Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989, October 17, 1962, Image 4

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    WEDNESDAY,
Medford&Jribunb
. '-Everyone in Southern Oregon
BeadTlieMailTribune"
Published Diiily ex'ccpf Saturday by
MEDFOHD PRINTING CO.
33 North Fir Jit., Ph.J772-8.41
ROBERT W. RUHL. Editor
FIERB GREV Advert. iing Manager
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ERIC W ALLEN JR., MriR. Editor
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V.ARRV PHIPMAN. Telea Editor
JUCHARD JEWETT. Sports Editor
OLIVE STARCHER Women's Editor
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ArT Independent' Ncwspn per
Entered aa second class matter at
Med lord, uregon. unaer tv ui
March 3, 18fJ7
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NATION A l
EDITORIAL
scAti3n
NEWSPAPER
SHERS
OCIATION
Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the tiles ot Th
Mall Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40
and 50 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
Oc. 17, 1952 (Friday)
Forests in, both Jackson and
Josephine counties will be
opened to non-permit hunting
by the foresters at noon Satur
day. The Mediord fire depart
ment is seeking a number of
well-qualified young men for
training as firemen.
20 YEARS AGO
Oct. 17, 1942 (Saturday)
Number of tourists visiting
Crater Lake National park up
63 per cent in 1942 over prev
ious year.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pot" column: "Italy
is now so weak militarily that
Premier MusBolini has not
sufficient strength left to stab
himself in the back."
30 YEARS AGO
Oct. 17, 1932 (Monday)
Number of voters register
ed for general election in
Jackson county totals 19,31 B;
Republicans lead Democrats,
12.114 to 6,501.
Women barred as jurors bs
"heart balm" case opens in
circuit court here.
40 YEARS AGO
Oct. 17, 1922 (Tuesday)
Mrs. Ella Short, wife of
man who installed first Med
ford water system in early
1880's, visits friends here.
Contracts let for construc
tion of new lime plant at Cold
Hill.
50 YEARS AGO
Oct. 17, 1912 (Thursday)
Fare from Medford to Jack
sonville on Rogue River Val
ley railroad increased to 25
ccnls each way from a quarter
round trip after auto stage
line goes out of business.
O. C. Stillman, Prohibition
candidate for U. S. senator
from this district, expresses
confidence that he will beat
incumbent W. C. Hawley.
Whal's Your I.Q.7
Nina or ton correct Is superior;
seven or eight Is excellent; five or
sii is good.
1. Which country Is estim
ated to have the greatest force
under arms today?
2. What is the last word in
the New Testament?
3. Correct the following sen
tence: "I wish one of my bro
thers wore coming."
4. What is the national
game of England?
5. Which two nationally ob
served holidays in the U. S,
always fall on the same clay
of Hie week.
6. In contract bridge, the
winning of two games by one
side constitutes a ?
7. What does the "A" stand
for in Thomas A. Edison?
8. Is the city of Adelaide In
Australia, or New Zealand?
. 0. The nickname 'The
Voice" has been applied to
which crooner?
10. Is copper, or silver, the
betler conductor of electric
ity? Answers: 1. Red China. 2.
Amen. 3. It is correct (sub
Junctive mood). 4. Cricket, 5.
Labor Day and Thanksgiving.
6. Rubber. 7. Alva. 8. Aus
tralia. 9. Frank Sinatra, 10.
Silver.
"HUNS" TRAFFIC LIGHT
Erie, Pa - (UPI - Police were
a bit dubious Tuesday night
when James Olds reported he
ran over a traffic light and
then they cheeked. Olds was
driving along a downtown
street when a stiff wind snap
ped guy wires supporting a
a traffic light which dropped
In the path of his car.
4 A
OCTOBER 17, 1962
The Mayor of Medford
Having the job of mayor of Medford is as
close as one can come to being "Mr. Medford."
The mayor is the chief representative of the
city on a multitude of ceremonial and official
occasions. He presides meetings of the city coun
cil, and in case of deadlock, his vote can break
a tie. He can veto council legislation.-
Perhaps the most important of all, however,
is his unique position of influence on his fellow
council members and on formulation of policy.
A good mayor can be a positive force for
good in a city. A mediocre mayor can harm a
city. A bad mayor can be a destructive force.
"THE last three mayors of Medford the late
Diamond Flynn, Earl Miller (now county
judge), and the incumbent, John Snider, have
set a remarkably high standard in this important
position. (We mention these three only, as they
are ones we have known as mayor. No derogation
of earlier mayors is intended.)
