MONDAY, FEBRUARY 27. 1961
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. ORE.
They're something special at SAFEWAY
IT r XI
.sCI VIL WAR
'MISERABLE VILLAGE' On the even
ning of the Civil War, Washington was a
city of 60,000 persons, shot through with
and entirely surrounded by secessionists. To
the west, north and east was Maryland,
which was temporarily dominated by South
ern sympathizers, and to the south was Vir
ginia, rocking on the brink of secession.'
Flocks' of geese wandered along Pennsyl-
ania ave. and pigs wallowed around the
Capitol. John Hay, one of President Lin
coln's secretaries, called Washington a "mis
erable sprawling village." The sketch above
was made from a balloon in early 1861 and
shows the still unfinished Capitol dominat
ing the "village." (UPI Telephoto)
Life in 'Miserable Village'
UPI Correipondent
s By MERTON T. AKERS
r Washington on the eve of
the Civil war was a one-paved-street
city of 60,000
shot . through and entirely
turrounded by secessionists
Flanked on the west, north
and east by Maryland, which
was temporarily dominated
by southern sympathizers,
and on the south by Virginia,
rocking on the brink of seces
sion, Washington was a be
leaguered capital.
Perhaps half of the city was
secessionist or In sympathy
with the South. Its one rail
road connecting it with the
North ran through Maryland,
with a branch to the west Into
Ohio and another cast to
Annapolis from a V Junction
north of the city. Southern
sympathizers in Maryland
could isolate the capital at
will by cutting the railroad
Garrison It Small .
; At .the- start of 1881 the
Washington "garrison" con
sisted of a few War Depart
ment officers, 300 Marines,
three officers and 53 enlisted
men of the Ordnance Depart
ment and four under-strenglh
militia companies.
Along the one paved street.
Pennsylvania Ave. the
blue cockades . of secession
could be bought at newspaper
stands. ; , -,- . , . j
' The cobblestones of Penn
sylvania Ave. were hard to
detect under the dust (in the
summer) and mud (in the
winter). Big chuck holes
yawned for the unwary omni
bus driver or day dreaming
horseback rider. ,
Flocks of geese wondered
along the avenue or along any
other street that suited their
fancy. Pigs wallowed around
the Capitol and Judiciary
Square.
Tiber Creek meandered
along the Mall, "floating
(with) dead cats and all kinds
of putridity and reeking with
pestilential - odors." Residents
dumped slop In. the gutters
and their dead animals into
the creek.. John Hay, one of
President ' Lincoln s secretar
ies, wrote that the south win
dows of the White (pest)
House let in the "ghosts of
20,000 drowned cats." -
There was a rudimentary
water system but most people
depended on wells and
springs for drinking water.;
Two sketchy sewers backed
up in basements more often
than they drained. The area
along the Potomac river was
considered uncommonly un
healthy. A contemporary
guide book dismissed this
health hazard, saying that
while "bilious and intermit
ting fevers prevail to a con
siderable extent, , the ma
larial influences do not last
long and those who have be
come acclimated are seldom
subjected to these diseases."
Streets Wrecked Coaches
Besides omnibuses, the cap
ital had a new horse-drawn
street car system, promoted
by Jay Cooke, the New York
banker, but the citizens gen
erally disdained it, calling it
a "Yankee invention." Omni
buses would angle across the
street to pick up passengers
and that saved boot shines
and hoop skirt hems from
mud or dust.
' A newspaper Invited at
tention to the condition of
F st. at 11th. A half dozen
coaches were "shipwrecked"
there In one day. : One be
longed to a foreign diplomat.
"The coach settled into the
mud up to the axle," the
newspaper said, "One of the
distinguished . occupants was
rescued by a huge Negro,
who, wading leg deep to the
coach, brought the foreign of
ficer in full diplomatic re
galia through the sea of mud
on his back to terra firma.
The other occupant plunged
into the muddy chasm, and
came out safe - but with the
mud hanging sadly on his gay
costume." -
There were upwards of 60
hotels, nearly all of them
boarding houses for govern
ment employes and congress
men. Fanciest was Willard's at
14th and F sts., the same site
but not the same building as
the Wlllard hotel now. Wil
lard's could, and frequently
did, serve meals to 1,500 per
sons a day. It was the gather
ing place for officials, politi
cians and newspapermen, es
pecially for - breakfast when
;the; menus . featured : fried
oysters, steak, and onions,
blanc mangeahd pate de fois
gras.. (O n e .restaurant Harvey's-
employed : 20 oyster
shuckers to keep up with
demand.) , '
Tourist Sights Were Few ,
The National and the
Metropolitan hotels stood on
-opposite corners of 6th st.- and
Pennsylvania ave and were
favored by southerners. The
National had suffered an
eclipse at the time of Presi
dent Buchanan's inaugural.
