MF.DFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGON
WEDNESDAY. JULY 11, 1962
Third Category
To Maintain Life
In Test Tube Added
V.
By DELOS SMITH
UPI Science Editor
New York -iL'PH- Science
now has added a third cate
gory to its ability to germi
nate and then
maintain life
in a test tube.
The new cate-
rft-X--.i fry is that of
v the flowering
v-,
1
l)plos smith
plant. The old
ones were of
a m p h ibians
(such as t h e
i frog) and of
fish.
This leaves the category of
"higher" life, such as mam
mals, including man, to be
conquered scientifically. So
far science has succeeded only
in stirring the beginning of
mammalian life, including hu
man life, in the test tube. The
process has stopped afler a
few cell divisions.
The conquest ,'if flowering
plant life in the test tube was
made by Kusum Kanta, N. S.
Eanga Swamy and Ihcir in
ternationally known profes
sor, Dr. P. Maheshwari in the
bolanical laboratory of the
University of Delhi, India.
They used a common flow
er of India, the opium poppy.
Their starting materials were
the ovules which are the plant
equivalent of the ova or eggs
produced by female mammals,
and their male opposite num
bers, pollen grains.
I The ovules were excised
; from plants just after thev
jhad reached full bloom and
'. before they could have been
'pollinated naturally. Thev
were put into a nutritional
broth in test tubes and then
! "dusted" with pollen grains
from other poppies.
Within 15 minutes the ool
i len was germinating. Pollen
tubes quickly developed tnd
within two hours covered the
surface of the ovules. In proof
that fertilization had occurred
I the ovules enlarged and
j changed in color and compo
sition as they would have on
the plant.
Ovules from a thrce-day-old
culture showed a two-cell de
velopment when sectioned,
j They were on their way to
producing embryos. After
'five days of culture, section
Jed ovules revealed fully de
veloped tissue with which to
nourish embryos-and a four
cell division.
' After 15 days, the embryos
were differentiated into the
: characteristics of the poppy
J embryo and after 22 days,
! the embryos were fully rie
j velopcd into poppy seeds as
capable of going through the
1 life cycle of their kind as
! seeds produced by the living
' plant.
Had 'Controls'
I The scientists had "con
; trols," of course that is
I poppy plants germinating and
'
J:, J-0f: ; , J
SKILLED DRIVER-Hmidlinjj her little ma
chine with all the skill and confidence of a
top racing driver. Princess Horaya taKcs
her Ko-kart around a sharp turn during a
workout at a private go-kart track at Mu
nich. Germany. The former ;"ife of the
Shan ot Iran now maKes ner home in Mu
nich. (UPI)
maintaining new life in the
! way natural to poppies. Their
' test tube life kept pace with
nature in the first stages, the
scientists said, but in later
' stages the test-tube embry
onic growth was "quicker and
better and even surpassed
that in nature."
The Indian scientists report
j ed their conquest to the inter
national technical journal,
'Nature. " So far as they knew
and the editors knew, it had
never been achieved before
and there was no apparent
; reason why it couldn't be
'done with almost any variety
! of flowering plant.
"Test - tube fertilization"
j needs refinements as a tech
i nique, the scientists said.
When these refinements are
i made, plant breeders will be
j able to manipulate forms of
; plant life in the laboratory,
j As an example the scientists
! pointed to the possibility of
i cross-breeding plants in test
; tubes which in nature can
I never cross - breed because
'they are incompatible.
HAS SECOND THOUGHTS
Chicago --IUPIU Mayor Rich
ard J. Daley said Tuesday
that Chicago "would be happy
to welcome anyone and every
one" to tne city, including the
lf)62 meeting of the World
Congress for Disarmament.
Daley then had second
thoughts about the congress
currently meeting in Moscow
and said he would like to
know more about the congress
before welcoming It to Chicago.
' , V7 l4 10
::, 7A 1 f:4 ftl
f tj i .wivrfV v , - i i t a
- ' 4 , t
Ave v
1-
v k
New "TELSTAR"
relays phone calls
and TV pictures
for first time!
Bell System microwave-in-sky satellite
is latest communications triumph for
America arising from telephone research
Tlie world's first private enterprise communi
cations satellite is now being used for dramalio
evperimenls in relaying telephone calls and tele
vision inlernalionally.
lis name: Trlslar. Il was launched from Cape
Canaveral al Bell System expense by the National
Aeronautics and Spare Administration.
Trlslar receives signals beamed lo it from a
ground station, amplifies llicin and transmits them
to anolher slation on the ground helow perhaps
an orean away from I lie first one. The new satellite
thus arls as a microwave relay station in I lie sky,
enabling voices. TV pictures and data messages lo
leap thousands of miles in a new and exciting way.
The ground stations in the U.S. now being
used for Telstar were built by the Bell System at
Andover, Maine, and llolmdel. New Jersey. Or
ganizations abroad have built stations in England
and Franrr. The latter, a near replica of the slation in
Maine, is being assembled with Bell System coopera
tion. A receiving slalion in Italy will be ready lale
this year, and another in West Germany next year.
Trlslar is a first major rxprrimrnlal step toward
a world-wide satellite rommiiniralinns system that
was firsl proposed as a practical venture al Bell
Telrphnnr Laboratories. Progress Inward such a
sv-lem would not have reached its present stale
wilhoiil continuing research and development by
the private rommiiniralinns industry, including six
fundamental Bill Svtctn contrihulions the lian
siMnr. the snlar halteiy. the traveling wave tube,
ruby marrs the wacguide. and new antennas for
the ground stations with innovation in circuitry.
Above all ebe. Trlslar is ibe lalel achievement
in an unending Bell Sy-lem quel ihe search for
uavs lo make vour telephone service still better,
more economical, and more useful.
4"(
V kJ4 ' flU imn n i.i J
INS'DE GROUND STATION "RA0nW" AT ANDOVER. MAINE. Giant
urtWi rr-i man r.p,v uti o) hon'' conrentf signs'! to Tflstf
m a nirrri. po'-cful hpm, r thp sxmt ntfin I receiver implifiM
Sana's cc rg f-om Teistsi ten b - It on mti.
PACIFIC NORTHVEST BELL
House, Senate
Check Writers
Continue Feud
Washington lUPH - Most
lawmakers figured UiRl feud
ing House and Senate check
writers have gone about as
far as possible lo prove that
neither would yield, and that
the time had come for both to
give in.
However, harassed eon
gressional leaders seemed no
closer now than three months
ago to finding a formula that
would save face for the dead
locked appropriations com
mittees and also assure the
government it would not run
completely out of money by
the end of the month.
House Committee members
insist that all they want Is
the right to preside at half
of the House-Senate Confer
e n c e Committee meetings
where final drafts of differing
money bills are whipped into
shape. Senators heretofore
have always presided at these
conference talks.
Will Gladly Yitld
The Stnators say they will
gladly yield half their gavel
time if the House will give up
its claimed right to originate
all money bills, and let the
Senate act first on alternate
measures.
With each side reaffirming
its adament stand, some House
members have intimated they
might be willing to see Con
gress adjourn for the year
without passing any of the
already-overdue money bills
needed by government agen
cies for their operations in
the 12 months that began July
1. However, under this plan,
the lawmakers first would
have to agree on a "continu
ing resolution" - similar to
one already passed for the
B 7
month of July - to let all some basic rate, until Con
agencies continue spending, at gress can act.
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