Each had his successes and his failures, but
each has commanded respect, if not always agree
ment, and each has exerted his influence for the
benefit of the community. The term of each has
been marked by progress and improvements. The
people of Medford have been well served.
Now tne time nas come to elect, a new mayor.
There are three candidates, all city councilmen.
WILLIAM Singler is a young man, ambitious
and with a desire for public service in an
office higher than that of city councilman.
He is, we believe, sincere and well-meaning.
But we believe he lacks the seasoning, and above
all the experience, for such an important position.
He has yet to complete one full term as a
member of the council. Our observations also in
dicate he lacks a thoroughly thought - through
philosphy of public service, and what the city
needs in coming administrations.
Certainly without animus of any kind, we sug
gest that he be passed by
future experience and added abilities may better
suit him for important elective position. But not
yet.
FRED Robinson cannot be faulted on exper
imtnn r at loact nn ilin nnnnrfnnltv tn crtlin
experience tor ne nas
Uther considerations,
challenge his qualifications for mayor.
He has, for one thing, the worst attendance
record of any member of the city council. In 1961,
he missed 9 of the 24 meetings, more than
twice as many as any other councilman. Up to
September of this year he had missed 6 of the 18
meetintrs. or one in three.
His inconsistency puzzles us. A few months
ago he resigned the job of council president
(whose sole job it is to preside in the absence of
the mayor), citing the press of business. Now he
is a candidate for mayor, a far more demanding
and time consuming job.
DOBINSON has not lived up to all the responsi
bilities of a city councilman, express or im
plied. In addition to his record of absenteeism,
he has refrained from voting on liquor license
applications, either for or
ligious convictions. Ihis
duty all councilmen have.
called upon for such decisions, and to cite religion
as an excuse smacks of the hypocritical.
Robinson, too, lacks a
ing city's needs. In a talk
his only platform was "cut taxes." Now this may
or may not be desirable and possible. But a shot
gun, tax-cutting approach, without careful
thought and speeitic proposals, could be serious
ly damaging. It is a disservice to Medtord citi
zens to talk about tax cuts without showing how
they can be made without crippling vital city
services. This is fiscal irresponsibility.
We hesitate to mention personality and speak
ing ability, but the fact is that a mayor is an of
ficial and ceremonial representative of the city,
and the impression he makes is important. A de
cision whether Robinson measures up in this
category is subjective. We do not believe he does.
COME now to James Dtinlevy, the third
candidate. In our view he excells either of
the other candidates in all categories in pub
lic and business experience, in knowledge of gov
ernment and its orderly workings, in courage in
holding and voicing opinions, in independence
from any special-interest groups, and in person
ality and the ability to represent the city.
He has served nearly six years on the council,
two of them as its president. He has the necessary
j long-range view of the city's problems, and a
I sound, practical and progressive approach to their
j solution. He has a long record of participation in
-other civic affairs.
; He is articulate, personable, well liked, and
I has a fine and subtle sense of humor, which often
is a saving grace in any public servent. He can
ho tough when he needs to be, and kindly when
I it is called for.
jCUMMIXG up:
We believe Bill Singler to be a fine young
j man, with opportunity for fine public service
before nun, but lacking the necessary maturity
and experience for the job of mayor.
We believe Fred Robinson to be unqualified
! for this office bv reason
! 1" . i I '.V'
uisiiuerest, sniihing oi lvsponsioiiuy, and kick
of any constructive program.
V'c believe Jimmy Dunlevy to be highly qual
ified for mayor, through experience, nersonality
and character. He would do a splendid job.
We strongly urge the election of Jimmy Dun
levy as mayor of Medford. E. A.
in this election. In the
long oeen a councilman.
nowever, lead us to
against, due to his "re
is simply shirking a
He knew he would be
long view ot this crow
the other day virtually
of absenteeism, frequent
i l ,
MEDFORD
Conscience Of
-MUSJueltlMs f
Gaxf Snoot Wr
... Communications ...
Letters to the Editor must bear the name and address of the writer, although under
certain circumstances the use of a pen na.ue or initial for publication is permissible
The Mail Tribune reserves the right to edit all letters with a view to clarification and
condensation, metiers suommea lor pumicanon must not exceed 400 words. The letters
printed in this column do sot necessarily represent the views of the paper; in fact the
contrary is often the case.
