MEDFORD MAIL TBIBUNE. MEDFOHD. CtfCSON
THURSDAY. UNE 28. 196J
FBI Director Enjoys Distinction Even President Can't Claim
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HAS DISTINCTION FBI Director J. Edgar
Hoover enjoys a distinction even President
Kennedy can't claim. He is Immune Irom
political sniping. No politician In his right
mind will attack him openly. They might
criticize, but their words are tempered not
from fear but from admiration for a man
whose service and integrity have carved him
a special niche in the nation's hall of fame.
Hoover, (center) is shown with President
Kennedy (left) and Attorney General Robert
Kennedy in this Feb. 23, 1981, file photo.
(UPI)
By GEORGE J. MARDER
United Press International
Washington -WTD- FBI Di
rector J. Edgar Hoover enjoys
a distinction even President
Kennedy can t claim.
He is immune from politi
cal sniping.
No politician in his right
mind will attack him openly.
They might criticize, but their
words are tempered. This is
not from fear but from ad
miration, perhaps grudging at
times, for a man whose serv
ice and integrity have carved
him a special niche In the na
tion's hall of fame. ,
Hoover recently entered his
38th year as head of the coun
try's No. 1 police agency. He
celebrated the anniversary
without fanfare and worked
as usual in his justice depart
ment office.
But it was a different story
at the capitol. There, con
gressman after congressman
marked the occasion with
flowing tributes to the 67-year-old
lawyer and crime
specialist
The President also took
note of the date. So did his
younger brother, Atty. Gen.
Robert F. Kennedy who said
he hopes Hoover will still be
with the FBI long after he -
Robert - leaves the cabinet.
On the FBI payroll when
Hoover, then a young lawyer,
took over were drunkards,
ex-convicts, politicians, friends
of politicians and political
hacks.
The agency was a dumping
ground for political patron
age. Its effectiveness as a
crime investigating agency
was minus zero.
But Hoover cleaned house
in two swoops.
First he fired the ex-convicts.
Then the drunks. And
he made life so miserable for
the political appointees that
some quit. Others were hoot
ed out.
He Ihen laid down ground
rule No. 1 - No political ap
pointments to the FBI. It
was not going to be a de
pository for patronage from
cither party.
Changes came swiftly. But
it took years to wipe out the
agency's bad reputation "and
build up a new one.
Hoover joined the FBI -then
known as the Bureau of
Investigation - In 1917. With
in five years he rose to as
sistant director. In 1924 a
shakeup of the corruption
ridden agency forced the res
ignation of Director William
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Hoover was named acting di
rector while then Atty. Gen.
Harlan Flske Stone scarchec
for "the best available man."
Seven months later Stone
called In the hard - driving
Hoover to his office and said
he had found the man - 29-
year-old John Edgard Hoov
er. This marked the turning
point in federal crime detec
tion. At the time he look over
his agents had to use street
cars to get around. They were
not armed and had no powers
of arrest. The bureau had no
up to date scientific crime de
tection equipment.
Public indignation aroused
by the Charles A. Lindbergh
Jr., kidnaping and rise of the
John Dillinger gang helped
change all this. Once the pub
lic was aware the FBI needed
more' powers, Hoover and
then Atty. Gen. Homer S.
Cummings had no trouble
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winning congressional approv-.
al. !
Hoover got money for the
best crime laboratory, the
best guns, the best auto
mobiles for his agents. In 1934
congress gave him anti-crime
laws to blot out gang lawless
ness that had swept the coun
try. In short order the FBI
rooted out Dillinger, Machine
Gun Kelly, the Barkens, Pret
ty Boy Floyd and Frank Nash.
Then it caught up with Alvin
Karpis, who had inherited the
title of Public Enemy No. 1.
Later, Karpis broke jail and
Hoover led the raiding party
that captured hirti in a Chi
cago apartment.
Hoover's next offensive was
against jewel and bond thefts
and white slavery.
