8 D
(Editor's note: Japtn ind
Korea r i.paraLd by
little mora than 100 miles
to open tea, but thay hava
hated ona another lot cen
turies. Wow. thay appear to
be eloie to fettling their
difference!. In the follow
ing dispatch, a UPI corres
pondent who hat lived for
several yean in both Korea
and Japan, reviews the pait
and forecast! the future of
these t w o neighboring
Aiian nations.)
By CHARLES R. SMITH
United Press International
Tokyo - (UPI) - Getting the
Japanese and Koreans to sit
down and talk reasonably is
about as difficult as getting
the Hatfields and McCoys to
have a quiet dinner together,
Like a mountain parson
nlayine go - between, Uncle
Sam has been trying to keep
them talking instead of fight
ing for more than a decade.
They have sat down to talk
many times, but have seldom
talked reasonably. The talks
usually broke off with miter
words and nothing accom
plished. . Sometimes they
were farther apart after a
face-to-face meeting than they
were before.
Today, however, it appears
that the patient and prudent
prodding of the United States
is paying off.
Japan and the Republic of
Korea (ROK) are on the verge
of wiping out a heritage of
haired and restoring normal
relations for the first time in
more than half a century.
U.S. Deserving
. The leaders of the two
neighboring nations can con
gratulate themselves it they
really do succeed in settling
their differences after 36
years of Japanese colonial
rule and 17 years of postwar
diplomatic estrangement.
But the United Slates de
serves a pat on the back, loo.
After a series of six con
ferences dating back to the
days of the Allied occupation
of Japan after World War II,
the Koreans and Japanese
finally have reached agree
ment on one major issue -Korea's
claims against the
Japanese.
They still face other thorny
problems rooted in the long
Japanese colonial rule, and a
side dispute over a pile of
useless rocks in the Japan
sea.
The other issues involved
the question of fishing waters
and the so-called "Rhce Line"
(the Korean call it the peace
line); the slalus of about 600,
000 Korean residents in
Japan and their descendants,
and the establishment of a
Japanese diplomatic mission
to Korea.
Side Dispute
The side dispute - not In
volved in the formal talks but
likely to trouble them - is
over tiny Takcshima Island
- (the Koreans call it Tokto),
an almost uninhabitable pile
of rocks. The Koreans control
the island by virtue of about
two dozen troops they keep
stationed there.
Of Hie Issues remaining, the
most troublesome concerns
fisheries and the Rhce linn.
In a way, the United Stales
bears some responsibility for
the Rhee line. It grew out of
the so - called "MacArthur
line," which marked the
limits of Japanese fishing ac
tivities during the post-World
War II occupation. When the
peace treaty with Japan went
into force, the MacArthur
line went out of existence.
But the President of Korea
at that time, the Japanese-
THURSDAY, JANUARY 24. 1863
MZDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON
dd cumd Etoireci
hu hum imm,. u tmul.,.
Show Promise of
WAS IT WORTH IT?
Chicago - liril - Al Crater
Tuesday claimed the honor of
having purchased (he last
round trip Chicago-Milwaukee
ticket issued by the North
Shore Electric Line which
went out of business Monday.
But the $4.00 ticket cost him
$13.50 because twice after
Carter thought he bought the
last ticket a later passenger
bought a round-trippcr.
100 MILES APART After 36 years of Japanese colonial
rule in Korea and 17 years of postwar diplomatic estrange
ment, Japan and South Korea, separated by 100 miles of open
sea, are close to settling most of their differences. They are
so close that Communist China, the USSR and North oKrea
have been pushing an intense propaganda campaign againsl
an ROK-Japan settlement.
haling Syngman Rhce, had
already established his line.
Rhee's proclamation of his
"peace line," which extends
as far as 160 miles off Korea's
coast - in- some places, came
just before Korean and Japa
nese negotiators sat down in
Tokyo for their first formal
conference.
Peace Line Dooms
The announce ment of
Rhee's "peace line" doomed
the first conference before it
began and set the tone for
most of the future talks. ;
The Rhee line was based on
the continental shelf around
Korea. It initially was de
signed primarily to protect
fishing waters, for Korean
fishing fleets. ;
It was the Americans who
helped give the Koreans per
haps more valid reason for
maintaining the restricted
zone. '
On Sept.. 27, 1952, Gen.
.J it ' 'I V Jl
FICTITIOUS STORY - Grccn-cycd Linda Lisht. 19, Miss
Kansas in the 1002 Miss Universe contest, tearfully admitted
to police al lopekn, Kan., t not her story of bclpg held captive
was fictitious. The pretty blonde Washington University
sophomore had originally said that a prowler had terrorized
her in her home. Police said Miss Light told them she had
slashed hersclt. tUPI)
They'll Do It Every Time
By Jimmy Ilatlo
But bullguavy, mo subscribes to
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Mark Clark, then commander-in-chief
of the United Nations
command, proclaimed the sea
defense zone around the
coastal waters of Korea.
