper
place at Shady Cove showed
how forestry seed is pro
cessed. The group made its final
stop at Bog Sage's Christmas
tree plantation near the Table
Rock school.
HE "PUT IT OFF!"
&
FREE HAIR CLINIC
See Page 2A
Leaf curl also attacks nec
tarine and apricots. Coryneum
blight also attacks apricots,
almonds and to a lesser ex
tent, cherries and prunes.
A spray mixture contain
ing two heaping tablespoons
of neutral copper and one
third pint of dormant oil per
gallon of water is recommend
ed. Complete coverage is re
quired for good control.
The dormant oil in this
spray will help control scale,
aphis and mites.
European Elm Scale
What was the condition of
your elm tree last year? If it
looked sick and the walks or
garden furniture under it
were sticky, there is a good
possibility your tree was in
fested with the European elm
scale.
This scale is about one
fourth inch long, oval in
shape, reddish brown in color
and has a white cottony fringe
around the edge of its body.
Masses of these scales are usu
ally evident on the underside
of an infected tree in midsummer.
For best control of this
scale, spray now with a 4
per cent dormant oil spray.
Control during the summer
months consists of spraying
with malathion at the rate of
one tablespoon of the 57 per
cent emulsion per gallon of
water. Two applications at
two week intervals may be
necessary for heavy infesta
tions during the summer.
Berry Spray
Spray should be applied be
fore the end of the month to
control the leaf and cane spot
disease. This fungus affects
trailing blackberries such as
loganberry, youngberry, boy
senberry, wild dewberry and
cultivated selections of trail
ing blackberries.
This first of two sprays
should be applied between
November and February.
The second spray is applied
when the shoots are two
inches long. Use one quart of
liquid lime sulphur or one
half pound of polysulphide to
three gallons of water.
Production expenses of U.S.
farmers in 1960 were 26.4
billion dollars nearly four
times as much as in 1940.
SAMPLE BEEF - Mrs. William Bigham, Eagle Point, and
Mrs. Leon Offenbacher, Applegate, officers of the Jackson
County CowBelles, sampled some beef prepared at the recent
beef cookery school, co-sponsored by the CowBelles and the
Pacific Power and Light company in the extension service
auditorium.
To Europe Depend,
On Quality Need
Corvallis - Because Euro
pean countries are especially
conscious of the variety and
purity of grass and legume
seeds they buy, Oregon grow
ers hoping to sell to the Euro
pean Common Market must
be able to supply quality seeds
guaranteed to be variety true,
according to Dr. J. Ritchie
Cowan, head of farm crops at
Oregon State university.
While the export business
in grass and legume seeds is
not large compared to exports
of some commodities, it does
provide a significant outlet
for U. S. grass and legume
seed production. Last year it
amounted to almost $11 mil
lion. Cowan, who visited Greece,
which receives Rogue Valley
seed and Western Europe last
spring, says he frequently is
asked if European countries
are interested in American
varieties. He says they are
under at least three circum
stances: When they are short of seed
of their own varieties.
In years when weather dur
ing harvest curtails their seed
production. (Oregon's weather
is more generally favorable
for seed production than is
most of Europe's weather).
When rapidly growing pop
ulation forces European coun
tries to devote their agricul
tural acres to production of
crops for food and feed for
livestock rather than seed.
Alternatives
As an alternative to buying
American varieties, some
European countries have va
rieties developed by their
plant breeders increased in
the U. S. Cowan predicts more
of this type of seed export
business with Europe.
For the past eight years,
Oregon has supplied Greece
with the Talent variety of al
falfa. However, Cowan says
he expects Greece's use of
this variety to be replaced in
the future by one of that
country's own varieties as
their breeding programs yield
new and better adapted va
rieties. He says more research
needs to be done in determ
ining whether varieties of
many forage crops can be de
veloped in one area and mul
tiplied in another without any
major change in genetic composition.
