WEDNESDAY.
MedfordJI&&Tribuni
rEverybnetirsoutherirdregon
Retda The Mail Tribune'
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ME or CIRCULATIONS
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ATES Offlcea In New York, Chi
cago Detroit. San Franclco. Los
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NATIONAL fOITOIAl
Flight o' Time
Medio, d tnd Jackson County
History from the, flies of Tht
Mail Trlbun. 10, 20, 30, 40
nd 50 vein ago.
10 YEAR8 AGO
Oel. 10, 1952 (Friday)
A bankruptcy petition lilcd
In Portland today by Rogue
Valley Broadcasting, Inc., op
erators of now-silent radio
station KWIN, In Ashland.
A 56-year-old transient died
shortly after he was struck by
an 81-car freight train on
South Central avc. last night.
20 YEARS AGO
Oct. 10, 1942 (Saturday)
State highway crew discov
ers skeleton hidden In cliff
near Copco dam in Prospect
area.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pol" column: "The
cigarette tax confronts the
voters on the November Dai-
lot. Citizens are urged to light
t t,nl -nl)H 1j)Uf & PheW Oi
tobacco and take a pinch ot
snuff before acting hastily on
the matter."
30 YEARS AGO
Oct. 10, 1932 (Monday)
Medford woman dies of
burns suffered when she faints
and falls over hot electric
heater.
Jackson County Civic
league organized to defend
18th amendment against "an
nulment or mutilation."
40 YEARS AGO
Oct. 10, 1922 (Tuesday)
Bears raid storehouses at
headquarters area of Crater
Lake National park; some 100
pounds of fresh meat "and
other goodies" stolen.
Jackson County Fair associ
ation directors report profit
of more than $4,000 lor 1022
fair.
50 YEARS AGO
Oct. 10. 1912 (Thursday)
Ashland group organize
"George W. Dunn Club of
Jackson County to drive pi
rates, grafters and thieves
from vaults of county"; mem
bers of club denounce Med
ford. Planned closure of historic
Bcckman bank In Jacksonville
announced in large feature
story In Portland paper,
Whal's Your I.Q.?
Nine er leu cerrac! It superior;
seven er tie. hi it esctlUnt; five er
til it feed.
1. Is the g pronounced like
a ) In "dinghy' and "dingy"?
2. Which has been generally
held to be the most magic and
the most sacred number?
3. Is It possible for Ice lo at
tain a temperature lower than
freezing?
4. Anlioch. Iconlum, Lystra,
and Derbe belonged in Paul's
day to which province?
3. Is Dutchman's Pipe the
name of a musical Instrument,
large leaved vine, or beer
stein?
6. Name Hie first President
to live in the White House.
7. Did the kindergarten sys
tem of education for young
children originate In Russia.
Germany, or the U. S.?
8. The pioneers of Ulah
were saved from the ravages
of grasshoppers bv what kind
of bird?
9. Informal dances, an in
gredient used In brewing, and
the leaping of frogs are all
called what?
10. Should "honorable"
when used as part of a title
be capitalized?
Antwerti 1. No, only In
dingy. 2. Seven. 3. Yet. 4,
Calatia. 5. Vine. I. John
Adams. 7. Germany. (. Gull.
9. Hops. 10. Yet.
jfl" VNIWIAI
ySSgSV PUtlHIt
Vi-A$soeiAtioN
OCTOBER 10. 1962
War With Cuba?
Should we go to war to wipe out the Castro
reeime in Cuba, and to end the Russian build-up
of military equipment
the risk of nuclear war,
far more serious Berlin
another sticky crisis?
Or should we confine
short of war; measures
we are, first, a peaceable nation; but, second,
refuse to be pushed around unduly? Should we,
in doing so, seek the active cooperation of other
American states according to treaty?
Or should we simply
ation, hoping that it will
TO those who have been justifiably concerned
over these questions we commend the com
ments of Walter Lippmann elsewhere on this
page today. Mr. Lippmann, probably the most
detached and coolest of
ers, has a knack of going to the heart of a matter,
citing pertinent material, and making what was
obscure and hazy seem obvious.
He says in conclusion:
"In the Cuban question the facts do not now com
pel a decision to go to war and there is no evidence
whatsoever that war is inevitable and that It should
therefore be engaged in at once."
The case he makes is a good one.
