J SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 1962 MEDFOHD MAIL THIBUNE. MEDFORD, OREGON
Era-By-Era History of Siskiyou County Shown in Displays
By DORIS ROBINSON
Mail Tribune Correipondeni
Yreka Mrs. Hazel Pollock,
curator of the Siskiyou
County museum here, recent
ly finished arranging new
portions of the first floor ex
hibit one that gives an era-by-era
history of Siskiyou
county.
The exhibit starlB with pre
historic days, covers the In
dian period, the days of the
Hudson Bay trappers, the
gold rush era, followed by
eras titled transportation, in
dustry and development.
The prehistoric period tells
of the formation of Sisltiyott
island In northern California,
and of the fossils, bones of
mammoth elephant, evidence
of the marine life and a dis
play of plant life fossils.
The second period covers
the Indians who inhabited the
area in 1770. They included
the Karok, Konomihu, Shasta,
Okwanuchu, Modoc and
Achomawi. A large colored
map shows which area each
tribe inhabited. The story of
making a corn breed is told
by the rocks, each step from
the grinding of the corn in
mortars, until the dough is
ready for baking.
The display also contains
arrow heads, a bow and ar
row, beads, baskets, papoose
basket, tools, idols and spoons
made from wood. Some of the
arrow heads are thin, sharp
pieces of bone about the size
and shape of a toothpick.
They were placed on the shaft
of the arrow, sealed with
pitch or pine gum, and used
to kill fish and birds.
There is also a ceremonial
rock, oval in shape, which
the Indians tied to bushes
where llicy were fishing to
bring good luck.
An Indian cave in the
Shasta valley was the first
cave to be studied In Siskiyou
county by the University of
California cave archaeologists.
From the artifacts found, they
were able to learn what the
Indians ate and how they
lived, what their tools were
made of and how used.
Shaped Into Spoons
From bones found in one
part of the cave, it was de
termined that the Indians ate
squirrels, deer, mountain
sheep, birds and fish. The
bones were sharpened and
used for awls, to punch lace
holes in skins used for cloth
ing, and for pipe stems and
other uses.
Clam shells were shaped
into spoons, and obsidian was
used for arrow heads and
awls.
Pictures show mats and
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pieces of rope and cordage
woven by the Indians. They
were taken from the cave by
sifting the dirt.
Another section covers the
era of the Hudson bay trap
per. A picture shows where
the trappers crossed the
Klamath river.
Peter S. Ogden, who named
the mountain and the river
Sastice (Shasta); Alexander
R. McLeod, for whom the
river was named; and Steph
en Meek, who lived and is
buried in Scott Valley, trap
ped along the Shasta, Scott,
Salmon and McCloud rivers.
On exhibit is a large rock
which formed a tombstone
from Oro Fino in Scott val
ley. It was from the earliest
grave of a white man in Cali
fornia. The inscription reads,
"Died June 10, 1839 Jon B.
Smith."
Cabin Discovered
A trapper's cabin was dis
covered on Willow creek near
Gazelle - Callahan rd. and
many artifacts recovered
there are on display. They in
clude glass beads or trading
beads used in barter with the
Indians, a large iron kettle
and a rock from the fireplace.
Trapper Thomas McKay
and party trapped 1,800
beavers in one month in Scott
valley, known as Beaver val
ley to the trappers in 18.16.
The gold rush, the Chinese
and the pioneers are covered
in another museum exhibit,
which includes a largo map
indicating the location of
mines in Siskiyou county.
The display case holds a
fascimile of the largest gold
nugget found at Scott Bar in
1855. The nugget weighed 15
pounds, 7','i ounces, and was
Vi inches long and 8'i
inches in circumference.
Found In Scott Bar
The story goes that Jim
Linsey and Fred Lockery Jr.
found the nugget at Scott
Bar, and were so excited
they hid it under their cabin
for three weeks. They decid
ed it would be safer at the
express company in Yreka.
They sent it by stage, but
after the stage had been on
its way, they heard the ex
press company went bank
rupt. They saddled their
horses and rode toward
Yreka, hoping to overtake the
stage and recover the nugget.
They had to travel in knee
deep snow, and had to spend
a night on the way. Upon
I reaching Yreka, they found
I the staRc had arrived and the
Adams Express company had
the nugget.
D. Wariswrirth, express
agent, offered to buy the nug
g e t. The transaction was
made, and the nugget was
sold for $3,100.
Articles Exhibited
Other articles in the ex
hibit include gold scales,
gold screens, a large tallow
ennrile molded In Yreka In
1H54, and a leather pouch for
carrying gold dust or money.
There were many Chinese
In the Yreka area, and the
display case holds such items
as a carrying yolk, which the
Chinese used across their
shoulders, suspending large
baskets from each end.
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Director of Public Relations for Credit
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Instructor of three Credit classes for Gen
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Visual aids: slides, filmstrips, etc.,
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Oregon State System of
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in Cooperation With
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1501 East Jackson Blvd.
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DAYS OF THE THAPPEHS One of the
eras of Siskiyou county history covered in
the recently completed county museum ex
hibit was that of the Hudson Bay trappers.
This display shows some of the items repre
' sentativc of that era, including a beaver
pelt and a mountain goat horn.
