Farm s
Pasture Program
Outlined by Agent
Br EUGENE WINTERS
County Agent
; Irriaated pasture manage'
ment is too often neglected
In the Important production
of meat and milk on Jackson
County farms. The goals of
good pasture management
are to produce efficiently as
much meat or milk per acre
as possible throughout ; tne
nnntiifn season. 1 '
These goals can be achiev
ed with a proper .irrigation,
fertilizer and weed control
program plus regulated graz
' ing.
Th aim of irrigation is to
: maintain a continuous supply
of available soli moisture to
the pasture plants." P 1 a n t s
such as Lotus and Ladlno
. plover root to different
rfenthj. Ladlno clover, being
shallow rooted, requires fre
quent irrigations to Keep ine
top six inches of soil moist.
' Infrequent heavy irrigations
would benefit the deeper root
ed Lotus at the expense of
the Ladino clover. When both
shallow rooted and deep
rooted forage plants are In
the stand it is necessary to
maintain. soil moisture
through both root zones.
Check Water
The amount of water neces
sary to apply can be deter-
mined througn tne use oi a
; probe, soil auger or under
medium and light textured
soils conditions with soil
moisture blocks. Excess water
is a waste resulting in leach
ing of plant foods, reduced
plant growth, making condl-
tions right for the encroach
ment of undesirable water
loving plants and soil com-1
paction when the animals are
turned in. When pasture
plants are at the wilting stage
one inch of water will wet a
clay soil to about 'our inches,
a loam soil to about eight
Inches, and, a sandy soil to 12
inches or more.
Livestock should hot be al
lowed on the pasture while it
Is Irrigated, or until the sur
face soil has dried. Wet soils
when compacted by stock re
sult in poor plant growth and
poor water penetration.
Irrigated pastures like
other crops where maximum
yields are desired require
fertilization, Animal manure
is valuable, but It returns
only one-third of the nutrient
. supply in the forage eaten by
the animals. The addition of
commercial fertilizers is rec-
' ommended for the establish'
ment and continued high pro
duction for several years. Fer
tilizer experiments in Jack
son county have shown re
sponse, from applications of
nitrogen, phosphorus, potas
sium, lime, boron and sulfur.
A soil test should be used as
a basis for fertilizer applica
tion. Phosphorus, sulfur, lime
and boron may be applied in
: the fall. Under most condi
tions nitrogen and potassium
should be applied in Febru-
. ary or early March. More
than one annual application
of potassium Is necessary on
. some soils. Nitrogen benefits
the grass while phosphorus,
sulfur, potassium and boron
are most beneficial to the le
gumes. Heavy nitrogen rates
tend to reduce the legumes
n
A
KELTHANE it sudden death on mites. This
is bad news for migrant mites and lute
hatching colonies. This longer-lasting, ef
fective protection means you can Spray
and Save with Kelthane. Yet, as power
ful as it is, Kelthane is completely safe
(when used as recommended) for both new
foliage and fruit-finish, even on sensitive
varieties. It is compatible with most or
chard pesticides and harmless to beneficial
insects. At the earliest sign of mite build-up,
kill with Kelthane. And to insure thorough
KELTHANE
TUESDAY. MAY 16, 1961
Garden
in the stand. -High rates of
phosphorus and sulfur will
increase the vigor of the le
gumes to the' disadvantage of
the grass. Fertilizing weeds
or weedy grasses seldom will
pay.
The omission of any one of
the irrigation, fertilization,
controlled grazing and weed
control factors of pasture
management can limit produc
tion, but the management of
grazing has. a greater influ
ence on the condition of the
pasture than any other factor.
Rotation grazing or daily ra
tioning will give increased
production and better utiliza
tion of forage on improved
pasture. '
Three to four weeks should
elapse between grazing per
iods. The actual grazing time
is one day for daily ration or
three to four days for rotation
grazing. Close grazing to a
two Inch height encourages
clovers while leaving a four
to five inch height encourages
grass. A height of eight to ten
inches should be reached be
fore pasturing ' starts. The
height when grazing starts,
the height grazed back to, the
fertilizers used and irrigation
application will determine
the . per cent of clover or
grass, f he ideal pasture
would be about one-half grass
and one-half clover.
