Farm &
New Youth
To Show Ag Opportunities
Corvallis An extension
youth program in marketing
that Introduces young men
and women to career oppor
tunities in agricultural busi
ness and industry is scheduled
to be launched in at least six
Oregon counties next fall
after a successful trial run
in Deschutes county this year.
The Town and Country
Business program uses local
businessmen and resources to
show high school students the
Jobs available to trained per
sonnel in agricultural business
and industry, reports Ray H.
Teal, an extension service
marketing specialist at Ore
gon State University and su
pervisor of the program.
Objectives of the Town and
Country Business program are
to provide greater understands
ing of business as it operates
in the agricultural marKeung
field and to explore and dis
cuss employment opportuni
ties in business closely relat
ed to agriculture.
To Point To Neadi
In addition, the program
will point to needs and bene
fits of training and education
for those who seek employ
ment with agricultural busi
ness firms, teach basic eco
nomic facts and give those
who are going into farming a
better appreciation of the
problems and structure of ag
ricultural marketing.
Less than 10 per cent of
today's youths will farm, Teal
points out, but 40 per cent
of the nation's workers are
Involved with agriculture in
some form. The program gives
an opportunity to young peo
ple to see how big agricul
ture is and the career oppor
tunities available in it, as well
292 Cattle Sold
In Midway
Sale;
Market Active
Eighty-four consignors sold
202 cattle, 65 hogs and 35
sheep at the Midway Auction
yard's-regular Friday, June
15 sale.
Owner-Manager Bill Bray
reported the market active
and steady. Seventeen dealer,
packer and order buyers at.
tended.
Good choice steer calves
brought $26 to $29. Most good
calves sold above $27. Med
ium calves sold for $22 to
$25.50.
Good to choice heifer
calves sold for $24 to $29.50.
Medium heifers sold for $21
to $23.50. Yearling steers sold
for $22 to $25.60. Medium
steers brought $20 to $23.
Yearling heifers brought
$22 to $23.25. Medium heifers
sold for $19 to $21.50.
Holstein Calves
Holstein stoer calves sold
for $20 to $22.75. Feeders
weighing 600 pounds brought
$20.90 to $21.40. Heavy feed
ers sold for $19 to $20.50.
Good cows and calves sold
for $185 to $202.50. Medium
pairs went out at $145 to $165.
Registered Angus cows sold
from Heather Angus ranch for
$325 to $400 a head.
Fat cows brought $15 to
$16.70. Utility cows sold for
$14 to $15.80. Cutters sold
for $12 to $13.75. Slaughter
bulls brought $19 to $19.70
Choice veal sold for $26 to
$29.
Fat hogs sold for $17.90
sows for $13 to $14.70, feeder
pigs brought $20 to $22 per
hundredweight, good weaners
$9 to $12.50 and little pigs
54.25 to $8.50.
Hardin Joins
"I wish to announce that
Slim Hardin has Joined our
organization as field repre
sentative," said Bray. "Slim
will make a fine addition to
our crew and will aid us a
great deal in our effort to
give better service and pro-
vine a better market at Mid
way." Bray also reported he and
his wife are leaving tomorrow
(Wednesday) for Rapid City,
S.D., to attend the "Livestock
Marketing Congress." Brav is
district director for the Na
tional Livestock Markets As
sociation representing Wash
ington and Oregon. They vr ill
return Monday, June 25.
A Board Meeting for
JACKSON COUNTY
STOCKMEN'S
ASSN.
Will Be Held it 8 P.M.
THURSDAY
in the County
Extension Auditorium
Purpou: To ttl the feeder salt
date. All Interested eleeie at
tend. 111 dutt and ether mail
nr be addranad to: Box 386,
Phoenia.)
Support tour data end county
cattlaman'i erganiiatient.
TUESDAY. JUNE 19. 19E2
Garden
Program Set
as possibly sparking interest
in obtaining the training past
high school needed for the
Job.
Joining Deschutes county
with plans to offer the pro
gram next fall are Douglas,
Curry, Jackson, Lincoln, Polk
and Benton counties, Teal
said. Other areas also may be
involved by that time.
In each case, Teal stressed,
the program will be tailored
to meet local needs and to
make full utilization of local
resources. Some counties are
planning to incorporate the
program in high school social
studies classes.
The program is set up to
run 10 months. In all cases,
the specialist added, the pro
gram will be headed locally
by a volunteer lay leader,
with assistance available from
county agents. Teal and C. L.
Smith, state extension agent.
