4 A
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Reaili TheMilTrlbune'
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Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the (ilea of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40
and 50 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
Julv 17. 1952 (Thursday)
California-Oregon Pipeline
announces it will lay a new
1113-mile oil ' pipeline from
Crescent City, Calif., to Med
ford.
A 21-year-old Jacksonville
man confined to a hospital at
Corvallis as a result of an en
counter with a huge black
bear in Lobster valley.
20 YEARS AGO
July 17, 1942 (Friday)
New buildings at Camp
White are completed for the
use of Col. Owen R.' Mere
dith, commanding officer.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pot" column: "The
stale is willing to contribute
the old battleship Oregon to
the scrap metal drive, under
certain conditions. It the
same avid passion to collect
scrap iron for our own use,
as was expended In harvest
ing it for avid sale to Japan
a few years back, can be
mustered, maybe the hal
lowed hull can be spared
such an inglorious fate."
30 YEARS AGO
July 17, 1932 (Sunday)
Local man is jailed for
Operating a "beer joint" In the
Bcrrydale district; 20 gallons
of beer mash, 170 pint bot
ties and 100 empty bottles
seized by prohibition agents.
Lloyd Osburn, author and
the son-in-law of Robert
Louis Stevenson, visits In
Medford en route to a Rogue
river fishing trip.
40 YEARS AGO
July 17, 1922 (Monday)
Funeral services are set for
Miss Julia Fielder, a long
time teacher in the Medford
school system.
Ashland man promoting
construction of sight-seeking
road to top of Mt. Ashland.
SO YEARS AGO
July 17. 1912 (Wednesday)
The Indian Refining com
pany of California, Standard
Oil's greatest rival, purchases
a site near the Crater Lake
junction for a distributing
plant in ilir Medford vicinity.
The city council decides to
pnvc West 1 1th st.
Whal's Your I.Q.7
Nina or ten correct Is superior;
seven or eight is excellent; five of
six is good.
1. What country recently
declared 1 1 s independence
from France?
2. What was the first ma
jor leacue team to win a
World Series'.'
3. Was Becky Thatcher the
sweetheart of lluck Finn, or
of Tom Sawyer''
4. Complete this tillp wilh
lha name of a city; "Lloyd's
of "
5. On which side of a man's
hat Is (he bow?
6. Roes the term open
hearth suggest to you copper
refining, steel making, or
mead making?
7. Lobsters are correctly
classified as fish, mammals or
crustaceans?
8. Israel compares In ie
to which U. S. State?
9. In what city is the Uni
versity of Colorado?
10. Generals Meade and
Lee, respectively, command
ed the Union and Confeder
ate armies at what great bat
tle? Answers: 1, Algeria. 2. Red
Sox (Over Pittsburgh in 1903).
3. Tom Sawyer. 4. London. S.
Lefl. 8, Steel. 7. Crustaceans.
. New Jersey. 8. Boulder. 10,
Gettysburg.
NATIONAL
TUESDAY. JULY 17. 1962
The Biggest Broadcast
The wires hummed with the technical data
involved in the launching of the world's first ac
tive repeater communications satellite. The politi
cal considerations, centering on whether owner
ship of a communications satellite system should
be public or private, were discussed at length in
Congress.
Transcending either the technical or the po
litical stories of Telstar as the American Tele
phone and Telegraph satellite which the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration launched
from Cape Canaveral is known is the real sig
nificance of space communications.
President Kennedy may have put it as well
as any one can when he told the United Nations
General Assembly in 1961 that "linking the whole
world in telegraph, telephone, radio and tele
vision" would help to prevent "the cold reaches
of the universe" from becoming a new area of
"an even colder war."
CUROPE will be given an early preview of what
" a world-wide communciations satellite system
will mean. With the experimental satellite in
orbit, and after domestic demonstrations and
technical tests have been completed, the over
seas program begins.
U. S. television networks will send to the
satellite, live, about 12 minutes of news events
from this country, Canada, and possibly Mexico.
Telstar in turn will reamplify the transmission
powerfully and beam it to Europe.
