4 A
Medfoi
R1B0NB
"Everyone in Southern Oregon
Reads The Mail Tribune"
Published Daily except Saturday by
S3 Jorth Fir St.. Ph 8P 3-6141
' nhnFnf w RUHL. Editor
HERB GREY Advenliin Manafel
GERA1.D T LATHAM Bu Mgr
ERIC W ALLEN JR.. Mng Editor
EARL H ADAMS City Editor
HinffV rHTPMAN Telee Editor
niru&nn .ip.wftt Snorts Editor
OLIVE STARCHER Women's Editor
DALE ER1CKSON. Ulrcuiajuon wigr
An rndftnendVnt Newspaper
Bntered as second class matter at
. Medford. ureRon. unaer nci u
March 3. 1897
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p"lc6,'f'1
Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40
and 50 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
March 23, 1951 (Friday)
1 The Medford holcl' new
dining room, decorated in a
modern theme with Victorian
overtones will be opened to
firstnighter guests tomorrow.
Medford has been granted
t w o "standby" television
channels, it wag announced in
Washington, D.C., by the FCC
today; they will be made
available when applications
are made for their use.
20 YEARS AGO
March 23, 1941 (Sunday)
Medium - heavy smudging
occurred in the pear orchards
of the valley Saturday and
this morning; a few buds were
damaged, but no commercial
damage was expected.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pol" column: "James
Stewart, a $13,000 per monlli
movie actor. Is now in the
army, at $21 per. He reports
he 'is glad of it,' therefore his
net happiness is $12,979."
30 YEARS AGO
March 23, 1931 (Monday)
Ward Howell of Ashland
has been named center on
Oregon's all-state basketball
team'. '
County Agent Robert Fowl
er met with biological survey
representatives yesterday to
plan a program of eradication
of ground squirrels in the
Rogue valley.
40 YEARS AGO
March 23, 1921 (Wednesday)
The poultry industry is
growing here; one firm ship
ped out more than 23,000 eggs
In a single week.
State milk inspectors have
reported that Medford has the
best milk in the state.
50 YEARS AGO
March 23, 1911 (Thunday)
A contract has been let for
paving West Jackson st.
Forty-six bond houses have
applied to purchase $:iB,000
Worth of bonds being issued
by the city for sewer and
water main extensions.
What's Your I.Q.?
Nina or ten correct II superior;
itven or tight Is escellenr; five or
is is good.
1. Supply the missing word
In this saying: "It depends
upon whose Is gored."
2. Would you guess that
Man O' War sired 84, 184,
or 284 colts?
3. What is the zodiacal sign
for persons born between Dec.
22 and Jan. 23?
4. Number 1600 Pennsyl
vania Avenue is the address
of which Important place?
3. Locate these football sta
diums - Orange Bowl, Sugar
Bowl, and Cotton Bowl.
6. Is it Jupiter or Saturn
Hint is the largest of the plan
ets? 7. The noted Carlsbad Cav
erns are located In which
southwestern state?
8. Was George Eliot the
pen name of a man or wom
an? 9. The first U. S. census
was tabulated in 1790, 1800
or 1810?
10. Bassoon is the name of
a type of monkey, musical In
strument or receptacle?
Aniwart: 1. Ox. 2. 184. 3.
Capricorn. 4. Whitt Houst. S.
Miami, Fla., Now Orleans, La.,
Dallas, Tax. 6. Jupiter. 7. New
Mexico. 8. Woman. S. 1790.
10. Musical instrument.
THURSDAY. MARCH 23. 1S61
Transcontinental Notes-Ill
Mastering the intricacies of the New York
City subway system is an accomplishment which
brings a certain amount of pride. With a few
false starts, some puzzlement, some studying of
maps and signs, the Medford twosome began to
get the hang of it.
Our first lesson came on our second morning
in Manhattan, as one of us started for Columbia
University, at 116th Street, the other for the
Hispanic Museum, at 155th. .
We started at the worst possible place the
Times Square station, which is about as con
fusing as any place in the world, what with two
separate systems coming together in the midst of
a labyrinth of underground passageways on a
half-dozen different levels. But we learned to
"follow the green lights," and eventually found
the right boarding platform, and the right train.
X7E PARTED at 116th Street, and the family
HEW secretary, after having to transfer at
137th Street, finally made it to the museum,
which she found of great interest, with several
excellent pieces not too well displayed.