Subjects which students
will cover include what mar
keting means to them, assem
bly and storage, transporta
tion, processing, packaging,
sales and service, wholesaling, J
retailing, financing, advertis
ing and the food service in
dustry. Plans call for local business
men who best illustrate each
section of the program to
speak to the class on one of
the topics. This would then be
followed by a tour of a local
plant or business where points
covered in the lecture would
be illustrated.
Can Be Extended
There is a possibility that
the Town and Country Busi
ness program can develop into
a two or three year program
if the students involved ex
press an interest in continu
ing their studies in the field,
Teal said. In Pennsylvania,
where the the program was
pioneered, this has happened
and has resulted in part-time
employment and, in some
cases, college scholarships and
promises of Jobs after gradua
tion.
The Town and Country Bus
iness program was developed
by Pennsylvania State Uni
versity under a contract from
the Federal Extension Serv
ice. Teal served as one of the
regional advisors on the proj
ect. Control Hoppers
Now, OSU Advises
Oregon Farmers
Corvallis - Now is the time
to control grasshoppers, just
as they start to hatch, R. W.
Every, Oregon State univer
sity extension entomology
specialist, reminds Oregon
farmers and ranchers.
Insecticides can be most ef
fective if used while the grass
hoppers arc still small and
near their hatching beds, and
before they disperse over
fields and ranges, he empha
sized.
A number of chemicals
are effective nainsl grass
hoppers. The choice of male-
rial used will be determined
by the insecticide residue
which may remain on the
crop, he stressed. County ex
tension agents can advise
those interested on the prop
er insecticide to use.
The fight against grasshop
pers is already underway in
Hnmey county. Every reports.
The conlrol effort is spear
headed by county extension
agents. State Department of
Agriculture and U.S. Depart
ment of Agriculture represen
tatives after a survey last fall
Indicated a heavy infestation
would occur this spri.ig.
Juit Hatching
The grasshoppers are Just
beginning to hatch and the
i-Kg bed areas are being spray
ed. The hatch may continue
for some time, the specialist
said, because some land which
Is now flooded for irrigation
may later produce the insects.
Similar work is also being
considered for range land in
Grant county, but it has been
difficult to proper!.' assess the
situation due to the inclement
weather. Every raid Cool.
wet weather at the time of
the hatch Is fatal to the in
sects. No other areas of Ore
gon show signs of similar in
festations. In the surveys conducted
last fall by the Agricultural
Research Service of the I'S
DA, indications were that
grasshoppers were likely to
become a serious threat to
more than 13 million acres of
rangelands this sum icr, with
the majority of the land in
Montana. Signs of severe In
festations were also found in
places In Idaho, Oregon, Utah
and Wyoming. Grasshoppers
thrive in dry weather and
conditions' In the past two
years in the West and Mid
west have contributed to
FROM
THE
nonnun
UHVUilU
IID
ur
By BART BARTLETT
There are several nice
specimen trees of Magnolia
and Eastern Tulip growing
in this area. The Magnolia
trees are producing blossoms
now.
Some of the Tulip trees
may have produced blossoms
very early without notice by
the writer. The good health of
these trees and especially of
Magnolia after the severe cold
of this past February comes
as a mild surprise. The Tulip
trees have and commonly do
survive some severe cold, but
only after a suitable period of
pre-conditioning. Neither of
these trees are apt to produce
viable seeds in this area.
Tomatoes that have produc
ed blossoms for the past 3V4
weeks have not set any fruits
yet. The night-time tempera
tures have been too low for
effective fruit set by tomato
plants.
Manv late planted ramsn-
es are going to seed without
producing a large bulb root.
This is due to the length of
day as the radish is of the
plant type that flowers and
seeds during long days.
Many plants that come up
during early spring will grow
to relatively great heights
and produce a great quantity
of seeds. However, if these
same plants were to be kept
from producing flowers and
seeds by mowing, they would
finally produce as few as one
seed on a stalk or stem as
short as one-half inch in
height. In some instances the
length of the dark period
(night) controls the fruiting
habit of plants. This short
dark effect on plants is not
well understood at the present
time.
Peaches Well Laden
All peach varieties are well
laden with fruit this year.
The same seems to be true
for all of the stone fruits.
The winter pear varieties
are going through a rather
heavy June drop. Some time
must elapse before the size
of crop on winter pear varie
ties will be apparent.
As the weather warms up,
increased attention should
be given to the maintenance
of growth on young fruit
trees. Frequently such trees
grow well until the hot wea
ther arrives, then they set ter
minal buds and grow no more
the current season. The trick
is to observe young trees care
fully when growth is slowing
up and either apply water or
fertilizer or both and keep
them growing.