ASTRO Cuba is a nuisance; it is a potential
danger; it is an aggravation and (as Eric Sev
areid will point out on this page Sunday) a fla
grant effort at hemispheric subversion and an
exercise in human misery.
It should be watched. Measures short of war
are appropriate.
But it is not yet a situation calling for extreme
measures.
Lippmann's quotation from Winston Chur
chill bears repeating:
". . . How many wars have been averted by
patience and persistence and good will . . . How
many wars have been precipitated by fire
brands!" E. A.
Rain!
No sooner do we sit clown to do a nostalgic
piece about the coming of the "good gray rain,"
a la Ben Hur Lampman, then the heavens open
and a deluge arrives.
This may be overdoing, just a bit, the com
ing, of the rainy season, but still the pounding
of rain on the roof and the gurgling of water
in thn rlnumcnroitc io . irr,l,,mn nun Trf -ivlt,
. , , '
JL VI 111 L IJtlOUIl
tough for the loggers to
such a good, soaring rain a happenstance which
displeases us not at all.
But it's mighty rough on the fruitgrowers.
If all goes as it should, we'll still have weeks
of crisp, golden fall weather some think it the
loveliest time of all in the Rogue valley but
meanwhile, welcome to
galoshes. E. A.
Fluoridation Decision
We had not planned to get too furiously in
volved in the fluoridation issue in Medford this
coming election. We still don't, for we do not
consider it to be of overriding importance.
However, we hate to see so much scare-type
misinformation being thrown around over what
should be decided on
And the merits of the case, as far as fluorides
are concerned, have been about as solidly estab
lished as any science-health matter ever has
including vaccinations, chlorination, or ingrown
toenails.
The safety and efficacy of controlled amounts
of fluorides in water as a dental health measure
is, as a matter of fact, better established than the
safety of insecticides or the effects of air pollution.
THIS was brought to mind the other day
column by the distinguished medical col'
ist, Dr. Walter Alvarez, whose writings appear
in the Mail Tribune.
In his column of last Friday he had this to say:
An important legal decision was hiintlcrl down re
cently in Chicago, one of the largest cities in the world
to have a fluoridated municipal waler supply. This
decision ends a six-year legal battle during which 51
hearings were held and 2,930 pages of testimony were
taken down. The objectors were given every chance
to have their say.
In his decision Chief Justice Samuel B. Kpsteln of
the Superior Court agreed with the recommendation
of the Master In Chancery, Mayer Goldberg, who said
that most of the points raised by the plaintiffs were
"trifling minutiae which cannot change the obvious
and inevitable conclusion presented by t lie defendants'
experts; namely that there is a substantial reduction
in tooth decay resulting from fluoridation of the do
mestic waler supply to the optimum standard of one
part per million. This conclusion is fortified by the
plaintiffs' own experts."
Tile Master In Chancery said that fluoridation is not
medication in the generally accepted sense because all
that is done is lo add to the w-ater the same chemical
which ground water naturally contains In a few thou
sand cities of this land. The final conclusion was that
"fluoridation is a reasonable measure which will have
a wholesome effect upon the general public health by
accomplishing a substantial reduction of dental caries."
Tills decision, which was reached by a disinterested
Judge after reviewing six years of testimony, should
go far now to clear up the doubts that some puzzled
people have had in their mind.
This, of course, won't convince, or even moll
ify, the "violent opponents" of fluoridation.
But it might tend to remove any worries that:
level-headed but uninformed people may have
had about the issue. E. A. I
and technicians even at
ana at a time wnen tne
situation is building to
ourselves to measures
designed to prove that
ignore the Cuban situ
go away
all Washington observ
, -
iV V- 1 I 1 1MVJ VI . it '-.y
burn their slash after
raincoats, umbrellas and
the merits of the case.
ay by a
lumn-
MEDFORD
"On Your Toes, Now! I Want All Of You
Clean And Fit"
... Communications ...
Letter! lo the Editor must bear the name and address of the writer, although under
certain circumstances the use of a pen na.ue or initial for publication it permissible
The Mail Tribune reserves the right to edit all letter! with a view to clarification and
condensation. Letlert submitted for publication must not exceed 400 wordt. The letters
printed in this column do not necessarily represent the viewt of the paper; in fact the
contrary is often the case.
Silly, Isn't It?
