2 B
MONDAY. NOVEMBER 19. 1962
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGON
Chinese Attack on Indian Borders Causes People To Forget Differences
By PATRICK J. KILLEN i
United Press International
New Delhi (UPD The Com
munist Chinese attack across
India's borders accomplished
something 15 years ol parlia
mentary debates and hundreds
of laws failed to do. It united
this vast nation of 440 million
people for the first time since
independence.
As thousands of young Pun
jabis, Madrasis and Mahras
trains, forgetting ancient feuds
and regional loyalties, lined
up at army recruiting offices,
and thousands of women do
nated their gold bangles and
bracelets to the war effort,
many Indians found there
were other things than this
new-found unity to celebrate,
One was the dismissal of
Defense Minister V. K. Krish
na Menon, longtime advocate
of friendship with the Com
munists. Menon's fall from the
No. 2 position of power means
a probable swing from left to
center or moderate right tor
Indian policy.
Prospect of Closer Ties
Another was the prospect of
closer ties with the West and
fewer tics with Russia. Menon
and his supporters in the In
dian bureaucracy were known
for their bitter anti-Americanism.
When Peiping shattered
the "five principles of peace
ful co-existence" with its at
tack, India still counted on
Soviet and not Western help.
But Russia proved unwilling
to support a neutral nation,
no matter how friendly,
against a Communist state, no
matter how unfriendly.
Now India, in a reversal of
a long-standing policy, is re
ceiving U.S. and British weap
ons and probably will come
under a regular program of
Western arms aid.
The first reaction to the
Chinese attack last month was
shock and bewilderment. As
the Communist "human
wave" advance engulfed 2,000
square miles of Indian terri
tory and Inflicted thousands of
casualties, it appeared India
might not recover from the
shock.
Unite In Determination
But after a week, what the
Hindu nationalists had not
been able to accomplish since
1947 began to happen. Indians
in 21 states and territories,
people who speak more than
400 languages and dialects,
united in their determination
to "drive the invaders from
the sacred soil of India."
Even the Indian Commu
nists turned against the Chi
nese. They condemned their
fellow Communists as aggres
sors and approved shipments
of Western weapons to defeat
them. Dissenting Indian Com
munists, so - called "China
lobbyists," were arrested.
The border battlefronts are
hundreds of miles from In
dia's major cities, and New
Delhi and other population
centers do not look like they
are on a war footing. There
are no troops In the streets
and transportation is operal
ing normally.
Excitement In Slums
But there is excitement in
the slums of Old Delhi and in
the modern apartments in
New Delhi's diplomatic en
clave. Plodding Indians are
suddenly in a hurry to show
their patriotism, to give their
blood and blankets for the
embattled Jawans or soldiers,
and to enlist themselves.
Prime Minister Jawaharlal
Nehru's daughter, Mrs. Indira
Gandhi, led the drive to turn
in gold jewelry to pay for
weapons. She donated all she
had - more than $800 worth,
and Indian women with only
one anklet or bracelet follow
ed suit.
The government radio and
press carried countless reports
of the man in the street's re
sponse to the Chinese threat:
"Master Amarnath, age 10,
has given all the 110 rupees
($23) in his piggy bank to the
war effort . . . prisoners in
the Saurashtra jail offered to
give up one meal daily for the
duration."
Have Cause To Work
Indians now had a genuine
cause to work for. It suddenly
seemed unimportant that the
73-ycar-old Nehru might die
tomorrow. If he did, someone
else would take over - and it
wouldn't be Menon - with the
country's full support.
Diplomats and even some
realistic Indians tend to look
on the Chinese thrust as a
blessing in disguise for the
Indian economy, provided it
can be contained and docs not j
prove too great a drain for de
fense costs.
In the words of one econo
mist hore:
What worried me was that
Dennis the Menace
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'STRONG PATROL' LAUNCHED - An In
dian government spokesman announced in
New Delhi today that Indian troops have
launched a "strong patrol" against Commu
nist Chinese positions northwest of Walong
in the eastern portion of the Northeast Fron
tier Agency, shown on the newsmap. It is
reportedly the strongest Indian counter
attack made since the Red Chinese invaded
the Indian border Oct. 20. (UPI)
so many problems were clos
ing in on the Indian govern
ment at a time when there
was a reduced capacity to
make tough economic de
cisions. You had an aging Neh
ru, still weakened from last
spring's illness, you had in
fighting among the cabinet
members and a splintering of
Nehru's Congress party.
"It wasn't the sort of place
where dramatic economic ad'
vancement could take place
or even keep pace with the
past."
Now, despite the armaments
burden, the state of emergen
cy enables the government to
advance financially without
worrying about the political
implications.
Pork barrel items in the na-'
tlon's third five-year plan will
be eliminated. The emphasis j
will be on communications,
coal production and power de-1
velopment - ail essential for i
the war effort, but at the i
same time the very projects
India's friends have been urg-1
ing it to push for years.
With Menon gone from the
cabinet, another minister who
has been astride the Russian
tiger is having his troubles.
K. D. Malaviya, minister for ;
mines and fuel, is the man
who made India dependent on j
Russia for part of its oil sup
ply, and involved Soviet tech
nicians in the construction of
two important refineries.
May Lose Hit Job
Malaviya may lose his job
if Russia definitely takes sides
against India.
Indians have been taking
a look at some of their other
international friendships since
the crisis began. President
Carnal Abdel Nasser of the
United Arab Republic comes
in for the most criticism.
i ai me lime oi auez, we
I went down the line for Nas-
and Cairo is offering cease
fire plans - not support, or
ser," one Indian official said even much sympathy."
sadly. "Now we're in trouble. In contrast, the prompt ac
tion of the United States and
other Western powers in sup
plying arms has won thn
thanks of the government and
the gratitude of the public.
"When you're in trouble,
you know who your real
friends are," the official said.
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