WEDNESDAY. SEPTEMBER 11. 19ft
fc,",EveryonetnSoutherrrbregoii
Readi The Mall Tribune"
frubltihed Dally except Saturday'by
MEDFORD PRINTING CO.
53 North Fir Jt Ph.772-14l
ROBERT W. RUHL. Editor
HERB GREY Advertiilnf Manaer
GERALD T LATHAM. Bua. Mgr.
ERIC W ALLEN JR., Mn. Editor
EARL H ADAMS. City tailor
HARRY CH1PMAN. Telef Editor
RICHARD JEWETT. Sports Editor
OLIVE STARCHER Women's Editor
DALE ERICKSON. j:irculaUon Mr
An Independent Newspaper
Entered ai second claw matter at
Medford. Oreeon, under Act of
March 3. 1897
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NATIONAL EDITORIAL
Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the flies of The
Mall Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40
and 50 year! ago.
10 YEARS AGO
Sept. 19. 1952 (Sunday)
Ray Huron and Randall Gif
ord named co-chairmen nf
Jackson county March of
Dimes campaign.
Associated Cold Storage
company operates new com
pletely palatized pear cold
storage plant near Phoenix;
first fully palatized plant in
Rogue valley. '
20 YEARS AGO
Sept. 19. 1942 (Monday)
All national forest lands In
Oregon closed because of the
lengthy dry period.
From Arthur Perry'" "Ye
Smudge Pot" column: "Wood
piles now adorn the residen
tial areas. None as yet have
been run into by midnight
speeders saving any rubber,
thus reducing their vehicles to
kindling."
30 YEARS AGO
Sopt. 19, 1932 (Wednesday)
Medford police and other
Pacific coast law enforcement
agents seek alleged bond
swindlers who attempt to ob
tain bonds owned by Medford
woman.
Brisk demand reported as
issuance of three-quarter year
license plates starts in Med
ford. 40 YEARS AGO
Sept. 19. 1922 (Thursday)
Miss Alice E. Hanley, Med
ford, files petitions as Inde
pendent candidate for Oregon
House of Representatives.
Medford city council meet
ing postponed when three
councilmcn become marooned
after automobile breaks down
at McAllister springs.
AO YEARS AGO
Sept. 19. 1912 (Saturday)
Cily officials announce
Jackson street bridge over
Bear creek nearing comple
tion; piers started for East
Main street bridge.
Rogue Valley pears sold for
$3.15 a box on New York
markets; highest price of sea
son. , '
What's Your I.Q.7
Nine or tan correct tt superior;
seven er eight Is excellent; five
six is good.
1. With what cause do you
associate the name of M r s.
Emmoline Pankhurst?
2. Matthew 1 : 1 R treals with
what important event, related
to Christmas?
3. Iceland is noted for its
hot springs; true or false?
4. In which country is the
leaning Tower of Pisa?
5. At the close of which war
did the United Slates acquire
the island of Guam?
fi. In which state is Mount
Baker?
7. What is an abattoir?
8. How many yards are in
a mile?
B. What body of water bor
ders Honduras on the norlh?
10. What animal has the
following body parts among
others: comb, hackle, slrkles,
wattle and spurs?
Answers: 1. Woman suf
frage. 2. Nativity. 3. True. 4.
Italy, i. Spanish American
War. 6. Washington. 7. Slaugh
ter houst. I. 1.760. 9. Carib
bean Sea. 10. Chicken.
Vi-ASSOCIATION
Population Perils
The population of the world has been esti
mated at 3.25 billion persons and it is bounding
upward at the rate of 5 million more every month.
This means that every three months the equiv
alent of nearly the entire population of California
is added to the number of people who will strug
gle to find shelter and get enough food to stay
alive.
Figures released by the United Nations point
up some particularly disturbing aspects of the
growth. One of these is that the more highly
developed populations are becoming more and
more outnumbered by those with lower stand
ards. pENTRAL AMERICA, with its ferment and
vast poverty, is the fastest growing area in
the world. It has an annual growth rate of 2.7
per cent compared to a world average of 1.8 pet
cent. Southeast Asia, already burdened by seem
ingly insoluble problems, is growing at the rate
of 2.6 per cent each year.
