Supports, Taxes
Hurt Oregon Farms
Salem - Two overwhelming
problems - the property tax
burden and the national agri
cultural program primarily
as it applies to price supports
- are striking at the heart of
prosperity and efficiency of
agriculture in Oregon.
This is the opinion that J.
W. Southworth, assistant di
rector of the state department
of agriculture, expressed to
the Agriculture Conference of
the Oreeon Bankers associa
tion in Redmond on June 21.
Oregon's tax structure,
Southworth said, places an al
most overwhelming property
lax burden upon agriculture
because Oregon farmers are
producing for a national mar
ket in competition with farm
ers throughout the nation. He
pointed out Oregon agricul
ture pays more .property tax
in terms of percentages of tax
per S100 of value and net and
gross farm income than does
agriculture in California.
Washington, Idaho or the
average of the United States.
With an annual S400 mil
lion basic agriculture produc
tion in Oregon, he sees the
big question as: "Are we go
ing to continue this man-made
tax burden upon it or will we
make it possible for Oregon
agriculture to compete effec
tively with that of neighbor
ing states and throughout the
nation?"
Solution Suggested
Southworth told the bank
ers he believes the solution
lies in removing the tax load
for education from property,
though he would leave a tax
on property for vital services
like police, fire, county roads.
For the health and prosperity
of agriculture, he would levy
the major tax costs against
income and some additional
source, the most typical of
which is the sales tax.
Of the second major prob
lem, the national agricultural
support price program. South
worth said this program was
not designed to aid the di
versified agricultural situa
tion which exists in Oregon.
He urged instead a program
that will speak to the social
economic problem of the mar-
Garden Tips
Tomatoes
Healthy tomato plants fre
quently set a good amount of
blossoms but then fail to set
any fruit.
When the early blossoms on
(lie plant fall it is nothing
more than a natural shedding.
However, when this shedding
continues into the season it
ceases to be natural and be
comes of great concern to the
grower. This condition is call
ed ''blossom drop."
In many cases of blossom
drop a number of environ
mental factors are the cause
rather than a disease or in
sect. When the soil moisture
is low and the tomato plant
is subject to a hot, drying
wind, blossom drop is partic
ularly prevalent. Such an en
vironmental condition favors
an abnormal elongation of the
style in the flower. Since
most tomatoes are self pol
linated, this elongation pre
vents fertilization and fruit
set.
Another reason for blossom
drop is low night tempera
tures. Many tomatoes fail to
pollinate properly when the
temperature dips below 58
degrees. Other environmental
conditions that interfere with
proper blossom development
are sudden periods of cool
weather, beating rains and ex
cessive applications of nitro
cen fertilizer.
Hormone Treatment
A tomato plant will set fruil
earlier if the bloom is sprayed
with a hormone. However,
this early fruit will probably
be seedless and tWe tomatoes
may be deformed.
Corn Earworm
Tiie corn enrwonn is one of
the most destructive pests in
the vegetable garden. The
worm enters the tips of the
corn ear and feeds on the silk
and kernels.
In the home garden an indi
vidual ear treatment, which is
very effective, can be follow
ed. With this hand-daubing
method a can of 5 per cent
DDT dust is hung around the
neck of the operator and the
dust daubed directly on the
silk and husk necks with a
brush. Three or four ears can
he treated from each renewal
of dust from the can.
This application should be
applied so as to contact the
ilks as soon after they appear
possible. The application
1iouId be followed by two or
three more applications at ap
proximately three day inter
vals. The use of DDT for corn
rarwnrm control will result
in detectable residues on corn
stover, husks, stalks and can
nery waste This fodder has
a zero (01 tolerance for DDT
and should not be fed to poul
try, dairy animals or liw
s'ock heme finished for
s!,,tichter. The tolerance es
tablished for corn kernels fnr
human consumption is met be
e.Tuse of the protection afford
'ri by the husks
ginal subsistence farmer
gardless of what or where he
is producing" without burden
ing all agriculture with pro
duction restrictions and mar
ket controls.