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Soviet Engineers
Arrive in Havana
Miami, Fla. - IUPI) - Four So
viet naval engineers have ar
rived in Cuba to oversee the
construction of Russia's "fish
ing port" on Havana Bay,
Radio Havana reported Mon
day night.
Plans for the port's con
struction were announced be
fore the Cuban crisis last fall.
Refugee sources said it prob
ably would be used as a base
for Soviet submarines.
Building the Rogue Valley
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Leaf Culler Bee
Propagation Told
By County Agent
By BERT G. WILCOX
County Extension Agent
"Propagation of the Leaf
Cutter Bee for Alfalfa Seed
Production" is the title of Ag
ricultural Experiment Station
Bulletin 586, recently re
leased from Oregon State
university in Corvallis.
The leaf-cutter bee has
proved a valuable alfalfa pol
linator in the Northwest
where it appears to prefer
alfalfa to most other crops.
Spring emergence of over
wintering bees can be con
trolled permitting a grower to
correlate bee' emergence with
peak alfalfa bloom.
Leaf-cutter bees have been
observed constructing nests
in a wide variety of situa
tions. They prefer to use nest
ing holes that closely approxi
mate their own size. Nests
have been taken from nail
holes, hollow rubber and
metal tubing, stems of pithy
plants from which pith has
been removed, cracks in
boards, under and between
shingles on sides of buildings.
Man-made nests can be built
from milk straws of various
sizes, or from corrugated
cardboard, and boards in
which holes have been bored.
Adults emerge in opposite
sequence to that in which they
were laid in each testing tube.
The bee in the last cell
formed in any tunnel is first
to emerge. The second last
egg to have been laid yields
the second bee, and so on to
the bottom of the tube.
Under optimal conditions
where the nesting site is par
tially exposed to sun, there
are two generations per year.
However, when nests are lo
cated in a shaded place where
temperatures remain cool, the
species will have only one
generation.
Adult activity tapers off
rapidly toward the end of Au
gust, but the second genera
tion will continue into early
October.
Flight range of the adult fe
male is limited where there is
an excessive amount of forage
available. When alfalfa is in
peak bloom, it is doubtful
that even in the most popu
lous resting site females will
range further than 250 yards.
Because of the limited
range of this species, it is ne
cessary to set nesting sites
about the edge and possibly
throughout fields. Shortly be
fore bee emergence, domi
ciles containing overwinter
ing larvae should be placed
in their permanent site, and
five to 10 times the number
of occupied nesting tunnels
provided for expansion.
The leaf-cutter bee is ex
tremely susceptible to most
insecticides used in control of
alfalfa insect pests. Of the
common materials used for
lygus control in the Pacific
Northwest, DDT and Toxa
phene have given the least
mortality if applied at the
right time.
Since relatively little is
known at tiiis time about the
toxicity of various chemicals
to this species, the grower is
cautioned against the exten
sive application of materials
that have not as yet been
tested.
For more detailed informa
tion on the leaf-cutter bee,
contact the County Extension
office.
Boston -il'PIt- Thieves dou
bled the indignities for the
law. They broke into the Suf
folk county courthouse Mon
day and stole S350 from a
safe in the probation department.
West Berlin Vote
Said Significant
Washington - (UFI) - The
State Department Monday
called the West Berlin mu
niciple election results an
overwhelming vote of free
dom" against the Commu
nists.
State Department press of
ficer Lincoln White said "We
think particularly significant
the overwhelming vote of
freedom demonstrated by the
fact that the socalled Social
ist Unity, or Communist par
ty, dropped from 1.9 per cent
four years ago to a negligible
1.3 per cent Monday."
Variety of Bills
Affect Farming
Salem - To keep interested
persons abreast any legisla
tion which involves the state
department of agriculture, Di
rector J. F. Short calls atten
tion to bills introduced and
which are not department
sponsored bills.
Previously he announced
the housekeeping measures
which the department itself
required by introduced.