To the Editor: Two years
ago when Sacramento had
Fluoridation on their ballot it
was defeated. The equipment
cost estimated by the water
department was $158,000, an
nual cost tor fluoridating
$75,000 (higher taxes and
higher rates) while fluoride
could be purchased at a drug
store as easy as vitamins for
a few cents per month). Does
a SO per cent benefit of vs of
the population (children under
12) warrant expenditures with
no benefit and possible harm
to the other Vs of the popula
tion? The statement that 1644
communities with population
of 33,418,779 have adopted
fluoridation is incorrect. Only
5 per cent of them according
to the proponents themselves
(Public Health reports. May
'57) have a chance to vote; the
remaining 33 million are
forced to drink it by decision
of their municipal govern
ment. Taxation without rep
resentation. Is thai American?
Dr. Gerald Cox of Pitts
burgh, who travels extensive
ly to promote Fluoridation,
carries bottled spring waler
for himself (Prevention, Fen
HI).
In Newburgh, N.Y., one of
the first test stations, one of
the prominent members of the
Dental Society dismissed the
effects of fluoridation by offer
ing his personal experience
that one of his five children
was born when the study was
just under way 8 years before.
"yet he has the worst decay of
all my five kids." Another
said, "I am still seeing a lot
of children with decay, es
pecially in the number of
children ages 2 and 3."
Eminent scientists havei
stated that anyone drinking
water with sodium fluoride
with even 1 ppm over a period
of one year will never be the
same physically or menially.
II. Trendly Dean. "Father of
fluoridation," had to admit
under oath in Chicago that
his findings were invalid.
Manuafacturcrs of baby food
refuse to put it in their prod
ucts, but dig their own deep
wells for pure water. Their
chemists know it is not fit for
anyone, much less babies.
"The Crime of the Century,"
by Campbell.
Take their word for it;
Artificial Fluoridation is not
a health measure, it is a
political issue. (Sept. HUH
issue of the American Denial
Association Journal.)
H you can drink a deadly.
corrosive nmson in such small
quantities that it can t pos
sibly hurt you." how on earth
can it possibly help you ? Silly!
Isn't it
Mrs, F.rnesl Sahlo
204 Lozicr Lane
Medford
Red Plot
To the Editor: In answer to
Mr. David P. Engleson, M.I'.
Oct. 5. would like to stale
thai the American Medical
Association has not. as an or -
ganmition. actually endorsed
fluoridation. Forth e r in o r e.
not one of the people or or-
ganizations who urge you to
fluoridate your water has
ever offered lo assume any
j of the responsibility for the
; consequences, or has any in
j tention of being held liable
for possible damage lo thc
public's health. It should be
obvious that such irresponsi
ble endorsements are utterly
worthless.
As for the many "reputable
organizations" professing to
endorse fluoridation not be
ing Communist infiltrated, ex
perts like Herbert Philhrick,
Matl fvctic, and J. Edgar
Hoover constantly warn us
that the warp and woof of j
our entire nation is infiltrated
right down to our churches j
and P.T.A. groups, either by Denial Committer on Lvalua
Rrds or fellow travelers, who lion of Fluoridation, sponsor-
MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD.
employ countless dupes,
stooges, and "Do-Gooders" to
do their dirty work for them.
And remember, the Reds
do want a heavily fluoridated
America, for it places in their
hands a terrible psychological
weapon. Should our cold war
turn hot, mere rumors plant
ed by enemy agents that the
supply of sodium fluoride poi
son on hand had been dump
ed into our water supplies
would produce a panic strick
en population fran t i c a 1 1 y
fighting to escape, paralyzing
our economy and our defense.
Are the results of fluorida
tion "absolutely free from ad
verse effects", as Mr. Engle
son so emphatically states?
There is plenty of evidence
that deaths from heart dis
eases, kidney diseases, pre
mature births, diarrhea, etc.,
have soared frighteningly in
fluoridated areas. The U.S.
Public Health Service, itself,
admits that up to 20 per cent
fluorosis is to be expected.
This ugly discoloration of the
tcctli is a symptom of chronic
fluoride poisoning.
How sold on fluoridation
Is Mr. Engleson? How sure is
he that there will be no ad
verse effects? It is a violation
of both moral laws and ethics
lo bluff or guess pertaining
to death dealing diseases. If
he is as sure of himself as he
sounds in his letter, will he
and his Committee for Better
Dental Health, personally, be
willing to assume full respon
sibility and financial liability
for any provable tragic health
effects on the people of Med
ford from fluoridating their
water supply?
