MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD. OREGON
MONDAY, JANUARY 14, 1963
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WAiu
Union Scores Easy Victory
By MERTON T. AKERS
UPI Correspondent
Maj. Gen. William Tecum
seh Sherman was wet and
dirty when he climbed aboard
the flagship of Acting Rear
Admiral David Porter on the
Mississippi river north of
Vicksburg, Miss., one night
early in 1863.
Shrman'M troODS had lust
been repulsed on Chickasaw
Bluffs north of the Confeder
ate stronghold of Vicksburg.
Sherman's first independent
command had been failure
and the general was feeling
it.
"I've lost 1,700 men and
those infernal reporters will
', '.V"'
Your Money's
Worth
By SYLVIA PORTIR
Copyrilht, Hall Syni, Inc.
SUPERMARKET NOW SOURCE OF GOURMET FOODS
Over the holidays, as friends dropped into our country
home at hours ranging from disgustingly early in the morn
ing to midnight, we were constantly loading and reloading
the tables with food. Among the foods we brought out of the
pantry or refrigerator were pate smoked turkey and Danish
meat balls, creamed vichyssoise and French onion soup, lob
ster newburg and a boneless cooked ham imported from
Holland, a variety of European cheeses and petit fours.
Ready at all times for those who had long drives ahead were
cafe espresso and an assortment of nuts, imported crackers,
breads, etc.
"A house of gourmets" say you? Oh, no. Every delicacy
in our pantry and refrigerator came from the local super
market the same sort of pedestrian store in which millions
of you shop daily. But not until I watched our house being
transformer into a 1863 version of an old Saturday Evening
Post cover did I realize the extent to which the familiar,
bargain-priced neighborhood supermarket is becoming a
source of gourmet foods too nor, I suspect, do most of you.
Familiar as the story of the food revolution in our gen
eration is, there are new aspects which are fascinating. Here
are some I've dug up as a reporter since my holiday experi
ence as a houswife.
Item: Today's supermarket offers up to 8,000 individual
Items compared with only about 1,000 in the early '40s. A
third of these items didn't even exist 10 years ago, more
than two thirds are either new or have been fundamentally
changed In the past decade. Nearly 70 cents of every dollar
you now spend on food goes for products introduced just in
the past seven years. Within five years, says Paul S. Willis,
president of the Grocery Manufacturers of America, super
markets will be offering up to 12,000 items, "many of which
are not even in our present dreams." Not in mankind's his
tory has there been a food revolution to rival today's.
Item: It's obvious that the vast expansion of "conveni
ence" foods is slashing the time the American housewife must
spend in the kitchen; the estimate is she spends 90 minutes to
prepare three meals today against 330 minutes by a house
wife at the start of World War II. Now, a new, surprising
point brought out by a recent U.S. Dept. of Agriculture
study is that, by use of convenience foods, she also is
saving money. For every $100 spent in grocery stores for
food, the USDA estimates $14.03 goes for convenience foods.
If a homemaker were to buy the raw ingredients to prepare
the same dishes from scratch, her cash outlay would be
$15.10. She is saving $1.07 by use of convenience foods, or
7 per cent.
Item: To the "built-in maid service" , which convenience
foods represent, food processors have now added what
Charles G Mortimer, chairman of General Foods Corp.,
calls "built-in chef service in which various foods are skill
fully seasoned and combined into new and exciting dishes."
This is the category in which you'll find the vichyssoise soup,
the lobster newberg, the stuffed baked potato with sour
cream sauce and chives, the green salad already mixed with
Roquefort Cheese. Today's convenience foods are not only
quick and easy but also increasing delicious.
Item: Just as there never has been a food revolution to
rival today's, so there never has been such fierce competition
among stores for our food dollar. As Mrs. Marie Kiefer, ex
ecutive director of the National Assn. of Retail Grocers,
points out, your choice of market types and sizes in which
to shop is unprecedented "supers, bantams, self-contained
shopping centers, drive-ins, discount centers, vending oper
ations, commissaries." It was only two years ago that dis
count houses began moving aggressively into the food busi
ness by Installing no-frills food departments, slashing serv
ices and cutting prices an average of 5 per cent under super
market levels today, sales of food by discount houses are
up to $2 billion a year. It was only a few years back that
supermarkets started to move cautiously into non-food items.
Now they're diversifying in every direction and in Mrs.
Kiefer's words, "We won't being to estimate the Increase
In non-foods" in supermarkets by 1975.
To the food industry, the stiff competition, galloping ad
vances resulting from research, slipping profit margins even
in the face of soaring sales ($80 billion in 1962, over $82
billion in 1963), spell a major upheaval. Among weaker, In
experienced under-capitalized stores, there's no question
there- will be mountaing mergers and bankruptcies.
To us, as consumers of food, though, it's a fine pattern.
We've never had it so good in terms of quality, quantity,
convenience and savings in time and price.
WORbtCOllFORTJ
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publish all over the country
their ridiculous stories about
Sherman being whipped," he
told Porter in the dry and
warm cabin of the flagship.
"Pshaw," Porter replied,
"that's nothing; simply an epi
sode in the war. You'll lose
17,000 before the war is over
and think nothing of it. . ."
"That's good sense, Porter,"
Sherman said, "but what shall
we do now? I must take my
boys somewhere and wipe this
out."
Porter said he would go
anywhere with his gunboats.
"Then," Sherman said "let's
go and thrash out Arkansas
Post."
Easy Victory
That episode was the incep
tion of the Federal expedition
which won an easy victory in
capturing Fort Hindman at
Arkansas Post. The victory, so
(ar as strategic considerations
went, added nothing to Fed
eral laurels. Maj. Gen. U. S.
