4 A
ItoFORDi'KrTBIBUHl
"E'ervone In Southern Oregon
fteads The Mail Tribune"
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' SOBEHT W. RUHL, Editor
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rtiitLD T LATHAM. Bui. Mgr.
4i ALLEN. JR.. Mng. Editor
till . ADAMS. Citv Editor
ill CHIPMAN. Teleg. Editor
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JUTE STAHCHER. Women'! Editor
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March 3. 1897
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ascQtin
Flight o' Time
Medlord and Jackson County
History from the files ot The
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40
and SO years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
May 25, 1952 (Sunday)
Waller Nunley, who receiv
ed the Republican nomination
for Jackson county district at
torney In the primary election
May 10, also received the
Democra tic nomination
through write-in voles, the of
ficial canvass has revealed.
A 15-acre fire In the Neil
creek area, about five miles
south of Ashland, was report
ed to be under control this
morning.
20 YCARS AGO
May 25, 1942 (Monday)
Jackson county Sheriff Syd
I. Brown starts organization
of group I o r special guard
duty "in connection with the
war effort."
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pot" column: "Sav
ants arc trying to determine
why the sky is blue scientifi
cally. One wouldn't know,
but the way the world is act
ing, one can't blame the sky."
30 YEARS AGO
May 25, 1932 (Wednesday)
Civil war veterans to march
in Memorial day parade here
Include William Colvig, Frank
Mcndoz, J. C. Wood, Augus
tus A. Tyles and L. P. Hub
bard. 40 YEARS AGO
May 25, 1922 (Thursday)
More than '200 students re
ceived diplomas In county
wide commencement cxe -cisos
in Ashland Chautauqua I uild
ing. Memorial (lug raising c -re-monies
at Sacred Heart hos
pital will include talk by Hob.
S. Deuel and prayer 'id by
Col. W. II. Paine, American
Legion chaplain.
SO YEARS AGO
May 25. 1912 (Friday)
Loral anglers plan to test
new law closing Rogue river
to commercial fishing.
What's Your I.Q.?
Nine or ten correct ti tuperior;
seven or eight it excellent; five or
til is good.
1. Footballs are covered
wiUi pigskin: true or false?
2. Of which Scandinavian
rountry was Hans Christian
.',!on' .:w1ilcr of
!lll-a, IHIMYC.
3. To whom Is the quota
tion, "Go West Young Man,
Go West," attributed?
4. What is the only metallic
clement that stays liquid at
ordinary temperature?
5. Which of these has no
seacoast: Bolivia, Colombia,
Ecuador. Peru?
6. Docs the House of Rep
resentatives hold its sessions
in the south or north wing of
the U. S. Capitol?
7. Is the Soulh Pole in the
Arctic or Antarctic region?
8. Which of these is nut a
type of furniture: Chippcn
dale, Sheraton, Wcdgewood?
'. The lemon is botanlcally
berry; true or false?
10, In what war did the
U.S.A. become a world naval
power?
Antwtrtt 1. False. 2. Den
mark. 3. Horace Greeley. 4.
Mercury. S. Bolivia. 6. South
wing. 7. Antarctic. 8. Wedgt
wood. 9. True, 10. Spanish
American war.
FRIDAY. MAY 25. 1962
Curiosity
Our city hall'and courthouse reporters had
trouble collecting: news yesterday morning. Wher
ever they went, peojiie
radios, listening to the drama of bcott Carpenter s
orbit, his blacked-out descent and landing, the
suspense of the search for him, and finally the
happy message that he was alive.
As was the case when John Glenn made the
first three-orbit flight for the U.S., the whole
populace listened and hoped and prayed. Every
one was tied up with the
This is a good and
COME DAY, however, the outcome will not be
as lucky. Some day, one of the brave men
who are pioneering space is going to die in the
attempt.
And it may be that
cause of their identification with the astronauts,
will then have a feeling of revulsion against the
whole space exploration program.
Already there are some who are critical of the
effort, at least in part because of its cost in money.
When it begins to cost in human lives, too, the
outcry will be heightened.
TPHIS should not deter us, however, from
tinuing the effort. There is a cost to e
turning the eliort.
thing that is worth while. And the exploration
of space is the next frontier for adventurous men,
who will, it seems, do almost anything to satisfy
their curiosity.
Curiosity, accompanied by the means to satis
fy it, has always seemed
characteristics which set
other creatures of the earth. Certainly it is curi
osity, as much as any other single thing, which
has brought us to today's level of civilization.
