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ROBERT W. RUHL. Editor
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ERIC W ALLEN JR.. Mn Editor
EARL H ADAMS, City Editor
HARRY CHIPMAN. Tclef Editor
RICHARD JEWETT. SporU Editor
OLIVE STARCHEB Women'! Editor
DALE ERICKSON. Circulation Mar
An Independent Newipaear
Inlered ai aecond claw matter it
Mediord. Oreioa under Act of
March 3. 1897
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Flight o' Time
Mediord and Jackson County
Hiitory from the tiles ot The
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40
and 50 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
Doe. 11, 1952 (Wednesday)
Pacific Telephone and Tele
graph company today filed
an application for a "general
re-pricing" of residential and
business telephone rc es with
the Public Utilities Commis
sioner. Christmas vacation periods
- Dec. 24 to Jan. 4 - have
been announced by the Med
ford public school system and
by 10 other county schools. v
20 YEARS AGO . '
Dec. 11, 1942 (Thursday)
, Mcdford war price and ra
tioning office starts receiving
applications for "A" mileage
gasoline rationing books.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pot" column: "1-1071-PLOF-5-NOBUCOSWB
is the
llabbeigasting title of a gov
ernment questionnaire. Sub
tract your social security num
nnw the remainder il the
number of canned peaches
you will eat In 194J. f
30 YEARS AGO
Dee. 11. 1932 (Saturday)
Bill Morgan, University of
Oregon athlete from Mcdford,
named best football player to
face UCLA team during 1932.
Mcdford Garden club an
nounces plans for annual
Christmas lighting competi
tion; church choirs to tour
city singing Christmas carols
on Christmas eve.
40 YEARS AGO
Dec. 11. 1922 (Sunday)
Temperature of 31 degrees
In Mtdford is hlghcrt report
ed for state.
Mcdford Mayor' C. E. Gales
rumored to be In running for
appointment to slate highway
commission.
SO YEARS AGO
Dec. 11. 1912 (Tuesday)
Workmen start pouring
concrete for new Main street
bridsc across Bear creek.
Sales at Mcdford public
market average $2,000 a
week; city business venture
called an "unqualified sue
cess."
Whal's Your I.Q.7
Nine or ten certacv d tueerlor;
seven or eight It eicalltnt; live
til it good.
1. How much money In
gold coin is in circulation In
-the United States?
2. What islands are famous
for their small ponies?
3. What queen celebrated
her golden jubilee In 1807
and her diamond jubilee in
1B7
4 What do musicians re
fer to when Ihcv speak of
ASCAP?
5. What was man's earliest
know implement?
6. What is Hie United
Stoles Flag called when it Is
being carried by a cavalry
regiment?
7 Florence Nightengale ob
tained recognition of the
value of women nurses dur
ing what war?
8 What are the first five
hooks of the Old Testament
railed as a group?
9 Which musical Instru
ment is the highest pitched
of alp
10. What have Jersey,
Guernsey, Aldcrney and Sark
in common?
Answers: 1. None. 2. Shet
land. 3. Queen Victoria. 4.
American Society of Authors,
Composers and Publishers. 5.
A stone. 8. The Standard, 7.
Crimean. 8. The Penfaleuch.
9. Piccolo. 10. English Chan
nel islands.
4 A.
8
DECEMBER 11, 1882
Federal vs. Local Government
There can be no doubt whatsoever that the
federal government has, since the mid-30s and
even before, played an ever-larger role in the
lives of everyone. . - .
Taxes have increased ; so have federal "grants
in aid" to the states for a variety of purposes in
cluding schools! welfare, hospital construction,
sewage plant construction, housing, agricultural
practices the list seems endless.
Most people. . liberals and conservatives
alike deplore this federal enlargement. The
basic difference is that the conservative looks
up on it as encroachment by the federal govern
ment on the rights of the states, while the liberal
looks upon it as the federal government "taking
up the slack" that is, performing necessary
functions where the state and local governments
have fallen down on the job.
AN EXCELLENT case can be made to support
the contention that states, counties and com
munities have, indeed, simply passed along, by
default, many of their responsibilities to Uncle
Sam.
If, in the first place, they had given adequate
support to schools, hospital construction, sewage
disposal again the list goes on and on there
would have been neither need nor justification
for the. federal government to become involved.
But the fact that they have not in many in
stances done so, and the, fact that the federal
government's taxing authority and power are so
far superior to those of local taxing units, has
resulted in this basic'shift of both authority and
responsibility. , , ,
rVERY TIME a state legislature cuts a budget
for state services, there is an added argument
for the federal government to step into the void.