Clark made it clear the
UNC line was purely for mili
tary purposes and had no re
lationship to the Rhee line.
Nevertheless, it strengthen
ed the Korean hand.
When the UNC line was
abolished the day after the
Korean armistice, the South
Koreans indicated it would
be necessary to continue the
Rhee line, not only to protect
fishing waters, but also to
protect their long coastline
from communist infiltration.
Japan Ignores Line
Japan has ignored the line
over the years and her fish
ermen have paid the price.
Hundreds of Japanese fisher
men have been captured and
imprisoned.
Fishermen and their vessels
have been returned to Japan
periodically by the Koreans,
but the seizing of vessels vio
lating the Rhee line has not
ceased. Nor will it, the Kore
ans say, until an agreement
is reached.
Japan refuses to recognize
the unilateral line. To avoid
unnecessary fraction, how
ever, fishermen are advised
nowadays to stay clear of it.
The Korean says their fish
ing fleet cannot compete with
the more modernized Japa
nese' and needs protection.
They say Japan suppressed
the Korean fishing trade dur
ing the colonial rule and
should not now begrudge the
Korean industry some special
privileges.
Issue Difficult
Compromise of the fishery
and Rhce line issue is diffi
cult. It has become a highly
emotional issue and both
countries have large fishing
industries involving thousands
of persons. The Japanese feel
they have made concessions
on the claims issue and it is
up to the Korean to give a
little.
The Koreans are in a belter
position to give because the
present military rulers in
Seoul are not so worried
about, or guided by, public
opinion. Chances are the ma
jor concessions will come
from Seoul.
Perhaps the least trouble
some of the remaining issues
is the legal status of Korean
residents in Japan.
This is a legacy of history
for which tho Japanese are
sorry In many ways.
' At the end ot the second
World War there were about
two million Koreans in Japan,
many of them brought here
as forced laborers or military
draftees. During the Allied
occupation, many of them re
turned to Korea, but about
600,000 still remain here. -
Want Residence
Korea wants Japan to give
these Koreans permanent
residence, with full and equal
opportunities. They also
should be given special safe
guards against deportation
and their descendants given
full citizenship status, Korea
contends.
The Japanese are in gen
eral agreement on most of
these points, but do not want
to go quite that far.
The claims issue, though
now settled, was the most
complex and most controver
sial. It Involved Koreans de
mands for the return of art
objects and compensation for
a wide range of items from
gold and silver bullion and
complicated bank transactions
for unpaid wages for forced
labor.
The Koreans also wanted
the Japanese to give sonic
evidence of remorse In mak
ing a settlement.
These issues were so com
pleted and controversial that
it was decided last year to
scrap working-level talks and
try to reach a "political set
tlement." Reach Formula
Tills worked, and late last
year Japanese Foreign Min
ister Masnyoshi Ohira and
Col. Kim Chong Pil, chief of
the South Korean Central In
telligence Agency, reached n
payment "formula" accept
able to both sides.
The final settlement pro
vides for Korea to receive a
to please any cat.
all tuna
liver 'n meat
chicken
fish
meaty mix
kidney 'n meat
$300 million grant, $200 mil
lion in government loans and
another $100 million in gov
ernment - guaranteed civilian
loans.
The United States sees the
restoration of normal ROK
Japan relations as another
link in the chain that contains
communism in Asia. The com
munists apparently see it the
same way.
They have charged repeat
edly that it will lay the foun
dation for formation of a new
military alliance - the North
east Asia Treaty Organiza
tion (NEATO), they call it.
Communist China, the So
viet Union and North Korea
shove aside their ideological
differences to pusii an in
tense propaganda campaign
against a ROK-Japan settle
ment. Want Unification
The North Koreans went so
far as to propose tripartite
talks between Japan and the
two Koreas. They reminded
the Japanese that no final
settlement could be reached
without their participation or
until the unification of Korea
is accomplished.
The Japan Socialist party,
Umidiuiig
major parliamentary opposi
tion group and leader of the
movement against a settle
ment, is using this as one of
its main arguments.
The Socialists contend that
a settlement with South
Korea alone will only help
perpetuate the division of
Korea.
Partly out of deference to
the Socialists but more with
an eye to the future, the
Japanese are certain to keep
the door open for some nego
tiations with North Korea in
any final settlement with
South Korea.
long Feud
other main Socialist I toughest behind-the-scenes
nt aeainst a settlement roles.
,ro.n nihnr main Socialist
argument against a settlement
is that it wouia ineieij uc .
extension of the Japan-U.S.
security treaty.
The Socialists are planning
to whip up a campaign against
the ROK-Japan talks on a
scale comparable to the
bloody riots against the se
curity treaty in 1960.
The Socialists may succeed
in creating disturbances. But
come summer it is a better
bet than ever that a new era
will begin in Japanese-Korean
relations and Uncle Sam
will be relieved of one of his
atty..
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