Tonv Galli.
1720 S.W. Bridge,
Grants Pass. Ore.
Refutation
To the Editor: How pleased l,,e """"' -"'
a lot of us were when L. C. Quoting Fanchon Battellc.
Powell expressed what more I thc man wno lcd ,hc success
or us felt should be said in 1 battle against fluoridation
refutation of the reprint edi-1 ln LonS Bcach- California,
toriai quoting Edward P. Mor- j" "Dental Caries' is a front1 to
gan on fluoridation of public ! conceal thc devilish machina
drinking water. Records show tions of a handful of evil con
that over a hundred Amcri- spirators. This statement is
can cities led unwittingly into1
the trap rejected and ousted
it with anger when the grave
truth become known to them.
A greater than Edward P.
Morgan, Benjamin Franklin
by name, said. "Experience
is a dear school, but
will learn in no other
tools
Far
orj
! be it from us to think or
intimate thai Medford voters
I w-ouid allow themselves to be
! included in that class, and
j that is the reason we are con
i "rt-n' ' Wl11
I 11,(1 ballot.
get the X on
; May we inserl a quola giv
i ing the words of Hon. Walter;
S. Baring of Nevada in the;
i House of Representatives.
Sept. 27. 1961 on the subject.
"Keep Public Drinking Water
Pure '' The then Secretary of
Health. Education, and Wei-
fare Arthur S. Flemming, in
1 ordering the discontinuance
,"' 11,(1 'sc l,f stilbcslrol and
! 111,1 cranberry weed killer,
! slated "While the argument
' K,,mS "' 'he consumer
Miiuuo uoi, in cueci. oe asKeo
to serve as a guinea pig. The
. consumer should never be
asked to take a risk of this
kind." I subiml, continues
Hon. B.inng. that this is Ihe
kind of action the Nation is
entitled to in the case of
f luoridal ion, especially when
there are scientists of the
Nobel award slature who
question Ihe safety of fluori
dating public waler supplies.
The Association of American
Physicians and Surgeons, com-
posed of over 20.000 members
of the AM A , condemned
mass medication, including
fluoridation, and Ihe use of
public waler supply as a e-
hide for drugs. The Medical
OREGON
Americans
Own High
By PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign Newt Analyst
American military advisers
departed from Laos this week,
victims of their own high
ideals, defeat
ed by a way
of life under
stood too late.
It had been
the American
belief that,
given the aid
( approximate
ly $300 mil
lion since
1955) and
Newiom
their soldiers the proper tools
the Laotians themselves
would rise up in defense of
their reedoms and turn back
a Communist tide sweeping
down from the north.
But it was a belief that
reckoned without the people
of this lotus-eating land of
Buddhist temples, flame trees,
palms, rice-paddies and day
dreams.
A gun in his hand gave the
Laotian no will to kill, nor
to defend his land, of which
ed by over 1600 physicians
dentists, and scientists, have
critically studied the fluori
dation proposal and have
shown that it is not safe, that
its efficacy has not been dem
onstrated. They have also
shown many reasons why pro
longed intake of fluoride may
lead to serious chronic condi
tions for some people.
Fluoridation runs counter
to the historic policy of the
medical profession in main
taining the doctor-patient re
lationship. Because of the
very important fact that each
individual reacts differently
to medication, only a phys
ician can determine when
fluoride administration should
be reduced or terminated. End
quote from Hon. Walter S.
Baring (Congressional Record,
Oct. 1961).
H. R. Bulman,
Route 4, Box 316A,
Medford.
Poison Plan
To the Editor: How naive
can Mr. Kicth Shercr DC?
(Comm. 10762). For years
the Communists have been
winning all over the world
without a single major set
back. If they plan to take
over America by poisoning
our water, docs Mr. Sherer
think they wouldn't have a
carefully worked out plan of
distributing enough poison to
our water reservoirs to pros
trate every fluoridated city in
America? Doesn't he know
that the Communists don't
want America torn to pieces
by nuclear bombs? That they
want it just as is, with all its
fabulous, untold wealth' in
tact? That this is why the
"poison plan" appeals to
them? And that their only
.Uu u, , a ..,,,.,
Proved by evidence. My re-
rch is detailed and far -
reaching, covering a period of
many years and many coun
tries, human monsters in the
guise of scientists, and Un
American ideology. Thc forth-
! lr you progress ln your stuoy ,
' 'his program the more
inspect you will be of its mo
tives, for it contains thc el- i
mcnts of a Frankenstein." !