Every time a school district budget, or bond
issue, is defeated by local voters, the call for fed
eral aid to schools gets a little louder, . i
Every time a pollution problem goes unsolved
for lack of local funds, the pressure is applied to
the federal government for more aid to reduce
pollution, improve sewage disposal, and so on.
- Every time a local community has gone with
out needed hospital services, the cry went up for
federal aid. When state and county funds were
Unable to carry the load of welfare cases, the cry
is for increasea federal appropriations.
THE FEDERAL income tax is probably the most
V efficient device in the millennia-long history
of taxation, and it extracts vast sums from the
pockets of taxpayers in the relatively painless
form of payroll deductions, so that a majority of
taxnavers don't even think in terms of their full
salaries any more, but
home nav.
This efficient and relatively simple means of
tax collection, coupled with the fact that the fed
eral rrovernment is so far removed from direct
pressure by taxpayers, nas resulted in tins His
toric shift of power from local and state govern
ments to Washington.
It is our view that this trend will not oe re
versed unless and until local units of government
state, county and city
the responsibility for these necessary services and
facilities, and the responsibility of paying for
them.
THEN and only then will the pressures
fni- uipi-nauorl forlorol occictonno and rho in
evitable federal standards and controls which go
with them, begin to diminish.
Then and only then will governments
resume a more intimate association with its
individual components the voters and taxpay
ers. Then and only then will more taxing
ability be returned from the federal to local units
of government.
Thus, it seems to us, both liberals and con
servatives who want government closer to home,
had best work to strengthen it, and see that it gets
adequate financial support to do the necessary
jobs in education and in all the other areas where
it has too often fallen down.
Unless and until that happens, no congress is
going to deny increasing funds to the federal
government to do the jobs the local governments
have cither botched or not done at all. E.A.
Federal vs. Local Taxes
Thinking along the same lines as those above,
an editorial writer on the Eugene Register-Guard
reasons thus:
". . . In reality, the average Oregon family Is burdened
far more by federal taxes than by local; taxes. And so is
the average business or Industry.
"The only plausible explanation why more furor Is
raised about local property taxes is that these are locally
controllable: control of federal taxes is difficult. If not
impossible. Thus, individuals and organizations arc led In
concentrate their opposition 'higher taxes' upon the sort
of taxes they can hope lo oppose most successfully.
"But do they pause to consider where such tactics must
inevitably lead? If local governments, including school
districts, are not properly supported by locally collected
taxes, the day will quickly come when Ihey will be fi
nanced through handouts from Uncle Sam.
"Those who think this would lead to true lax conscna
lion, to more efficient and less-costly overall government,
have lost faith in the traditional American system. Either
that, or they fail to see that blind opposition lo local taxes
could all loo easily weaken our local governments, forcing
them to default more functions and responsibilities In fed
eral agencies."
There are some things the people must turn
to their government to provide. If one level of
government won't or can't another one will.
The real choice is not high taxes or low taxes,
but what kind of services we want, and which
kind of government we'd rather have spending
our money. E.A.
only in terms of take-
begin to assume both
MEDFORD
"You're About All
Matter of Focf y jo..Ph au.
lei Nw York Herald Tribune Syndicate '
YOU'RE ANOTHER
Washington According to
reliable report. President
Kennedy's meeting with wily
A n a a t a I
Mikoyan was
far more in
teresting than
it was made to
appear at the
time. What
Mikoyan
wanted was
some form of
by tne Presi
Alans
public pledge
dent that the United States
would not Invade Cuba. This
was supposed to "wind up"
the Cuban affairs, and inci
dentally, of course, it was
also supposed to give Nikita
S. Khrushchev something
tangible to point to as a gain
from his miscarried Cuban
gamble.-.
As the world knows, Miko
yan had nothing to offer the
President in the way of the
one-site inspection and verifi
cation in Cuba wiiich was such
an important item in the
Khrushchev - Kennedy b a r
bain. Nonetheless, he rather
more than insinuated thai
the President would be guil
ty of bad faith, if he tcfuscd
to issue the desired "no inva
sion" pledge.
THIS gave the President the
opening, for which he had
no doubt been hoping, to say,
"You're another" with great
vigor and vividness, And the
President not only pointed
out with some asperity that
the Soviet side of the Cuban
bargain had not been ful
filled. He also reminded Mi
koyan that the bargain in
Laos had been flagrantly
breached by the continuing
non-withdrawal of the North
Vietnamese .Communist
troop from Laotian territory.