Translated
To the Editor: There was
more truth than poetry in the
923 M-T letter entitled "The
Dead Return" (Name on file).
The Bible is the best and per
haps the only authority we
can refer to on the deep things
of this life and our pre-earth
life, including our lives to
come, on both spiritual mat
ters and temporal also. And
they are so interwoven we
cannot separate them even
with our private interpreta
tions. Moses, the servant of God.
who had talked face to face
with God, died in the land of
Moab and was buried there by
God, but no one knew where
his grave was. (Dent. 34:5).
Jesus was the first to be res
urrected, so Moses must have
been translated, like Elijah,
who had been taken to Heav
en in a chariot. Both came to
Earth again and appeared to
the apostles and the Savior on
the mount of Transfiguration,
and restored the keys of the
gospel and ordinances of the
Church and kingdom of God
Jesus had established upon
the Earth, with Peter, James,
and John in the presidency.
(See Mat 16:19, and the Lord's
Prayer.)
In John 21:18, Jesus told
Peter by what death he should
glorify God, and the balance
of the chapter indicates John
would tarry upon the Earth
until the Savior conies again
in the millenium. This doc
trine is also clearly indicated
in Luke 9:27. It is evident
there was a better resurrec
tion or God would not have
revealed it to Paul. (Hcb.
11:35.)
The distinction is that when
a righteous man dies he goes
to his rest until the time of
the resurrection. But a trans
lated being will obtain deliv
erance from the tortures and
sufferings of the body. But
their existence will prolong
as to the labors and toils of
the ministry, and they cannot
enter into their rest and glory
until their bodies have under
gone a change equivalent to
death. Translated bodies arc
are designed for future mis
sions and power to bring souls
unto God, hence their betler
resurrections. (Compare Luke
22:28-30).
Gabriel, who was Noah on
Earth and translated, came
fruin the presence of God and
announced the coming birth
and mission of John the Bap
list and our Savior Jesus
Christ.
John F. Peterson,
Hll South Holly st.,
Medford.
Real News
To the Editor: The real
news story of the week, and
one that may very well be in
a class witli Typhoon Kriecla
when it comes to local devas
tation, is found in a compari
son of the current tax state
ments with those of last year.
Millage in Medford increased
from 857 to 933, which means
that real and personal prop
erly taxes increased 9 18 per
cent in real money.
The cost of running the City
of Medtord went up 8.1288
per cent over last year, and
School District 5-l!)C is to cost
9.75 per cent additional.
Hals off to the Medford
City Council for getting in its
bite before School District
549C stages its usual ".special"
election for additional funds
lo cover the cost of Us run
away empire building, and
also slugs us to bond a new
high school.
Possibly the candidates for
School District and Medford
offices would care to explain
why the cost of running these
enterprises increased so sud
denly and so dramatically,
and (in the ease of the School
District) why they never ask
the voters at a general elec
tion to approve a tmancial
measure, but always resort to
the additional expense of a
special election' These ex
planations miht aid those
few prejudiced subscribers
who decline to read or accept
MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD,
A Conservative
the editor's views on those
issues.
Hugh B. Collins,
107 East Main st.,
Medford.
Picking Wages
To the Editor: I see on TV
where the pear growers need
help, and paying 16c too.
We haven't got less than
17c working regular all
through the season. This last
wet week were getting 18c
with a bonus.
The growers should lose a
few crops. Maybe they'd wake
up. They don't have any place
for pickers to live, especially
a man with a family. But then
they don't want to hire a man
with a family, they'd rather
have wino's and Nationals.
There has been lots of white
help in this valley in the
three years I've lived here,
but they couldn't get a job if
they weren't a Mexican.
Then they don't want chil
dren in the orchard. Last year
my husband wasn't picking
fruit. I asked several people
for a job picking pears, but
they wouldn't hire a woman
by herself. I can pick pears
better than lots of men and
lop my own trees too. Several
women I know can too. If they
do have cabins they're too
small for a man with chil
dren. Then when you tell some
one you're picking pears they
look at you like you're a bum.
The people of this valley
should realize there's money
put in this valley by the pears
that wouldn't be there if there
weren't people to pick them
They should pay 20c a box
just regular so a man could
make a living. How many
years have they payed 16c?
How much more per box are
they getting than when they
started paying 16c?
And when it comes to prun
ing trees, my husband went
out by the tree, made $20 the
first day, then the second day
they told him he couldn't
make over $10. That's what
their hourly men made.