The rest of her day also included visits to
the Guggenheim and Metropolitan museums (of
which more anon).
As for the editorial half of the twosome, we
wandered through the University bookstore, fin
ally finding our way through fusty corridors to
the school of journalism, where our assignment
was to serve on the screening jury for the 1960
Pulitzer Prizes in Journalism, comprised of 30
newspapermen from all
THESE prizes, the most
( - iviic " wi iu ul juui iiaiioiiii aic nuu awaiuu
lightly. This is the process:
There are awards in eight categories, includ
ing editorials, cartoons, photography, meritorious
public service, several types oi reporting, and so
on. Anyone may make
year there was a large
The jurors are divided
assigned to the eight categories. After the judg
ing process, the panels make from two to five
recommendations.
These recommendations are considered by the
advisory board on the Pulitzer Prizes, which in
turn makes its final recommendations to the
board of trustees of Columbia University, in
whose name the prizes are awarded. Winners will
be announced May 1. Some are cash awards, some
medals ; all of them carry great prestige.;
W , ' . '
AT NOON the jurors joined a number of Co
"lumbia faculty members for luncheon at the
faculty club', and heard brief addresses by.Dr.
Grayson Kirk, university president, Dr. Edward
W. Barrett, dean of
Hohenberg, secretary to
T" . T"i 1 i tr :. t VT
ur. roiyitarp ivuscn, iNooei prizewinner on me
Columbia physics faculty.
Dr. Kitsch, incidentally, had some interesting
observations about the role of science in today's
world, and the role of the journalist in portraying
it, which may be discussed here later.
Our luncheon table
Dean Courtney Brown of the Columbia school of
business, Ralph Halford, vice provost of Colum
bia, George W. Healy Jr., editor of the New Or
leans Times-Picayune, Walter Lister, executive
editor of the Philadelphia Bulletin, Paul Svven
sson, managing editor of the Minneapolis Star,
and Alden C. White, president of the Copley
Newspapers of Los Angeles. ,
AND how did a (relatively) young editor fn
a small-town west coast paper happen to
chosen to sit in such distinguished company? It
was because the men who chose the jury wanted
a representative from a small daily paper, on
the West Coast, which had in the past itself won
a Pulitzer Prize. Thus occurred our good fortune.
We are not at liberty to discuss the nomina
tions nor the jurying except in every general
terms, but we can report that the entries in our
category were excellent.
The process of decision was a difficult one,
but our panel, assigned to editorials, worked
harmoniously, and our job was completed that
afternoon. Other panels, with more, and more
voluminous, entries, worked into the next day.
E TAXIED back to
" 1J'IVU' ll'hlfh i-tjc m -
Park, which was brown and bare and sere at
this time of the year, and not at all what we had
envisioned it to be. Instead of the smooth lawns,
neat landscaping, and evergreen trees one is ac
customed to in western city parks, Central Park
is rolling, almost hilly, with wild-growing ground
cover, lakes, rocky outcroppings, and for the most
part, deciduous trees.
Also, the remnants of a heavy snowfall of a
few days earlier still lay on the ground.
Despite the rugged beauty of the park, one
never forgets it is in the middle of a huge city,
for tall buildings are
i
and women are warned
park alone, particularly
HPHE Medford couple, reunited at the hotel, ex -
changed the day's experiences, rested briefly,
then found a little Mexican restaurant not far
ii . 1 1 1 . l 1 ,,
away, dined, again walked through T lines Square,
and then retired to the
rest, reading, and letter ami card writing.
At 9:H0, we indulged ourselves in a telephone
call to the youngsters at home. The call went
through in less than 10 seconds, the connection
was excellent, and, after everyone had had a
chance to talk, the 3-minute limit had long gone.
Since our task was done a day earlier than
scheduled, we had one more day than expected
for sight-seeing. E.A.
parts ot the nation.
sought-after honors in
a nomination, and this
number of entries.
into eight panels, and
journalism, Prof. John
the advisory board, and
I. 1 il.
companions included
om
paper Happen to be
the hotel j through Central
rixi - ll horn onrl cni'n of
visible in all directions,
. . . , ..
never to venture into the
at night.
hotel for an evening of
Dennis the Menace
Ct at3W I
1 THINK AW HEARTS OKAY I HEARD MBS. WllSON mi
M. WJLSOiV IT WAS IN THE WSHT PitCBS
Communications
Letters lo tho Editor must bear the nam and address of the writer, although under
certain circumstances the us of a pen nam or initial for publication is permissible.