The Eurovision network will send a similar
program to this continent through Telstar. Both
telecasts are possible because Telstar is an "ac
tive" satellite, carrying both reception and trans
mission eouinment. Previous passive satellites,
like Echo, acted as sound "mirrors," bouncing
radio signals from one point to another.
......
THERE is no argument as to the desirability of
a oifctom nf north, cnfnllitne r'unnhln nf rolnv-
C Ky.JI.WIll V Will VI,
ing voice messages and
earth, linking the nations
communications system.
telephone facilities alone
1965, if not before. Nor is there any basic argu
ment about the feasibility, or the cost.
But there is a dark side to space communica
tions which was hinted at in President Kennedy's
U. N. message. As few as three so-called syn
chronous satellites, orbiting high in space at the
same speed as the earth's rotation, would supply
ground military forces with relatively jam-proof
communications.
There are great potential profits in a space
communications network. This is the logical
reason that A. T. & T. is willing to pay NASA $6
million for two launhces, the second probably in
the autumn. , .
But there also are those important military
considerations. This is certainly one reason for
Russia's willingness to sign a recent U.S.-U.S.S.R.
agreement on a five-part program of space coop
eration. E.R.R.
Pensions and Punishment
Technically at least,
Court justice who has
spiracy in an attempt to
comes eligible tor pension at the close or business
hours on Wednesday. The bizarre courtroom
farce goes like this:
Justice ,1. Vincent Keogli June lb was con
victed by a Manhattan federal court jury of con
spiring to obstruct justice by a attempting to in
fluence the sentencing of a Brooklyn federal
court defendant. A $22,500 bribe was involved.
Two days later Judge Keogh who is still draw
ing his '$3-1,500 a year salary filed for retire
ment. Unless the courts hold that he automatical
ly forfeited his office when the jury brought in
its guilty verdict, he becomes eligible for a pen
sion, variously estimated at from $S,30() to up
wards of $20,000 a year, 30 days after filing. The
New York Board of Estimate is expected to rule
on the pension July 26.
IDOOH's sentencing was postponed to Aug. 2,
"well after the qualifying date for the pension,
on the plea that his trial attorney was exhausted.
He faces a five-year prison term and a $10,000
fine.
One question is whether Keogh automatically
loses his rights at the time of the verdict or at
the time of the sentencing. Ironically, one of his
attorneys, as a former city corporation counsel,
presented an opinion in another case that "the
forfeiture of office automatically occurred when
the jury returned its verdict of conviction."
State Controller Arthur Levitt has said that
the pension is a contractual obligation ami that
the state must pay its share of the pension
Keogh is paid by both state and city regardless
of whether Keogh was in or out of office at the
time of conviction. Levitt is a Democrat. So is
Keogh. So is Keogh 's brother, Hep. Eugene J.
Keogh, powerful Brooklyn Democrat and friend
of President Kennedy.
A FEDERAL employee under the so-called
'Alger Hiss Act loses pension rights upon
conviction of a felony or a crime against the gov
ernment. The crime of which Keogh was convict
ed is a felony under federal law, but is only a
misdemeanor under the state code. Bills to deny
pensions to officials convicted of violation of
their trust have been introduced in the New York
legislature in recent sessions but never have pass
ed. If the court rules Keogh is not entitled to a
pension, he would receive, with interest, pay
ments he male to the pension fund. E.R.R.
,
images to any point on
ot the world in a space
Existing transatlantic
will be overloaded by
a New York Supreme
been convicted of con
fix a federal judge be
"You Think We'll
... Communications ...
Letters to the Editor must bear the name and address of the writer, although " under
certain circumstances the use of a pen name or initial for publication is permissible.
The Mail Tribune reserves the right to edit all letters with a view to clarification and
condensation. Letters submitted for publication must not exceed 400 words. The letters
printed in this column do not necessarily represent the views of the paper; in fact the
contrary is oilen the case.