While on the subject of So
viet bad faith, the Presdent
also recalled to Mikoyan the
ugliest feature of the whole
Cuban affair. This was the
lying personal message that
the Soviets would never put
into Cuba "weapons capable
of reaching American tar
gets," which Khrushchev and
Mikoyan sent to the Presi
dent through Georgi Bulcha
kov, a subordinate officer of
the Soviet embassy here.
To this, Mikoyan replied
with blarneying Impudence so
great that one must almost'
admire it. Khrushchev and
he, so he swore up and down,
really, truly did not regard
the strategic missiles that
were put into Cuba as offen
sive in character, ineir pur
pose, he sairt piously, were
solely defensive.
AS for not having been
frank about them with
the President, Mikoyan went
on, Khrushchev feared that
the presence of these Inno.
cent defensive weapons in
Cuba might be misinter
preted and distorted. In the
heat of the American Con
gressional elections. So Khru
shchev had tried to keep the
missiles a secret until the elec
tion was ovei, when he had
meant to tell the President
all about (hem right away.
It ran be seen, then why
the Kennedy-Mlkoyan con
versation was not Immedi
ately fruitful. Yet it is
thought lo have borne some
fruit, nonetheless, of a slower-ripening
kind.
It is thought, In other
words, lo have helped to
drive home lo the Kremlin
that the U.S. Government Is
no longer willing to accept
the long-prevailing double
standard of International be
havior. This Is the odd. but
widespread viewpoint which
tolerates all kinds ot Soviet
actions that would universal
ly be regarded as totally In
tolerable if they were Ameri
can actions.
The elimination of the
double standard Is the obvi
ously essential preliminary to
any kind ot useful negotia
tions with the Kremlin. Ber
lin, nuclear tes.s and all the
MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD, OREGON
PUyecJ Out ch"
other outstanding problems
cannot any longer be dis
cussed on the familiar basis
of: "What's mine is mine,
and now let's have a jolly
chat about what's yours."
ON the other hand, if the
Kremlin is at last ready
for equal negotiations, the
Kennedy policy-makers are
convinced that negotiations
will be desirable. There has
been some Discussion of a
quiet, personal approach to
Khrushchev by the President,
which would have the effect
of testing the climate and
perhaps opening the way for
talks.
The Soviet posture is being
continuously . altered, mean
while, by the ever-deepening
split between Moscow and
Peking; The Chinese are still
observing the convention of
calling Marshal Tito of Yugo
slavia a "traitor" when they
really mean Khrushchev, just
as the Soviets still speak of
the vile Albanians when they
mean the vile Chinese. But
the language now being used
is downright frenzed.
The split has certainly
reached a point, in face, at
which the Soviets no longer
give any weight at all to Chi
nese objections to East-West
talks. Certain signs also sug
gest that . the Kremlin is
smoothing away existing ob
stacles to talks. '
A most striking sign was
the recent conciliatory speech
by the East. German Commu
nist boss, Waller Ulbricht,
with its novel emphasis on
the need for "compromises"
by both sides in their ap
proach to the Berlin problem.
In short, it will not be very
surprising if the moment of
truth which both sides have
experienced, leads on this
winter to an attempt to do
business with one another on
a sensibly realistic basis.
Communications
Many Don't Agree
To the Editor: I have writ
ten the following letter to
Senator Wayne Morse:
Dear Senator Morse: Many
Democrats are not in accord
with the action taken by the
central committee in recom
mending Mr. Marvin Madden
for the position of temporary
postmaster for Medford, or
the manner in which it was
taken. We hope that you will
Investigate the background of
this action and the "unani
mous" recommendation pro
posed. We personally favor the
candidacy of Al Bradford but
feel that the appointment
should at least go lo one of
the five men who were the
choice of the screening com
mittee. Mrs. Lester D. Harris
707 South Oakdale ave.
Mcdford.
Barking of Jackals
To the Editor: I would lis
ten to the name calling by the
Democratic Central commit
tee as I would lo the barking
ot a pack ot jackals defending
a stolen carcass.
That committee, in Ihcir
handling of the recommenda
tion for the position of post
master, have Immersed them
selves, and their party, in the
mosl odious cesspool of po
litical filth that this county
has experienced.
For the screening commit
tee to go through the motions
ot preparing candidates for
the selection, making com
mitments as they proceeded,
knowing full well it was an
empty gesture, was personal
cruelty to the candidates in
volved. For Mr. Madden lo proceed
with his campaign for an of
fice of countywide trust and
responsibility, knowing equal
ly as well that he had no in
tention of fulfilling the man
date of the voters, was po
litical dishonesty.