Weed Control
Weed control in pasture
can be accomplished through
proper and careful irrigation,
mowing and the use of chemi
cals. Good water management
will reduce the possibility of
getting weeds such as star
thistle in the dry areas or
water-loving plants such as
curly dock and buckhorn in
the overly wet areas. Mow
ing annual weeds before they
mature is one of the best
methods of preventing their
Increase and spread. There is
also an advantage to mowing
occasionally to promote even
cropping and full utilization
of forage. Chemical weed con
trol is limited as to materials
available , that will not kill
beneficial plants ot meet
residue requirements. Spot
spraying with 2,4-D for both
ersome perennial broad leaf
ed weeds can be effective.
Blanket applications are not
recommended because of dam
age to legumes.
Pastures needing extensive
applications of herbicides for
weed control should be plow
ed up and seeded to annual
crops such as grain for a year
or two. Weed control under
this type of crop can be more
selective. Specific chemicals
could then be used that best
control the particular weed
or weeds. Good weed control
through cultivation and chem
ical means prior to seeding a
permanent pasture will pay
off.
Proper irrigation, fertlllza.
tlon and grazing resulting in
a thrifty stand keeps weeds
under control.
Ottawa-HIPD-Presldent Ken
nedy's address to a Joint ses
sion of Parliament will be
carried live on the English
and French radio and tele
vision networks of the Can
adian Broadcasting Corp.
4
v. v V
f n -
....
Kills mites41 by the thousands!
coverage on hard-to-wet foliage, add
.f Triton B-1956, the non-oil spreader
sticker. See your dealer for both soon.
'specially turopaan red, two-spotted, appla
rust, Willamette, yellow, clover, McDanlel and
other orchard mites.
ROHIVI
PNILAOaLPHIA
310 Cattle Sold
At Midway Yard
At Friday Sale
Ninety consignors sold 310
cattle, 60 hogs and seven sheep
during the regular Friday sale
at the Midway auction yard.
Good to choice Hereford
steer calves, 280 to 470 pounds
sold at $24.29 to $26 per hun
dredweight. Medium quality,
350 to 4S0 pound steers went
out at $20.90 to $22.80.
Heifer calves, 300 to 379
pounds, Vent out at $22.50 to
$23.75, Yearling heifers, 900
to 600 pounds, sold from
$20.50 to $21.60.
Yearling steers, g o o d to
choice at 400 to 600 pounds,
sold from $23 to $24.40, and
700 pounds, $20.10 to $20.80.
Medium quality yearling
steers sold from $18 to $20.
A pen of purebred Angus
heifers that weighed 461
pounds after the sale brought
$153 per head.
A pen of eight cows with
calves sold for $214 per pair.
Holstein steers sold a little
cheaper with 340 to 450 pound
calves going for $19 to $20.10
and those weighing 600 to 725
pounds selling from $17 to
$18.10.
A truckload of fat steers
weighing 1,000 to 1,150
pounds brought. $21.60 to $22.
' A fairly heavy run of
slaughter cows found an ac
tive market with good smooth
Hereford cows bringing $15.50
to sjio.ou. Heavy utility cows
went out at $14.60 to $15.50.
Cutters sold at $13.30 to
$14.10 and canners, $11 to
$12.90.
One 1,700 pound bull
brought $21.60. Other 1,000
to 1,300 pound bulls sold at
$17.40 to $19.30 per hundred
weight. Veal top price was $28.
Most good veal went out at
$23 to $24.50.
Fat hogs sold from $18 to
$18.10. Feeder pigs sold from
$17.60 to $19.25. Weaners
sold from $8 to $9.50. A few
good weaners sold to $11.
Sows sold at $13.80 to $14.40.
Most good sows sold for over
$14.
"We sold about 100 head
of stock calves by the head.
We do this because many buy
ers need to know exactly how
much their cattle are going
to cost when they bid," Own
er-Manager BUI Bray 'explain
ed. "We do not quote prices
on these head sales unless
their weight is known, but It
is apparent that they bring
as much or more by the head
as they would have by the
pound."
Council on Aging
To Meet Wednesday
The Rogue Valley Council
on Aging will meet at noon
at the Jackson hotel Wednes
day, May 17, instead of
Thursday afternoon, according
to Gene William, chairman.
Future action on develop
ment of low rental public
housing will be discussed as
well as the best method of
making a housing survey con
sidered necessary. Reports on
the Senior Center building
fund will be made.
Persons interested in the
projects are invited to attend.
Non-members of the council
planning to attend should
make reservations by 'tele
phoning the Jackson hotel.