Having weather to dale has
been very good.
This sort of weather should
start the officials inspecting
the Butte Falls-Fish Lake
road, as well as the others
thai lead to cooler climates
and good fishing. In past
years these roads have been
well and frequently inspected
during the heat of summer.
Fads and Fats,
Fallout on Diet
For SDA Session .
Salem - Dairy and Con
sumer Services and Plant In
dustry personnel of the state
department of agriculture will
gather in Salem June 26-27
for their annual spring con
ference and workshop.
Setting the pace for the va
ried program will be Director
3. F. Short s opening talk on
"Building Agriculture." Lat
est developments in two much
discussed fields will conic
from Dr. Margaret L. Fincke,
home economics staff, and Dr.
John R. Prince, radiation safe
ty control officer, both of
OSU. Their respective sub
jects: "Fads and Fats" and
"Facts on Fallout." Dr. Har
old F. Hollands, also of OSU.
will appear to field any ques
tions posed in the agricultur
al economics realm.
Food Sanitation
Within the regulatory field
of department work, special
attention will center on the
balloon bread decision, food j
sanitation problems and the,
new integrated program in '
several official fields of pes-!
ticide and residue work.
Considerable discussion and
study will evolve around en
forcement of labeling laws in
such consumer fields as meat '
products, processed foods, bak-1
cry. dairy and produce prod-1
nets and eggs. Business, prop-,
erty control and personnel
matters relating to staff pco-!
pile are also on t lie agenda.
Problems in internal and
external communications will
wind up the two-day session,
with dairy inspectors to hold
over for an additional day s
meeting.
Heading the conference are -Assistant
Director O. K. Bonis
and Division Chiefs Kenneth
. tail and lluajli Taylor
Chit Chat
By JOE COWLEY
Mail Tribune Farm Editor
The status of the European Common Market in relation
to the United States and Britain still seems to be "if, and,
or, but."
Nobody seems to know,
handle President Kennedy's
Also, no definite reports are out yet on the talks be
tween French President de Gaulle and British Prime Minister
Macmillan on the Common Market. A fruit industry man
here who is a recognized authority on import-export mat
ters says he doesn't expect any immediate results. "It's a
long row to hoe," he commented. No reports are forthcoming
from his overseas contacts except de Gaulle has modified
his stand somewhat on Britain entering the European Com
mon Market.
The big problem there is still the British Commonwealth
and its agricultural products. England wants to bring the
Commonwealth into the Common Market with it and the
French so far oppose it. France is an agricultural exporter
and Germany, another partner in the Common Market, is an
agricultural importer. France wants to absorb the German
market. Britain wants to keep the ECM markets open for
her commonwealth. Members of the British Commonwealth
such as New Zealand, Australia and Canada which form a
sort of "common market" with England.
De Gaulle seems determined to make France a major
power as part of the Common Market. Or, the Common
Market may be developed as a "fifth power." Even Euro
pean liberals would like to see Europe assumes its "rightful
position."
So, in this international
States on one hand trying to
good will and peace toward
administration is trying to
couraging development of the
is economic nationalism. Excluding non-Europeans is nation
alism. The undeclared purpose
to offset this trend.
There is nothing new under the sun. The common market
idea is not new. Bismark's Germany, 90 years ago also
started with a common market. Liberals also boosted it. After
the unification the liberals dropped or were smothered by
the nationals. So, again we look to history to foresee the
dangers of the future.
As we reported earlier, definite deadlines for each stage
of Common Market development were set earlier. The final
stage is political unification. This is what de Gaulle has
been pushing for rapidly.
Now, according to observers, de Gaulle has drawn back.
This is based on interpretation of comments from French
leaders, including de Gaulle and the ECM partners: Italy,
West Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.
France seems to be waiting
plication. Perhaps this is what is meant by the over-seas
source in referring to modification of de Gaulle's stand.
It now seems unlikely that
government leaders or their
in Rome in July to discuss a
report.
Waiting on the outside to see what Great Britain will
do is Norway. About 70 to 80 per cent of its trade is tied
in with the Common Market. Greece, an associate member,
also is watching this development, according to the Ore
gonians on the recent Greek seed mission.
There is no uncertainty over the Common Market for
Russia. Last week Russia suddenly suspended trade talks
with the French. This was interpreted as a beginning
offensive against the Common Market. The USSR possibly
considers the ECM a threat to Soviet bloc economies. Earlier
Soviet Premier Nikila S. Khrushchev was outspoken against
the Common Market. Russia wants the same "most favored
nation status" which France gives its ECM partners. France
sells Russia heavy machinery in exchange for paper pulp,
furs, coal, gasoline and ores.