Whether this is good or bad depends on your
point of view. E.A.
Counting the Ballots
The outcome of last week's primary election
races, when broadcast and printed, were labeled
"unofficial."
It won't be until the elections department
completes its own canvass of the ballots that the
results become "official,"
is done hurriedly, and by
newspapers and radio and 1 V stations as a public
news service.
Always, in the period, of time between the
first unofficial count, and the time the official
canvass results are announced, the tabulators
wonder how well their count will stand up.
THE Oregon Journal points out why:
"The chances for human error in the present system
are high. Every vote in every precinct is read aloud
and tallied by hand. When the return forms (become
available) they arc turned over to the newspapers'
crews. Again the figures are read aloud, written down
by hand, and added on a battery of hand-operated
calculating machines.
"Anywhere along this chain a misunderstood or
misread figure, or a slip of a machine operator's
finger, can add or take away votes from a candidate."
The Journal could have added that the elec
tion-night job is clone in
results are known as soon as possible.
HTHE whole thing is archaic and unsatisfactory.
Oregon is one of a minority of states which
has no voting machines whatsoever machines
which keep a running total of the vote in each
race, and can provide tne complete results tne
minute the polls close.
From time to time machine-voting has been
proposed in Oregon, but the expense of such
equipment has withheld it from use so far.
What has attracted attention and interest is a
system of electronic counting machines, which
would process the ballots far faster and more ac
curately than is now possible by human counting
boards,
Such a system might
and suspense of the long count on election night,
but we would cheerfully sacrifice that for a quick
and accurate tallev which would allow us to know
the outcome of elections within minutes, rather
than hours. E. A.
Clean
We have received a
to "start a clean-up, tear-down, or whatever-it
takes campaign for Medford,'' so that this conv
nnmity will present a clean, uncluttered and at'
tractive face to visitors and residents alike
Over the years, manv
. 1,11
ui'imi nu ueit' 1 1 itere, wun varying uegrces m
success. The "Make Medford Beautiful" project
of last year accomplished quite a bit along these
lines.
But such organized campaigns can go only so
far. They cannot force offending businessmen or
residents to improve the appearance of their own
establishments or their own homes.
IT'S a free country, and
his premises cluttered
lus privilege.
However, public o
jf enough pressure is generated, if enough people
,. ... '. . . . . u mi i
ma in i'iihi'm, iiiusi Mien eye-sores win oe
improved.
Our correspondent is specific in mentioning
some of the places along Riverside avenue, in
particular, which Hie no credit to cither the com
munity itself, nor to their proprietors. 0
If they could be persuaded to present a more
pleasant face to the world, we'd all benefit. E. A.
and Space
were huddled around
fate of the astronaut.
honest human reaction
many people, simply be
'
con
lhere is a cost to every
to us to be one ot the
mankind aside from the
for the first night count
tabulators employed by
a great rush, so that the
lessen the excitement
- Up
splendid letter urging us
such campaigns have
'.1 1 f
if a man wants to leave
and unprettificd that's
- .... .i
. u,.ii..i. i.-. l? tuns ii .ee, ami
Deflfli the
Let me HClP-ik. MR Wilson! I'm
in to num niomtGWJtfc
Woman Presents
Arguments Against
Tax Withholding
By LYLE C. WILSON
Washington - "JPH - Mrs. F.
A. Stockley of Springfield,
Mass., makes a strong argu-
mcnt that
P r e s I d ent
Kennedy's
w i t hholding
proposal on
interest and
dividends
would be un
fair to her
LAJS
nd, there-
fore, should
not be enact
ed.
Mrs. Stockley contends that
the President wants to con
fiscate some of her money in
the name of tax collection.
The administration contends
this is a wrong interpretation.
Mrs. Stockley's objection is to
the withholding of interest
paid on savings and loan ac
counts. On May 16, she wrote
to me about that, as follows:
"Tonight I have read with
interest your column in our
Springfield (Mass.) Daily
News relative to the withhold
ing tax.
"Would it be possible for
you to bring out in a column,
soon, one of my objections to
the bill? I am building in sav
ings and loan association ac
counts to pay my estate tax at
my death. Will I not be great
ly cheated by this flat 20 per
cent withholding?
Fetls Chtattd
The interest in the sav
ings and loan accounts is com
pounded quarterly. When this
20 per cent is set aside, each
time, it will surely cheat the
depositors from earning com
pounded Interest on that de
ducted amount for the remain
der of the 12 month period.