The very areas which are most poorly equip
ped to take care of their present needs are the
ones which will be faced with the greatest flood
of increasing population.
Western Europe is growing at the rate of only
.7 per cent a year. The United States and Russia,
accepted as the most powerful nations in the
world, have an annual growth rate of 1.7 per
cent, much less than southeast Asia and Central
America and even slightly below the world aver
age. pHINA is estimated to be nearing the 700 mil-
lion mark and the world population is ex
pected to hit 4 billion in 15 years.
Powerful as we are, we should realize that
numerically we 185 million Americans comprise
rather an insignificant portion of the human race
and that the rest of the world is growing faster
than we are.
This growth will create dangerous pressures.
There is no doubt the more highly developed na
tions will have to give leadership in solving the
problems these pressures will generate or face
the eventual threat of seeing the population flood
destroy the fabric of civilization in Central
America and southeast Asia with disastrous re
percussions everywhere.- Sacramento Ree.
Step
"Candidates Stepping
ThaL's what a headline
said the other evening about Governor Hatfield
and Attorney General Thornton.
well, we don t care much about their stepping
up. What we want them to do is step out. Step
out and talk about the real problem: money.
W
HERE do they, whichever one is elected gov
ernor, intend to find
must find if Oregon is to spend as much money
as it is spending now and if they do not ask for
a tax increase? How do they get around the fact
that we started this budget period with a $33
million surplus and that the surplus when the
budget period ends will be only a half million?
Election is less than seven weeks away. Vot
ers deserve frankness. This old hogwash about
economy and low taxes doesn't mean a thing un
less the speakers put it in specific terms. Econ
omy where? And how much?
MOR should voters be deceived by the timid
suggestion that perhaps we could eliminate
the federal tax offset and thus raise the money
we need. That would bring in about $40 million
for the hiennium, to be
differ from raising taxes?
for the increased needs
in two years.
Come on, hovs, let's
home. Eugene Register-Guard.
Football Fatalities
The colleire and hitrh
have only just begun and already death has
claimed at least one high school athlete. Last
year's toll 7 college and 15 high school players
aroused a wave of criticism, and moved col
umnist Ralph McGill to write: "That brutal, dirty
football is at its highest peak is undisputed. That
a number of coaches, fortunately small, encour
age it without, of course, directly teaching it, is
a well-known fact in all college circles. That
some of their players have drifted down into
high school coaching ranks is so obvious as to be
undisputed."
Yet last year's deaths by no means set a rec
ord. The all-time high was 1!) in 1!31. In 19(50
the toll was the smallest in recent years, 12 deaths.
I ATELY a growing cause of football deaths has
been heat prostration, caused by advanced
practice schedules. Or. Floyd E. Eastwood of Los
Angeles State College, who has been investigat
ing football deaths since 15)31, two years ago rec
ommended to the National College Athletic As
sociation reduced activity in temperatures above
85 degrees, lighter uniforms for the first week of
practice, and the use of salt tablets or a salt solu
tion during hot weather.
Rut the prime cause continues to be the tech
nique of blocking and tackling that some coaches
like to describe as putting your nose on the ball.
"That means," Coach Tom Nugent of the Uni
versity of Maryland said last year, ";''iat the play
er goes in with his head in a dangerous upright
position. The neck was not built for this kind of
I wear and tear. The price
Out
Up Campaigns."
in the Redster-Guard
the $32 '! million they
sure. Rut how does that
And it won t provide
of a state that has grown
level with the folks at
school football seasons
can be fearful." E.R.R.
"School Days, School Day
Dear Old White Mob Rule Days!'
COMMUNICATIONS
Letters to the Editor must bear the name and address of the writer,
although under certain circumstances the use of e pen name or initial
for publication is permissible. The Mail Tribune reserves the right to
edit all letters with a view to clarification and condensation. Letters
submitted for publication must not exceed 400 words. The letters
printed In this column do not necessarily represent the views of the
paper; In fact the contrary is often the case.