For Oregon's diverse agri
culture, Southworth sees merit
in the suggestions that a farm
lease or farm retirement pro
gram will help solve the mar
ginal operators' problem. This
would afford an alternative to
production and would free
those who can produce for the
competitive market to do so
with all the vigor, knowledge
and efficiency at their dis
posal. Farm Lease Advantages
He sees merit in this ap
proach because: (1) it's volun
tary with the individual de
ciding whether to get in or get
out: (2) it would permit the
market to move freely as the
easiest and most efficient way
to set prices; (3) it increases
the general agricultural ef
ficiency by permitting the ef
ficient operator to go full
steam ahead; and (4) it takes
care, of the person unable to
operate in a competitive sys
tem. Southworth told the bank
ers that "while these are ag
ricultural problems, they are
also problems the importance
of which bankers comprehend
and understand and can help
in solutions through promot
ing understanding throughout
the business community."
He said he drew heavily for
technical information upon
the work of Dr. Grant Blanch,
O.S.U.; this shows Oregon ag
riculture is adversely affected
by the tax structure.
Plant Culprits
By Oregon Department
Salem - The man on the
street and the lady in the
kitchen are familiar with
state and local police officers
who take care of obstreperous
newcomers and floaters of the
human variety.
But few are so well ac
quainted with the small corps
of investigators looking for
traveling culprits of another
kind and on another front.
These culprits are insects
and bugs, viruses, fungi and
disease - spreaders that can
make a home garden, flowers
or acres of field crops look
like a forsaken battlefield.
The investigators are the
state's survey entomologists
and pathologists whose busi
ness it is to search out intrud
ers of these species and push
the alarm button when they
appear.
An example of what goes
on year after year to protect
Oregon agriculture and home
gardens is conveyed in the re
port made to the recent west
ern plant board meeting in
Wyoming by Harold J. Foster,
plant division staff, Oregon
department of agriculture.
Here's some of the story:
New Surveys
New surveys show no fur
ther trouble from Dogwood
borers which hitchhiked in on
shipments from a southeast
ern stale in 1960 and were
apprehended and fumigated.
They searched at airports
and arterial highways for the
devastating Japanese beetle,
which alarmed California two
years ago by appearing in the
statchouse grounds at Sacra
mento. It's not in Oregon-yet.
This year would be a strategic
one for it to appear, what
with the heavy tourist travel
to the Seattle fair.
On the Atlantic seaboard,
the Japanese beetle cuts an
estimated S10 million damage
swath through farm crops,
lawns and ornamentals-which
explains why Oregon's plant
H a w k s h a w s have been
trapping regularly for it since
1945.
The khapra beetle, a glut
ton that can work ii. way
through as much as 40 per
cent of stored grain in a year,
is another target for the sur
vey entomologists. They again
searched all known Oregon
grain and feed retail outlets
and warehouses for this pest.
Fortunately for Oregon, U
was not found.
Surveys continue for other
unwanted pests which might
i multiply under Oregon s cli
' malic conditions, also still
missirg. These include the
I European corn borer. Euro
pean chafer, gypsy moth, im
ported fire ant. white fringed
j beetle and Asiatic beetle.
Nor do the three men lonk
! ing for pests overlook re-
surveys for those that have
gained a toehold but are held
I in check by timely controls
suggested by the state univcr
! sity research and extension
1 teams These include the Ori
! cntal fruit moth which is par
I tial to peach trees: spotted al
1 falfa aphid which appeared in
Jackson and Malheur hay
crops; cyclamen mile, now at
j low ebb and of apparent little
J threat to strawberries, and
I the pea leaf miner, which
Stravteppy fta noting
Control in State Fields
Corvallis - Oregon straw-
j berry growers, nearing the I
peak of harvest, are ahead
this year in the annual fight
with their old enemy, fruit
rot, but a warm, damp spell
could once again make a dif
ference after the cool spring.
Even though growers must
still face the threat of fruit
rot every season, several ad
vances have been made
against the enemy in recent
years, reports Dr. E. K.
Vaughan, plant pathologist
with the Oregon State Uni
versity Agricultural Experi
mental Station. Chief among
these have been new chem
icals for control and new
knowledge about fruit rot and
how it works.
Contrary to popular belief,
strawberry fruit rot isn't
caused by the weather, al
although it is a contributing
factor. Fruit rot is caused by
a fungus. Botrytis cincrca,
which loves warm, humid
conditions and secretes an
enzyme which causes the fruil
to deteriorate.
Although Oregon berry
fields got lots of moisture this
spring, cool temperature kept
the fungus from functioning
at the peak level reached in
other years.