Offer a Prayer
To the Editor: Spiritual
Void, Friday, June 20. Thank
you, G.H.B., from ihe heart
of one out f 180 million, for
your summation of the Chi
cago meetings of Billy Gra
ham. It seems to me the percent
age declaring their intentions
to surrender their lives to
Christ was gratifying indeed.
In the days of the Apostles,
after the Holy Spirit had come
upon them, 3,000 were con
verted at one time and 5,000
at another time (Acts 2:41
4:4). But David had this to
say In his examination of the
hearts of men: "Of men I
have found one in a thou
sand," Keel. 7:28. Then again,
Noah, in the days before the
flood, preached that genera
tion though only his own fam
ily were saved because of
faith. So we understand it
takes faith beside hearing to
accomplish Salvation, 2nd.
Pet. 2:5.
If Mr. Graham was used
of the Lord in the Salvation
of one soul, a miracle has
been performed and we
should glorify God, and praise
His name.
Instead of one Billy Gra
ham, there should be thou
sands of holy men sounding
the alarm and preparing the
people for the coming of the
Lord, Jesus Christ, for the
day is drawing near: "Blow
the trumpet in Zion, sound
the alarm in my holy moun
tain; let all the inhabitants of
the land tremble: for the day
of the Lord cometh, for it is
nigh at hand. Joel 2:1.
The prophet Isaiah pictures
our day this way: "The earth
is defiled under the Inhabi
tants thereof: because they
have transgressed the laws,
changed the ordinance, brok
en the everlasting covenant."
What a witness this nation
could be if we were working
with the "Faith once deliver
ed unto the Saints." That faith
is now so clouded with per
fidy and shrouded in error,
lhat It has no power when
propounded. Failure is the re
sult, and defeat, Ihe end.
Isaiah says further, "My
leanness, my leanness, woe
unto me, Ihe treacherous deal
ers have dealt treacherously:
yea the treacherous dealers
have dealt very treacherously
Fear and the pit and
the
snare are upon thee. O inhahi- j
tants of the earth." j
Lot us offer a prayer for ,
Billy Graham and all others
who show their love for us by
effort.
.lames J. Williams,
P.O. Box 441.
Jacksonville, Ore.
Indicate Real Progress
To the Editor: Sugarbects
are grown on several of writ
er's ranches. Report comes:
"Sugar tonnage per acre,
195H, 400 lbs.. HIS!). 6910
lbs." One reason: better-bred
seed. I
Simultaneously from an Al- j
lantic Coast company in which !
wriler is stockholder: "Now j
every twelfth employee Is In
research. " Do not above two
items Indicate real progress ' j
Of course, there is danger in
overconfidence. One recalls a j
golfer that blames fate (or all I
else, but feels personally re- !
sponsible when he makes a
hole in one I
r.ni ill. leiii. v . kind
be costlv?: "Mv Bonnie re- ,hr"' lm,d nish Premature
membered her g.istank. She , graves. If Russia should drop
unscrewed the cap for to see. I b0l" "'i murder 36.000
She 'lighted a match to dis-' Americans, quick and sure re
cover. Oh! Bring back my 1 P"al would be Ihe result
Bonnie to me." , ct ,na ninny Americans who
Can any kind of illiteracy wre smokers died last year
be more costly than the liio- of lung cancer
logical Illiteracy of some ill j Some who read this letter
high office'' Our lawmakers j will scoff and belittle the
increase taxes yearly. Howl wriler. If our Lord were to
often do they question why walk our streets todiiy and
wr breed so many social
adequate?? One here recently !
Ever Get Together?"
jailed was father of 24, some
by his own daughter.
Man survive in business
only by breeding from the
best - certainly not from the
worst.
C. M. Goethe,
3731 Tea st
Sacramento, Calif.
Expresses Appreciation
To the Editor: Please allow
me to express my apprecia
tion and thanks to O.S. and
Mr. Vroman for the generous
and factual story of the pub
lic schools of over 50 years
ago, especially the one at
Crawfordsville, Ore.
To say I was proud of the
work prepared for the World's
Fair by the pupils of that
school and that I am proud
to possess that work in book
form today, is putting it
mildly.