Twenty per cent of the
interest on the amounts which
I have accumulated really
amounts to a great deal. I
never take this interest - just
leave it each year. I just can
not afford to lose thai' much
each year.
"Eventually the govern
ment will get all of it. I al
ways have paid taxes on this
Interest and on my dividends,
both federal and state taxes
which, in Massachusetts, is
quite large. There must be
many others in this same un
fortunate position.
"Why isn't this point ever
discussed? It is certainly con
fiscation of our private funds.
I shall greatly appreciate any
attention that you may be
able to bring to this prob
lem. Thanks."
Well, Mrs. Stockley. this is
the best 1 can do. Some mil
lions of citizens will have the
opportunity to read your let
ter. The two men here in
Washington best situated to
relieve you of this potential
confiscation of your funds
also will have an opportunity
to read it but I cannot assure
you that both will do so.
One of these men is Presi
dent Kennedy. I do not know
that he reads my stuff and
rather doubt it although he
said recently thai he was read
ing more and enjoying it less.
The other man is Sen. Harry
F. Byrd (D-Va). Sen. Byrd
will read your letter. I can
promise you that. That is inv
portant to you and to all per
sons with your problem be-
cause the senator Is chairman
of the finance committee of
the U.S. Senate.
Byrd To Oppoit Bill
The finance committee has
Hint comoleted hearings on
jihe Pridfnt. , , d
shortlv will vote whether to ",c ,'u'c OI Situation " '"' "i . "v -i ". -
r.rnmmenrt tn thr Senate that likt t""'. " "at can the little ,agc has touched off a scandal are here, and the alternative
i : na nr that It h re ected 1nd of Formosa do? ! that is rocking the country, to living together-in some un
it pass or tnai u oe rcjecira. , j , ... ..,v,ii. I. nrlv
The chairman informed the
airman iniormed tne
last week that he
Senate
"i;!" " "'"
ing provisions on the sub -
stantial grounds that they
were complex to the point of
being unworkable and. morc-jof
over, thai LU abjcvUs of
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD. OREGON
Menace
the fastest finger- fainter
100 per cent tax collection
could be achieved by simpler,
more effective means.
The chairman is a gentle-
spoken man. He did not blunt
ly accuse tne President - as
the President accused the
American Medical Association
- of deliberately misleading
the citizens. More gently,
Byrd implied merely that the
President does- not under
stand his own tax bill.
in the Day's News
iy FRANK JENKINS
From Hong Kong:
A dangerously explosive sit
uation is building up in this
British Crown Colony's refu
gee - infiltrated border area.
New waves of refugees seek
ing to flee from hunger-ridden
Red China were reported n
route this morning to the
guarded border that divides
Hong Kong from communism.
Border police say tempers
are growing short on all sides.
The new refugees who at first
submitted docilely to arrest
and deportation are growing
more truculent. Hong Kong's
thousands of Chinese residents
crammed into squalid quarters
are increasingly abusive of
officials. Police and troops are
showing the strain of almost
continuous duty in the crisis
that is now three weeks old.
A British police officer was
assaulted by an angry Chinese
crowd that tried to stop truck
convoys returning captured
refugees to the Red Chinese
border. Angry villagers near
the border threw stones and
refuse at three other convoys
and threatened to beat up a
police guard accompanying
another convoy.
ALL THIS in a little 20-mile-square
area that in the
last year or so since hunger
began to stalk abroad in Red
China has accepted and made
a place for and FOUND Food
for a million or so starving
Chinese refugees from com
munism! Hard to believe?
Well, starvation knows no
law.
WHAT ta do about it?
Nationalist China - the
remnant of Old China that
now finds a home on the is
land of Formosa, has offered
to find a home and food for
these starving refugees from
Communist China.
But-
Take a look on your may at
Formosa. It is a relative speck
of land in a wide ocean. Its
area is only 13.890 square
miles. It is about the size of
the state of Maryland. The
area of Oregon, which is not
a large state as really large
states go. is 96.981 square
miles, nearly seven times the
area of Formosa. Formosa's
population in 1958. when the
last census was taken, was
more than ten million. Ore
gon's present population is
about a million and three
quarters. , qHE OFFER to take and feed
. A refugees from Communist
China is a sicn that National-
i China s heart is in the right
P'l''- B" Communist China s
(population is somewhere in
!l,c neighborhood of threc-
quarters ot a bil.mu.
