o
Scare Campaigns To Cut Automobile
Washington (ITD - Commit I
nity groups tempted to use .
such scare gimmiks as dummy
casKets and gruesome acci
dent pictures to promote safer
driving may find their ef
forts ba-kfiring, traffic ex
iperts warned toaay.
" At the start of the Memo
rial day holiday, expected to
-take a toll of 80 to 120 traf
..fie deaths, several highway
: safety officials said they are
convinced that "fear" cam
paigns aimed at stopping the
highway slaughter are inef
fective, if not harmful.
Russel E. Singer, executive I
vice president of the Amer-I
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Always lots ofREE ?Kg!f our big North tiittnf
lean Automobile Association
said, "these techniques are
sometimes effective in creat-
ing public interest in safety.
but . . . they are ineffective
in improving the behavior of
individual drivers."
He added, "t'ney may do
more harm than good. "
Approach Opposed
John Nesbitt, public rela
tions director of the National
Safety Council, said in Chi
cago, "we're against the shock
approach. We feel that if the
subject is handled too dis
rjistpfllllv. the nnhlir will h
repulsed into inaction."
This view was echoed by
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MEDFORD
James L. Malfetti, executive
officer of the Safety Research
and Education Project of the
Teachers College at Columbia
university.
In a paper presented to the
New York State Auto conven
tion, Malfetti maintained that
civic groups place too much I
emphasis on the use of
pictures of traffic accident
victims and on billboards de
picting the grim reaper.
With the repetition of such
material, he said, "people be
come indifferent and even un
willing." A study by the Columbia
university safety project, fi-
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MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD,
nanced in part by the AAA,
indicated that if scare cam
paigns increased the anxiety
of a drivej, "negative effects
such as disturbance of per
ception" might follow.
While stating "there are
several factors which prob-
ao'y Bc' to protect the driver
from this possibility," the
study said that It such effects
occurred while the driver was
behind the wheel, it "would
undoubtedly lead to unsafe
driving."
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Malfetti, in his paper, said,
"it is usually easier to induce
someone to recognize the de
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OREGON
Death Toll May Backfire
sirability of behavior change
in others than to see it in
himself . , . surveys have es
tablished that most drivers
the majority-consider them
selves superior."
"The wrecked cars and
broken bodies incorporated in
some scare programs go
against the image of self-esteem,"
he said.
One means of promoting
traffic safety over holidays,
when large numbers of dri
vers are on the road, has been
the National Safety Council's
forecast of how many persons
will die in auto wrecks during
the holiday period.
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11
In I9S6, the council tried
to abandon the use of the esti
mates, but certain news media
pressed for continuation.
Council officials said no one
i could claim that a single life
had been saved as a result of
traffic toll estimates. But the
council granted that their
publication gives exposure to
the problem.
Malfetti maintained that
continued civic campaigns
aimed at frightening may do
more harm than good because
"over-emphasis on scare tech
niques draws attention from
the real issue."
Outlet for Intrest
"Campaigns rooted in fear
give organizations and civic
leaders an outlet for their in-
Neuberger, Morse
Join in Effort To
Aid China
By A. ROBERT SMITH
Mail Tribune
Washington Correspondent
Washington (Special) - The
plight of Chinese refugees in
Hong Kong has stimulated
new interest on Capitol Hill
in legislation
to 1 n c r ease
sub stantial
ly the number
of Chinese
who can emi
grate to the
United States.
Sens. Maurine
N e u berger
and Wayne
Smith Morse nave
joined 27 other senators in
co-sponsoring an immigration
bill which, among other fea
tures, would increase the an
nual quota for China from
205 to 5,335.
The American immigration
quota for nearly every Asiatic
country, as well as for each
of the newly emerging nations
in Africa, is 100 per year.
The quota for Japan is 185.
China's quota of 205 in
cludes 105 Orientals and 100
Caucasian citizens of China.
Because of geographic prox
imity, any change in these
immigration quotas would
have its most noticeable con
sequence on the Pacific Coast
and in Hawaii, where most
of the Chinese Americans
live.
The 1960 census revealed
237,292 Chinese living in the
United States, out of a total
non-white population of over
20 million. Over half of these
Chinese live in the western
states, that is from the Rockies
west. California has the most
with 95,600, Hawaii has 38,
197, more than New York's
37,573. Oregon has 2.995 Chi
nese residents and Washing
ton state has 5,491. Idaho has
only 311.
Act Set in 1943
The quota of 205 for Chi
na was established in 1943,
one official said, out of sym
pathy for the Chinese who
were then America's ally in
the war against Japan. Prior
to that time the Chinese ex
clusion act of 1882 governed.