This is important to the
fruit shipped to Europe goes
hard silver dollars for everything sold there. Also, Europeans
will buy fruit sizes the U.S.
important to fruitgrowers who
market when their fruit does
requirements of the comparatively few super-market buyers.
Altogether, the six Common Market countries spend over
a billion dollars more on American products than Americans
spend on ECM purchases. The potential market there is
terrific! As the standard of living rises, Europeans can afford
more fruit. Europeans consider fresh fruit and vegetables
more of a luxury than do native-born Americans.
Canada remains the most
fruits and vegetables so fruit
Canada will he brought into
land since Canada is a Commonwealth country. I
!
France is not concerned over her former African colonies
since she has obtained permission from her ECM partners
to give preferential treatment to products coming from
former French Africa. I
In this time of "brush fire wars" it is important for
the United States to maintain the economic strength of areas
in which it has key military and naval bases such as Japan
and the South American countries.
Preferential treatment for products coming into the Com
mon Market from Ihe tropical former French Africa will
seriously compete with products from Brazil, for instance.
Even Zona Libra, the proposed Soulh American common
market, would not offset any serious loss of European trade.
And no other country except Great Britain is more de
pendent than Japan on international trade.
President Kennedy wants to force Britain into the Com
mon Market so competition will stimulate the Old World
country's economic enterprises and reduce the drain on
world economy. Britain s ties with non-European countries,
particularly her Commonwealth would offset a European
nationalism. I
.
On the oilier hand. Kennedy's big stick could be easy
access to Ihe U S. market if similar terms are extended
from overseas. This includes the threat that all presently
unattached countries, economically, could form a trade bloc
around the U. S.
Fruitgrowers, particularly, want a clause In the pro
posed Trade Expansion act which would allow the United
Slates to retaliate if undue discrimination is applied to U. S.
goods. They feel this must be done now while the U. S.
still has the big slick.
Building Starts Set
Washington - I'PI' - H o m e i
building starts forged ahead1
to a record pace in May. ac-
cording to the Commerce de-
partment ;
But in hard goods nianu-!
factoring, business was not so
' snappy. Sales and new orders
held steady at April levels
and Ihe backlog of unfilled
I olden declined for the thud,
MEDFORD
of course, how Congress will
Trade Expansion act.
taffy - pull we have the United
foster an international spirit of
man. On the other, the present
set Europe on its feet by en
Common Market. The ECA
of the trade expansion act is
for a decision on Britain s ap
either the six Common Market
foreign ministers will meet
political unification, observers
Medford pear district because
in on the dollar market good
housewife doesn't use. This is
lose money in the domestic
not meet the high uniform size
import single market for U. S
growers are watching to see if
the Common Market with Eng-1
Record Pace
consecutive month,
Continuing an upsurge
which began in March, starts
on privately owned houses
rose 3 per cent last month
on a seasonally adjusted basis,
This lifted starts on such
homes to an early rate of
1.587.000, a new high. The
previous record of 1.588.000
was tet in July, 1939. I
MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFOHD.
Climate Checks Root Rot
From Spreading in Fir
Corvallis - Climatic condi
tions would seem to stop the
spread of a killing root rot
fungus in Oregon's valuable
Douglas fir forests, despite the
fact that the fungus is dam
aging ornamental shrubs in
adiseent areas, according to
preliminary research findings
at Oregon State university.
Even though the fungus ap
parently won't live in the
state's forest soils, scientists
still haven't ruled out the pos
sibility that the disease could
be transmitted from tree to
tree via root systems if it were
ever to become established.
Tree Fruit Man
Appointed by OSU
Oregon Slate University -Appointment
of an Oregon
State University extension
specialist in the production of
tree fruits and nuts was an
nounced this week. The posi
tion has been vacant for the
past 18 months.
Robert L. Stebbins comes
to Oregon State from Colo
rado State university. He was
named to the post which was
vacated with the retirement
of C. O. Rawlings, tree fruits
specialists for many years.
The new specialist will be
responsible for e x t e nsion
teaching programs in the pro
duction of tree fruits and
nuts, an important part of the
state's agricultural economy.
In 1961, tree fruit and nut
crops in Oregon were valued
at an estimated $32Vi mil
lion. Stebbins was born in Mary
land and raised in California.
