I
This is Mexico-IV
Relations Between United States, Mexico Goverments 'Excellent'
By HARRY FERGUSON
Mexico City - OIPD - The
United States and Mexico are
like neighbors who have been
arguing across the fence for
years and suddenly decide to
become friends. But the his
tory of U. S.-Mexican rela.
lions is filled with wars, mas
sacres, denunciations, prop
erty seizures and the epithets
gringo and "greaser,
It is still possible to organ
ize an anti-American demon
stration in Mexico and find
people willing to carry pla
cards denouncing the Yanqui.
"But you know," said an
American who has lived in
Mexico for more than 20
years, "I don't think the Mex
icans ever really get mad at
Americans any more. I have
seen anti-American demon
strators march down a street
lined on both sides by Ameri
can. tourists. Nobody bothered
the tourists and nobody lost
his temper. Sometimes I sus
pect Mexicans join demonstra
tions just because they like a
parade."
The U. S.-Mexican border is
1,600 miles long and thou
sands of American tourists
flood into Mexico every year.
There are innumerable points
of possible friction. But popu
larity is a relative thing. Not
too long ago a U. S. organiza
tion making a scientific poll
of Mexican opinion asked this
question: "On the whole
should Mexico side with the
United Slates or Russia?" The
result: United States, 51 per
cent; Russia, one per cent;
neither, 43 per cent; don't
know, 5 per cent.
President Kennedy made a
trip to Mexico early last sum
mer. Government officials
worried about how to make
sure there was a big turnout
along the streets. Their fears
were groundless. He got a
huge, spontaneous welcome
although the Mexicans some
times get to musing on
whether at least half the peo
ple showed up to see Mrs.
Kennedy's wardrobe and lis
ten to her Spanish speeches.
The relations between the
two governments are excell
ent. From 1945 to 1961 Mexi
co received about $750 mil
lion in credits from the Uni
ted States. These included export-import
bank credits and
some from the world bank to
which the United States is the
main supplier of resources.
During Kennedy's visit a
credit of $20 million was ex
tended for agricultural devel
opments. The American em
bassy here considers Mexico
an excellent credit risk with
a record of prompt payment.
'Remember the Alamo'
It is a far cry from this
healthy, happy relationship
back to the days of Gen. An
tonio Lopez de Santa Anna,
one of the most colorful char
acters ever produced in Mex
ico or anywhere else. He was
a soldier who could write
communiques with such con
summate skill that his de
feats always turned out to be
victories. He lost a leg in ac
tion and for years the Mexi
cans reverently preserved his
leg in an urn. He was the boss
man of Mexico for almost two
decades.
On Feb. 23, 1836, Santa
Anna marched a Mexican
army up to a mission in San
Antonio known as the Alamo.
Texas, then a part of Mexico,
was making noises like it
wanted independence and
Santa Anna had come to give
the Tcxans a lesson in disci
pline. He overwhelmed and
massacred the small garrison
and among those who perish
ed was Davy Crockett. A
month later he surrounded
371 Tcxans at Goliad and mas
sacred them after they sur
rendered. ,
On April 21 Santa Anna
and his army encamped at
San Jacinto and the general
retired from the noonday heat
for a siesta. He was rudely
awakened by a shout of "re
member the Alamo" from 800
Tcxans throats and shortly
afterward Santa Anna suren
dcred to Sam Houston. Texas
won its independence, but the
U. S. and Mexico soon were
at each other's throats again.
Border Trouble Erupts
In 1846 a dispute broke out
over the border between Tex
as and Mexico and President
Polk ordered Gen. Zachary
Taylor to seize the disputed
land. Taylor's army menaced
Mexico from the Rio Grande
and Gen. Winfield Scott head
ed another American army
that seized Vera Cruz and
eventually Mexico C 1 1 yi
Among the U. S. officers who
sharpened the tools of their
trade in this war in prepara
tion for bigger things to come
were Capt. Robert E. Lee and
Lieut. U. S. Grant.
The net result of the fight
ing was one of the most lop
sided real estate deals since
the Indians sold Manhattan
Island for $23. In return for
$15 million, Mexico ceded to
the United States what is now
California, Arizona, New
Mexico, Nevada, Utah and
part of Colorado.
The next brush between the
two nations occurred in 1914
when some American sailors
A Dangerous Combination
Pensacola Girl Finds Breaking
Cigarette Habit Difficult Problem
Ml
By DICK WEST
, Washington - UPD - Anyone
who quits smoking must go
through a readjustment per
iod that is
likely to pro
se n t certain
d 1 f f iculties.