No Ogre
To the Editor: We have
lived in Jackson county for
a long time and have heard
so many "gripes" about our
administration In the court
house we felt it almost use
less to ever approach any one
there.
Recently several of us prop
erty owners have had reasons
to consult numerous depart
ments of our courthouse and
found every department most
courteous and more than help
ful. We wish to thank them all
and also to tell the public that
we did not find any "ogres"
in the courthouse.
Mrs. Walt Whitney,
Route 1, Box 534D,
Gold Hill, Ore.
Haven't Learned Much
To the Editor: About 2,400
years ago, a stone-cutler by
the name of Socrates talking
about the city of Athens (re
minds me of another town I
have in mind) said that what
the Athenians seemed to need
most In these years of bitter
discomfiture was not a siren
to flatter and soothe them
with sham promises of a
speedy return of prosperity
and grandeur, but a gadfly
to sting them to unflinching
self-examination, to see where
in the past they had been
wrong-headed and mistaken
and how with patience and
hard thinking they might yet
build belter lives for them
selves and for their city.
We do not seem to have
learned very much in 2,400
years.
Ray Lamberg,
Hflip Ross Lane,
Medford
Bird Music
To the Editor: Springtime
is, of course, when there is
the unrivalled birds' dawn
chorus. We-2 once had a pe
culiar dawnchorus experience.
We had arrived one spring at
the Berlin Hauptbahnhof at
midnight. We had taxied to
the hole!, tried to get some
sleep. In a few hours, (Berlin
is far north, dawn comes
early) we sleepily heard a
dawnchorus. We asked our
selves: "We are In Berlin -but
are nut lhn.se Australian
bird songs?" Going to the
window, we saw we were
across the street from the
Tiergartcn and, opposite, was
that zoo's Australian section.
Though spring is THE time
for birdsong, there is one
feathered grand opera star
that sings in Autumn. Hiking
a mountain trail this month,
one may enjoy the unrivalled
music of a Townsend's soli
taire. He will be perched atop
a silver fir or Christmas tree.
Learning bird music is an
asset if one ever be stricken
blind. Part of the European
studios we-2 made toward Na
tional Parks' Naturalist Move
ment was Denmark's remark
able field excursions for blind
children. These, with games
based on skill learning bird
songs. The top prize was for
the nightingale's.
We reduced our observa
tions to a pamphlet. It was
sent Blind Schools throughout
the English-speaking world. It
stimulated similar nature
studies. Some, then inaugu
rated, have continued, we are
told, over nearly a half cen
tury. C M Goethe
3731 Tea st.
Sacramenln 1ft. Calif.
Wake Up?
To the Editor: I note that
the Oregon State Liquor Con-
i trol Commission has moved
' into a new location. The new
! outlet gives them increased
! storage space, etc., etc.
Along with the news Hem
j from which 1 obtained this in
I formation, it was staled that
another office in the same
; building will be occupied by
! the Slate Industrial Aicid.-nt
Commission.
It would seem to some of
I us that perhaps the Accident
. Commission has moved pretty
close to the source of many of
the accidents it is called jip to
MEDFORD MAIL
investigate. Jts a queer world
we live in. Perhaps it would
be just as well to suggest that
Mr. K. come over from Mos
cow and let his workers begin
building war implements next
to the White House.
Oh yes, by the way, a fellow
cut his arm over Ashland way
the other day. Seems he
smashed the window of a Ash
land grog shop with his bare
arm. Drunk charges are being
filed. I would suggest that per.
haps the one who sold him the
brew should be charged with
contributing toward the de-
linquency of an adult. How
about it?
Then up near Yakima the
other day a lady and her hus-
band were returning from a
Christian Temperance Union
meeting. A 25 year old drunk
en driver, careening along at
from 90 to 100 m.p.h. finished
them off, plus himself in
blinding collision. His 20 year
old companion lived to tell
the story. He told of how he
pled with his buddy to stop
and let him out but to no
avail.
How long will we Ameri
cans tolerate this villain alco
hol that is killing and maim
ing our citizens by the thou
sands? Where is our common
sense thinking? Why don't we
wnke up?
Henry Johnson ,lr.