To correct what might he
a wrong impression, let me
say the primary grades were
taught by a very efficient
teacher, Miss Edna Robnett,
and the exhibit work of those
grades was prepared under
her training. The number of
pupils in grades 5-8 inclusive
was near 40 not 20 as stated
in the story, through no fault
of the reporter. The fault was
all mine.
Again, thanks!
J. W. Shirley,
247 South Second si.,
Central Point
Cause of Wreck
To the Editor: The facts
have now come to light re
garding the cause of the tragic
Northern Pacific passenger
train wreck in Montana. One
life, lhat of a child, was
snuffed out.
' But God in Heaven who
sees even a sparrow fall docs
not turn a deaf car to the ones
left to sorrow. There is a day
of reckoning coming. The
more than 200 passengers who
were injured know by now
the true cause of the wreck.
A (UPI) dispatch published
in a July 12 Ashland news
paper tells us that the en
gineer and fireman had been
drinking. One witness said
''' vneincer had a "repu
tation o: being a consistent
drinker."
In fact one witness sairj she
'advised Ihe engineer al a bar
lo go home and sober up "
She quoted him as savins "We
don't have to steer it (the
train) just push the buttons.
I could do it In my sleep."
It seems that we Americans
are becoming hardened and
calloused. Tragedies like the
one I've mentioned cause little
concern. There are some who
read these linos who will per
haps shortly be drinking in
front of their children.
Too many are like the
onng man to whom I had
just shown a cancerous hu
man lung in a glass jar. He
gave a sneer, flinned out aiKiii f.-.-,,,, nmutH QhHrinn
cigarette and said. "I got to i
die some riav anvw;iv
By the way, In 1914. 3 bil
lion cigarettes wire manu
factured in tin- U.S. In 1959.
485 billion were made, well
over a billion a day.
In spite of the fact that Eng
land is warning its citizens of '
the terrible consequences of
continued smoking, An.eri-
",p coo.mumg on in
ir-iraiM His voice againl Ihe I
evils of the day, the majority I
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON
Congo Crisis Off Front Pages,
Refuses To Go Away; Tshombe
By PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign News Analyst
With only occasional excep
tions, the Congo crisis for
many weeks had been off the
front pages. But despite the
hopes of prac
tically all of
those involv
ed it refused
to go away.
So f a r as
the United
Nations was
the fly
in the o i n t -
Ntw.om ment contin
ued to be Moise Tshombe, the
talkative and changeable
president of secessionist Ka
tanga Province.
Two military attempts to
force Katanga's reunion with
the Congo's central govern
ment in Leopoldville had
failed.
So also had many months
of diplomatic negotiations in
which the wily Tshombe
would make promises and
then blithely denounce them
would fail to heed His plead
ing voice.
Our Blessed Saviour is now
preparing a Home for all who
will heed his entreaties. God
grant that It will be our pray
er to so order our lives so
as to be ready to meet our
Redeemer unashamed.
Henry Johnson Jr.,
2315 Highway 66,
Ashland, Ore.
Reply to Letter
To the Editor: In the June
29 issue of the M.M.T., you
published my letter of the
pensioners aid plan. At the
same time I sent a similar let
ter to Edwin R. Durno in
Washington.
Enclosed is his reply to me.
I thought this might interest
your readers and show them
that our representatives do
care.
Mrs. Owen L. Hardcsty
Route I, Box 240
Rogue River, Ore.
-O-
Dcar Mrs. Hardcsty:
I appreciate receiving your
letter of June 25 and to know
that you approve of my vote
in opposition to the adminis
tration's farm bill.
I have noted with much in
terest your suggestion that
surplus agricultural commo
dities be made available to
our older citizens who are
trying to make ends meet on
Social Security income. I am
taking the liberty of forward
ing your idea to the appropri
ate government authorities in
the administrative branch, and
will also discuss it with col
leagues who are on the agri
culture committee and great
ly concerned about the sur
plus problem.
Again, thank you r tak
ing the time to write to me,
and with all good wishes I am
Edwin R. Durno, M.C.