Three relatively new chem
ical materials have appeared
on the market to aid growers
in their fight. Although no
material will always be
"best," Captan has shown the
most consistent performance
locally, followed by Thiram
and Dyrene, Dr. Vaughan
said.
To help the growers, a
series of spray recommenda
tions for control have been
developed by OSU following
tests at Corvallis and North
Willamette Branch experi
ment station.
Sought
damaged some onions two
years ago.
The plant diseases occupy
the pathologists and backing
both groups of disease sleuths
are laboratory facilities and
reams of reference material.
And if a new pest or disease
stumps them, OSU specialists,
the federal laboratories at
Beltsville, Maryland, or other
sources participate in the
final determinations.
Pear Measles
On the disease side, the cur
rent report reveals that a sys
tematic survey of mid-Willamette
valley pear orchards
found two instances of pear
measles - also a similar but
more serious disease in Bart
lett pears growing on Old
Home understock with quince
roots. Soil samples were
taken for possible laboratorv
recovery of a hop nematode
reported on two properties in
an adjoining slate.
A spring revival of stem
rusts in the Willamette valley
grasses and cereals may be
linked with susceptible bar
berries. In some years the
stem rust has caused severe
damage in some eastern Ore
gon wheat fields.
Trapping for pests with
nets, sticky boards, night
lights and other devices con
tinues throughout the sum
mer and early fall. Counter
parting this is the field and
orchard and nursery surveys
for signs of possible new dis
eases thai could be costly to
country and town growers.
The boys and girls in Medford and the Rogue River Valley are out
of school now to enjoy a summer of fun. PLEASE help them to
keep enjoying it! Youngsters will still be going to school play
grounds and playing at home . . . they are apt to dash into the
street anytime . . . into the path of YOUR car. The Medford Traffic
$aaW&& ta 8ib. qbdpoqd, Oregon
At Corvallis, various rates )
of application were tested
while at the North lllamette !
j station chemicals were ap- i
plied at a uniform rate in all
tests, with only the amount I
of water, used as a carrier for
the chemicals, varied. The
tests showed that the amount
of the material used and the
way it is applied to the plants
are important.
Timing of control sprays is
also important, t h e plant
pathologist pointed out. ad
ding that it docs little good
to spray or dust for fruit rot
after the plants quit bloom
ing. This was one of the early
discoveries in the knowledge
of fruit rot.
When scienlists first start
ed working on the problem,
the fruit itself was treated as
a preventive measure. Then
it was found that the fungus
spreads from the blossoms to
the fruit and that for best
control, growers have to spray
or dust when the blooms are
dying or dead.
Another breakthrough was
the finding of organisms in
side the fruit which seem to
work against fruit rot fungus.
Dr. Vaughan said. These or
ganisms under certain condi
tions act as sort of "police
men," keeping fruil rot out
of the berry, he explained.
OSU scientists are continuing
their studies of the inter
action of these organisms in
the hope of learning even
more about effective control
methods.
But, for now. chemical
spraying is the most effective
control weapon, Dr. Vaughan
continued. The chemicals
have no effect on the process
ing qualities of the berries or
upon their firmness and fla
vor and leave no residues.
Effective control of fruit
rot costs money, the scientists
said, and from an economic
standpoint the grower who
isn't aiming for high, yields
from his berries may prefer
to "take his chances." For the
growers who produce between
two and five tons per acre,
spraying against fruit rot is
good insurance against ex
treme losses, particularly in
years of bad fruit rot. Dr.
Vaughan believes.
However, he stressed, con
trol is absolutely necessary
for the growers who aim at
producing 5 to 10 tons of ber
ries per acre because plants
are larger with more foliage
and more moisture around
them. In this grower group,
it is not unusual to increase
production by as much as two
tons per acre by following a
regular spray program, he
noted.
If a field has a little fruit
rot infection in it, a hard rain
or irrigation can rause the
fungus to make rapid prog
ress, he explained. In these
cases, some growers irrigate
anyway, figuring the larger
berries later will offset any
immediate loss due to fruit
rot, he said.
BRILL
METAL WORKS
Commercial Industrial
Residential Sheet Metal Work
Stainless, Galvanized
and Copper Fabrication
2287 West Main
PHONE 772-4440 B
f?f Receive Cash Awards From
Cei. cli :
jiuic hjiiiuidraiiip wuminibbiun
Eugene -ten- The State
Scholarship
commission has
announced awarding of 171
cash scholarships to high
school seniors for purpose of
attending Oregon public and
private colleges and univer
sities. The grants range in value
to $500 and may be renewed
for a maximum of four years
as long as the applicant re
mains eligible. The commis
sion acted under a legislative
act.