2315 Highway 66
Ashland, Ore.
A Complaint
To the Editor: I have heard
many complaints upon the
methods used bv the girl
or woman, that handles the
calls that go into our local
police station.
I have always made excuses
for her as I felt she was just
cierk and did not under
stand what she was doing
However yesterday for the
first time I had occasion to
use this service and will say
that every word I have heard
is true.
The third degree that one is
put through is frustrating, ag
gravating, stupid, asinine, and
just plain ridiculous.
1 here was a policeman on
T.V. that told us what to do
if we had a prowler. He made
it sound very simple. Not so
if the girl takes the call; by
the time she gels through you
could be murdered. If you
call you must also give your
full middle name-initials are
not accepted. This is a request
to the chief to put a man back
on the desk that knows what
he is doing.
Where is Clyde Fichtner?
Leila A. Morrow.
531 North Bartlett st.
Medford.
Fade Away
To the Editor: This note is
for condolence for us old
orchard hands: Old orchard
hands never die, they just fade
away, stacking empty boxes
on pallets.
Clifford Alden Trask,
P. O. Box 403,
Proenix, Ore.
He's Grateful
To the Editor: I would like
to take this opportunity to
thank my committee members
and numerous friends, who
have been putting up cam
paign posters in my behalf.
However, 1 should like to
suggest that you check to
make certain that the posters
are put up in accordance with
the law. In checking with the
Forest Service and BLM of
fices, I find we have had no
violations. I am indeed grate
ful for your assistance.
Berle "Steve" Stephens
3(17 Hamilton St..
Medford.
Common Sense
To the Editor: Fluoridation
on the ballot again? Who pro
posed surh a scheme? My
wife was in consultation with
a doctor. We have a well of
water adjacent to a year
round spring. Incidentally, It
Is hard. The doctor said, "Get
Medford s spring water and
drink it." This we did for
some time. Mr. Editor, what
reputable doctor would rec -
TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. ORECON
Alliance For Progress
But Events
Br PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign News Analyst
When, in March 1961, Presi
dent Kennedy announced his
$20 billion Alliance for Prog
ress program,
it was a c-
k n o w ledged
that much, if
not all, of its
chance for
success would
A I . -
yV, I Brazil. Recent
JLJ evenu' have
Mewsoaa long are the
odds. Size alone would make
Brazil important. She is the
largest country in South
America and is the fourth
largest in the world, with the
United States ranking fifth.
As a key test of U.S. efforts
to head off communism in
Latin America, it also is worth
noting that she borders on
every South American coun
try except Chile and Ecuador.
As a grand plan, the Al
liance for Progress looked to
ward a total of about $10 bil
lion in U.S. aid to Latin Amer
ica over a 10-year period, with
an equal amount to come
from the better-off countries
of Europe and from private
investment.
Of this, Brazil would re
ceive about S700 million per
year.
In Brazil there is a saying
that "God must have been a
Brazilian, because he loves
them so."
This was the light-hearted
approach that permitted Bra
zil in succeeding years to
In the Day's News
By FRANK
What's today?
It's the day we know who
won - Teddy or Eddie -Massachusetts.
Teddy is Ed
ward M. Ted Kenpedy, young
est brother of President Ken
nedy. Eddie is Edward J. Mc
Cormack, Jr., Massachusetts
state attorney - general and
nephew of House Speaker
John W. McCormack.
What's the plum they're
reaching for? It's the Demo
cratic nomination for U. S.
Senator from the Bay State -whose
biggest city is Boston,
"home of the bean and the
cod," where, according to a
famous after-dinner speaker of
earlier days, "the Cabols
speak only to Lowells, and
the Lowells speak only to
God."
WHO will win?
" It's
expected lo be close.
Teddy says: "I will win, but
it will be very, very close."
Eddie says: "I'm confident I
will win, but I'm not predict
ing how much."
What makes the Teddy-Eddie
contest so difficult to fig
ure out in advance, according
to Harry Ferguson, one of the
UPI's top political reporters,
is that nobody can say for sure
how many votes will swing
on the issue of ONE MAN'S
FAMILY.