I 1 :
In the Day's News
By FRANK
What's the news today?
Here's a sample:
WASHINGTON: Rcpre
' sentative John P. Saylor
(R-Pa.) doesn't think it's nec
essary to send American co
medians overseas on good-will
trips. He said in a statement:
"Foreign nations already arc
laughing at America's foreign
aid program."
Congressman Saylor was
referring to the recent con
troversial trip to Afghanistan
by a troupe of American en
tertainers led by comedian
Joey Adams.
ANOTHER sample:
Crystal Lake, 111:
Mc-
Henry county state's attorney
Richard Cross admitted to an
angry county board of super
visors today that he spent
S3. 190 Irving to collect a
SI 17.07 personal properly tax
wn( has moved to Madison.
I Wis.
! Thai guy is wasting his tal
enls, He deserves a place in
JFK's New Frontiers brain
trust - - which is burning the
midnight oil hatching up fas
cinating new ways to spend
ourselves rich
JjROM Tokyo:
Shigeru Yoshida-Japan's
elder statesman, age 83. re
' garded as the most powerful
behind the scenes figure in
' Japan - is Just back from a
j world tour. He says:
! "Japan should quit grum
bling about atomic weapons
land be prepared to ACQUIRE
iTHEM HERSELF, if neces
sary "
'IM1ATS at least realistic rca
1 sontng The bombs wr
dropped on Hiroshima and
Nagasaki were terrible, to be 1
once back in the safety of his
own capital at Elisabethville.
There the situation stood as
of the 11th of this month.
Illegal Parade
On the 11th, C.000 of
Tshombe's soldiers marched
in an Elisabethville parade
marking the second anniver
sary of Katanga's secession.
In the months of negotia
Matter of Fact
(c) New York Herald
THE PRESIDENT'S
PREDICAMENT
Washington - The present
state of the argument about
heavy, immediate tax cuts
speaks vol
umes about
President Ken
nedy's diffi
cult political
p r edicament.
Here we have
a national
economy that
is worrisome
1 y lagging .
Here we have
Alsop
a remedy for the lag which
has strong support on the
right as well as on the left,
and also offers a most agree
able divident to the voters in
an election year.
Here we have an Adminis
tration daily more inclined to
adopt this remedy, and a
President daily more willing
to listen to those around him
who urge tax cuts, despite his
own inbred liscal conserva
tism. What then is the obsta
cle? qiHE obstacle is the Con
gress. If the President now
recommends tax cuts
whether for one year or to
endure permanently, his rec
ommendation must first go to
the House Ways and Means
Committee; it then must be
approved by the House; it
then must work its way
through the already overload
ed Senate Finance Commit
tee; after that it must be ap
proved by the Senate; and it
will only become law when
the conference report is voted
by both chambers.
Congress as a whole is will
ing enough to cut taxes. But
the all-powerful chairman of
the House Ways and Means
Committee, Rep. Wilbur Mills
of Arkansas, is far from eager
to receive a tax cutting rec
ommendation from the White
House at this time.
As for the chairman of the
Senate Finance Committee,
Sen. Harry F. Byrd of Vir
ginia, he has just called the
U. S. Chamber of Commerce
names usually reserved for
Americans for Democratic
Action, because the U. S.
Chamber came out for tax
cuts. In fact, Sen. Byrd, in
person, is the principal obsta
cle to a Presidential decision
to ask for tax cuts now.
TITOST probably such a de
'cision will be made in the
end; and after considerable
fuss, the tax cuts will most
probably be voted. But con
sider the implications of the
mere fact that President Ken
nedy is now hesitating to rec
ommend an economic cure
which is pure jam with no
JENKINS
sure. Tut, for that matter, so
were the conventional bombs
the Japs dropped on us at
Pearl Harbor.
The difference is a question
of degree. The atom bombs
killed mnrp nnnrtln Ac In II,,
inhumanity of it, it's pretty
hard to say which is worse
being killed bv an atom bomb
or by a conventional bomb.
We'll never have any direct
evidence, because nobody can
ever come back from t h e
shadowy other side of the
river to testify.