That both the committee
and Mr. Madden had their
advance knowledge and In-i
Relaxed Tensions Signal End of Cuban
Crisis; But What's Ahead for Castro?
Br PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign News Analyst
Guantanamo is emerging
slowly from Ha womanleM,
wifeless state. The simple re
turn of domes
ticity seemsjto
establish that
the Cuban cri
sis is not a cri
sis anymore.
As wives re
joined hus
bands on the
big naval
base, UPI cor
respon dent
Strictly
Personal
By Sydney J. Hart it
(c- Field Enterprlsea Inc.
SICK MINDS
Some day, far In the future
-if we are permitted a future
- all persons who influence
the public in a significant and
- sub stantial
way will first
be given a rig
id and thor
ough psychiat
ric examina
tion. All judges
teachers, ad
m i n istrators,
new s paper
Harris Columnists; all
policemen, Army officers, po
litical candidates, physicians;
all social Workers, magazine
editors,' advertising execu
tives, labor leaders.
In that day, such an exam
ination will be as routine as
our present tests for physical
health and professional apti
tude. Today, we will not al
low someone with cholera or
small pox contaminate those
with whom he comes in con
tact; in the future, we will
not allow the emotionally in
fected to handle (and mishan
dle) the public.
I am not referring to tha
ordinary neurotics, which
modern society produces by
the millions! I am referring
to the psychopathic charac
ters with a deep and desper
ate need lo punish, lo
. blame, to justify their tor
tured ways by condeming
those who follow different
ways. Such people are sick
as surely as if typhus were
bubbling in their blood
' stream.
There is a man in my
own profession, for in
stance, whs fondly Imagines
himself to be a good Chris
tian, a devoted family man,
a bastion of respectability
and decency and honesly.
And yet, from what he
writes, it is evident even
to the clinically untrained
eye that he is a cauldron
of hates and hostilities, of
bitter prejudices and over
powering pride.
Multiply such a personal
ity by the tens of thousands
in positions of influence,
and we can see how the
stream of society is pollu
ted and poisoned daily, in
a quite unconscious way.
And nothing can be done,
for the human race, is not
yet sophisiicaled enough, in
technique or insight, to rec
ognise and treat such cases
of psychopaihology.
'
Yet the danger from an
Army officer of this type, a
school principal, a Criminal
Court judge, a Congressman,
even a uniformed policeman,
is Immense - for evil tends
to radiate in a wide circle,
while goodness tends lo con
centrate upon the private, the
intimate, and immediate. And
the evil - like thai of Hitler
- which is set in motion by
unconscious forces is an in
fectious ' disease, spreading
faster than poisoned water.
We have yet to recognize
the demonic power of these
irrational forces in man,
which must be tamed before
they conquer us utterly. What
happened to the German peo
ple was not a political or eco
nomic twist, but a pandemic
sickness of the psyche, or
soul - and it can happen any
where, any time, until we
learn how to give the antitox
in lo the fevered mind.
mi
BO
tention was clearly defined at
the recorded session of the
Democratic Central commit
tee last week.
I was one of many Repub
licans who voted for Mr. Mad
den on the basis of his per
sonal qualifications and
achievements as County Clerk
and Recorder, and his ex
pressed intention and desire
lo remain lo serve another
term. I certainly did not cast
my vole, nor did others.
Democratic or Republican, so
that he might cinch the posi
tion for a political appointee
of the Democratic Central
committee upon his immediate
resignation.
Mrs. Jack C. Prttrrion
Route 4. Box 482
Medford.
e.
John Goldsmith reported this
burst of affection from, hospi
tal technician Edwin C. Ad
ams, who but for a turn of
events might have been en
gaged in far less pleasurable
pursuits. Said Adams:
"We really missed those
long-haired mess cooks."
Castro's Cuba also seemed
to be returning to normal.
Scarcely had the last Rus-
Washington Report
By William 8. White
(el United reatura
Syndicate
GOP V-P TALK
Washington In the new
Congress opening next month,
the United States Senate will
'TT4 become an ac
r4r"vJ tive arena for
i .-ft-'' 3 R e p u b lican
in-jfiSL I vice Pien
, v 1 I tial oossibili-
y much as it was
lor Democrat-
presidential
possibilities in
1980.
Whit '
chamber saw a quiet but in
tense struggle three years ago
between Senators John F.