Friends and neighbors of !
Medford. are you going to j
! vole this Frankenstein inlo !
existence right in your home
L. E. Barber ,
504 N. W. Second St.,
Grants Pass. Ore.
'
Voc' Minority
To the Editor: ln answer to
. the article by David Engleson
! in thc Oct. 5 Medford Mail
! Tribune. 1 submit the follow
ing' "ln thc year ending Sep
tember. 1961. 2.500.000 water
users in 43 out of 56 cities,
rejected fluoridation with lit
tle more than about 50. 000
having accepted.
"An article appearing in a
. recent medical publication
confirms that damage to bones
can result from fluoride
which occurs in natural water
at a level as low as R parts
per million. The U.S. Public
! Health Service claims on one
hand that no harm can result
fit.:" natural fluoride water
as high as w piu hc.' mil-
lion, yet they require many ;
communities where this oc-,
curs to reduce the fluoride j
content when it exceeds 15,
parts per million or abandon
(he source of supply. This
clearly demonstrates that the!
U.S. Public Health Service I
Leaving Laos, Defeated by
Ideals and Laotian Apathy
there always had been plenty,
nor to preserve a way of life
which always had existed and
always would. .
American advisers were con
vinced that man-for-man the
American-trained Laotian
forces were the equal of the
Pathet Lao "led by the Red
Prince Souphanouvong.
But with disaster closing in,
the Americans could advise
but not command.
The Communist leadership
operated under no such handi
cap. Communist North Vict Nam
poured in 10,000 hardened
and trained Viet Minh troops
to support the Pathet Lao.
And, if defense of freedom
would not induce a man to ,
fight, the Communists had
other arguments vouched for
by Americans who saw them
in action.
The Viet Minh permitted
the Pathet Lao no retreat. An
advance involved the risk of
being shot. Retreat made it a
certainty.
In the final days of frus
tration, just before the Gen
eva agreement which declar
ed Laos neutral, this corres
pondent talked with Ameri
can military men in Laos, as
well as with ambassadors and
government officials of neigh
boring Thailand.
Officially, there was guard
ed optimism that Laos could
become truly neutral. Private
ly, most expressed grave
doubts.
Foreign Minister Thanat
Khoman of Thai said it was
only a lesser of evils, and that
if neutrality worked at all, it
only would be because the
United States and Russia
guaranteed it. Of this, too, he
expressed grave doubts.
Only Russia, he said, could
guarantee withdrawal of the
10,000 Vict Minh troops, and
he doubted that Russia could
force its will upon Red China.
The control commission has
recorded the departure of
more than 800 Americans
from Laos. It has no similar
record of the Viet Minh who
now are free to join the fight
in South Viet Nam or move
against the border of Thailand
for a new campaign of sub -
version and infiltration.
itself realizes that the margin
of safety is either narrow or
non-existant.
"Approximately some 60
million people have rejected
fluoridation, including those
in 100 cities which discon
tinued it after trial because
of damage to health and
property.
"Our citizens have certain
fundamental and constHi
tional rights. These rights
must be expressed.
"First. The right of every
citizen to a water supply free
from any drug or chemical
not required for the purifica
tion thereof.
"Second. The right of every
citizen lo a freedom of choice
in matters concerning his
health, so long as this choice
does not infringe on thc
rights of others.
"Third. Thc right of (he
professional person, particu
larly the physician and den
tist and scientist, to investi
gate and to speak freely ac
cording to conscience without
fear of censure and or re
prisal." The above statistics and
siotuiut-iiio nic Hum a ,"iiiTll. 4, mo nf nA,. 1 :
1 ,
by Hon. w. S. Baring on
Keeping Public Drinking
Water Pure," which appeared
in tlie Oel. 16. 1061. Congres
sional Record. According to
available slatisties. it is quite
clear that it is a very vocal
minority that is interested in
trying to force fluoridation
on an apathetic majority.