BUT if
Because we were bombed
at Pearl Harbor we had re
nounced the use of bombs
We would be in a bad way.
War is grim business. That
is what elder statesman and
former premier Yoshida is
trying to say to his country-
mrn
SPEAKING of war. here's
a couole of statistics'
In World War I, it cost us
S12.000 to kill one enemy.
By World War II. the cost of
killing one enemy had risen
to $75,000.
The authority for these fig-
,irf- i WlM-H-V T T,flfl, nn.
of the better of our syndicat- mo"e unit parked In front
ed columnist j. ' of the Central Point city hall'
!an(j jjbrarv
CONCLUSION: ! " ' A ,, .
The cost of living has! f5'"8 U"J
risen fantastically. But, if I m" 1' D" r?,Kn!.pJ
Taylor's figures are accurate.
the cost of dying has risen
even more rapidly.
HASSAN PLArTrviSIT
Rabat. Morocco -4'PI1- King
Hassan II will visit the United
States in March, according to
a foreign ministry announce
ment, here. An official com-
munioue said the exact date i
for the visit will be set later. I
tions, the U.N. command had
seemed to lean over back
ward to protect Katangese
sensibilities.
It had given permission for
token Kantangese forces to
march in the parade even
though the celebration itself
seemed a mischievous nose
thumbing gesture aimed at
undermining the very reasons
By Joseph Alsop
Tribune Syndicate
pill at all in political terms,
mainly because he is worried
about the Congressional re
sponse to the recommenda
tion! This means, in reality, that
the President and the Con
gress have reached a state of
almost complete impasse, at
least on domestic legislative
matters. Defense and foreign
policy measures and the trade
bill, which affects our power
to compete in the modern
world, may still receive ser
ious Congressional considera
tion. But the impasse, as this
session has abundantly
shown, covers almost every
thing else.
President Kennedy means
to try to escape from the im
passe by taking the stump
in the off-year Congressional
elections in a most intensive
manner. He will thus risk his
prestige on the outcome in a
way that no President has
done since Woodrow Wilson,
in the ill-fated League of Na
tions election of 1918.
Kennedy is ready lo take
this risk because he believes
he can intensify and clarify
the national debate, and thus
win votes for the candidates
of his party, even though his
own name will not be on the
ballot. He may well be right.
But if the economic lag con
tinues it will still be a major
miracle if the Republicans do
not gain a number of seats
in the House of Representa
tives. OUCH a Republican gain
will give House Republi
can leader Charles Halleck
of Indiana and his Southern
Democratic allies an even
more complete legislative
stranglehold than they now
enjoy. The impasse will thus
become more total rather
than less total, if the econom
ic slow-down wins votes for
the party out of power, as
almost always happens.
Today, moreover, such an
impasse is quite different in
character and effect from the
impasse on domestic issues
which also existed at the end
of the Truman administra
tion. At that time, the nation
al economy was still operat
ing on the banked-up fuel of
demand left over from the
second World War, with the
additional stimulus of the
Korean war. While the econ
omy was surging forward
albeit wilh accompanying in
flation, the White House-Con-gross
impasse did not matter
very much.
rjiODAY, in contrast, the
- banked-up economic fuel
of post-war demand shows
signs of being about exhaust
ed. More and more of the
wisest analysts, both on the
right and on the left, are now
inclining to the view that this
exhaustion of demand is the
basic unfavorable factor in
the economic equation.
If these men are right, bold
measures may well be needed
to avoid the deflation which,
so history shows, most com
monly follows each post-war
! economic surge forward. But
I l lhe lmPasse continues, bold
! mcasurcs will not be possible,
i I,lstcad- somethhing very like
M"'-".s "'a.v wen set m. at
least until the 1964 election
In this manner, unfortu
nately, the President's pre
dicament can too easily be
come the nation's predica
ment. 375 People Receive
X-Rays af Clinic
Central Point - A total of
375 persons were x-rayed here
recently when the mobile
x-ray unit sponsored by the
Jackson Coun'y Tuberculosis
and Health association visited
this area for the first time,
The x-rays are made possi-
uiiuusi, toon minions io
i the Christmas Seal fund. The
; n.- i i i,'
a m airs, wrginia rv.vie. exec-1
JCT SeCre,ary Ior ,he
j
Residents w ho would like to '
have the mobile unit revisit 1
their particular arfa have!