' nearly one fourth of
the
world , population
. .. .
it r q M W a s h i n slon this
y R o M W a s h i n gton this
1 m0rning comes the report
that "high sources indicate
,n,l prcident Kennedy be-
,cvcs ,, u s nnls, rt)Crt
j strong leadership in the plight
these Chinese refugees -
1 mi. tlUwuMi uiut it oa a
Communism, AftfkYsttfcoe Mfctional iom
Threat in
By PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign Ntwa Analyst
"A powder keg may exist
in the impoverished northeast
of Brazil but the wick is in
Rio de Ja
neiro . " The
above quota
tion is from
Gov. C a r 1 os
La Cerda of
Guana bara
State, whose
political be
liefs make
Nawtom him both a
beacon and something of a
paradox in a nation where
LSI.
Washington Report
By William
(o United feature Syndicate
A CLEAR CHOICE
Washington - The old-fashioned
scandals set off by a
very modern kind of Bible
thumping big operator in the
farm subsidy
program, Bil
Iie Sol Estes,
are pleasuring
a gossip mind
ed public no
end. Every
body is talk
ing about his
monitary fa-
wmi vors to poli
ticians - of whom the most
elevated to emerge to date is
Texas Democratic Senator
Ralph Yarborough. But no
body seems to be talking
about the plain duty of Amer
ican people to grow up and
face up to the basic problem
of which "The Estes Case" is
only a small, unpleasant sym
bol. The disclosure that Estes
contributed $1,700 to the of
fice expenses of a Senator
who assisted him in his con
tacts with the government,
Yarborough, offers tempta
tions. a
IiHERE is the temptation
- among some to exult a
little that the first important
politician to be caught up has
been the special hero of one
of the most finger-pointing
groups in all the land. These
are the reformist and profes
sional liberals, Texas brand,
whose massive self-righteous
ness exceeds even that of
their counterparts in Californ
ia and New York.
Then there is the tempta
tion to recall aloud how im
placably bitter these same
people were toward a con
servative Republican, Rich
ard Nixon, when in 1952 it
came out that he, too, had
been the beneficiary of an of
fice fund contributed by busi
nessmen. One would have
thought then that lynching
was hardly bad enough for
Nixon. Now, one hears no
shrill calls from the reform
ers for the blood of their lib
eral friend, Yarborough.
And yet the circumstances
are quite similar. Estes gave
Yarborough money to help
pay the legitimate expenses of
his office. Nixon's friends did
the same for him.
STILL, fair is fair, even
though the built-in double
standard of the professional
liberal reformists was never
more clearly illustrated than
here. It simply looks that Yar
borough had the bad luck to
accept lawful assistance from
a man, Estes, who now turns
out to have motives more
complicated than those sim
of his oath of duty. Not all
by giving support to a para
gon of a senator.
And this leads to the whole
point. It requires hundreds of
thousands of dollars to run a
hard-contested campaign for
major office in any big state.
This, in return, requires con
tributions. Is it better to ac
cept such contributions as an
aspirant to office than it is in
office-assuming in each case
that the politician concerned
is a man of integrity? What is
permissible in the springtime
of a man's search for office
can hardly be impermissible
once he has reached the
Autumn of that office.
Obviously, the nub is this:
what counts is not the con
tributions he accepts, or from
whom, but what effect these
may have upon his discharge
of his oath of duty-through a
senators are rich though a
surprising number, oddly
most of them Democrats, ac
tually are. Moreover, "contri-
, we musi noi wmt
the problem off as insoluble.
W hat can we do?
Here's a thought:
Our warehouses contain an
abundance of food. Its abun -
dance is so vast that what to
...;.!. ; I. - . . .
I ih- nii. mi'iii-n.
I ihe countless milli,
i iitg Chinese, it woi
ould be BET
TEH USED than if c keep
it slashed away in warehouses
I where its presence tetjpts get -
rich-quick adventurers to take
advantage of the situation to
i u-ia a quick buck.
O
Brozif; Lcado pticnttflic .
poverty abets growing com
mit n i s m and communism
works hand in hand with anti
Yankee nationalism.
LaCerda, ij-hose state capi
tal is Rio, is a former news
paper editor who is one of
Brazil's strongest supporters
of President Kennedy's Al
liance for Progress program.
He also believes that U. S.
aid should have "strings at
tached." "Let us not pretend," he
says, "that economic help has
nothing to do with establish
ing a free responsible commu
nity in Latin America. No one
has the right to finance poli-
S. White
butions" come in many ways,
notably in well-paid lectures
arranged by friendly groups
for favored senators.
... v
TT cannot truly be said of
any senator, except in
some instances for those hold
ing private fortunes, that he
is teetotally beholden to no
one for financial help in any
form.