Looks to me like they'd
have been glad to get the
trees pruned as fast as pos
sible. You can go to Califor
nia and make $25 and $30
a day pruning and they don't
care.
It's their own fault they
don't have pickers in here. I
know from experience. Give
a pear picker a little of that
money they pay out in taxes,
maybe they'd have pickers.
Mrs. H. Humphrey '
Route 1, Box 434
Central Point, Ore.
Delinquency
To the Editor: There has
been a lot of discussion here
lately about juvenile delin
quents. My opinion is, we
should take a look at our
present laws.
I A boy can get a license to
drive a car at the age of 16,
but he can't legally buy a
cigarette. He is liable to the
draft at 18, but can't buy a
can of beer.
At 18 he begins to think
of himself as a man. but he
doesn't always know how to
1 act as one. That closes one
i source of supply but leaves
him two other sources of sup
ply, the bootlegger, or he can
steal them.
Maybe you can remember
how good those watermelons
tasted when they were stolen.
Also read the "Parable of the
tales."
W. R. White
P O. Box 20!)
White City, Ore.
Cuano Birds
To the Editor' A Capetown
friend sends writer clipping
that South Africa is Interest
ed in the guano island of
Juan de Nova o(f Madagascar.
Also that it is world's greatest
phosphate ferlilUcr deposit.
We of U S A. know its value.
We have bat-guano deposits
in our and Southwest. 1
OREGON
Communist Repressions and Propaganda
Fails to End Religious Observances
By PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign News Analyst
At the Roman Catholic
Church's Ecumenical Council
in Rome are some men who
daily have suf
fered persecu
tion for their
faith, and
sometimes im
p r i s o nment.
These men are
r e p r e senta
fives of the
"church of si
lence" behind
Newiom the Iron Cur
tain. That they are there at
all is proof both of their own
determination and of Commu
nist failure to stamp out re
ligion even after 45 years.
Two high officers of the
church are missing from the
Rome conclave. They are Jo-
When in Peru, writer saw
guano birds over Humboldt
current. Once we traveled for
hours parallel to a black rib
bon of comorants, other guano
birds. They were feeding on
Humboldt current's anchoives.
Writer's grandfather was
one of von Humboldt's young
students. He had the rare
faculty of getting oncoming
scientists lo pledge their lives
to overseas research. He as
signed Granddad to Mexico.
This became his dominant life
aim. He is buried in Mexico
City.
Von Humboldt, returning to
Europe, preached "Peru
guano can save from starva
tion overpopulated Europe."
Ships soon rounded the Horn
in fabulously profitable com
merce. Deposits approached
exhaustion. Birds ruthlessly
were slaughtered. Then one
leader, a Peruvian scientist of
vision, forced enactment of
conservation legislation.
Now guano birds have come
back. Peru's taxpayers again
find burdens lightened be
cause our overpopulated
world needs fertilizer.
C. M. Goethe
3731 Tea st.
Sacramento 16, Calif.
Fine Young Man
To the Editor: Let me admit
right at the start that I am
prejudiced on behalf of our
congressional candidate, Carl
Fisher. I've been working for
him for several months now
and am thoroughly convinced
he is one of the finest young
men Oregon has ever had in
politics.
Although there may have
been some who were surprised
at his effectiveness when he
debated Bob Duncan, I think
you should know there were
many of us in that audience
who were not surprised.
Carl Fisher has been cam
paigning in this area since
early summer and a lot of us
have heard him speak at
coffees and other such func
tions. We knew he was good.
We knew him to be a man of
mature judgment, deep con
victions and rare ability. And
that's why we were so glad
the general public had an op
portunity to learn this wU
ahead of the election. The
League of Women Voters are
to be commended.
Bob Balk
1608 Lcnora dr.
Medford.
Crossing Danger
To the Editor: The railroad
crossing on the Table Rock
road in the White City area
has been termed extremely
hazardous by residents and
tourists crossing the area.
A logging train crosses the
area approximately twice
daily. There are no signal
lights, bells or stop signs. The
train in no way gives anv
warning to approaching the
crossing.
A serious accident occurred
at the crossing approximately
two years ago. The driver nar
rowly escaped death. His
truck was totally demolished.
Two near accidents have
been noted and many more
probable ones.
In foggy weather one can
not even sec an on-coming
train. A red-flashing unit
could be installed and trig
gered by the approaching of
the train. Signal lights have
been installed in many areas
where they have proved out
to not be needed.
This crossing is used by the
public. It is in one of our
State park areas that is in
constant use.
