Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989, April 30, 1961, Image 43

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Hr what ortiit-dvator '
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To: FAMILY WEEKLY BOOKS
151 No. MIcMjon Am.
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The Story Behind the
One of its "godfathers" tells what led to the plan which has
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Very soon now we shall have the oppor
tunity of tapping one of America's
greatest resources the intelligence, charm,
and energy of its youth.
The American Peace Corps has been,
established on a temporary basis by order
of President Kennedy pending final action
by the Congress. Before this year is out,
our young men and women will be serving
their country overseas in occupations rang
ing from teaching to engineering, from
housebuilding to husbandry. No other step,
in my opinion, can do more to create a bond
of friendship between us and other nations.
I have good reason to know this is true,
and here is -why:
A U.S. official sat beside a tribal chief
tain in Iran watching a tanned American
youth. The'latter was one of a visiting task
force of agricultural experts. Beyond the
field in which he worked, the faintly visible
. Kurdistan Mountains marked the Iron Cur
tain of Russia where Communist sentries
stood guard. '...,....
The chief, an orthodox Moslem, sat on a
small rug under the bright sky. "That boy
out there," he said. "I never knew what a
real Christian was until he came to work
with its."
"Our boys are farm experts, not mission
aries. How do you know about this?" the
American asked.
"He lives his religion in everything he
does," the Moslem replied. "He is one of
us. And you are my brother."
In another case, the head of an African
village watched half-naked youths laying
Family Weekly, April 30, 1961
Peace Corps' volunteers will soon join other American personnel abroad
to help share U. S. know-how and resources. Above: in Jordan, a U. S.
technician and two sheiks examine a lush carpet of grass where none
grew before. Below: an Iranian girl is inoculated against disease..
PWt:?A fMt?f- ' VVW I
teal Jt3C-J
UMmm rysPz- i
Peace Corps
fired the imagination of American youth
By REP. HENRY S. REUSS
as told to Curtis Mitchell
Rep. Henry S. Reuss (D.-Wis.) has been called a "god
father" of the Peace Corps. Married in 1924, he has four
children reason enough for his determination to add
a new dimension to our foreign activities. He first pre
i tented Peace Corps legislation to Congress in collabo
ration toith the late Sen. Richard Neuberger of Oregon.
Last year, it was his amendment to the Mutual Security
Act that obtained funds for the study that demonstrated
the Corps' usefulness. It was his activity in the House
and that of Sen. Hubert Humphrey (D.-Minn.) in the
Senate which attracted the support of President Ken
nedy. This is his story of how the Corps was bom.
tew
Rep. Henry S. Reuss
rows of cinder blocks. They were building
the village's first school. Two were white
skinned, others black. The African breathed
deeply; what he wanted to say did not come
easily. White men had ravished his land of
its gold, diamonds, ivory. Along the coast,
24 stone forts still stood where slave deal
ers had once imprisoned their captives un
til the slave ships came.
"We've never known white men who
would work by our side," the African said.
"After today, we shall bury the past and
toil together in brotherhood."
These incidents only hint at the ultimate
value of our new Corps. Because I was one
of its godfathers, critics have called me a
visionary. But they also have said, "Di
plomacy is a man's work. How can kids
succeed where diplomats fail?"
LET ME EXPLAIN:
In 1957, I visited Cambodia, one of a
group of Congressmen investigating the use
of our foreign-aid money. We were motor
ing along a magnificent highway built by
American funds. Our guide said, "This road
cost $30 million to build."
"Who uses it?" I asked. We were passing
between deserted, tangled fields.
He pointed at a barefooted Cambodian
who was leading his water buffalo along
the road's shoulder. Except for our car and
that man, the road was empty mile after
mile. The question asked itself:
How else might we have spent that
money to serve more people?
A town, in a remote valley gave me the
answer. Four young Americans joined me
at lunch and described their exciting work.
They had been schoolteachers back home;
now they were hurrying from one Cambo
dian village to another, starting schools for
people who had suddenly gone mad for
freedom and education. "So many villages
want us," they said, "and we are so few."
From that day to this, I have sought
a way to enlist the know-how and ener
gies of our young people in a Peace Corps.
College students are eager to help, as both
President Kennedy and I have learned.
But important questions emerge. Is the
need genuine? Will young people be ac
cepted by guest countries and given mean
ingful tasks to perform? Do our modem
youths have the fortitude and know-how
required by primitive conditions?
Several of us who believed in the Peace
Corps turned to the experience of private
organizations who have sent young Ameri
cans overseas for years the Mennonites,
Friends, Mormons, and other religious
groups, for instance. In New York City, I
discovered Operation Crossroads Africa,
Inc., which has flown work-study groups of
teen-agers to many African countries. In
Washington, D.C., I learned about a project
called International Voluntary Services.
They showed me thick files of letters re
questing help.
AT the Top of the list was teaching.
Two-thirds of the people of Asia,
Africa, and Latin America are illiterate.
Literacy is the first step toward self-government.
Almost every new nation has
begged us for teachers of English, home eco
nomics, and household arts.
Next, most new nations need more food.
In Vietnam, rural families earn about $50
a year. Their diet is mostly rice. Their life
expectancy is 35 years.
Will our young ambassadors be ac
cepted? The evidence is overwhelming that
they will be. Each community moves to
ward friendship at its own pace, according
to. those who have worked in the field.
An IVS worker in Cambodia was settling
into his assignment when the provincial
(Continued)
Family Weekly, April 30, 1961
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