V. L. Armstrong.
714 Park St.,
Medford
Cheaper in Milk
To the Editor: According to
a clipping cut from Mail Trib
une it would be cheaper to
give children fluoride in milk
than through the city water
supply, according to the Ne
braska Testing Laboratories.
Of $30,000 spent on fluori
dation of Omaha water supply
only $2 would be utilized by
children. The balance would
be wasted in watering yards,
washing cars and all other
non-drinking uses for waler.
The chemist said local dairies
could out fluoridated milk on!8' weapons, could dispose of
the market at little extra cost Cuba in a few hours. Is the ! seek sharp and clear-cut solu
Extensive research by den-ibuildup 10 invad(1 Latin tions of difficult and obscure
tal scientists have proved that! AlTruan nc,'Shbor- Concciv problems, who are ready to
tootli riceav is caused bv a su-1 ably' b"! "'-v cMn w,'r(1 ' isl" whenever some chal
perabundance of sugar' Tests ! prcpa,rcd '"rhc enormous lenge comes from a foreign
on 1.300 people bv the Culver-! Pumsh'" that would fol- power, have not always been
sity ot California achieved an
80 per cent reduction in den-
la, canes when fed a high-pro-
tent, low sugar diet for
year.
By the way. how much
would it cost lo fluoridate all
thc
ford
city w aler used in Med-
,,., u, ur.-iiin.,.
Tins would, of course, increase
our taxes.
Mrs C. M Macabre
2014 Lozier Lane,
Medford
Today & Tomorrow
By Walter Lippmann
Id New York Herald Tribune Syndicate
ON WAR OVER CUBA
On the question of going to
war over Cuba (by blockade
or invasion) we now have
a summary oi
the intelli-1
gence findings
on w n i c n
the Adminis-
tration is act-
ing. These
facts explain
the P r e s i-
dent's decision
to confine!
himself at this
Lippmann
time to measures which are
short of war. The facts were
put on the record last Wed
nesday, Oct. 3, before the
House Select Committee on
Export Control by Mr. George
Ball, the Undersecretary of
State.
This intelligence estimate is
based on an elaborate system
of surveillance by sea, by air,
and by land, and there is
every reason to think that its
accuracy is very high, for
Cuba is an island easily with
in reach of the Navy and the
Air Force, and with modern
apparatus of electronic and
photographic intelligence, lit
tle of military interest can
happen without our knowing
it.
We do not have to guess
about what is being landed at
the Cuban ports or about what
is being constructed on Cuban
territory. We know. And any
one who chooses to question
the basis of our present policy
must begin by proving that
the intelligence estimates are
wrong.
SO I SHALL quote in full
Mr. Ball's testimony on
the crucial question of the
Cuban military buildup:
"Since July, when thc vol
ume of Soviet military ship
ments to Cuba suddenly vault
ed upward, 85 shiploads ar
rived in Cuban ports. Many
of them carried military
, items, supplies, and personnel,
.These shipments have con-
sistcd, in part, of types of
weapons previously delivered
to thc Cuban armed forces. In
cluding more tanks, self-propelled
guns, and other ground
force equipment. The major
tonnage in recent shipments,
however, has been devoted to
SA-2. surface-to-air missiles
(SAMs) together with all
the related gear and equip-
merit necessary for their in -
stallation and operation. To
date, 15 SAM sites have been
established in the island. We
estimate the total may even
tually reach 25. These are
anti-aircraft missiles having a
slant range of 20 to 23 miles.
"In addition, three and pos
sibly four missile sites of a
different type have been iden
tified. These sites are similar
to known Soviet coastal de
fense missile sites that are
believed to accommodate anti
shipping missiles with a range
of 20-35 miles. Quite likely
several more such sites will
be installed.
"Cuba is now estimated to
have 60 older-type MIG jet
aircraft. In addition, at least
one advanced .jet-interceptor
has recently been received,
and probably several more are
the process of assembly.
inlcrceptor is usually equip
ped with infra-red air-to-air
missiles. We estimate that Ihe
total of these advanced inter
ceptors in Cuba may even
tually reach 25 to 30.