The Mail Tribun reserves the right to edit all letters with a view to clarification and
condensation. Letters submitted for publication must not exceed 400 words. The letters
printed in this column do not
contrary is often the case.
Birth Control
To the Editor: One of the
greatest and most important
issues confronting this coun
try, and the whole world too,
worse, for that ' matter, in
some other parts of the world,
is birth control. The world
could exist some lime longer
with their various systems
even if the proper system of
birth control were practiced.
It is self evident that this
fact, if observed to a practical
and sensible degree, would re
duce poverty in the whole
world to a minimum.
H is a fact that the world's
food and other needs for a
happy living are increasingly
diminishing throughout the
world, and il has a limit to it.
And it is possible that the
world's population can be
adjusted lo that limit, but only
by a sensible system of birth
control. If not, there could be
a terrible result, and birth
control could be confined to
certain countries, but not to
such successful degree. World
co-operation would be neccs1
sary to be a complete success
and I hope that to this end it
should be advocated in all
countries and in all languages
II would not be amiss to
give a few examples of birth
control. Take the farmer, for
instance. His common sense
won't permit him to breed
more brood sows than he can
lake care of, nor more cattle
than he has pasture for, or
more poultry than he can take
care of, the same way the
parents that have too big a
family can't do Justice in their
up-bringing. It is a sad in
stance for both parents and
child. On the other hand per-
hups two or three children
would be a great Joy, in some
instances no children at all.
Too many children result
in a burden on society, to
themselves, and promote pov
erty and crime and require
both charity and penal insti
tutions, and otherwise impose
a hardship on society. Now
this is not a very hopeful
problem to anticipate, but it
stares us in the face, and 1
would like to have people
with some influence along
these linos to be encouraged.
J. P. Wirth
3022 Butte st.
Klamath Falls, Ore.
Ordinance Unconstitutional?
To the Editor: The follow
ing Is a copy of a letter to the
Jacksonville city council and
think II concerns every
citizen In the Stale of Oregon
even though they do NOT live
- Jacksonville
. .
jHCKsonviue, urc.
Gentlemen: I must make
due allowance for the possi
bility the Medford Mail Trib
une may not have given an
accurate account of an ordi
nance regulating firearms in
the City of Jacksonville. Con
sequently my opinions may be
in error.
The account in the Medford !
Mail Tribune stated in part.
"It shall he unlawful for any
person lo carry, transport, or
possess any firearm, pellet I
gun, air ride, air pistol or I
niiiirr Kun wiucn is loancci or
ls , ,ui.h Ootiduio that it
can be immediately fired.'
It appears to me that thej,na, in .hewing them 'to prate
.rtieic i. section 27 of the
constitution of the state of
Oregon which states. "The
people shall nave the riant to
bear arms for the defense of
themselves and the state
May 1 suggest we pick the
quotation nf the above ordi
nance apart.
1 II has been my under
standing that within the laws
of the State of Oregon that
any citizen over the age of 18 u seems to me that a Corn
years may carry a pistol orjmunist would trv to be Just
ride provided it be in plain j as obnoxious as' possible in
sight of other people. Yet the j order to Incite Americans to
report of your ordinance tn desert their svstem of civil
Ihe Mail T ribune would even I liberties in order to persecute
t
MfcUruHD
necessarily represent the views of the paper; in fact in
prohibit the carrying of these
weapons.
2- The account in the Med
ford Mail Tribune next quot
ed the word "transport." Ob
viously this would prohibit
transportation of these weap
ons in an automobile, aircraft,
buggy (horse drawn), etc., etc.
And it appears this too is in
violation of the Oregon Con
stitution. 3- One of the most impor
tant prohibitions of this ordi
nance listed in the Mail Trib
une ls "possession" and it does
appear this would prohibit
keeping any of these weapons
in one's own home (or place
of business) if it were ready
to fire.
Obviously the weapon
would be useless if empty and
could not be used for defense
unless the owner were able to
convince a housebreaker or
any other person threatening
the safety of occupants of
home or place of business, it
was loaded.