been asked to contact the 1
, ... ..... i
Jackson County Tuberculosis
and Health
association in
Medford
But It
Is Problem
for the U.N. presence in Ka
tanga. The demonstration went
off peacefully but from thn
U.N. it brought an angry
charge lhat Tshombe's 2.000
military paraders created a
"flagrant violation" of an
agreement that only 300
would take part.
U.N. roadblocks cut off all
roads in and out of the city,
and a note from Jean Back,
U.N. civilian representativa
in Elisabethville told Tshom
be: "Under these conditions, it
will be difficult for the Unit
ed Nations lo accept your
word in the future."
Not Strong Enough
Back's note seemed almos
to verge on understatement.
But it emphasized llm
U.N.'s dilemma after I w a
years in the Congo, and that
violence in the Congo re
mains at all times close to tha
surf.ee.
In every U.N. act, Tshomba
saw a plot engineered by
Wall Street capitalists seek
ing to shut down the coppet
mines of the Union Miniere,
the mining combine from
which Katanga draws most of
its income.
Central Government For
eign Minister Justin Bokom
bo failed in an appearance be
fore the U.N. to win support
for his demand that the U.N.
use its 7,000 troops still in
Katanga to force a military
decision there.
He lefl, threatening lo slif
up northern Katanga tribei
against Tshombe.
Strictly
Personal
By Sydney J. Harris
(c Field Enterprises Inc.
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
Not only do I believe that
capital punishment is morally
wrong and socially pointless
as most
pen ologists
would agrea
but it also
selects tha
wrong vic
tims. In tha
public mind,
for instance,
the word
"murder" ist
Harris a s s o cialed
with carefully planned kill
ings, usually by underworld
types. But this is not al all
the case. Gangland killings
are a small minority, and lha
culprits are rarely found.
A new study of homicides
conducted by the New York
City police department "dis
closes some strange, startling"
and illuminating facts about
the pattern of murder in a
large city," according to tha
National Council on Crima
and Delinquency.
According to this sludy,
made in 1961, "most mur
ders are not carefully plan
ned nor are they of t h
gangland type: most are
spontaneous and the bulk of
them are committed in
homes and many' occur as
the result of family dis
putes." Last year there were 483
homicides in New York
City. Of these. 206 occurred
in homes (42 per cent),
while only 4 per cent were
committed by dope addicts,
and a mere 1 per cent re
sulted from teen-age con
flicts Family squabbles result
ed in 53 murders, in most
of which husbands were
slain by their wives, or
wives by their husbands.
Others in this large cate
gory include killings by
"friends," neighbors, and
what the French so tactfully
call crimes passionelle.
meaning jilted sweethearts,
outraged lovers, and so on.
More than 90 per cent of
the gangland murders in a
city such as Chicago, for in
stance, remain unsolved.
These are perpetrated by
hired professional killers,
who do their neat job with
dispatch and then vanish from
the scene, and ofien from tha
city. Their victims are usually
other gangland figures wha
have welched on bets or loans,
or who have held out a larger
share of loot than they wera
entitled to.
It is only the very poor, lha
very stupid, or the sponta
neous killer in a rage, who aia
apprehended, convicted and
I sometimes given the death
sentence. This does absolutely
notning to deter others from
c0"ln,iu'"K similar crimes - -
and. of course, has absolutely
no effect upon the profession-
al ""world killer,
European countries,
for ,ncsc reasons, have abol
i'iv vi, nil, avtllv-IIV H, i
murder, without the slightest
rise in the homicide rate. S
have many American states
often followed by a decrease
in homicide. 1 again urge you
to read Warden Duffy s iiev
book. "88 Men and 2 Women 1
to convince yourself of tha
unjust folly of capital punishment.
i