"In addition, 16 'Komar'
class guided-missile patrol
boats, which carry two short
range missiles (11-17 miles),
were included in recent ship
ments. "About 4.500 Sovict mili
tary specialists have arrived,
including construction men
and technicians."
rpHE MILITARY buildup, in
1 short, consists of weapons
lor the
anti-aircralt
missiles, coastal defense
weapons, some short-range
patrol boats, a few fighter
interceptors, and some 4.500
Soviet specialists, technicians,
and construction men. What is
it all for
cd Slates
To attack the Unit-
Obviously not The United
States, using only convention -
, . . ... , . ....
r ' ' "
i t"L"Zt 'X
- v.. in ; -,,v, i a l Ml u I I f OH
Bay of Pigs in April. 1961. j peaceful compromise, are not
Tanks, coastal defenses, pa- i always wrong. On the con
trol boats, and anti-aircraft trary. in the majority of in
equipment would be iust cx- i stances thev m h. ri'nht n,.i
actly what he would need to
u-m anoiner lanains oi
Cuban exiles. : wars have been averted by
Thc present Cuban military Patience and persisting good
buildup is not only not cap- will . . . How many wars have
able of offensive action, but , been precipitated by fire
also it is not capable of de-i brands: '
against t ha
HAT then is Mr. Khru
shchev up to in Cuba?
Secondarily, perhaps he is
baiting a trap for us which, if
we tan into it, wouia inrow
the whole Western alliance in-
to confusion and disorder just
at the time when a Berlin
crisis is developing,
But primarily, Mr. Khrli-
shchev is in Cuba because he
has talked so loudly about
helping revolutions. Castro
has thrown himself into Khru
shchev's arms, and is black
mailing him. The Castro re
gime has made itself the
prime and public test of
whether international com
munism is a real force or a
lot of words. Unless Castro
can be made to succeed m
Cuba, the revolutionary prop
aganda among the backward
countries in the rest of the
world will be greatly weak
ened. SO MR. Khrushchev, desplle
what was undoubtedly
much reluctance, is entangled
in the fortunes of Fidel Cas
tro. He must pour into Cuba
oil and machinery, raw ma
terials and food, and tech
nicians and knowhow, and
money in order to demon
strate that communism can do
better and faster in Cuba
what the United States and
Alliance for Progress are try
ing slowly, but by peaceable
means, to do elsewhere in
Latin America.
This is the core of the
Soviet-Cuban alliance. Mr.
Ball described the Soviet in
tervention in Cuba as an ef
fort "to establish a beachhead
for subversion in this hemis
phere." This would mean that
Cuban facilities and Cuban
connections with other coun
tries in Latin America would
be used to infiltrate agents
and propaganda and small
arms and money. All of this
will work only if in Cuba
there is a showpiece of suc
cessful Communism. It will
not work if the agents come
from a land that is in misery
and disorder.
It follows that as long ,19
there is no direct military ag
gression by Cuba, as long as
we are limiting ourselves to
measures short of war, one
of the best responses is lo
force tfle Soviet Union and
1 the Sovict bloc to carry (ha
whole burden of Cuban re
construction. That is the in
tent of the shipping measures
now being formulated. They
will not destroy the Castro
regime now. But they will
make it much more expensive
and inconvenient for the
Soviet Union to make Castro
succeed.
FALLOWING the increasing
application of the war
party in this country, I have
turned once more to a famous
passage in Winston Churchill's
writings in which he discusses
thc rights and wrongs of going
to war:
"The safely of the stale, the
lives and freedom of their
own fellow countrymen, to
whom (the statesmen) owe
their position, make it right
and imperative in the last re
sort, or when a final and def
inite conviction has been
reached, that the use of force
should not be excluded. If the
circumstances are such as to
warrant it, force may be used.
And if this be so, it should be
used under the conditions
which are most favorable.
There is no merit in putting
off a war for a year if, when
it comes, it is a far worse war
or one much harder to win.
These are the tormenting
dilemmas upon which man
kind has throughout its hist
ory been so frequently im
paled. Final judgment upon
them can only be recorded by
history in relation to the
facts of the case is known to
thc parties at the time, an.1
also as subsequently proved."
(In the Cuban question the
facts do not now compel a
decision to go to war and
there is no evidence wlialso-
j ever that war in inevitable
and that it should therefore
' be engaged in at nnre 1
1 "Those who arp nmn i,
1 temperament and character
; , ' V" l"e oincr nanfl.
. "" ,".""? inclination 's t
Zt0...
j only morally but from a prac-
utai stanoDoint. How manv
fensive action
United States.
I