Supreme Court Justice Wil
liam McAllister stated in a
letter to me that the Supreme
Court will do nothing "until
someone is arrested." Natural
ly one would not like to be
Jailed or fined, but if I could
test this ordinance in another
manner and . thus force the
Supreme Court to act, I'd be
willing to act as 'guinea pig.'
I still say this ordinance is
unconstitutional.
Floyd Ft. McCabe ...
Mt. Pitt Star Route
Butte Falls, Ore.
Life Elsewhere?
To the Editor: One of Amer
ica's leading outer space
scientists has made the star
tling discovery of probable
life on other planets by the
analysis and chemical tests of
ashes often associated with
stone and mineralized meteors
falling to earth from time im
memorial.
That general assumption
Is most likely a statement
that proves that there is phy
sical life on other planets be
sides earth, as there assured
ly must be life or else why
would there only be barren
planets to clutter up space in
as vast a circle of creation
as the "Milky Way" galaxy?
As with all physical phe
nomena, only theories are as
sumed by astronomers until
true facts can be proven, ac
cording to science. As one
noted scientist stated, the com
ing great discoveries to be
marie will be In the spiritual
realm of the unseen laws ot
nature.
Bert Kissinger.
520 Boardman at.,
Medford.
Toleration, Not Martyrdom
To the Editor: Helen B.
Townscnd of Eagle Point ex
pressed disgust, in your col
umns, that the Communist
Party in America should be
so free to operate that it could
flaunt a picture of its newly
elected chairman before other
Americans.
She also was disturbed that
present laws protect Commu
nists. 1 have no sympathy for the
misguided lunatic fringe in
America which would substi
tute the Communist system
(or ours; but it seems to me
publicly, we show our superi
orlty In contrast with their
(earful oppression of those
who express divergent opin
ion. As for our laws protecting
Communists. It must be re
membered that the same laws
protect other, legitimate, mi
nority interests. They arise
from our Constitution -the real
fountain of strength In our
country.
MAIL 'imouHL, lit,Lr UHU,
Coexistence at Work
Of Iraq by
'
Bv PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign Newt Analyst
Perhaps no better examples
of Nikita Khrushchev's theory
of eo-existencj? at work can be
JMIVn seen than in
his treatment
3f nt Iran
For at the
core of his
theory is his
belief, for
which he
draws support
from Lenin
that middle
class leaders
play an important role only
in the early stages oi national
ist movements and must in-
evitably be replaced later by
Communist leadership emerg
ing from the dissatisfied mass
es below.
So, the apparent conflict in
Communist strategy in Iraq
which still is in the compara
tively early stages of revolu
tion. The Communist newspaper
Literary Gazette in Moscow
him. Then the Communists
who followed him would find
it easier to offer a system de
void of civil liberties.
On the other hand, I should
think a Communist would dis
like nothing more than being
ignored, or worse, tolerated.
I think that if we hold firm
to our free system, tolerating
the screwballs instead of mak
ing martyrs of them, we'll
never see communism get
anything approaching a foot
hold in this country.
Ken Johnson,
1150 Shamrock St.,
Salem, Ore.
Right of Protest
To the Editor: One of the
great foundation stones of our
Republic is our privilege of
free speech. Most privileges
imply a responsibility-in this
case it is an obligation to lis
ten. After listening-and this
does not mean just waiting
until your opponent is through
gabbling-the next step is to
refute his argument in reason
able statements.
There have been uncounted
letters in the past protesting
this or that T.V. or radio pro
gram; recently a letter pro
testing trading stamps. The
former have been informed
ad nauseum of the little but
ton marked "OFF." The latter
has been told that she has the
option of saying "no thanks."
It is doubtful if these help
ful hints were news to the re
cipients. And the whole point
of free speech and reasonable
argument or persuasion was
completely ignored.
Protest is everyone's right.
Our world would be a sorry
thing-in fact, our country
would be non-existen!-if the
dissenters had all said "no
thanks" or turned the switch
off. Or turned their backs and
said nothing.
Polly Mammons,
Star Route, Box 540,
Shady Cove, Ore.
"Babysitting"?
To the Editor: Any parent
of a young child is likely lo
hire a babysitter. But I won
der if there is another irriga
tion district in the state of
Oregon, or in the United
Slates, other than the Eagle
Point Irrigation District, cm
ploying a babysitter who is
paid out of tax funds.
In 1959. the EPID manager
hired Hubert A. Smith and
Mrs. Grace Kelley at SI. 25
an hour and paid them $311.