With me,
these took the
form of dart
throwing and
an abortive
a 1 1 e mpt to
grow a beard.
west But by and
large I have had it easy com
pared to the experience of a
young lady in Pensacola. Fla.,
with whom I have been i n
correspondence.
I would mention her name
except that she is in the
broad casting business and
therefore is presumably ad
verse to publicity. So I'll just
call her Miss Wireless.
Miss Wireless writes that
until a few months ago she
not only was a confirmed
cigarette smoker but also had
a habit of chewing her finger
nails. This is a dangerous com
bination, owing to the fact
that a smoker who sticks a
finger in hit or her mouth
is apt to put a match to it
by mistake.
Recognizing that she was a
potential fire hazard, Miss
Wireless resolved to kick the
nicotine habit, which led to
rather unexpected results.
"When I quit smoking,"
Miss Wireless reports. "I be
came befuddled, confused,
dim-witted. At first, it was
difficult to remember what I
had stopped. So, by accident,
I stopped biting my 'nails at
the same time."
One might think that con
gratulations were in order
for ridding herself of two bad
habits, but Miss Wireless
views it as a mixed blessing.
"I now have long un
shapely claws that con
stantly require attention. I
rip my hose, I hit the wrong
letters on the typewriter
and I go around lapping on
tables all day.
"I never had any trouble
picking up pins when I had
no nails. Now I'm having to
be rehabilitated and learn
how to use the instruments.
"I wake up scratched and
bleeding every morning, and
I've developed the dreadful
habit of blowing on my nails
and shining them on my col
lar." Miss Wireless certainly has
a problem there and, as a
fellow ex-smoker, I would
like to help if I can. My sug
gestion is that since she
doesn't use cigarettes any
more she should bile the fil
ters off and impale them on
the ends of her nails.
This would make her the
only girl in Pensacola with
filtered fingertips. '
I
HONORED- Dr. B. Brandt Bartcls, (right) of Medford was
presented with a plaque at the recent meeting of the
Oregon state board of health in Salem in appreciation
for his services as a member of the board from 1959 to
1961. Making the presentation is Dr. Forrest E. Riekc,
president of the board.
SHRIMP C rl OQ
California w Q tfaW
Small Sixt
Peeled and
Dcveincd
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.e-KAie 5Qd OYSTERS Q5
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Smoked ft J Ocen f J,mb P)
SMELT ... 98 CRABS ,.. 05
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or
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LOBSTER
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P.Kh Fillets
551
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f. v' rnvrnc whole er flli
vf . Fresh Fryer Giblets ; ... 45c
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SEAFOOD & POULTRY
HENS
Colored
yvnoie or vt r
Cut-Up Jj
IF BITS
131 W. Main
Phone 773-8497
were arrested in Tampico.
American Marines landed at
Vera Cruz to stabilize the sit
uation and 19 of them were
killed by snipers. Mexican
politics were in chaos and
President Woodrow Wilson
denounced the nation for
"government by assassina
tion." Amoiig those who paid
small heed to such words was
a revolt in northern Mexico
and one day decided to re
plenish his supplies in a raid
across the border to Colum
bus. N.M.. where he killed 17
Americans.
SECTION B
Medford
HlA LT
PAGES 1 to 8
RIBUNE
MEDFORD, OREGON. THURSDAY, JANUARY 17, 1983
Villa s Waterloo
Wilson ordered 12,000 Am
erican troops to run Villa
down and placed them under
the command of an officer
named John J. Pershing.
Villa proved to be an elu
sive fellow and Pershing
never got him, but he did
get enough publicity to be
come the logical man to com
mand the American Expedi
tionary Force when America
entered World War I. Villa
got a dose of his own medi
cine. An expert in ambush, he
himself was fatally ambushed
by some Mexicans in 1923.
The diplomats finally set
tled the dispute and things
wont along comparatively
calmly between the two na
tions until 1938.
Foreign capital had invest
ed heavily in Mexico, espe
cially in oil. At th urging
of the oil workers' union,
President Lazaro Cardenas
seized the foreign holdings on
March 18, 1938, including
property of Standard of In
diana, Royal Shell and Sin
clair. Hitler had just invaded
Austria and the American
government was preoccupied
with matters unconnected
with oil rights. In addition,
Franklin D. Roosevelt was at
a stage in his presidency
wnere the woes of big busi
nessmen sometimes failed to
move him to tears. Eventu
ally an indemnity schedule
was worked out and the oil
companies were compensated
by the Mexican government.
The nationalized Mexican oil
industry now is known as
Pemcx.
Next: Tourism as a business, i
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