The President - and other
guests caught an intestinal
malady there which became
known as "National disease.
Old Buck's" nephew died
of the disease,1 which some
said was the result of a black
Republican plot, but, more
moderate people thought it
was caused by defective sew
ers. By war time the National
again was popular
The standard tourist route
covered six spots the Capl
tol, the While House (called
the Executive Mansion then,
the Smithsonian Institution,
the Post Office building, the
Patent Office and the new
Treasury building.
Few went to see the un
finished Washington M o n u-
ment, a i "factory chimney
with the top cut off."
The Senate and House
wings of the Capitol were
new and attracted the largest
crowds with their paintings
and marble halls, although
only three of the 100 corin
thian columns wore In place.
The dome was being rebuilt
and was crowned with a con
struction crane. Crawford's
statue of Armed Liberty lay
on the lawn, eventually to top
the new dome. Symbolic,
some said.
, Grccnough's great 12-ton
statue of George Washington,
at the Capitol, with the
"Father of his Country"
naked to the waist and
draped in a Roman toga, drew
some comment, mostly ri
bald, from tourists.
Labeled 'Miserable Village'
Hay summed up Washing
ton as "this miserable sprawl
ing village which Imagines It
self a city because it is
wicked, as a boy thinks he Is
a man because he smokes nnd
swears." -1- .
This "miserable village"
seethed with alarms of threat-
OE
Something New
in TOTAL COVERAGE
Phone SP 3-7325
"For Your Insurance"
0Ea0E30EX0
ened uprisings, plots to over
throw the government, con
spiracies to kidnap the Presi
dent and plans - for seizing
the Treasury. It was a pick-your-own-rumor
time.
President Buchanan thought
something needed doing
about it and called on old Lt.
Gen. Winfield Scott. Scott in
turn called in a West Pointer
and Mexican War veteran,
Charles P. Stone, to reorga
nize the District of Columbia
militia which was heavily in
filtrated by southern sympa
thizers. Col. Stone went to work
with speed and dispatch.
Backed by Joseph Holt, sec
retary of war, and at one
critical point by the Presi
dent, Stone by the March 4
Inaugural ot Lincoln had
purged secessionists from the
militia and organized enough
new units to furnish most of
the inaugural guards, ; ,
He ran up against deter
mined southern opposition..'
. After Ft. Sumter was fired
on, 16 companies of Stone's
militia were the first to be
mustered into federal .service.
District Youth
Rally Set Tonight
The First Assembly of God',
1108 West Main si.,' will, be
host to a monthly district
youth rally, Monday, Feb. 27,
at 7:30 p.m., according to Ger
ald Smith) president, of the
local Christ Ambassadors
group.
Churches from throughout
the valley will participate. '
A combined orchestra from
the different churches will
provide the music. Guest
speaker for the evening, will
be the Rev. Elwood Irby,
Jacksonville Assembly of God.
A trophy will be awarded
to the group with the highest
total of points, based on the
percentage of their members
present. Tills will include
orchestra members and visi
tors, lt was announced.-
Will Your
Grandchildren
Forget God?
Nikita Khrushchev hat said, -"Your
Grandchildren will
grow up under Communiimi"
If that's true, your grandchildren
will forget God . . . will never go
to church . . . will lie in a world
of Godless atheism.
"Nev er," you say. Bui are you
sure? Are you doing anything to
prevent ... to oppose Commu
nism? One sure way is to help
RADIO FREE EUROPE.
RFE broadcasts truth from the
Free World to 79 million people
in captive nations behind the Iron
Curtain. 79 million people who
are vital to the cause of freedom
because they create a buffer one
between Russia and the Free
World . . . a zone that ties up JO
Russian Divisions . . . keeps
Russia from starting a war.
There's only one catch RFE
needs your support to continue
on the air. How about it? Will
you help light Communism? Se
cure the future of your children?
Your dimes, your quarters, your
dollars help to keep freedom alive
in the world.