Bills not sponsored by the
department but bearing upon
its programs introduced
through January 31 follow:
HB 1082 which would ex
tend until July 1, 1965 author
ity to the department to con
duct an experimental brand
inspection program to supple
ment the present law. (First
hearing on this, held Jan. 31,
brought approval from the
Oregon Cattlemen's associa
tion, the livestock advisory
committee, the Gilliam coun
ty stockgrowers association
and opposition from the
Wheeler county stockgrowers
association and individual
stockgrowers from Wheeler
county.)
HB 1096 would require wild
animal trappers to check their
traps every 24 hours. This
would have a bearing upon
the predatory animal pro
gram conducted throughout
the state cooperatively by the
federal, state and county governments.
HB 1110 would close
secondary highway 270 (Lake
of Woods) to livestock from
west of Klamath Falls to the
Jackson county line,
HB 1133, the cooperative
bargaining bill, would estab
lish the right of producers
of all agricultural products,
except milk, timber and tim
ber products, to engage in co
operative bargaining. The bill
outlines unfair trade prac
tices, provides penalties for
violation and triple damages
up to $5000 to injured pro
ducers. Administration would
be in the SDA.
HB 1153, requested by the
Oregon State Beekeepers as
sociation, would permit the
department to seize bees un
der certain conditions and
would otherwise strengthen
the state apiary law.
HB 1159. introduced at the
request of the Oregon Forest
Protective Association, the
Northwest Forest Pest Action
Council and the Oregon Nur
serymen's association, would
appropriate $21,500 to the
SDA for indemnities to com
mercial and private owners
whose pines were destroyed
in the pine shoot moth control
program the past biennium.
HB 1195 is a humane
slaughter bill with a Janu
ary 1, 1964, effective date.
This is somewhat similar to
the general law enacted in
1961 but would place admin
istration in the state depart
ment of agriculture.
Citizens who wish to see
copies of bills should contact
or write to their representa
tives or senators. They should
watch communication media
for dates of hearings before
legislative committees, or ask
their legislators to advise
them.
Grass Growth Gauge Suggested
Corvallis - If cattle could
read, it wonlH hp pasv tnw a
rancher to measure how much
his range grass grows each
year.
He could simDlv Dnst "kppn
off the grass" signs in cer
tain areas, and then compare
growth in these nnsturi nn.
grazed areas with growth in
grazed areas.
But since cattle can't read
and couldn't be expected to
obey the signs, Dillard H.
Gates, Oregon State Univers
ity extension ranee manner.
ment specialist, suggests the
following way to gauge grass
growtn.
Fence and Compare
Fence off a small portion
of the range from erarine
livestock. Then compare the
amount of grass inside the
gauge to that outside to see
at a glance how much forage
has been produced and how
much has been eaten.
Gates mentioned that even
ranchers who see their grass
every day may be surprised
by what they see In such a
grass gauge.
He recommends construct
ing a grass gauge of heavy
woven wire or concrete rein
forcing mesh. He says it can
be made simply by setting
four posts into the ernnnrl
where the gauge is to be lo
cated and stretching woven
wire around them.
The gauge should be moved
each year so the current
year's growth is not affected
by the past year's non-use.
Cattle Rustling
Case Now Closed
Salem - One of the largest
cattle rustling cases in the 31.
year annals of the state de.
partment of agriculture live
stock theft investigations was
closed Dec. 20 when Melvilla
Derrick Kelley, Prairie City,
entered the state penitentiary.
The day before he pleaded
guilty to two counts of live.
stock larceny and was sen
tenced by Circuit Judge Ed
ward H. Howell, Canyon City,
to two 8-year concurrent
terms in prison.
Kelley, 39, admitted steal
ing 213 head of cattle from
three neighboring ranches
since Aug. 1, 1961. Strangely
enough, none of the owners
had reported the animals
missing, as far as department
records show.
Cut sudangrass for hay
from heading to early bloom
stage, forage experts advise.
Any crop that can be made
into hay can also be made
into silage.
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