Also on display arc a gin
jug from Scott valley, coolcy
hat, and an opium lamp.
Opium was cooked on a stick
over the flame of the lamp
before being put into the pipe
bowl. Also on exhibit is a
Chinese gin flask with pewter
stopper, covered with bamboo
wicker work, cake ink, simi
lar to India ink, Chinese slip
pers worn on bound feet, and
fire crackers.
A little blue Chinese bowl
has been donated by AI Bag
ley. The bowl was purchased
in 1871 by his mother from a
Chinese man.
Mrs. Baglvy said when she
purchased the bowl, AI, then
four years old, could use it as
a mush bowl. This he did all
his life, and prior to his
death at the age of 85, lie do
nated it to the museum. The
course brown clay shows
through the bottom where the
glaze has worn off.
Many items left by the
pioneers make a fine collec
tion, including Bibles, some
dated 1850 which were used
in mining camps, autograph
books, watches, coins, guns,
paper money, pictures, medi
cine kits, and many other
articles.
In the display on transpor
tation, from foot, horseback
and mule train to covered
wagon, stagecoach and freight
team, are a pack saddle, mule
snow shoe, whips, oxen shoe,
and spurs. Pictures show
freight teams with bells on
their collars to announce
their position on the narrow
mountain roads.
Story of Power Told
In the power exhibit, the
story is told from the begin
ning with candle molds and
candles dating to 1854,
marketable matches, miner's
candle holders, oil burning
hand lanterns, and a table
lamp found in a cabin near
Mt. Dome in Shasta valley.
A peace officer's night
light, bulls eye lantern and
a folding lantern are dis
played as are a candle snuf
fer and candle stick holders
""-, II 'niltn tib of n.yo I ' . J,
:v p ,4H IS!
INDIAN PERIOD This exhibit at the Siski- the county. It is part of a scries of displays
you County museum in Yreka depicts the on the ground floor of the museum charting
era when Indians were the only occupants of seven district eras in the county's history.
Oregon Leads U.S. !n Freeway Miles Open to Traffic
With one section of Inter
state 5 opened last Wednesday
and another set for opening
on Dec. 20, Jackson county
has contributed toward mak
ing Oregon the nation's lead
er in percentage of interstate
freeway mileage completed
and opened.
The latest quarterly report
of the U.S. Bureau of Public
Itoads credits Oregon with
ti.V4 per cent of its interstate
system open to traffic, nearly
5 percentage points ahead of
second-place New York.
Of tlie T.2 miles planned as
Oregon's portion of the inter
state highway system, the re
port listed 212 miles as com-
, plcted and ready to handle
traffic volume expected m
1975.
Rated As Adequate
Another 205 miles of high
way in Oregon has been rated
as adequate for today s traf
fic. The report also lists one
mile of toll road - the Port-
' land-Vancouver and Umatilla
bridges between Oregon and
J Washington.
The report's data are based
; on progress through the
month of September this
j year.
I "By the lime the next qunr
I ter ends, the last of Decern-
bcr, we hope to add another
25 miles of completed free
way to our total." Forrest
Cooper, state highway engi
neer, said.
Nationally. 32 per cent of
the interstate system is open
to traffic. The entire 41.000
miles are scheduled for com
pletion in 1972. built to han
dle traffic volumes expected
in 1975.
TOPS PAYROLLS
I Salem - VPI' - Contract con
I struction workers topped in
! duslrial production payrolls
I in Oregon (luring September.
I the State Department of Em
! ployment reported.
.tm
2
i. eui nu, i,mi
ALL YOUR CHRISTMAS TOYS
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of brass and white enamel
One outstanding item is an
arm from the center chande
lier of old Union church,
built in Yreka on what is
now the northeast corner of
Oregon and Lane sts.
Progress developed from
the oil burning lamps to gas
lights generated by burning
pitch pine, to the first elec
tric light plant built in Yre
ka in 1891.
Following industry came
development, first of agricul
ture, then cattle raising and
lumbering.
Used Handmade Tools
With handmade tools, pio
neers tilled the soil, and grain,
fruit, vegetables and alfalfa
grew abundantly. The first
grain (oats) was planted in
Scott valley in 1851. The
orchard at Forest house on
the Ft. Jones rd., was the
largest in the state.
This section has on display
some of the handmade tools
used in agriculture.
Led by Ewing Young, the
first cattle drive through the
Siskiyou area reached the
south edge of Shasta valley
on the way to Oregon Sept.
12, 1837. Cattle became one
of the leading industries of
the county.
The exhibit shows early day
branding irons, rope made
from horse hair, and brands.
The first cattle brand record
ed in California was by Sam
uel B. Jackson in 1850.
James T. Loury was the
deputy recorder who drafted
the paper.
Lumber Industry Story
The story of the lumber in
dustry is one in which the ax
and the saw became compan
ions of the pick and shovel.
Sawmills were built, and by
1860 there were 30 of them
in the county. After the rail-1 Cloud Lumber company, and
roads were available, Siski- pictures of early logging, and
you county's lumber industry a set of logging wheels carved
began in earnest. by Bob Graham, former em
Specimens of lumber are ployee of Long Bell round
displayed, donated by the Mc- out the exhibit.
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