Democrats who are private
ly convinced that two Ken
nedys in Washington are
enough, Ferguson says, are
likely to keep their mouths
shut rather than alienate the
political powers in the nation's
capital.
'FHE day's best crack:
- When asked if he thinks
there are too many Kennedys,
Teddy replied:
"That's a question we
should have asked my moth
er." HOW about the Massachu
setts Republicans? Do they
have a candidate for senator?
Oh. yes.
ommend drinking Medford's
lovely spring water "doctor
ed'' with fluoride, the sludge
from aluminum - processing,
when that same product de
teriorates and rots metals It
runs through, and has been
laboratory tested by the Unit
ed States Dispensatory and
tabooed''
Here's a quole from Dr.
F. B. Exner of Seattle: "I
practically grew up in a
chesmistry laboratory. Fluor
ides are poisonous. The Unit
ed States Dispensatory says,
'Fluorides are violent poisons
to all living tissues'. Sodium
fluoride is used as insecticide
on fruit trees.'
Tka iviiennn4 (l-atfil aHt'SV.
rir. loS six vear, .no. The
.,,., .riVnr.i.. ...rn-ri
fluoridation down flat! It was
a victory for the common
sense common people. Wc are
glad the common people still
have a voice via the Mail
Tribune's Communciations.
Reminds of Lincoln's me
i morable words. "God must
i have loved the common pco
I pie when He made so many
i of them " Also when Jesus
i was here holding forth para
, mount truths, "the common
i people heard Him gladly."
Living among and being one
I of the common people we find
I most of them endowed with
! good common sense prizing
i health and liberty. This was
1 proven when the poison-water
Show Odds Against
build up a debt of around $3
billion in a headlong rush to
ward industrialization and
construction of a new capital
in the hinterland without re
gard for cost or how to pay
for it.
In I960 the cost of living
due to inflation jumped 35
per cent.
Into this financial mess on
Jan. 1, 1961, stepped a new-
president, Janio Quadros. with
a record of financial stability
behind him, first as mayor of
the industrial city of Sao
Paulo and then as governor.
Quadros lasted not much
longer than it took the United
States and the International
Monetary Fund to refinance
him. He resigned in August
1961.
Then came Joao Goulart,
the present office-holder.
A ticker tape parade in
New York and a cordial recep
tion at the White House sig
naled Goulart's a c ceptance
into the club of hemispheric
chief executives eligible to
ask and received continued
U.S. aid.
At this point it is impossible
to say whether Goulart would
have carried out the promises
he made in Washington. Army
opposition forced Goulart to
take an office whose powers
had been taken away and
vested in a prime minister.
Goulart said then it would
not work, and it hasn't. Prime
ministers have come and gone.
Education and tax reform bills
have gathered dust, printing
press money has continued to
flood the country and inflation
JENKINS
They have two candidates.
One of them is George Cabot
Lodge, a descendant of the
early Boston Cabota who
spoke only to Lowells. His
opponent in the Massachusetts
Republican primary is Repre
sentative Laurence Curtis,
who aspires to be a senator.
The issue in the Republican
primary is youth vs. age.
George Cabot Lodge is only
35 years old, a mere rookie
in the game of politics. His
opponent is bearing down
on the argument that EX
PERIENCE is important-even
in these days when youth is
in the saddle and riding high,
wide and handsome.
WE'LL see what we'll see.
Que serat serat.
Today will tell the tale.
Strictly Personal
By Sydney
lei Field Enterprises. Inc.
GENIUS NOT NATIONAL
My recent piece on the "100
per cent American" and his
debt to the rest of the world
drew i few
indignant
readers. Most
of them re
buked me for
ignoring
America's tre
mendous "In
v e n t 1 v e
genius" in
modern times.
Harris So far as I can
determine, America's chief
claim to fame is industrial,
not scientific. It is true that
our creation and development
of the mass-production system
has revolutionized industry
throughout the world.
Kaempffert's "H i s lory of
American Invention" discloses
that Robert Fulton's "inven
tion" of the steamboat was
anticipated by about 30 steam-
measure fell so flat the former
time.