Area residents and people
vacationing here have noted
ine cianger involved and urge
ini io me auenuon oi ootn
fore lives are lost at this
crossing. This definitely
should be included In our safe
ty program.
Dot Simmons
606 Valley View dr.,
Medford. (
J'" "X- '
seph Cardinal Mindszenty of
Hungary, now in refuge at the
U. S. legation in Budapest,
and Archbishop Josef Beran
of Czechoslovakia, confined
since 1949 for his refusal to
take the Communist oath of
allegiance.
A survey of the state of re
ligion in the European Iron
Curtain countries just has
been published by Radio Free
Europe.
The survey points out that
the churches remain the only
organized bodies in Eastern
Europe which are not directly
controlled by the Communist
parties, and as such promote
the only rival ideology to com
munism.
They remain remarkably
strong despite an unremitting
campaign by Communist gov
ernments, ranging from a
spider's web of legal restric
tions and arrests of priests to
the scientific teaching of athe
ism. Here is a rundown:
Soviet Union: The Commu
nist party newspaper Pravda
recently admitted "atheist
education" has had no im
pact on "the hard core of be
lievers." Estimates which may
be too high place the number
of persons belonging to vari
ous religious faiths in the So
viet Union at 93 million -
roughly 43 per cent of the
population.
Bulgaria: Bulgarians tra
ditionally are stubborn ad
herents to the Eastern Ortho
dox Church, and Christmas
and Easter find churches and
nearby streets and squares
crowded. Almost all rural
marriages are concluded in
church.
Czechoslovakia: The anti-religious
campaign has had con
siderable success among
In the Day's News
By FRANK JENKINS
The news?
It's tragic.
As this is written, 18 per
sons are known to have died
in Oregon as a result of the
worst windstorm in the state's
history. It is regarded as prob
able that Wnen the figures are
all in the total will be still
higher.
Eighteen Californians arc
known to have died and, as
in the case of Oregon, it is ex
pected that the final total will
be higher.
Estimates of property dam
age m Oregon run as high as
$170 million. No estimates of
total property damage in Cali
fornia are yet available.
11HE SMALL Business Ad-
ministration has applied
its distaster area designation
to portions of Oregon, Wash
ington and California.
This designation will permit
home owners, business con
cerns and various other enter
prises whose property has
been damaged to apply at
Small Business Administra
tion offices for recovery loans
carrying an interest rate of
3 per cent and payable over
a period as long as 20 years.
In Qregon, Governor Hat
field says: "Uncle Sam isn't
going to come out here with a
suitcase full of money. Ore
gonians are displaying their
pioneer spirit. Oregon is on
its way back."
THAT'S the good old Oregon
spirit, Governor.
Back in our territorial days,
Oregon's motto was "Alis
Volat Proprils" "She Flies
With Her Own Wings."
This motto was never adopt
ed by the STATE of Oregon,
but I think we can all say
proudly that it is STILL the
motto of Oregon's people.
yHAT happened to us?
' We seem to have been
caught in the tail-end of a
typhoon.
THE VIOLENT tropical cy
A clones that sweep over the
Pacific Ocean from the Phil
ippine Islands to Japan and
the coast of China are called
"typhoons." Similar storms
are called hurricanes in the
West Indies and the eastern
part of the United States.
Typhoons usually occur
during A u g u s t, September
and October. They begin in
the low latitudes of the North
Pacific, move northwest and
then turn northeast. (This one
seems to have been a maver
ick. It failed to delay its nor
mal turn to the northeast long
enough to lose its destructive
force before arriving on our
coast.)
The books add that ty
phoons travel slowly, but i
great damage is done by the
violent, gusty winds within
the circle of their influence.
An idea of their destructive
power can be gleaned from
the fact that last week end
15,000 telephones were out of
commission in Oregon, and
the Pacific Bell Company was i
rushing a 42-car TRAIXLOAD
of new equipment into the i
. state to repair the damage
I GRIM thought:
Could
old Mother
Na-
tore have been giving us a
little sample of how terrible
it would be if someday some
body is foolish enough to loose
nuciear warfare on this ojirth?
young people. But the news
paper Nova Svoboda has com
plained more and more church
members are ready to turn 10
per cent of their income over
io the church.
East Germany: After erec
tion of the Berlin wall in
August 1961, the Communists
redoubled their efforts to
split the German Evangelical
Church into east and west.