) V
-CHITCHAT-
JOI COWLfY
Mail Tribune um Idlter
Nelghborllness seems to be a lost art these days. That's
why when We come across soma good neighbors we are im
pressed. ,
We were visiting a small farmer Saturday afternoon and
learned he is moving into a small house in town. "Have to
look to the future when I get old," this active 75-year-old
man said. "Couldn't have made it this far without my good
neighbor. He always just happens over when I need some
help." , ,
Then he told us how he was
trailer to take him to the auction yard. The elderly farmer
pulled, the calf pulled, and nobody seemed to be getting
anywhere. Then the neighbor came over, dropped a rope
around the calf's neck and pulled him up into the trailer.
This veteran farmer has a few pear trees so his neighbor
checks the temperatures for
season and helps him with
few examples.
One of the larger orchardlsts In the valley is also gen
erous 'in lending his farm equipment to a nighboring beef
man. And the rancher returned the favor recently by help
ing with the orchard heating.
Cue of the county agents
er wire his barn. The farmer
throughout the valley so was
help. This county agent like others in his office continually
do more than what their respective jobs call for. However,
since the county extension office is a service agency to farm
ers many of their good deeds go without recognition.
We have found farmers
And that's a good thing because only through joining their
efforts will many of the small farmers be able to survive.
On the other hand, sometimes you see the good neigh
bor policy fall by the wayside. Sunday, we learned that a
man with an injured arm had to wait almost an hour along
side the South Pacific highway
help him with a flat tire. He had started to remove the
tire himself using his bandaged hand and arm the best he
could when a motorist stopped. And the highway was
crowded with Sunday afternoon drivers.
Apparently, people are
Nelghborllness takes time and some people never slow down
long enough to help each other.
1 One of our neighbors has
beef operation. He and his wife work in town to help sup
port their farming and devote all their spare time to farm
work. His wife was working the squeeze-chute while our
lanky friend tatooed calves. "To be a success in this busi
ness two main things you need is a good wife and a good
dog," he grunted while wrestling with a calf. This couple
Is proof that a high quality part-time farming operation
can be Successful. Local bankers probably have had little
to do with this farmer since he operates on a pay-as-you-go
basis. However, he admits he might have been farther ahead
financially if he had built his barn as a complete unit even
if he had borrowed the money to do it.
Promoters of the renewed
sociation bull sale this fall will have to do some high-powered
selling to convince our neighbor and others like him
that they should put their high quality bulls in the sale.
These people have established a good market for their ani
mals in places like Sacramento and feel they must get top
cash tor their comparltlvely high per animal investment. One
local livestock expert strongly
animals to attract more buyers
Water surveys to the south
already have had some effect on cattle sales here since
much ot the stock is shipped out of the valley to California.
Latest reports from that area are that Shasta lake may have
enough water to meet normal demand through the summer
for norhern California. There will be a definite shortage
from Sacramento south, however. April rains were not
enough to help.
This wjll be the third straight year of low rainfall, ac
cording to reports. The University of California agricultural
extension service has pinpointed drought-fear areas as south
ern Calfornla, the central coastal counties, the southern San
Joaquin valley, and the Sierra region. The service has re
activated its drought committee and is already sending out
advice to the 56 counties in which it has personnel so ranch
ers will know how best to
come. ,
The dry winter has cut back already the growth of range
feed In many sections. Winter grain is in poor condition in
southern Calfornla and In danger ot damage in the Sacra
mento valley, according to latest information received. Many
farmers have deepened their wells and lowered their pump
ing equipment.
Pasture and fruit are two of the crops which are most
likely to suffer from lack ot water and have a resulting
effect upon this area's agricultural economy. If pastures are
not sufficient for many cattle then fewer cattlemen from
the south will be up here buying our beef to feed out. How
ever, local yards report prices on beef calves holding up
well and northern California which provides most ot our
customers may have enough water for the season.
Earlier this spring many orchards along the central
and south coasts and in the San Joaquin valley were wet
to only 30 Inches from rains. So, competition from there
may be less. Llvestockmen In central and southern Cali
fornia fear another season of heavy and expensive feeding.
Local indications are that farmers will have enough irri
gation water to squeak by. Orchardlsts the last two years
are more earful not to over-irrigate because ot the pear
decline problem. Farmers under the Talent Irrigation district
have more than enough water, according to current predictions.
Jackson County Watermaster D. C. Hendrix predicts that
water-users along the larger streams should be fairly well
off this irrigation season. Those along the smaller streams
may have a little trouble. The cool, wet spring has made it
possible for all districts to avoid drawing from storage so
far, Hendrix noted. Some years the local districts have had
to draw-on their storage about this time.
The modern slogan In some large cities Is not "market
fresh fruit and vegetables" but "air-fresh". In other words,
growers ot high quality fruit and produce on the Pacific
Coast are shipping more ot their top produce and gift-packaged
Items by air.