Commission mem bers in
clude Chairman E. B. Lemon,
Corvallis; Mrs. Cheryl Mac
Naughton, Portland; Lynn Mc-
Cready, Eugene; Thomas Scan-
Ion. Portland, and Sidney
Schlesinger, Salem.
Winners, by county, in
cluded:
Baker: Sally Davis. Sue
Strong and Joanne Welsh. Ba
ker; T. Greg Remaklaus, Pine
Valley, and Dennis Braswell,
Eagle Valley.
Clackamas: Forbes David
son, Nicholas McEklem, Bri-
390 Fat Lambs
Shipped in Pod
Approximately 390 fat
lambs were shipped out Sun
day through t h e Jackson
county lamb pool to San Fran
cisco, County Agent Earle
Jossy reported.
Price paid was 21 cents a
pound. Lambs were reported
in "pretty good shape" this
year.
A wool pool shipment is
planned for July 10 from
Southern Oregon Sales ship
ping dock, Jossy said. An
nouncement of the new wool
incentive payment is expect
ed soon, he added.
HOW MUCH CAN YOU USE?
Cish Monthly Payments For
YouG" 24 Mo. 18 Mo. 12 MoT
$200 $10.41 $13.07 $TfT61
300 15.62 19.60 27.77
BOO 26.04 32.67 46.20
700 36.45 45.75 64.81
1000 52.08 65.35 92.6!)
1600 78.12 98.02 138.88
Loam Up To $3500
A service offered by Commercial Credit Plan.
Incorporated of Mcdford
311 N. BARTLETT ST.
Phone 773-7404
" ii
, an LeVee and Gary Weiss.
I Milwaukie; Joanne Berg-
strom
Marilyn Gin ana oer-
aid Wolcott, Clackamas; John
Lathrop, Oregon City; Nicola
Thomsen, West Linn; Edward
Bernard, Suzanne Byrd and
Roberta Kennedy, Sandy.
Clatsop: Julie Ann Thomp
son, Alice Timmerman and
Janice Snow, Astoria; Bever
ly Smits, Seaside; D. Ricky
Edwards Mid David Reed,
Warrenlon.
St. Htleni Girl Wins
Columbia: Judith Jacobs
and Jeffrey Wycoff, Rainier;
Sharon Williams, St. Helens;
Karen Davis. Scappoose.
Coos: Margaret Lorenz,
Bandon; Dennis Chenowcth.
Tamara Roseman, Richard
Van Calcar, Linda Wells and
Martin Young, Marshfield;
John Christiansen, North
Bend; Frances Stevens, Co
quille; Laura Hill, Powers.
Crook; Robert Cooper and
Donna Hereford; Crook Coun
ty high.
Curry: Connie Shaw and
Sherry Dahrens, Pacific high.
Deschutes: Ann Dyer and
Priscilla Miller, Bend; Bonnie
Nordman, Redmond.
Douglas: Hayward D. Reed
and Daniel Dodd, Douglas;
Marilyn Brown and Judy Le
vine. Drain; Carol Fuller and
Ralph Shirtcliff, Myrtle
RECORD CONTRIBUTIONS
New York -IUPII- A record
total of $501,693,627 in con
tributions was received in
local United Fund and Com
munity Chest campaigns last
fall, it has been announced
by the United Community
Funds and Councils of Ameri
ca. The organization said the
funds were collected in 2.200
local campaigns in the United
States and Canada. The total
was $23 million more than
the amount contributed in the
previous year.
More people every day
BORROW
this pleasant way-
If your budget is out of balance, call
on Commercial Credit Plan. Our
personal loan service is fast, friendly
and convenient. That's why thousands
of families prefer to use Commercial
Credit Plan . . . why more people
every day borrow this pleasant way.
COMMERCIAL
CREDIT PLAN
hum maim iii i
Creek; June Brainard, Can
yonville; Thelma S o 1 e i m,
Reerisporl; Ann Walker, Rid
dle; Myra Holland, Sutherlin,
and Robert Gable, Roseburg.
Harney: Laura Miller,
Crane high.
Hood River: Lois Holste,
Wy-easl.