Presumably we do not wish
as a nation to close the sen-
tor's doors to all save the rich.
If that is so, the alternatives
are clear.
We go on with the presant
system of contributions -which
to most senators from
big states are absolutely nec
essary for the proper conduct
of the office as well as for
reaching it-on the assump
tion that by and large you can
trust elected men not to steal
the spoons.
Or we outlaw it all and go
into the untried and tricky
field of direct public subsi
dies, both for campaigning
and for properly operating
the office.
Strictly
Personal
By Sydney J. Harris
lc Field Enterprise Inc.
LIFE'S PREDICAMENT
"Almost everything hap
pens to you if you live long
enough." This is what a wise
old man of
my aquainl
ance told me
many years
ago, when I
came to him
with some
problem that
was bothering
me at the
iiaru time. 11 is a
simple sentence I have never
forgotten. And it is remark
able how comforting that
thought can be in times of
stress or crisis. The only way
to avoid trouble is to avoid
living.
A m e r i cans, particularly,
(because we have been so
favored by geography and
history) tend to think of life
as a series of problems and so
lutions. But less fortunate
peoples, in other parts of the
world, know better. Life is
NOT a series of problems and
solutions-it is a predicament.
...
There, art torn problems
that have no solutions.
Thera are soma questions
that have no answers. Thera
art somt situations that
must simply bt lived
through, and cannot bt
worked out.
It is this kind of ac
ctpttnet, ot stoicism, that
stems to bt lacking in our
ebullient American nature.
We cannot bring ourselves
to belitvt that lift is a pre
dicament, and not a group
of ntat equations that
can 10 I ye satisfactorily.
This it as trut in our na
tional outlook as it is in our
ptrsonal vitwpoints.
Part of our rtsiitanct,
and rtsentment. and frus
tration about the prtitnt
world situation springs
from this attitudt. Wt simp
ly cannot btlitvt that tht
continuing crisis In interna
tional affairs cannot bt
tolvtd or rtsolvtd by turn
ing th right key. or taking
tht right posturt. or bting
more aggrtisivt or bting
more conciliatory.
Yet all the realistic evi-
dence points to the fact that
we are going through a long
period in which there are no
satisfactory solutions. The
Russians cannot be wished
laway. or frightened away, or
talked away, or even lougni
, nPA Hat-a an4 u'
h..",' i;n,o'r
This is what we find so jin -
platatablc: that we are no
longer the sole masters of
! our own destiny, that we are
! caught up in a web of history.
and we cannot act with the
ikduu. and boldness wt
Oo
cies that do not prevent com
munism from Votvirej from
within."
In Brazil, the United States
needs such supporters as La
Cerda. In the poverty-stricken
northeast it has Instituted
both a crash and a long-range
program to bring aid to 20
million inhabitants and to
prevent a social explosion in
the Castro style.
The rains finally came to
the parched northeastern
plains last week, making pos
sible a late harvest of beans
and corn which may, joined
with emergency U. S. food
shipments, help relieve wide
spread hardship and starva
tion. In northeastern Brazil,
aside from perennial drought,
the problem is one of land
tenure practically unchanged
since colonial days, where a
few own vast plantations and
the majority starve under an
income of less than $100 per
year.
Try and
-By BENNETT CERF-
"npHEY TELL ME Dartmouth is z great college," grumbled ,
1 the lather of a student t that noted institution, "but
my son's handwriting seems to get worse nd worse up there.
Here's a letter that just
arrived from him this
morning, for instance. I
can't even make out how
much he wants me to
send him!"-
A geography teacher hud
jutt been explaining to her
charges the differences be
tween the frigid, temper
ate and torrid zones. At the
conclusion of her talk, she
asked young Andrew what
sort of zona he lived in.
Andrew answered,
Brooklyn, 18."
Fellow who claims he was there quotes Christopher Cofamhn
at a banquet honoring him for discovering the New World.
Columbus, claiming he had not expected to be called on for a
speech, smiled at Queen. Isabella, and began, "A funny thing r
happened to me on my way to India. '
O 1K3, t7 Bennett Cert Distributed by XhS restarts SysOestti ;
Mental Terror Felt
By Russians During
Stalin Era Revealed
Moscow lUPll The mental
terror felt by the Soviet peo
ple during the 1937-38 purges
by Josef Stalin was revealed
in the current issue of the
Russian literary monthly New
World.