Kennedy of Massachusetts,
Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas
and Stuart Symington of Mis
souri for the Democratic pres
idential nomination.
Now, well before the open
ing of the new Senate, people
are talking, as the saying goes,
about two Republican sena
tors Thomas Kuchel of
California and Thruston Mor
ton of Kentucky for the
1984 GOP vice presidential
designation.
.
IN POLITICS, there is spec-
A ulation and there is spec
ulation. Always it is iffy and
sometimes it is also merely
idle. In this case, however,
it is in no sense idle, nor is
it touched with more than an
irreducible minimum of iffi-
ness. Kuchel and Morton have
won the right to serious con
sideration, the inevitability of
favorable mention, by the
most decisive and objective of
all tests the test of success
in last month's elections.
Kuchel swept to reelection
in giant California by an enor
mous plurality of some 700,-
000 votes while his fellow
Republican, 'Richard Nixon,
was losing for the governor
ship to the Democratic incum
bent. Edmund Brown. It was,
in fact, the most impressive
victory, in voting margin,
turned in by any Republican
in the country.
Morton was returned from
Kentucky against what had
been supposed to be a very
heavy Democratic challenge.
Kuchel was always favored
to win; what makes him a new
factor in the Republican party
was the great scope of his
triumph. Morton was billed
to lose; what elevates him now
is that instead of obliging the
forecasters, he managed to
turn in a solid, if unspectacu
lar, victory.
....
EACH, moreover, is well
within that broad stream
of political moderation, or
miridleness, from which the
GOP in recent years has near
ly always chosen its vice pres
idential candidate. And nei
ther is exactly hurt by the
fact that he is a quiet and
unassuming fellow in a place.
the Senate, which will cut
down prima donnas wherever
It can for the odd reason that
nearly everybody there is him
self a prima donna at heart.
From this point onward,
however, Kuchel and Morton
are two very different men.
Morton's basic strength is
within organized, regular Re
publicanism because he has
been to his party an outstand
ingly good soldier always. As
a former chairman of the Re
publican National committee,
he knows intimately the
sources of convention power.
Kuchel is not too close to
regular Republicanism, but
he has perhaps the higher
strength of geography. H i s
state, California, is about lo
become the first in the nation
in population and in electoral
power. Moreover, as assistant
Republican leader of the Sen
ate he is in a hierarchial po
sition within the party, as
Morton is not. This means a
larger and readier access to
national publicity and a great
er opportunity to identify
himself closely with the par
ty's national record.
FINALLY, there is the fac
tor that the Senatt has
become what it never used to
be - a good stand of ground
for the growth of presidential
and vice presidential timber.
John F. Kennedy broke an
old truism that the Senate
was a great place to become
famous in but not to become
president from. The 1980
presidential ticket for the first
time in history carried the
names of two Senate men, his
and that of Lyndon Johnson.
The sum of it is that a good
deal of vice presidential poli
tics will surely be involved
in the new Senate, regardless
of the resent that may be
shown In the matter by both
Kuchel and Morton.
tan bomber departed In its
crate from Cuban shores than
the government set about con
fiscating more businesses and
returning to its normal de
nunciations of the United
States.
If this seems like a light
approach to' a most serious
problem, it is not intended so.
Rather it is a sigh of relief
echoing In many quarters that
the world has managed to
emerge relatively unscathed
from what could have been
its first, and perhaps last, nu
clear war.
The fact that a firm hand,
plus diplomacy, had turned an
untenable situation into one
of some advantage to the Unit
ed States did not, however,
provide a total solution nor
the answer to several remain
ing important questions.
One of the most intriguing
of these is, what now for
Fidel Castro?
If the Soviet Union simply
used the bearded leader as a
means for placing missiles and
bombers on Cuban bases and
thereby gaining a military ad
vantage over the U n it e d
States, Castro's usefulness to
Russia now would seem to be
considerably reduced.
Despite the jovial appear
ance of Soviet First Deputy
Anastas Mikoyan on his de
parture for Moscow after a
24-day Cuban .visit, it also
seemed obvious that Castro
Drurnmond Reports
(Walter Lipemann ii in lurapt. fteicee Drummend reverts Item
Wuhlneten in hit aeiance.) (c) 142 New Yerk Hauls' Tribune Inc.
MEET STALINIST '
ULBRICHT -.,';.
Berlin - Herr Walter ui
bricht, the Moscow - trained
Stalinist, is today the most
hatsd Communist dictator in
the most resented Communist
dictatorship in the entire So
viet orbit.
