o o
Matter of Fact By Joseph Alsop
(O New York Herald Trlbum Syndicate
GEN. DE GAULLE'S
EUROPE
Paris - Towering, hieratic,
enigmatic, the figure of
Charles de Gaulle now looms
above Europe like a monu
ment of primordial grandeur.
This stature
he has already
achieved, de
spite the
heavy handi
c a p of his
long involve
ment in the
Algerian war.
For most na
tional leaders.
Alsnp e v t r i ntinj
France from her bitter col
onial dilemmas would have
been task enough. But de
Gaulle is by no means pre
pared to please the Britisn
Foreign Office and the State
Department's egregious Dr.
Bowie, who so much wish he
would just go away after
ending the tragic Algerian
war.
On the contrary, de Gaulle
has made it very plain indeed
that he regards the clearance
of the colonial debris of the
French past as no better
than the clearance of a build
ing site. Now is the time when
he hopes to begin to construct
the new, more splendid, more
enduring Franco - European
BRANCHFIELD
Foi
State Representative
REPUBLICAN
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edifice which he has always
had in his mind's eye.
V
WHAT, then, is the design
" he has in mind? The an
swer can be given in a single
sentence, with extreme confi
dence. De Gaulle wants to
construct a new giant-power
Europe, founded on the
Franco-German partnership,
and uncorrupted by the per
nicious participation of "the
Anglo-Saxons" - namely Bri
tain and the United States.
This means, to begin with,
that de Gaulle most emphati
cally does not want the Bri
tish to enter the European
Common Market. This is a
fact of cardinal importance in
itself. De Gaulle's objection
to British entry is summed
up in his formula, that if the
British enter, "Europe will
lose all personality."
He thinks, in other words,
that a Europe including Bri
tain will lose the clear sense
of direction and unity, the
giant-power character, and
the will to be wholly inde
pendent of the U. S. (and even
to defy and If need be humili
ate Washington) which de
Gaulle regards as the neces
sary characteristics of a fu
ture Europe with "person
ality." rpo BE sure, Gen. de Gaulle
A is glumly aware that he
cannot keep the British out
of Europe if they choose to
pay the stated price. The
Benelux nations and Italy do
not as yet share the de
Gaulle vision of the European
future. Even the Germans
can be balky. Because of his
European partners, the Gen
eral cannot veto Britain's en
try into Europe.
But he can work and will
work to prevent any lower
ing of the stated price of Bri
tain's entry. This is summed
up in the official French
formula, that the "British
must either give up the Com
monwealth or give up Eu
rope." This is the context in which
to read Prime Minister Mac
millan's recent statement that
the Europeans must "make it
easy" for Britain to come in,
as well as the reports that the
Prime Minister asked Presi
dent Kennedy to use his influ
ence to this end. At present
President Kennedy has about
as much influence on Gen. de
Gaulle as Christina of Sweden
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In the Day's News
By FRANK
Dr. Linus Pauling, Oregon
born scientist, winner of the
1954 Nobel Prize in chemis
try, said in an interview in
Portland the other day he
sees no reason why the Unit
ed States should DEMAND
of Russia an inspection system
for atmospheric and ocean
testing as a condition of agree
ment on nuclear disarmament.
"The inspection problem is
not so serious a problem as
we have been led to believe,"
he told a Portland reporter,
adding: "The perfection of de
tecting methods, especially of
nuclear detonation in the at
mosphere and in the ocean,
has largely solved the inspec
tion problem which has been
had on Louis XIV. And de
Gaulle's purpose is not to
make it easy for the British,
but to make it hard.
r"PHE de Gaulle edifice of the
- future therefore depends
on the British refusing, in the
end, to take the European
plunge. If he is given this
negative help-a very big if
the rest of the de Gaulle de
sign is easy to foresee. It has
two keystones.
The first is the Franco
German partnership, which
the policy-makers in Washing
ton seem to be doing their
best to strengthen at the
moment. The second is the
progressive liberation of the
French army by the end of
the Algerian war. This, in
truth, is the new element that
makes the design at least the
oretically feasible.