"The job is never done,"
he said at the time.
His agency went on a war
basis long before World War
II. The effectiveness of hts
preparations was demonstrat
ed later by the fact that dur
ing the war there was not one
instance of foreign - directed
sabotage.
Eight would-be Nazi saba
teurs landed by German sub
marines were captured before
they could cause havoc with
explosives they had brought
along. Six of the men were
electrocuted, the others im
prisoned.
Hoover not only directed
the roundup but served with
then Atty. Gen. Francis Bid
die in prosecuting the Ger
mans before a military commission.
The FBI director's next
campaign, and the one he still
prosecutes most vigorously
today, was against the "Red
Fascist" menace, better known
as communism. In addition he
is an arch foe of juvenile de
linquency and organized
crime. In a recent speech at
which he received another of
many decorations, Hoover
said:
"A tidal wave of lawless
tyranny is now surging from
the criminal and subversive
underworlds. Our national
conscience, our heritage of
freedom, the entire cause of
decency, are being severely
tested by these deadly enemies."
In another typical speech
he said that "a more despic
able person does not exist than
a dishonest policeman." And
in crimes of violence he fav
ored equal treatment for
juveniles and adults. "I can
see no difference." he said
"between a 17-year-old who
wilfully robs, rapes or kills
and a person of greater age
who commits the same acts. I
am disgusted by misguided
sentimentalists who want to
pamper and excuse teen - age
thugs . . ."
Hoover, who takes great
pride in his own cooking, has
remained a bachelor, not be
cause he doesn't like women
but because his first and only
love is the agency he has built
into the most powerful, yet
perhaps most popular, detec
tive force In American his
tory. As Look magazine once
said, the FBI "has become his
living monument."
Hoover's salary is $22,000
a year. Some years ago con
gress voted to pay him at that
rate until his death.
As usual the FBI chief's
current security and crime
targets are wrapped in mys
tery. But It can be assumed
that organizrd crime and com
munism are at the top of his
slate.
He has an operating budget
of about $125 million a year.
Even economy - minded con
gressmen agree it is well
spent.
Hoover made many changes
in FBI methods of ferreting
out crime. But he is proudest
of something much more in
tangible than John Dillinger
and other notorious criminals
he hunted down. This was the
spirit of integrity and inde
pendence he brought to Mie
FBI - something unique in
politically minded Washington.
In these later days no poli
tician dares to try to put a
political tinge on the FBI
payroll or the agency's pro
cedures. The esteem enfold
ing it was evidenced a few
years ago when its files be
came the subject of a hot
dispute.
The U. S- Supreme Court
had ruled that secret files
must be made available to de
fendants in criminal trials
which involved the FBI.
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The files are the most care
fully guarded of all FBI se
crets. Not even congressmen
or cabinet officers are allow
ed to see them although sum
maries have been prepared at
times in accordance with law.
The FBI did not have to de
fend itself - or its files. The
White House, the attorney
general and congress moved
quickly to protect the bureau.
There was no concern about
the agency having the secrets
but no one wanted them open
ed to public view. The gov
ernment dropped prosecution
of that particular case just to
guarantee sanctity of the
files.
Congress then took legis
lative steps to soften the ef
fect of the court ruling. The
vote in the House was 315 to 0
and in the Senate 74 to 2.
There is another distin
guishing feature of the FBI
record under Hoover. The
agency has never grabbed for
power. Quite the opposite.
Hoover has warned repeated
ly against giving the FBI jobs
it wasn't intended to do. He
fears that wrongly inspired .
changes could convert the
agency into a national police
force.
As of now, his long years
of service show no signs of
ending. One of the first things j
President Kennedy did on
taking office was to ask Hoov
er to stay on. Politicians in
both major parties were
pleased. To them Hoover has
made the abbreviation FBI
stand not only for Federal
Bureau of Investigation but
for a Federal Bureau of Integrity.
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