Grant, commander of the de
partment, first called the ex
pedition "a wild goose chase"
nd then reversed himself and
called it "very important."
Grant reversed himself
when he learned that Sher
man, not Maj, Gen. John A.
McClernand, had initiated the
move which took one of
Grant's armies from the imme
diate target of Vicksburg on
an expedition up the Arkan
sas river.
McClernand ,a political gen
eral who disliked West Point
ers, readily fell in with Sher
man's Port Arkansas venture.
If successful it meant glory
for him and he could translate
glory into votes in his home
state of Illinois. McClernand
had been given to understand
that he was to command the
campaign against Vicksburg.
Grant was determined he
would not and there the situ
ation rested on Jan. 8, 1963,
when McClernand and his
whole army of about 32,000
men in two corps reached
the junction of the White and
Mississippi Rivers about 100
air miles above Vicksburg.
Early on the 10th the army
disembarked below Fort Hind
man and three ironclads, com
manded by Admiral Porter
himself, moved , into position
to attack the works which
were about 400 feet square
and surrounded by a deep
ditch. The fort mounted 18
guns.
Could Hear Enemy
Sherman, who liked to do
his own scouting, crept up that
night to a stump "so close
that I could hear the enemy
hard at work, pulling down
houses, cutting with axes and
building intrenchments. I
could almost hear their words,
and I was thus listening
when, about 4 a.m., the bugler
in the rebel camp sounded as
pretty a reveille as I ever list
ened to."
About 10:30 a.m. on the
11th the ironclads opened fire
and the two Union corps at-'
tacked.
Sherman described the bat
tle: "The intervening ground
between us and the enemy
was a dead level, with the ex
ception of one or two small
gullies, and our men had no
cover but the few standing
trees and some logs on the
ground. The troops advanced
well under a heavy fire, once
or twice falling to the ground
for a sort of rest or pause.
"Every tree had its group of
men, and behind each log was
a crowd of sharpshooters, who
kept up so hot a .fire that the
rebel troops fired wild. The
fire of the fort proper was
kept busy by the gunboats and
(Brig. Gen. George W.) Mor
gan's corps, so that all my
corps had to encounter was
the direct fire from the newly
built parapet across the pen
insula. , ."
Soon "a man jumped up In
the rebel parapet. . ." Sher
man continued, "waving a
large white flag, and numer
ous smaller white flags ap
peared above the parapet
along the whole line.
"I Immediately ordered.
'cease firing!' . . ."
"On entering the line, I saw
that our muskets and guns had
done very good execution; for
there was a horse battery, and
every horse lay dead in the
traces . . . dead men lay
around very thick."
Red Into Fort
Sherman received the sur
render of one Confederate
brigade and then rode Into the
fort proper where he found its
commander. Brig. Gen. Tho-
4-H NEWS
Needle Pointers
The Needle Pointers' 4-H
club January- meeting was
called to order by Rozann
Torrey, president, with 10
members present
The pledge of allegiance
and flag salute was said in
unison and Donna Brawn led
the group in a game.
Projects were discussed and
worked on and goals set for
the new year.
Sandra Torrey,
Reporter
mas J. Churchill of Kentucky,
talking to Admiral Porter and
Union Gen. A. J. Smith.'
Churchill and Sherman rode
out to where a Confederate
brigade commanded by Col.
James Deshler, a fiery West
Pointer from Tuscumbia, Ala.,
had refused to surrender.
Across the parapet stood the
Union division of Maj. Gen.
Frederick Steele, both sides
ready to fire at a moment's
notice.
Sherman takes up the story:
"I asked Deshler, 'What
does this mean? You art a reg
ular officer, and ought to
know better.' He answered
snappishly, that he 'had re
ceived no orders to surrender
when General Churchill said:
" 'You see, sir, that we are
in their power, and you may
surrender.
"Deshler turned to his staff
officers, and ordered them to
repeat the command to 'stack
arms' etc. ... I was on my
horse and he was on foot.
"Wishing to soften the blow
of defeat, I spoke to him kind
ly, saying that I knew a fam
ily of. Deshlers in Columbus,
Ohio, and inquired if they
were relations of his. He dis
claimed any relations with
people living north of the
Ohio, in an offensive tone, and
I think I gave him a piece of
my mind that he did not rel
ish. McClernand had remained
on the gunboat Tigress and
was in high spirits when Sher
man went to see him.
"Glorious, glorious. My star
Is ever in the ascendent,"
Sherman quoted him as say
ing. Ordered by Grant to return
to the vicinity of Vicksburg,
McClernand wrote to Presi
dent Lincoln on Jan. 16:
"I believe my success here
is gall and wormwood to the
clique of West Pointers who
have been persecuting me for
months. How can you expect
success when men controlling
the military destinies of the
country are more chagrined
at the success of your volun
teer officers than the very
enemy beaten by the latter in
battle? . . ."
Col. Sam Garland, who had
raised the first white flag,
asked to stay with Sherman
that night because there was
much feeling against him
among the Confederate of
ficers. "Just outside the rebel para
pet," Sherman wrote, "was a
house which had been used as
a hospital. I had a room clean
ed out, and occupied it that
night. A calvary soldier lent
me his battered coffee pot
with some coffee and scraps
of hard bread out of his noss
bag; Garland and I made soma
coffee, ate our bread together,
and talked till quite late at
night, when we lay down on
straw that was saturated with
the blood of dead or wounded
men. . ."
The fort was demolished
and the 4,791 prisoners were
sent to St. Louis. Casualtiea
were 1,001 Union men killed
and wounded; the Confederate
figure was about 150 besides
the prisoners
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