The term of French mili
tary service will shortly be
set at 18 months. This will
produce an initial French
force of over 700,000 men
and an eventual force of
rather more than 600,000
men. With this kind of French
contribution, a purely Euro
pean defense of Western Eu
rope will become practically
attainable. Europe's depen
dence on American-dominated
NATO can then be gradually
liquidated, providing that one
other condition is met.
A GIANT-POWER Europe
muct nrtt inlir hai.A
enough divisions to oppose
the Red Army. A giant-power
Europe must also have nuc
lear arms, like the two other
giant powers. That is one rea
son why de Gaulle has ob
stinately continued the nuc
lear program that everyone
says France cannot afford
perhaps. France cannot af
ford a serious deterrent, but
the Europe of the future en
visioned by de Gaulle can
easily afford it.
There is the admitted ques
tion, of course, whether the
Soviets would regard the cre
ation of this kind of Franco
German - European deterrent
as a casus belli. How that
question will be answered is
left vague. At this stage, in
any case, the means by which
de Gaulle may attempt to
realize his design are far less
important than the fact that
this is the design that is now
in his mind.
Many virtuous persons will
find the design hard to credit,
and therefore will not take it
seriously. But it is always un
wise to be deceived by de
Gaulle's air of being an an
cient mammoth, strangely
strayed out of a past long
gone. The grand is real
enough, but the grandeur
also conceals the Macchlavel
lian talents de Gaulle has
shown in the tragic, intricate
Algerian affair. Whether by
opponents or by partners, de
Gaulle's designs must always
be taken seriously.
...... a
GHT BOURBON WHISKEY.
i
!6 PROOF
MEDFORD MAIL JRIBUNE,
JENKINS
a stumbling block between the
two nations."
WE
HAT he means, apparent-
is that when some na
tion starts in testing atomic
weapons it can no longer keep
its tests a secret. By analyzing
the air currents-much as a
dog sniffs the air and learns
what has been going on up-wind-we
can find out what
happened. We seem to have
done that in the case of Old
Kroosh's testing program last
fall. Not only did we learn
that Russia was testing nu
clear weapons. We learned
what kind of nuclear weap
ons she was testing, and to
some extent we learned what
luck she had with the tests.
That, presumably, is what
Dr. Pauling means by his
statement that the inspection
problem is no longer as seri
ous a problem as we formerly
thought it was.
Co-
He nnnpars In think
A nuclear disarmament
agreement with Russia might
safely be entered into without
the inspection provision to
which Russia objects so vio
lently. QUESTION:
Why does Dr. Pauling ob
ject to nuclear testing?
Well, in his Portland inter
view he noted that our current
testing program in the Pacific
is rather small in comparison
with what it might have been.
But, he adds, "this rather
small series of 1962 tests will
have the result that about 2.8
million unborn children will
be damaged so much that they
will die, and 285,000, although
they will live, will receive
physical or mental damage
from which they will suffer."
WHICH is to say:
Dr. Pauling believes that
nuclear testing will Doison
the air, thus resulting in great
damage to future generations.
That is why he protests against
testing nuclear weapons-even
to the extent of joining a
banner-carrying group picket
ing tne White House last week
protest against U.S. re
sumption of nuclear testing.
He thinks the LESS testine
there is the better it will be
for future generations.
IIHAT shall we do?
Ahnut all
for us to do is to listen to
everybody we can hear, keep
our fingers crossed and draw
our own conclusions as to
what WE must do - hoping
meanwhile that the great na
tions of the world . . . includ
ing, of course, Russia and
Red China . . . wlil come to
the conclusion that nuclear
warfare is too dangerous to
be monkeyed with.
T)UT
l This
mind:
we MUST keep in
If any despotically ruled
nation (such as Red Russia or
Red China) ever comes to the
conclusion that it can DE
STROY ITS OPPONENTS be
fore they can strike back and
thus gain mastery of the world
it will use its nuclear arma
ment to do just that. Mastery
of the world has been the
dream of crackpot despots
since the world began.
Our job is to stay strong
enough to PREVENT THEM
FROM TRYING to master the
world. If, to do that, we must
go on testing our nuclear
weapons, we must go on test
ing them.