The East German govern
ment, Installed by force and
maintained under the guns of
the Red Army, is the most
repressive,, iron ruled Com
munist regime in all Eastern
Europe.
There are three reasons
why Ulbricht imposed an un
limited, unrelieved Stalin
esque repression over' the 17
million East Germans.
1 - Ulbricht is doing what
comes naturally. He is a Sta
linist by choice as well as by
necessity.
2 - He wouldn't dare open
up his regime even to the
modest regulated free d o m s
now allowed in Communist
Poland and Communist Hun
gary, which give public opin
ion some latitude of expres
sion and influence. He knows
that the East German people
would blow his regime out of
existence if they had the
slighest means to do so. He
fears his own people as Stalin
feared his own colleagues.
Ulbricht's repression begets
repression. The more he re
presses, the more he is hated.
3 - Finally, although the
"Wall' stands as an ugly sen
tinel of brick and mortar, it
is porous to the eyes of the
freedom - hungry East Ger
mans. While Ulbricht and his
regime hide behind the Wall,
his people can see and almost
touch the joys of liberty
which radiate from West Ber
lin. rPHIS W why the East Ger
man Communujt regime is
the worst of all the Soviet
colonies. It has at its top an
Inveterate and incurable Sta
linist. It has at its base a
whole people who are hostile
and unreconciled and who re
fuse to make peace with their
rulers.
This is the regime which
the Soviet Union wants the
West to recognize and elevate
to potential membership in
the United Nations.
I do not wish to leave the
impression that the East Ger
mans are in a mood to turn
on their tormentors with their
bare hands. They aren't. They
. . . floppy arms and leei . . . ifrlnjy halt ... It doesn't
de anything . . . yeu knew, a Reeeeey Ann dell!"
had proved a hard man to
handle, thus further reducing
his usefulness. i
There is no doubt also that
he has been badjy hurt in
Latin America.
When such a man as Bra
zil'i Leonel Brizola, anti-Yankee
governor of Rio Grande
do Sul state, lashes out at him
for "dishonoring" the Cuban
revolution, it is apparent that
the portrait of an idealistic!
champion of the people has
been dimmed considerably.
As for the United States,
the administration opposes
now as it has in the past an
invasion of Cuba, both for its
high cost in lives and for the
effect it would have on other
American nations.
But President Kennedy
clearly made known an alter
native when, in his announce
ment Oct. 22 of the Cuban
quarantine, he told the Cuban
people:
"Many times in the past the
Cuban people have risen to
throw out tyrants who de
stroyed their liberty. And I
have no doubt that most Cu
bans today look forward to
the time when they will be
truly free ..."
Castro's own history Is one
of violence and it teems his
end also must be violent.
Whether the end comes irom
internal revolt or from the
outside, the cost still will be
high. - -
tried it in 1933 - and failed.
The regime is physically
stronger than it was ten years
ago. It has all the means of
terror and control in its
hands.
But even the Wall has not
rendered the East German
people hopeless or even
acquiescent. A. good gauge of
their spirit is . the letter
which still pour into RIAS,
the American radio station in
West Berlin, which broadcasts
news and music primarily to
the East Zone. They dropped
sharply for a few weeks aft
er the Wail went up. They
now run nearly 800 a week,
nearly as many as before. To
reduce the risk of censorshio,
many are mailed to friends in
West Germany to be sent on
to RIAS.
VOU have only lo read a
- cross-section of this mail
lo realize how detested the
Ulbricht regime remains. The
East Germans have not lost
the power of expression-many
of the letters have to be laun
dered to go on the air - nor
the courage to express them
selves. RIAS continues to have a
tremendous audience in East
Germany despite the repeated
Communists campaigns to per
suade its listeners that the
news and views from the West
are the "Poison of the En
emy." Periodically squads of
police will mount the roofs
of homes and apartments to
turn the TV antennaes in the
opposite direction so West
Germany's TV programs can
not be seen. Later most of
their owners will boldly turn
them back.
RIAS has succeeded in get
ting over to the East Germans
a very crucial fact - that Ul
bricht refuses to tolerate as
much freedom as the people
of Poland and Hungary now
enjoy. Nothing infuriates the
East Zone regime as much as
to have the East German pop
ulation know that German
authors whose works are sup
pressed in East Germany, are
published in Poland and Hun
gary. And that West German
newspapers, which are not al
lowed over the Wall, can be
bought and openly read in
Warsaw and Budapest.
This is the regime which
Mr. Khrushchev wants the
free world to Invite into it
living room.