So far, even the larger local packinghouses don't ship
much fruit by air because ot high costs. Two of the larger
firms ship to Hawaii and Alaska and tack the extra charges
onto their list prices. One of the larger packinghouses re
ported it confines Its air shipments to the peak ot the gift
pack season. However, you can bet that if and when the air
freight becomes a more economical form of shipment the
Medford pear shippers will be using it. The Medford pear
district has always kept up with the newest trends and often
develops them. ,
Best description of the Industry we have heard recently
i "nnhnriv nlnva hnrr.ni. btrai lnnifAi. aimKU, np nan anlW
I ..j r-- j Kpi...m.vo, w ."'i otai&A
a buck further away. They are tough in competition, open
hearted in personal relations, and people of broad horizons."
This alr-trelght to the eastern gourmet market Is growing,
however. American Airlines reported In 1960 It flew 681,000
pounds ot fruit to eastern markets from California. The jet
plane is expected to cut shipping costs by sheer speed. In 1
1962 new jet cargo planes will be available to haul 80,000
pounds at a crsck. I
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON
wrestling a balky calf Into a
him during the orchard nesting
his heaters. These are just a
- ;.
earlier this year helped a farm
has helped many, many people
just getting a little return
here generally good neighbors.
before somebody stopped to
not deliberately unhelpful.
a small, but going purebred
annual Cal-Ore. Hereford as
recommends grading the sale
and sellers.
ot us don't look good. They
meet drought problems as they
Market Steady
On Most Classes
At Phoenix Yard
Phoenix The market was
steady on all classes of cattle
except heavy steers weighing
800 pounds and over.
Hereford baby calves sold
$41 to $54 per head. Mixed
baby calves sold from $28 to
$34 per head. Holstein baby
calves sold from $22 to $31
per head. Jersey and Guern
sey' baby calves sold from $7
to $21 per head. Hereford
weaner . calves 300 to 400
pounds, sold at $22.75 to
$23.50 per hundredweight.
Single Hereford steer calves,
weighing 350 to 450 pounds,
sold at $24.50 to $26.30.
One pen of Hereford wea
ner calves, weighing about
400 pounds, sold at $97 per
head. One pen of Hereford
calves, weighing about 300
pounds, sold at $76 per head.
Hereford yearling herefords,
weighing 500 to 650 pounds,
sold at $19.50 to $21 per hun
dredweight. Hereford year
ling steers, weighing 750 to
1,100 pounds, sold at $20.50 to
$21.60 per hundredweight.
Good quality Hereford cows
and calves remain steady with
young cows In short - supply.
One lot of young cows with
baby calves sold at $210 per
pair. Mixed cows and calves
in singles sold at $165 to $195
per pair.
Slaughter cows are holding
at" steady prices. Hereford
utility cows sold at $19.80 to
$16.70 per hundredweight.
Holstein utility cows sold at
$14.90 to $19.00 per hundred
weight. Holstein utility cows
sold at $14.90 to $19.80 per
hundredweight. Canner and
cutter cows sold at $12.60 to
$19 per hundredweight.
Watsonville can be packed 1,000 pounds to the package and
land in eastern markets less than 12 hours later. Some have
even gone to London to sell there at $1.50 a half-basket.
Other fruit shipped from Los Angeles last year were served
on a luxury liner all the way to Europe and half-way back.
Special containers for the
tor. One such container is
The insulated packages are
precooled produce, rushed to
unloaded in New York and
arrives in the store at the same
The experts in this business
necessary quality in these shipments requires working with
everyone along the line from grower to retailer. Proper han
dling procedures are an integral part of this operation.
- Anyway, it's something to
perhaps a little later.
LOCALLY OWNED
LOCALLY CONTROLLED
IN THE
LONG RUN
you won't do better
than trading at...
GRANGE CO-OP
solely for the benefit of LOCAL farmers
and ranchers. Always quality products
and reasonable prices.
aTCSv
Hiway99
CENTRAL POINT
Ph. NO 4-1261 or SP 3-4022
1 T
Aphis Population
High This Year
Aphis populations are high
again this year, according to
Jackson County Extension
Agent, Dave Passon.
The sticky, soft-bodied In
sects can be found on prac
tically every type of foliage
from strawberries to walnut
trees this year.
Aphis, as a whole, are rela
tively easy to control, but con
trol measures vary with 'the
crop and the acreage Involved.