Washington Report
By William S. Whit
(01 United Feature
Syndicate
POLL-HAPPY
Washington - Without ques
tioning that public opinion
surveys have their undeniably
useful aspects,
it still seems
permissible to
w o n d e
whether this
has not be
come a slight
ly poll happy
nation. Any
claim of what
e v e r nature
that may be
made these days often is ex
amined not on the old-fashioned
test of whether it looks
inherently sound or unsound.
Rather, there is the simple
touchstone: What do "they"
and "they" means some un
defined group of pollecs some-where-say
about It??
Is a proposed high policy
sensible or not on Its own
essential facts? Any pollster
firm will get you the answer,
by asking unknown numbers
of citizens, including nouse
wives peering at the tele
vision screen over the auto
matic dishwasher and firemen
momentarily at thoughtful
leisure at the station house.
THE replies
are solemnly
X
added up and you have
your answer: seventy-one and
nine-tenths of the American
people believe such ano such;
eleven and three-tenths per
(tvrnt believe so and so, and
the rest
excused.
klndlyajjjed to be
now many
respondents know anything
I abg' subject iOJhfr first
MEDFORD. OREGON
Drummond Reports
(Waltet Lippman is in Europe.
Washington injiis absence.) (c) 1962 New York Herald Tribune Inc.
RACE TO THE MOON
Washington-Nikita Khrush
chev seems to be getting skit
tish about racing the U. S. to
the moon.
There are several reasons
why the Soviet Premier is
beginning to talk plaintively
about the "burdens" of space
exploration and to suggest
he would like to call off the
contest and make the whole
thing a joint enterprise. Both
a U.S.S.R. and a U.S.A. satel
lite now lie alongside each
other in the dust on the dark
side of the moon. Another
American Ranger craft will
make the 2.18,857-mile jour
ney this year. We now have
the power and the accuracy
to land.
The crucial Soviet advant
age has been the more power
ful thrust of Soviet rocketry.
The gap between Soviet rock
et thrust and U. S. rocket
thrust is being steadily closed.
The Soviets are still ahead.
Cosmonaut T i t o v has dis
closed that the thrust which
put him into his 25-hour orbit
was 1.3 million pounds. The
rocket which boosted astro
naut Glenn into his five-hour
flight had 360,000 pounds
thrust. As yet neither side has
power to orbit and land a
manned spacecraft on the
moon. But the powerful U. S.
Saturn rocket, twice success
fully tested, has a 1,500,000
pound thrust potential. In the
judgment of American space
experts the prospects of our
overtaking the Soviets in
thrust capacity is good.
tOR more than a year a
manned journey to the
moon and back has had first
priority among all our space
projects. We have put this
foremost because all our tech
nicians concluded that this
was the area in which we
could be first.
The government has already
committed $400,000,000 to it.
place? On this, the pollster's
data are silent.
And once all this tremend
ously important information
is in hand, the people respon
sible for making high-policy
decisions will go right ahead
and make them, precisely as
they would have done had
polling never been heard of.
Then there Is another form
of polling-and surely the odd
est of them all. The politicians
in New York have lately
taken to running polls frank
ly described as "Republican
polls" or "Democratic polls."
Since these are paid for strict
ly by the party involved, hard
ly skeptics might suspect that
the pollsters are not likely
t oturn in results which will
be deeply displeasing to the
party that hired them.
T)UT, putting aside all such
" suggestions as unworthy of
the graph-and-figures era
which we live, what is actual
ly learned from this extreme
ly refined form of polling?
Well, a recent "Democratic
poll" in New York discovered
that if only Mayor Robert
Wagner would consent to ac
cept the Democratic guber
natorial nomination he would
be favored by the voters over
Republican Governor Nelson
Rockefeller by a current ratio I
of 53 per cent to 41 per cent,
with 6 per cent undecided.
Now, in the face of these
figures Wagner could readily
hope to defeat Rockefeller not
only handily but also massive
ly. But what did Wagner then
do? He announced his "final
and irrevocable decision" not
to run against Rockefeller in
any circumstance - nor even
permit himself to be drafted.