89 from Aug. 26 lo Dee. 10
out of EPID funds for "B.S.
Duty" or "Babysitting."
In July. 19B0. Mrs. Hubert
A. Smith took over the baby
sitting duty, for which the
District paid her $63.75.
(Meanwhile Mgr. Silveira com
plained the District couldn't
afford to hire another ditch
rider lo speed up Irrigation.)
Twice thereafter, Mrs. Smith
babysat. On Aug. 3 ($6.25);
on Nov. 18. I960 ($4.38).
Payroll claim vouchers
make no references to baby
sitting duty. Neither do the
checks, nor the check register,
nor the payroll book.
The Irrigation District budg
et shows no fund budgeted or
earmarked B.S. Duty or Baby
silting, but if you're persist
ent, and keep looking until
you find the time sheets, lo
and behold: "B.S. Duty" and
"Babysitting "
Since no fund is set up or
burigeled or earmarked baby
sitting, from what account is
it paid? The answer is even
more startling! It's EPID
Accl. No. 61": "Equipment
repair and yard labor." (No-
the babysitters do not repair
equipment or perform yard !
labor-or any labor ) i
When Mrs. Thelma Short
resigned her EPID post at
noon Nov 22. infiO, effective.
immediately - thereafter the:
r
babysitting ceased. (Perhaps Editor s note: Mrs. Todd Cavanagh former vice nre-i . P y ,0n!C momenl
the "Equipment Repair and! claims that the "babv ' in-: dent of thr. n. t,...., . ,not J"' 'or the administration
Yard Labor" fund had beenjvolvcd was her-that people
exhausted ) were hired to be In the office
Sound incredible? Unforti-l while at VrMt.
OHE
Russia's Nikita Khrushchev
ini..nt:rt ta Mirca , crlf the Irani Comiv
may, as it did, bitterly attack
Iraqi Premier Abdul Kassem
for death sentences handed a
group of Communists by an
Iraqi military court. .
Russian Financing
At the same lime, Khrush
chev may, as he has, approve
huge Soviet loans to Iraq and
send in Polish and Czech ad
visers to assist the Kassem
government in an expensive
five-year program to double
the amount of land under irri
gation. Soviet and Czech aid will
account for $190 million of
the cost.
As Kassem has walked the
tight rope of Iraqi and Middle
East politics, his relations with
the Soviet Union and the
Communist party inside Iraq
have been of special interest.
From the date of the Iraqi
revolution on July 14, 1958,
until May 23, 1959, the Com
munists operated with such
freedom and influence both in
and out of the government
that predictions freely were
made that Iraq soon would
be wholly within the Soviet
orbit.
In March 1959 occurred the
Mosul revolt which the Kas
sem government blamed on
President Abdul Gamal Nas
ser of the U.A.R. and which
was followed by a massive
Communist-led puree in which
as many as 15,000 persons
were arrested.
Change of Altitude
In April, the Communists
demanded a place in a "popu
lar front" government and
arms for their "popular resis
tance" forces.
Then, in May, Kassem for
the first time rebuked the
Communists and warned them
Today & Tomorrow
By Walter
THE VOTE ON ANGOLA
In African affairs, two sep
arate but parallel and similar
and historical events took
place last
week.
One was the
refusal of the
n a
lions to con
done the ra
cial policy of
apartheid i n
order to keep
tile Union of
Lippmann
South Africa in the Common
wealth. The other was the
vote of the United Slates, dif
fering openly with its NATO
allies, for an inquiry by the
UN into the Portguese colo
nial policy in Angola.
In both cases the decision
was a very hard one to take
whether to risk the unity of
the Commonwealth, whether
to risk the unity of NATO,
on a question of principle.
In both cases there was the
same decision - by the eignt
nations that if the Common
wealth was to be preserved,
it could not condone apar
theid, by the United States
thai NATO and even the UN
itself would be gravely jeop
ardized if the NATO nations
aligned themselves in support
of colonialism.
THERE are some who think
'pHERE
1 that
could have, and should have,
avoided the decision. It could
have abstained, that is it
could have declined to vote,
as it did under the Eisenhow
er administration last Decem
ber. But could the United States
have done that now? Is ab
stention, a refusal lo vote in
order to evade a hard issue,
a workable policy for a great
power which holds the place
we hold in the leadership of
the non-Communist world?