Soviet writer Ilya Ehren
burg, in the latest installment
of his memoirs published in
the magazine, said, "Nobody
was confident about tomor
row." "Life was strange at that
time. I can hardly describe it
within several pages."
Whenever the name of
someone who had suddenly
Communications
Lettera to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the writer although under cer
tain circumstances the use ot a
Cen name ot initial (or Dublica
on is Dermlsslble. The Mail
Tribune reserves the rifht to
edit all lettera with an eye to
claritication and condensation
Letters submitted (or publica
Uoo must not exceed 400 words
Back Our Ltadtrt
To the Editor: Many limes
I have thought of writing to
the editor. After reading Mr.
Prichard's letter, I decided to.
I spent 18 months in the serv
ice in the Second World War,
not 33 years either as an of
ficer. I always figured if I
didn't like what I was doing
I could quit. No, Mr. Prichard,
I don't believe the general
was a communist. The Reds
wouldn't have him, or you
either for that matter. Are
you an American? Can't you
leave? If you are an American
act like one please! Living in
this country, no matter what
her faults, I say we should
give our leaders our backing,
either with constructive criti-
cism or our prayers, i i
33 years is a long time to hate
yourself.
A Free American Citizen
Harry C. Caton
White City, Ore.
j have long been accustomed
, to. Control of atomic fission
ffave us unoreeedented nower
-but it also made us the slaves ! cu lc D writing oiaun on
of its consequences. j tw0 occasions for permission
The world Is now balanced ,0 tr,veI broad.
precariously on the edge ofj When permission was re
a precipice. Survival calls for! fused the first time, he writes,
delicacy, for the ability to ; his wife asked him: "Do you
sustain the tension without! want to complain to Stalin
fight or flight. We have no about Stalin?"
answers, because new ques- "I grimly answered 'yes'."
tions have been propounded ' he continued. "I understand it
1 by our scientific break -
throughs. I he ultimate test of
our maturity may consist in
syir willingness to accept the
1 predicament, and to treat it
i with tact, not with cov.i.4ice
bravado.
But Brazil problems art)
as varied as the nation's size.
In the transport unions es
pecially, the Communists art)
strong.
There is anti-Yankee na
tionalism, evidenced in tht)
National Chamber of Depu
ties by a bill placing prohibi
tive controls on foreign in
vestment and by such actions
as the seizure of International
Telephone and Telegraph's
$9 million subsidiary in Rla
Grande do Sul State by Gov.
Leonel Brizola.
LaCerda is of another
stripe.
He believes that with prop
er effort, communism will be
repudiated not only In Bra
zil but throughout the world.
He says:
"If the world is able ta
keep peace for some time
longer, and certain prerequi
sites are maintained, instead
of communism winning out
inevitably ... we will see
communism beaten inside
Russia."
Stop Me
disappeared was mentioned,,
people's bafflement posed it
self in the question: "Why
him?" Ehrenburg said.
Wift Ntrvous
He recalled his return ta
Moscow in 1938 after living
abroad for years. His wife
was in a state of continual
nervousness and agitation.
"Yesterday a man could de.
liver a speech or publish an
article in Pravda," she told
him at the time, "and today
fear for his life."
"Many of my friends had
bags packed with two sets of
warm clothes on hand," he
said. ,
"Some people I knew tried
to live solitary lives and met
only their close friends and
relatives. Suspicious fears
were disrupting human rela
tionships and the writer Isaac
M. Babel would say a man
now talks frankly only with
his wife during the night with
the blankets over their ears."
For these "years of arbi
trariness" Ehrenburg blamed
secret police chief N. I. Yez
hov primarily. He writes:
"Yezhov was shelling the
squares and didn't spare the
shells. I say Yezhov because
at that time I think he was the
cause of it.
". . . Crimes were ascribed
to people who did not commit
them ... and I asked myself
why and what for and nobody
could answer me who under
stood nothing.
". . . Not only myself, but
many others thought this evil
was emanating from the little
man who was called Stallnsky
Norkom (Yezhov), because we
saw people who never joined
any opposition being arrested
who were loyal supporters of
Stalin or honest non-party
specialists."
r..,, Ml. T,.mkii.
Et"t M,n T"mb""9
Ehrenburg described Stalin
himself as "a legendary semi
god, and every man was trem
bling, repeating his name and
believed he was the only man
who could save the state from
invasion and disintegration."
He described how he tempt-
1 was silly to do so, and the most
, probable outcome w as that I
! would be arrested."
Instead, he received the
nef ssary document?. "Why it
i happened I don't Ttnow." hs
i concluded.
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