SHORTLY, there appeared a
"Republican poll." This
one discovered that Governor
Rockefeller had scarcely been
hurt at all by matters like
nis divorce, its central mes
sage was that the governor
could hardly do worse for re
election this year than he did
in his landslide triumph of
last time. There was some
suggestion that quite prob
ably he would do better.
Of course, it well may that
Wagner is simply not inter
ested in the governorship be
cause he has other fish to fry.
And it well may be that
Rockefeller really believes the
import of this latest "Repub
lican poll," though it is hard ,
to suppose that no bloom
whatever is off the rose of t
his extraordinary popularity i
of 1958. I
At any rate, the Interesting i
point is this: clearly, neither
Wagner nor Rockefeller is
himself profoundly moved by
the poll made in his behalf.
FISH WITH FISH
Milwaukee, Mis. - H'PI) -Teen-agers
David Mielke and
Thomas Mader told this fish
story Monday. They said they
hauled In their 15th fish, a
bass, at Lake Winneconne and
put It on a chain stringer.
When they hauled In the chain
later they found a 25-lnch
gorlhcrn pike had swallowed
1 the bass and got hooked.
Roicoe Drummond reoorts from
The total cost, including rock
etry and support facilities,
will not be !'; than $20 bil
lion, may reach nearer $40
billion. No wonder Mr.
Khrushchev wryly remarked
to Gardner Cowles, editor of
Look magazine, recently: "It
will cost a lot to fly to the
moon and back. We would
welcome a joint project by the
Soviet Union and the United
States."
We are both racing fur
iously, but Mr. K. is showing
some signs of running out of
breath. Maybe this is only a
maneuver to see if he can
persuade the U. S. to slow
down its efforts.
I doubt if he will succeed.
Dr. Wernher von Braun, di
rector of the Space Flight
Center at Huntsville, Ala.,
and one of the world's lead
ing rocket authorities, said a
few days ago: "We have the
capacity to be first to the
moon; therefore, we must be
first." The word from D.
Brainerd Holmes, the over-all
chief of Manned Space Flight
for NASA (National Aeron
autics and Space Administra
tion) is: "This nation cannot
afford to lose by default at
something it has the technol
ogy to do."
FTHE year 1970 is the fnrth
est target date for the
moon landing. Some believe
that it can be done earlier.
Next year the U. S. will put
two men in orbit for periods
up to seven days to get addi
tional information on radia
tion and weightlessness. Fol
lowing these tests, we will
experiment with a technique
which may reduce the time to
make a moon landing. This
will be the "Rendezvous" by
which a crew of astronauts
will hitch themselves to an
other vehicle already in outer
space. One Saturn rocket,
which will ultimately have a
thrust of more than seven
million pounds, will boost a
trans-lunar engine into orbit.
A second Saturn will send up
the crew, plus the lunar land
ing and return take-off equip
ment. The crewmen would
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guide their craft to the other
vehicle through space carry
ing the engine to propel 'hem
thcorest of the way to the
moon.
"Project Rendezvous" could
prove impracticable. If it does
NASA is readying a rocket
of 12 million pounds thrust
capable of lifting crew, ve
hicle, and all to its lunar
target.
If Mr. Khrushchev wants to
call off the race and combine
with the U.S., President Ken
nedy will examine the pro
posal carefully. Judging from
past experience, I would ex
pect that by the time we
srvf.tr THAT SAVES
JOIN IHI "C!ai OP SAFETY" CHECK TfOU CAI .
J. R.'s WHITNEY
TUESDAY. MAY 8. 1962
could reach such an agree-1
ment one or the other of us I
,.ATA PFtlCE
THAT GAYS
la, '
CHECK YOUR DRIVINO ... CHECK ACCIDENTS
OLDSMOBILE, 415
would be on the moon-waiving
to sign it. o
ELECT
RALPH A. JAMES
Democratic Candidate for
COUNTY JUDGE
"Jackson County Residents
Employed First"
Pd. Pol. Adv. by James for County
Judqe. Jean Mills, Chm. 924 Alta St.
rf " l " i
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