The effort so far has failed. A
Protestant official estimated
that 60 per cent of the young
people in East Germany at
tend church.
Hungary: The regime rec
Try and Stop
By BENNETT CERF
A LASS FROM County Cork emigrated to Boston and
married a man who was a longtime fugitive from Alco
holics Anonymous. She wrote home to tell about her hus
band's drinking habits
but her parents could
make neither head nor
tall of the American
slang she had picked up.
The next spring her.
brother came over to New
Ynrlf anH ran intrt o I
Army parade on his way
from the docks. He point
ed to a huge, lumbering
armored vehicle, and said,
"What's that?" His guide
said proudly, "That's one
of our new super-tanks."
"Glory be," gasped the
Irishman. "Me sister's married to one of them!"
Mrs. Lazar was standing in the lobby of her Park Avenue
apartment house when the elevator disgorged a lady wearing a
hat identical to hers. Mr, Lazar, acutely conscious of his wife'i
reaction, sighed deeply and commented, "Now 1 suppose I'll have
to treat you to a new hat." "Well," snapped Mrs. Lazar, "that
would certainly be cheaper than moving!"
Classified ad in a Sacramento newspaper: "Lost a pair of
unusually thick glasses. Will the finder please advertise in VERY
LARGE PRINT."
A wise word of caution from Vince Rivers: "That argument
you won from your wife isn't over yet!"
1962, by Bennett Cert Distributed by King Features Syndicate
Strictly Personal
By Sydney
(c) Field Enterprise!, Inc.
ON BECOMING HUMAN
The great difference be
tween all the rest of the ani
mal world and mankind has
nothing to do
i or me aoimy
environment,
m.i i-
j foundly and
t.-ipinniT.. j:t
Harm ferent is that
becoming "human beings" is
not natural to us; it is a life
long task, requiring constant
diligence, practice, and sacri
fice. It means surmounting
ourselves.
Ortega y Gasset, one of the
seminal thinkers of our time,
has put it well in his long
essay, "Many the Technician."
He points out that "to all
other entities of the universe,
existence presents no prob
lem ... A bull, if he exists,
exists as a bull."
On the contrary, "for a
man to exist does not mean
to exist at once as the man
he is, but merely that there
exists a possibility of, and
an effort toward, accom
plishing this. Who of us is
all he should be and all he
long lo be? In contrast to
the rest of creation, man, in
existing, has io make his
existence."
What each of us calls
"my life," Ortega says, it a
pure task, "a thino inexor
ably to be made. It is not
given to me as a present;
I have to make it."
It is only in the light of
this concept which I be
TX'l with the op
f po,a bl e
. thumb, the
V gift of speech,
1 -
slit
V 1!
"I don't know If it's called i sheath or a shift, but
il's definitely designed for fall nighti she's carrying
a burning torch . ." J f
ognizes the strong religious
feeling of the majority and
has hesitated to clamp down
too hard. Efforts to substitute
atheist forms for weddings,
christenings and funerals have
had little success.
Poland: Church situation
has worsened steadily in past
few years but still is best of
all Communist bloc countries.
Church attendance considered
better than in pre-war days.
Romania: Older persons ap
pear to be immune to atheist
propaganda, although it is
showing some effects among
teen-agers.
J. Harris
lieve to be a true one
that much of human beha
vior and human history can
be understood. For most of
what we call "human his
tory" consists in the refusal
to be human.
Wars, tyrannies, persecu
tions, corruptions these
are the traditional ways in
which societies as a group
resist humanization. On the
personal level, we as indi
viduals resist it by indulg
ing in our appetites as ends
in themselves, and not mere
ly as a means to a human
end.
We will do anything rather
than become fully human, be
cause it is the hardest job we
can imagine. Unlike the bull,
who is fixed for all time in
his bullishness, we have an
immense capacity to rise
above the biological and the
appetitive; but this task fright
ens us, and we retreat into
passion and prejudice, as the
Germans under Hitler cast off
a thousand years of Christian
ity and withdrew into the zo
ological slime.
Man is not a "natural" cre
ature in the sense that all
others are. His existence is
problematic; he is a set of
possibilities, ranging from be
low the bestial to nearly the
angelic. Man is what he does.
And his whole life is a pro
gram for action: to find those
possibilities which most fully
express his human condition.
History, whether in Munich
or in Mississippi, reveals how
mankind shrinks away from
becoming human. It is easy
for us to believe in God; what
is hard, devilishly hard, for
for most people Is to believe
in humanity.