Jackson: Judith Eberhart
and Peggy Parsons. Ash
land; James Tungatft. Med
ford; James Nelson and Jef
frey Anhorn. Crater.
Jefferson: R. Hugh Vibbert,
Madras.
Klamath: Richard Currin,
Theodore Mason, Susan Paris
otto, Sharon Snider and Rob
ert Spencer, Klamath Falls.
Lane: Woodra Gallo and
John Palmer, Cottage Grove;
Stanley Meyers and Sally Ra
vizza, North Eugene; Sharon
Morgan and Lynn Tramp,
Junction City; Barbara Cros
by, Coburg; Ardis Gronroos,
Elmira; Arline Adams, Sius
law; Larry Tischer. Oakridge;
Susan Hingson, Springfield;
Mary Aleen Crabb, Thurston;
Sylvia Waddle, Westfir.
Lincoln: Nancy Jackson and
I : w
MM
I,
i,
U . f :
fi -1 r.'
X M o ifj
Safety Council urges YOU to make SAFE DRIVING a very person
al responsibility. Have your car thoroughly checked for safety . . .
be doubly careful to observe traffic signs and regulations . . .
watch out for children everywhere and give them the right of
way!
wiuw.,rr.iinjii inn .
TUESDAY, JULY 3.
Patricia Lourine, Taft; Joyce
Day, Waldport, and Michael
Erickson, Newport.
Linn: Barbara Buchanan,
Susan Fiegenbaum, Larry Mc
Daniel, Dianne Schmidt and
Frank Thompson, Albany; Da
vid Nielsen and Kenneth Rob
erts, Sweet Home; Edith
Malheson, Lebanon; Jean Lu
can, Central Linn.
Malheur: Bruce Hamilton,
Judy Johnson and Denise Mu
rata, Ontario; Paul Okano,
Nyssa.
Marion: Robert Comic, Bet
ty Shelton and Janee Speight,
North Salem: Daniel Foster
and Lynel Seines, Cascade;
James Spence, Silverton; Kay
Urban, South Salem, Judy
Stroschinc, Stay ton; and
Charles Volz, Mt. Angel.
Polk: Dianne Van Order,
Dallas; Peggy Norris, Cen
tral. Sherman: Lynda Mardcn,
Sherman County High. j
Tillamook: Bonita Hender-;
son, Kerry Honey, Loretta I
Weston, Tillamook; Janet Al-
berding and Sandra Phillips,
Neah-Kah-Nie. i
Umatilla: Richard Furrer,
Hcrmiston; Nolan Ferguson,
Weston; Nancy Rugg, Pilot j
Rock; Stanley Morgan and
Huletta Johnson, McLoughlin
High. I
Growers who
know their apples
(and pear),..
use
Kelthane
Kei.thane milicide kills F.uropean reel, 2-spolted,
Willamette, apple rust. Cyclamen, brown almond and many
oilier orchard miles. Kelthane kills fast and its long resid
ual action finishes off migrants and late-hatching colonies.
Safe even for new foliage and sensitive fruil-finishe9 when,
used as recommended. Compatible with most orchard,
pesticides. Won't barm beneficial insects. For hard-to-weC
foliage, add Triton
B-1 956, the non-oil
spreader-sticker. Your
dealer has both products.
See him soon.
Published in cooperation
with the Medford Traffic
Safety Council by The
Mail Tribune
1962
Union: Robert Cockrcll, Un
ion. Wallowa: Jackqueline Pow
ers, Enterprise.
Wasco: Sharon Taylor. The
Dalles; Gary Miller, Wasco
County High.
Washington: Roger Berg
man and Frederick Dunbar.
Washington: Jeffrey Earnest,
Beaverton; Michael Salveson,
H'llsboro; Douglas Jones, Sun
set; Sharon Strom, Sherwood;
Richard Newlin, Jesuit.
Wheeler: Kobert Williams,
Mitchell.
Yamhill: Andrew Bristol,
Frank Kowing and Judith Mc
Kenzie, McMinnville; Linda
Pollock and Ronald Sloan,
Sheridan; Steven Talmadge,
Amity and Monty Elliott, Wil.
lamina.
"7 Builders Supply
QUALITY
BLOCKS
Chimneys
727
W. McAndrtwi
PHONI 77J-4575
ROHIV1
HA&AS
A I rrestred
VfW c'"'c",