The Eisenhower abstention of
last December could at least
be justified as a stop gap
measure in the closing days
of an administration. The
new Kennedy administration
could not take refuge in the
evasion of an issue which in
volves the destiny of Africa
and Asia and affects profound
ly the peace of the world.
When the issue is posed
nakedly as it is in Angola,
where it is the policy of the
colonial power not to prepare
the colony for independence,
how could the United States
refuse to declare itself? Had
we done that, we would by ;
; Mum- hid,, .... v...,. w..
r abstention have abdicated
r influence. For had we
ou
abstained, we would have."""1" "ieo. in me no-
identified NATO with colon
ialism, and the Soviet Union
would have stood out as the
only great power In the white
man's world which took the
other side. What is more, we
would have supported Portu-
nately. it's all too true. The
EPID records speak for them-
selves.
Ann Todd.
Crater Lake Highway,
Eagle Point. Ore.
O
Seen in Treatment
against obstructing the course
of the revolution.
Kassem placed several Com
munist army officers under
house arrest, ordered the resis
tance movement under army
control and fired his pro-Communist
minister of agrarian
reform.
Finally, reportedly on or
ders from Khrushchev him
Matter of Fact sy Joseph aisop
BEHIND THE PUBLIC FACE
Washington - The public
face of the Kennedy adminis
tration continues to be san
guine, eupep
tic, and un
troubled. But
the public
face only con
ceals the ten-
V sion that is
now mounting
behind the
scenes at the
White House,
the State De
Alsop
partment, and the Defense
Department.
The eupeptic face presented
to the world is the result of
the President's sensible wish
to exhaust all the possibilities
of traditional diplomacy be
fore taking any drastic, open
action in the Laos crisis. Out
ward calm is needed to give
traditional diplomacy a
chance.
But tension is mounting be
hind the scenes, precisely be
cause of the increasing possi
bility that traditional diplo
macy will not produce the de
sired minimum result in Laos.
This crisis, which still seems
so infinitely remote to most
Americans, has in fact been
the President's primary pre
occupation throughout all of
Uppmann
guese colonialism not boldly
by voting against the resolu
tion but timidly ,and apolo
getically by refusing to vote
at all.
What an "image" that
would have been of the "lead
ership" of the "free world!"
THE question has been
-- raised as to whether this
American vote means that the
development of Africa has
now taken priority over the
consolidation and stabilization
of Europe. It is an understand
able question, and undoubted
ly there is a certain differ
e n.c e of emphasis between
those who arc preoccupied
with African affairs. But the
truth is that our concern with
Europe and our concern with
Africa are not competitive.
They are complementary.
Unless Europe becomes a
more powerful and flourishing
community of nations, the re
sources cannot be found to
finance the development of
Africa. And unless the Euro
peans and the North Ameri
cans are able jointly and sev
erally to promote the peace
ful development of Africa, the
future is very dangerous in
deed. The unity of the West is
gravely menaced by the con
vulsive problems of Africa, be
it in Algeria, the Congo,
South Africa, or Angola.
'
THE American view, which
is not sufficiently under
stood in Europe, is that the
liquidation of empires is al
ways a great danger to the
peace. The seed beds ot the
two world wars were in the
liquidation of the Turkish, the
Austro-Hungarian. and the
Czarist empires. In the Amer
ican view the liquidation of
the African empires, which is
very tar from being complet
ed, is in this are of nuclear
armaments a very great threat
to peace. Our view is that if
we and the Europeans are to
achieve a constructive influ
ence in African affairs, it can
be done only throuvh the
medium of the United Na-
Hons. That is the only torumlone knows how Khrushchev
wincn me oio colonial pow- win react to Gromyko's rc
ers, the newly liberated na- Part on his meeting with
tions, the Soviet Union, and Rusk.
the United States can meet: In 'these circumstances, the
and deal with one another increase of tension behind the
in the context of the law of scenes is nm lo h ,vr,nrfrH
the Charter
Our European allies must
not underestimate the weight
and the seriousness of the
American judgment in this af-
...... iiui tti.-.uiiiu ny a :
. , i
' cnep altPl to win voles I
; m "f1- r n it. though it j
, .j . . ' ve uo-1 inc point is that the Rusk
? 1 f"i f "!e ':ld ora-! to Gromyko - to-Khrushchrv
ors. This Judgment, ot which transmission is just about the
the vote on Angola is a ,ym. j last chance for traditional di
k1 ' ,ITC U s fT " so" I P'omy- H that fails, the na-
LhZ "IVliT!"!.' aikcd fhoi" n no longer be
....... ,..... iwo.avoiaea between a disguised
t . iwN.-iuim; IQr
worldwide coalition,
(c) 1961 New York Herald
Tribune Inc.