No measure is so ridiculous
but some will vote for it; but
we are confident that enlight
ened folks will again vote it
down if given a chance. By
the way will all who drink
Medford water have the
chance? We heard they could
not all vote! We don't live
In Medford. Jacksonville, Cen
tral Point, Eagle Point, or in
Medford suburbs where Med
ford water is exclusively used,
but can it be possible that no
one but a few in Medford's
inner circle shall be allowed
v0! in the voting? We hope
our information is not correct,
but if tt is it surelv smacks
dictatorship.
and we'd bet-
'er ouicklv remonstrate
en-
masse against any measure
proposed on such grounds!
H. R. Bulman.
Route 4. Box 316A.
Medford
P S. We still drink Med
ford water when in town, but
never again if the poisoning
measure goes through! We'll
likely shop and eat elsewhere
too.
Balloon Bread
To the Editor: You are 100
per cent right in your editor
ial on "Balloon" bread. The
buying public were pleased
with the product too
Nellie W. Fick.
502 North Holly st .
Medford.
Depends
has jumped another
SO
per
cent.
Goulart has won a fight for
plebiscite which he hopes
Today & Tomorrow
By Walter
Ktw York Herald
CUBA: WATCHFUL
WAITING
Although there are some
who say that we are doing
nothing about Cuba, the fact
is that we
are doing just
about every
thing that can
be done short
of going to
war. Besides
the economic
e m b argo we
are keeping
the island un
d e r "surveil
lance." We are watching ev
ery ship that comes to and
goes from the island, and we
are keeping a close watch on
the loading and unloading of
these ships. We have accurate
and current records of build
ing operations and the deploy
ment of aircraft and tanks
and artillery. There may be
some doubt whether we have
located every missile site in
the vastness of the Soviet Un
ion. But in Cuba, unless our
cameras are failing us, we are
completely informed.
As a result we are quite
able to know about the de
velopment of anything like a
Soviet missile base directed
against the United States, and
what may be more realistic,
we are able lo spot anything
like an expeditionary force
against Cuba's neighbors in
the islands and in the Carib
bean. "JUR policy at the present is
" to keep ourselves com
pletely informed, and to wait
and see whether Castro and
his Soviet helpers do any
overt act against the United
States or ius neighbors. Be
yond this, there is no serious
action the United States can
take to remove him which
would not be an act of war.
The United States is, of
course, able easily to block
ade Cuba. But stopping ships
under threat of seizure or
sinking would be an act of
war not only against Cuba but
against the Soviet Union. For
we would be seizing or sink
ing Soviet ships.
The invasion of Cuba
would, of course, be an act
of war against Cuba. To he
J. Harris
ers huilt in England and on
the Continent.
Very little of the auto
mobile turns out to be
American. Isaac de Rival
patented a gas-driven car In
France in 1807; Lenoir built
one in 1SG0. Siegmund Mar
cus drove a gas-driven car
in Vienna in 1875, until the
police stopped it because of
noise. Daimler and Bens
developed cars in Germany
between 1883 and 1885.
Four-wheel brakes were '
invented by the English in
1904. The Italian Lancia
had "knee-action" as early
as 1922. The straight-eight
engine was introduced by
Isotta - Fraschini in Italy,
and the V-type descends
from De Dion and Bouton
in 1913 France.
"The American car is
America n." points out
Kaempf f e r I. "because of
mass production methods
and not because it is Ameri
can in mechanical concept."
Similarly, in a v i a lion,
telegraphy, the telephone,
motion-pictures, steel-making.
Incandescent lamps, the
reaper, the sewing machine,
the elevator, the photoelec
tric cell, and even tele
vision - which a Scotsman
first made practical in 1926.
Even the most impressive
of modern scientific achieve
ments - the splitting nf the
atom - was "American" only
by adoption; the genius of a
dozen different nations was
responsible for it. beginning
with the conation of Einstein
German Jew livino
Switzerland, and ending with
the work of Enrico Fermi, an
Italian who had migrated
here. We built the plant, but
the ideas themselves came
from abroad
This is not to sav that
America has not contributed
materially to scientific inven
tion - but to remind us that
science is a collaborative and
international venture, in
which no nation can claim
dominance. One hundred arid
forty -eight mayor scientific
discoveries were conceived
simultaneously in different
parts of the world, making a
mockery of any nation's pa
triotic pretensions to "leader
ship " in creativity.