He received his bachelor's de
gree in horticulture from Col
orado State and his master's
degree in pomology from the
University of California at
Davis. For the past three
years he has been engaged in
tree fruit research, concen
trating on apples and peaches,
at the Western Slope branch
experiment station of Colo
rado. Shrewsbury, Engand IUPII
A crane landed on the main
runway of Shrewsbury Air
Force Base Monday and de
layed all flying for almost an
hour while airmen chased it.
They finally captured the bird
and sent it to the Chester
zoo.
Close Out Specials On Lawn Mowers
and Vertical Springfield Tillers
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HIGHWAY 99
Phone 664
OREGON
The disease, Phytophthora
cinnamoni, is closely related
to the fungus which has
caused havoc in Port Orford
cedar stands. It was first
found in Salem in 1951, and it
was feared at that time that
Phytophthora c i n n a m o m i
could cause severe damage
and kill Douglas fir, one of
the host plants for the fungus.
OSU scientists have ana
lyzed some 1,800 forest soil
samples from western and
southern Oregon. They have
not found a trace of the dis
ease in trying to see If it can
duplicate the forest destruc
tion caused by Phytophthora
lateralis, the root rot which is
attacking the cedar. Other
parts of the forest region are
considered even less climatic
ally suited and presumed fun
gus free.
Weather Pattern
Field tests over the past five
years indicate that the weath
er pattern in the forest area
seems to work against the
establishment of the fungus in
the soil, according to Dr.
Lewis F. Roth, OSU professor
of plant pathology. He is head
ing up the research work with
E. George Kuhlman, plant
pathologist with the South
eastern Forest Experiment
station.
Findings thus far indicate
that for successful survival in
the soil, the disease needs a
high soil temperature coupled
with high soil moisture. Dr.
Roth said. In Oregon's forest
regions, in most years, soil
temperature is cool when
moisture is high and the soil
is dry when it is warmest.
Thus, while both conditions
are here, they are usually not
found in combination, he
points out.
Dr. Roth warns that It is
probably too early to assume
that no precautionary meas
ures against the fungus dis
ease will be necessary. How
ever, he points out, that de
cision can be made with
greater confidence after
studies of specific tempera
ture, moisture and soil micro
biological relationships of the
disease are completed.
Tests now being made on
the OSU campus seem to bear
out the temperature-moisture
relationship necessary for the
disease to survive, he con
tinued. Some tree kill is being
recorded on test plots that are
both artificially heated and ir
rigated during the dry season.
Check plots where trees are
-
co-Mi
IN CENTRAL POINT
- 1261 or 773-4022
growing under normal condi
tions, have not shown the
same symptoms.
In the field tests, made in a
logged over narrow east-west
valley near the eastern edge
of the coast range in coopera
tion with the bureau of land
management, the fungus was
injected into the soil three
times in five years. It failed
to survive later than June of
the same year in all cases
except two, when traces were
recovered in October, Dr.
Roth said.
Inoculated Loam Helps
The fungus survived best
when innoculated Amity loam
was introduced into the area,
he noted. During the moist
spring months, the disease
was found to have spread up
to two inches into the adja
cent forest soils, but again no
trace was found after June.
In both cases of survival into
October, the fungus was re
covered from the "foreign"
Amity soil .
During the trials, two trees
showed symptoms of the root
rot disease, but both died of
drought before the disease
could become fully establish
ed. However, the results sug
gest that under slightly dif
ferent conditions the disease
agent could well have become
established in the root sys
tems of the two trees and then
could have spread to other
trees through the root sys
tems. A general infection of root
systems would allow the dis
ease to sustain itself, even
though it could not spread via
the soil itself, Dr. Roth points
out.
In the two cases where
survival was found in Octob
er, Dr. Roth notes that in
many seasons it could have
lived long enough to reach
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the fall rainy period which Is
more favorable for fungus
growth. However, he adds, no
one can say if the disease
would have survived in the
soils, which appear less fav
orable to the fungus than the
soil types found in the floor
of the Willamette valley.
Generalization of the test
results to more moderate sites
of the Douglas fir subregion
as a whole should be done
with caution. Dr. Roth stres
sed, because the test area
featured both extreme north
ern and southern exposures
with little or no shade protection.
Feeder Sale Plans
On Thursday Agenda
A board of directors
meeting for the Jackson
County Livestock associa
tion will be held Thursday.
June 21. at 3 p.m. in the ex
tension auditorium an
nounced President Liroy
Offenbacher.
Purpose will be to set the
feeder sale date for this fall,
he said. All interested cat
tlemen are invited to at
tend, Offenbacher added.
Industrial and
Farm Equipment
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Crop Payments Arranged.
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