Stnd your cnlribuHM (D.nl
woH I ht mtM) tm
Radio Free Europe Fund
Ntw York City
Published public strvie
In cooper t ton with Tnt Advertising
Council and th Newspaper
Adverttltnf Executives Association.
l7 JJ!t W
Ih hills bros Asparagus
U U COFFEE Chunk Tunas.,,,., 4tr$1
"Indian River" . ' ..7 for I Re9.or . A it, i CM IT I SD3ghGtti Franeo-American 7 cans $1
Drip, 21b. J! 17 I 0 ,A
1 :;. . . ... r m - . wnppnn .. - - nun
mr 1 1 .' 1 iieoouii wii at. w
lb. 72 I Pase - . . I
O 9- ' Ofti I r 1 1 tt I
olid ,-.'Xi heads 7 ' ctiwaras vOTTee i
, I Why pay more? 2-lb. CQ
3 for 25 V I Limit'plea"-. - . "
Our banana experts start by selecting
the plumpest, most perfect, fully-mature
green bananas grown. They place
this fruit gently into our own temperature-controlled
rooms for just the time
needed to slowly ripen "from inside
6ut." Carefully, the delicate fruit is
packed for the smooth ride to our store
near you, where you'll find it
something special
Fresh
California
Grapefruit
Cabbage
LJ-. I I ' Crisp,
Bell Peppers
Grand
stuffed
Wesson Oil
Frilit Sfllfld Del Monte-303 Can 4. for $1
Quaker ' Reg. or Quick : .' pkg. 43c
Prune Juice Del Mont - 32-oi. 49c
Pullman WhitesMar B;Soaf 33c
Safeway Meats are GUARANTEED to please!
Canned Pop Cragmont
Mayonnaise
Best Foods
linrpokedl
Picnics
A smackin' good smokehouse buy!
Mild yet full and rich in' flavor '. i '.. that's 'what you'll enjoy
when you buy a Safeway fully-smoked pork shoulder. Short
shanked, medium size . ..'and a sensational LOW' price!
Beef Sausage
Delicately seasoned pure beef . . .
grand for any meal. Slice-off.
rolls.
3 - H
lb. dJ &
12-oz. can 10c
qt. 59c
Cigarettes SS' j. 51-69
Co Ira USv Swansdown White, .; OOrt
VdlVC ml Yellow, Chocolate pkg. wG
Fresh Frozen Spruce Brand '.
Mandarin Oranges 8 $1
Carnation Milk
2c29c
15-oi. Can
Bockwurst
Fresh, mild flavor . .
like weiners and serve,
like weiner and serve.
lb.
69-
Fresh Oysters
Finest medium size Pacific oy
sters. Perfect for tasty stew.
' 12-oz. EC
jar , 4F
Friskies Dog Food ; 2 f029c
Facial Soap Brocade 10 pbka8r 49c
Friskies Meal or Cubes 10b'abg$1.29
Chun King vtablL 303 can 31 c
Fels Naptha i Pkfl 65c
Wisk Liquid SS, t $U7
"USDA CHOICE' beef , ... . scientifically aged and carefully trimmed
before weighing. Blade cuts.
t
Breaded Shrimp t" 98
Trophy brand frozen . , . cooked and shelled. So easy to prepare; fresh
flavor.
Safeway's own cottage cheese . . . you'll taste the superior flavor and
quality. A style to suit every taste . . . Large curd,- Farmer style,
Chive, Low-Calorie, and fruit salad. Half
Gal.
98 s. 49c Pint
Veal Steaks
6 for 1
Lucerne "AA" Butter
Finest quality sweet cream butter. Regularly 73c. Limit, please
Manor House frozen individual steaks . . . perfect for a quick meal.
3 oz. each.
. Coldbrook
Colored cubes
Beef Pol Roast 49' LUCERNE COTTAGE CHEESE
25c
59
2 25
Doz. J9
7 "! $1
4""1
3 c" 69'
5
Play Safeway's exciting "CROSS-OUT for
CASH." This is a reprint of Game No. 6.
4 8 15 19 23 24
28 35 36 40 4?
44 48 51 55? 56
60 63 64 67
68 75 76 80
83 87 88
95 96 of
O tuft HP MM. rtM, HSJ. mt. m M 4 II
T tlOB OUT" AM C fKd
Margarine
More proof it Pays to Save at Safeway. '
Grade "AA" Large Eggs
Cream O' The Crop. Guaranteed ranch-fresh.'. . sure to please.
Van Camp Pork & Beans
Famous for quality and goodness ... a favorite served hot or cold.
IXL Chili Con Carne
Regular 29c value. Homemade flavor and goddness . . . save on this one
Libby's Green Beans
Fancy quality tender cut green beans. Just like fresh picked.
Tree-Top Apple Juice
From finest tree-ripened fruit. A pick-up at breakfast time.
Mb.
print
Planters Salted Peanuts u 79c 7 r 39c
Blue Bell Potato Chips Triple Pack 69c
Ohio Book Matches King Size box of SO 29c
WE GIVE GOLD BOND STAMPS FOR EXTRA SAVINGS
Prices effective Monday through Wednesday, March 1, at Safeway in
Medford. We reserve the right to limit.,