This old act arose from gen
eral antipathy on the Pacific
coast to cheap Chinese labor
imported earlier In the 19th
century to help lay the first
railroads and other jobs.
In addition to the Chinese
who have entered under the
immigration quota, others
have been admitted under
emergency refugee relief acts
since the end of World War
II. No precise figures on Chi
nese refugees were immedi
ately available from the State
department, but one official
said that from 1957 through
last year about 3,000 Chinese
refugees were brough in out
of a total of 14, 500 refugees
which Congress authorized for
admission from all over the
world without regard to regu
lar quotas.
The procedure which Pres
ident Kennedy indicated he
will use to admit several
more thousand Chinese is an
other emergency measure
authorized by Congress to ac
commodate foreign nationals
who fear persecution. There
is no limitation on the num
ber which can be paroled into
OFF STREET
PARKING
So important these day. W
have it for all funeral services
and weddings.
"To Merit Your Continued
Confidence li Our Aim"
LITWILLER
FUNERAL HOME
Highway 66 t Normal Ave.
Ashl.nd Dul 482-2816
Aihlind'i 0)f .ding Funeral Director Sine 1935
I terest in traffic." he said. But,
he added, "after participating
. . . they won't follow
through." Malfetti suggested
instead "experimental studies
in the use of positive emotion-
jal appeal as an influence on
driving behavior.
An official of the AAA,
Merritt Smith, recommended
increased use of education for
the beginning driver. He said
this should not include scare
movies, but emphasis on
"learning to drive properly
In the first place."
The AAA's Singer said,
"simple practice of all rules
of common courtesy behind
the wheel . . . will make holi
day trips happier and safer
for everyone."
Refugees
the United Slates, other than
what might be considered rea
sonable in the mind of Con
gress and the public.
Abouth 32,000 Hungarians
were paroled in this way, aft
er the uprising against the
Communist government, and 1
Congress showed its jupport i
for this move by President Ei
senhower by passing a bill
to give the Hungarians per
manent residence status in
America.
Subiect To Deportation
The Chinese which Kenne
dy permits tocntcr the Unit
ed States under parole pro
cedure will have no status
unless Congress grants It to
them. That is, thev will not
be eligible to apply for cit
izenship; thev are subject to
deportation If they get into
difficulty; but, on the other
hand, they might be lucky
enough to live hero as aliens
for the remainder of their
lives.
Under the new immigra
tion bill which Morse and
Mrs. Neuberger are support-1
ing, the 5,335 Chinese which
could be admitted annually i
would have the full rights
of any immigrant to apply
for citizenship after the cus
tomary waiting period.
Sen. Philip A. Hart (D
Mich.), chief sponsor of the
immigration bill, plans to
open hearings on the refugee
matter this week. The bill
would increase other quotas
as well: India from 100 to
3.233; Japan from 185 to 5,
378: Philippines from 100 to
2.913; Indonesia from 100 to
3.789; Korpa from 100 to 2,-
61fi; Iran from 100 to 1,588; I
Israel from 100 to 810; Poland I
6,488 to 13.848; Italy 5,666 1
to 15,648; Greece 308 to 3.-,
458; Spain 250 to 2,614; I
France 3,069 to 6,172; Russia J
2,897 to 6.487; Yugoslavia 942
to 5.295; Turkey 225 to 2.367; i
United Arab Republic 100 to
1,670.
ON TOUR
Airman Second Class Wil
liam L. Young, son of Mr.
and Mrs. Clair Young, 727 Al
der st., Medford, has departed
for a four-month tour of duty
with the 322nd air division at
Evreaux air base, France. Ho
is an aircraft mechanic and
Is permanently assigned to a
tactical air command unit at
Sewart Air Force base, Tenn.
He will return to the base up
on completion of the tour. He
Is a Medford High school
graduate.
THE BARE FACTS
Jackson, Miss. (UPD State
Rep. Roy Strickland has been
promised 72 issues of a nudist
magazine. The promise came
from the editor of the maga
zine, who heard about a batch
of such publications being
taken from Strickland's desk i
at the Capitol last week.
Strickland had the literature
to pass out to his colleagues
during an investigation into
pornographic literature.
WITH DETACHMENT
Jackie R. Young, a Navy
airman, son of Mr. and Mrs.
Homer B. Young, 371 O'Gara
st., Medford, is serving with
the Midway detachment of
the airborne early warning
barrier squadron Pacific on
Midway island.
Mrs. Litwiller
m
C. M. Lllwlller
WEDNESDAY. MAY
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OOPS!
The new phone book says that we
have moved to the Medford Shopping
Center. The phone company is quicker
than the building contractor. We'll be
there about August 1.
JOHNSTON SIOftES
1 1 2 South Riverside
30, 1962
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