Malathlon Is possibly the
best all around aphiscide for
the home orchardist or gar
dener, The commercial vege
table grower will probably
use malathlon or dibrom. The
commercial orchardist will
probably use dlazinon or para
thion. Some people confuse aphis
damage with peach leaf curl,
Passon said. From a distance
the two problems do look
similar. On closer observa
tion, however, the aphis in
fested leaves are curled, sticky
and yellow with aphis visible
inside the curled leaves.
Leaves infected with curly
leaf are curled and crisp with
thickened areas turning red
later in the season.
Aphis can be controlled dur
ing the season, whereas curly
leaf can be controlled only by
dormant sprays, Passon said.
New York Man Named
To Weyerhaeuser Board
Tacoma (DM) Thomas C.
Taylor, Rochester, N.Y., was
elected to the Weyerhaeuser
Co. board of directors Mon
day at a meeting of share
holders here.
The shareholders also voted
to reduce the board from 16
members to 19. .
perishables are a crucial fac
rigid and the other collapsible.
filled at the packing plant with
the plane, refrigerated en route,
rushed to coolers so the fruit
temperature it left the plant.
point out that maintaining the
think about now and plan for
1
It
r-TT?! co-op :Jll .
GARDENING TIPS
By JOHN McLOUGHLIN
County Extension Agent '
nr Recently olanted
trees and shrubs and those
iMaatroniaH frnm other causes
such a s mechanical injury,
fire, drought, disease ana in
r.t urn often attacked and
killed by borers. These borers
are the larvae or worm stage
of various beetles and moths.
In general, the adult insect
deposits the eggs in or below
the bark or scar tissue oi ine
iru Hiirins sarins:. These eggs
hatch and the larvae bore in
to the inner bark and sap
wood where they remain
thnMiirh th winter. In SDring
pupation takes place and the
adults emerge to continue mis
cycle. ;
ciatiil - Preventative
measures are best for control
of borer Infestation. Adequate
watM-lna Hiirinff dry SDellS.
proper fertilization, spraying
for control of insects ana iun
t trtintf hnrk wounds and
pruning infected or weakened
branches are recommenaea.
Borers seldom attack trees in
good condition.
The trunks and larger bran
ches of transplanted trees are
fromipntlv wranned with spe
cially prepared crepe paper.
In addition to preventing Dor
er infestation, this prevents
sunscald and drying out.
This protective paper is
wrapped from the highest
practical point on the trunk
to the ground. Each turn is
overlapped one-half the width
of the material so that a dou
v,lo thlolcneas covers the tree
trunk. Binder twine is spir
ally wound In the opposite di
rection to hold the paper in
place. The wrap is usually
left on the tree for two years.
Spraying -the bark during
Portland Haircut
Prices Unchanged
Portland (UPD The price of
haircuts here will not go up.
Members of the Barbers
Union have voted 212-168 to
keep the prices at $1.75 in
stead of raislne them to $2. A
spokesman said the vote was
the closest in five years.
ASKS CLERGY UNION
St. Bartholomews, England
-(UPD-The Rev. Peter Gamlen
called Monday for a trade un
ion or professional organiza
tion for clergymen. He said
such an organization could
negotiate a living wage for
members of the clergy.
(D
REMEMBER...
You don't hare to be a MEMBER to
trade here and SAVE.
T h'-T! ; Mi
0
421 A Street
ASHLAND
Phone 482-2143
the adult egg laying period
vlth eight tablespoons of DDT
per gallon of water Is a stan
dard practice. Three or four
applications at three week in.
tervals are usually necessary
to insure protection for the
entire egg laying period.
Once the eggs are hatched
and' the borer has entered the
tree different control measur
es must be followed. Sawdust
like trass around the tunnel
is an indication that the bor
er is in the tree. ;
Toxic pastes are injected in
to the borer's tunnel and the
tunnel is then sealed with put
ty, gum or grafting wax.
Probing wi,th a sharp knife or
inserting a flexible wire Into
the tunnel to crush the borer
are also control measures. ;
Branches and trees killed
by borers should be cut and
burned to prevent further
spread. .;
INTEREST RATE
REDUCED
NEW
LAND
BANK
LOANS
NOW ONLY
Long Term Low Cost
Credit for Any
Farm or Ranch Need
See or Write
FEDERAL LAND
BANK ASSN.
OF ROSEBURG
Serving
Jackson, Josephine,
Douglas, Coos and .
Curry Counties
1212 Court Street
Medford Oregon
A. E. Stevens, Ass'l Mgr.
92 o
dDp
I
How does this wcirk? Strawberries from San Jtse or