Llppmann
on Brazil,
Success
.will restore the power of his
office. In the meantime, Bra
zil indeed will need love from
above.
Lip p ma nr.
Tribune Syndic tt
sure, the United States could
easily win a war againsi Cuba.
We could close the Cuban
ports within a few hours and
we could occupy very quick
ly Havana and a few big
cities. The countryside might
be another story. But what
we could not be sure of doing
is to prevent the retaliatory
moves to which we would
have laid ourselves wide
open, moves against Berlin,
or against Turkey, or against
Iran.
lOR we would have acted on
r the rule that a POSSIBLE
threat against our security
or our interests justifies us in
going to war. We would bo
saying that because Cuba, '
which is only 90 miles away,
is in the grip of an unfriendly
European power, we have a
right to blockade or occupy
the island; we would be say
ing too that the Soviet Union
has no such right to act
against the American military
positions in Turkey, Iran,
Pakistan, right on her own
frontier.
Let us not fool ourselves.
Such an argument does not
wash.
It would be rejected, prob
ably even laughed at, not
only by all neutrals but by
powerful elements among our
closest allies. There are somo
who think foreign opinion
doesn't matter. But when it
comes to war, it means a great
deal to the belligerent who is
for him and who is against
him.
We could go to war if Cas
tro injures us. But we cannot
go to war, even against Cas
tro, because of what he may
conceivably do in the future.
We cannot wage a preventive
war against Castro withoi t
establishing the rule that a
preventive war is legitimate
against our military position
in Berlin, Turkey, Iran, Paki
stan, Thailand, South Viet
nam, Formosa, Okinawa,
South Korea, and Japan.
TT Is true, of course, thai the
Soviet lodgement in Cuba
is a gross violation of tha
Monroe Doctrine. Yet we can
not invoke the Monroe Doc
trine. Why not? The Monroe
Doctrine declares that "any
interposition" by a European,
power in this hemisphere
would be "the manifestation
of an unfriendly disposition
towards the United States."
But, and this is the crucial
point, the American claim for
the isolation of the Western
hemisphere was completed
with a renunciation of Ameri
can interest in the Eastern
hemisphere: "In the wars of
the European powers in mat
ters relating to themselves we
have never taken any part,
nor docs it comport with our
policy so to do."
This fundamental passage
In Monroe's message is, of
course, a restatement of tha
principle laid down by Wash
ington in his Farewell Ad
dress: "Europe has a set of
primary interests which to u.
have none, or a very remote
relation."
This basis of the Monro
Doctrine disappeared in the
twentieth century in the two
World Wars, the Korean War,
and the cold war. We cannot
invoke the Monroe Doctrine
without meeting the question
of what we are doing all over
Europe and Asia.
rUR right to put Cuba un
der surveillance, and it
necessary to blockade an in
vader, rests not on the Mon
roe Doctrine but on the ele
mentary right of a people to
insure its own security. For
two centuries the British felt
that way about the occupa
tion of Belgium by an un
friendly power. The Russians
felt that way about Turkey.
This right can, however, be
exercised only when there is
a clear and present danger.
Castro is an insulting nui
sance, but he is not. and is
not now remotely capable of
becoming, a clear and present
aanRer 10 ,ne Untied States,
I Ro we must Practice watchful
waiting, and hold ourselves
in readiness, never for a mo
ment forgetting the vastly
greater dangers elsewhere.
In a time of watchful wait
ing. Congress and the news
papers are compelled to re
member that the President i.i
conducting a delicate and
: dansorotis operation, and that
he is seriously interfered with
if he is forced to dot every "I"
and to cross every "t" in ad
vance of a decision. The Pres
ident should not be asked to
say whether he will go to
war. He should not be driven
to say that he won't go to
war.
A certain mystery and un
certainty are desirable, and
will be deterrent to our adversaries.