GETS PAPAL AUDIENCE
Vatican City-W-Pope John !
j XXIII Wednesday received m !
audience Father
' ing Corp. ot America Cjv'
Unagh became a priest 'sah.r I
' day at the age of 53 calur"
self, the Iraqi Communist par
ty abjectly condemned itself
for "criminal acts, emotional
ism and miscalculations."
The ostentatious love affair
between Kassem and the Com
munists was over, but as Kas
sem treads a dangerous path
toward "positive neutrality"
Khrushchev's long-range aims
remain the same.
the last hard-driving fort
night. A kind of concealed
test of will between John F.
Kennedy and Nikita Khrush
chev has been the main theme
of the drama, but the much
too successful Communist mil
itary offensive in Laos has
been a crucial subsidiary
theme.
THE test of will began on
-- Thursday, March 9, when
the U. S. Ambassador to Mos
cow, Llewellyn Thompson Jr.,
met with Khrushchev in Si
beria. On the subject of Laos,
Thompson told Khrushchev,
first, that the American gov
ernment could not tolerate a
Communist takeover there,
but second, that the American
government was not averse to
a genuinely neutral Laotian
regime on the Cambodian
model. Khrushchev appeared
to respond satisfactorily, re
portedly citing his own with
drawal of Soviet troops from
Austria.
On the same Thursday,
March 9, at an historic White
House meeting, President
Kennedy coolly approved a
17-item program of precau
tionary actions to safeguard
the future of Laos. The aim
was to be ready for the possi
ble failure of Thompson's dip
lomatic initiative. The actions
ranged from immediate steps
to give more military aid to
the non-Communist Laotians,
all the way to legistical prep
aration for military interven
tion there.
Almost concurrently, the
Communist forces in Laos
made the guerrilla-into-infan-try
conversion predicted in
this space, and they at once
launched a rather major mili
tary offensive. This has had
such success that there is now
some question whether the
royal capital, Luang Prabang,
is in danger of being cap
tured by the Communists.
THE diplomatic process, bc--
t w e e n Washington and
Moscow, between President
Kennedy, Prime Minister Mac
millan, and Gen. de Gaulle,
even between Washington and
New Delhi, has meanwhile
continued unceasingly. One
result was a warning from
Indian Prime Minister Jawa
harlal Nehru to Khrushchev
that the U. S., for good or ill,
meant business about Laos.
Another, even more impor
tant result was the interview
with Secretary of State Dean
Rusk which was recently re
quested by Soviet Foreign
Minister Andrei Gromyko.
There was some hope, before
Gromyko reached Washington
for his luncheon and talk with
Rusk, that he had been au
thorized by his government
to negotiate a Laotian settle
ment. Instead, Gromyko played
the old Soviet gramophone
record, and then listened to
Secretary Rusk again repeat
ing that the U. S. meant busi
ness about Laos. The inten
tion of Gromyko s visit, quite
obviously, was to take anoth
er reading on whether the
U. S. really did mean busi
ness. If Gromyko is capable
of being impressed by plain
words, earnestly spoken, he
must have sent back an un
palatable report to the Krem
lin. AT THIS stage, in summary,
the military situation in
Laos is bad already and may
begin to deteriorate rather
rapidly at any moment. The
logistical preparations for ac
tion to prevent a Communist
takeover in Laos have been
going forward with efficient
speed sincp Ma
me lension would be far
more feverish, if it were not
for the notable tendency in
the Kennedy administration,
even among the more excit-
au p anH m, ninnnnj nrr:.:.i.
"H',v"nii;u ui MiIB i.
to place an almost blind faith
in the President's decisions.
whatever they may be.
out decisive surrender In Laos
or a series of grimly risky
moves which will vastly raise
the stakes in the Laotian
game. As the President shows
d sg is"d
can "cat
no inclination for surrender.
or otherwise, this
rpntnnal.lt- Un 1 loci r
u
, .
e
rid.
(c) 1961 New York Herald
Tribune Inc.
s
i