WEDNESDAY,
Third in a Series
10 A
Devotion To Virgin diary Plays Important Part in
Eg?' wr i' I
Xir k j
Bin SNOWMAN Little Ronnie Chambers, 2, gets a close
view of the seven-foot snowman his parents erected for him
When records were broken in the Harrisburg, Pa., area, with
five inches of snow added to
Irradiation Facility
Will Make Possible
Food Storage
Corvallis - To make possi
ble long-term storage of pres
ent short shelf-life food items
will be one of the aims in
using a new irradiation facili
ty at Oregon State college.
Sterilization by radiation
offers the first promising new
principle of food sterilization
since Appert discovered the
art of canning In 1809.
Dr. C. H. Wang, professor
of chemistry and chairman of
the campus radiation safety
1 committee, said with the new
$20,000 cobalt irradiation fa
cility, it will be possible for
OSC scientists to subject foods
to 3,000 to 500,000 roentgens
of radiation an hour. Five
hundred roentgens will kill a
man. .
' By using smaller doses of
Irradiation (radio-pasteurization),
the bacterial popula
tion of micro-organisms can
be reduced B0 to 99 per cent
without causing undesirable
changes in food.
Considerable Research
In past years,; OSC has
done considerable irradiation
research on meats and sea
foods. This research' will be
expanded and other work on
genetic changes In Insects, ir
radiation damage to plastics
and other materials, and ra
diation decomposition of
chemicals will be started.
, Ironically, in . recent re
search, OSC bacteriologists
have isolated a bacteria that
can withstand an unusully
large dosage.
The cobalt irradiation In
strument U only about 3Vi
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Cleaner much cleaner because there it an air
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922 BOARDMAN
FEBRUARY 1. 1961
the 19 which fell a week ago.
(UPI Telephoto)
Research
feet high and Vh feet in di
ameter. For safety, the cobalt
60 irradiation source is shield
ed with one foot of lead. The
radioactivity is in 12 cobalt
pencil - like rods measuring
one-half inch in circumfer
ence and 6 Inches in length.
The 12 pencils can be moved
as a unit towards an irradia
tion chamber.
The cobalt 60 source will
be half exhausted In 5.S years.
The irradiation equipment
will be fenced off in a cam
pus building. It was purchas
ed by the department of food
and dairy technology, bacteri
ology, chemistry and agricul
tural chemistry.
An irradiator 'operations
committee will, schedule the
use of the cobalt 60 source.
Fitness Decline
Bothers Kennedy
Washington (UPU President
Kennedy said Tuesday he was
concerned about "a steady
decline" in the physical fit
ness standards of Americans
as compared with Europeans
and other people around the
world.
He said he hoped that the
White House would "do our
best to emphasize" that physi
cal fitness was vital to the na
tion's survival and that some
thing must be done about the
problem,
To Stand On
OPEN
SATURDAY A.M.
SP 3-5896
Physical Sciences
Summer Institute
Set for Teachers
Eugene - A Summer Insti
tute in the Physical Sciences
for Elementary Teachers will
be conducted at the University
of Oregon from June 19 to
Aug. 12, under a grant of $42,
000 from the National Science
Foundation.
Purpose of the institute,
which will be under the di
rection of Dr. E. G. Ebbighau
sen, professor of physics in the
university, is to improve the
science background of elemen
tary school teachers.
Thirty-five participants will
be selected from elementary
schools in Oregon, Washing
ton, Idaho, Montana, Wyom
ing, and northern California.
Each participant will receive
a stipend of $75 per week for
the eight-week period, plus
allowance for dependents and
travel.
Requirements of the insti
tute will be one course in each
of the subjects of astronomy,
geology, meteorology, and
mathematics. The four courses
are all designed specifically
for the elementary school
teachers.
Instructors in the institute
will include, Dr. Ebbighausen;
Vern Hiebert, assistant pro
fessor of mathematics, Oregon
College of Education; and
James Stovall, associate pro
fessor of geology in the Uni
versity of Oregon.
The institute will be one of
IB for elementary school
teachers throughout the
United States.
All Inquiries concerning the
institute should be sent to
the director, addressed to the
Elementary Science Institute,
Science building, University
of Oregon, Eugene.
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Family Branches
Convinced Other
Gravely in Error
, By LOUIS CASSELS
UPI Correspondent ' '
Of all the doctrines that di
vide Protestants and Cath
olics none arouses greater
emotion than, the veneration
of the Virgin Mary.
- Devotion to Mary plays a
very important part in Cath
olic religious life. But the
mother of Jesus is rarely men
tioned in Protestant churcnes
except at Christmas time.
Each branch of the Chris
tian family in convinced that
the other is gravely in error.'
Catholics say that Protes
tants are denying Mary the
honor that is rightfulyl hers.
Danger of 'Mariolairy'
Protestants say that Cath
olics are in danger of slipping
into "mariolatry" - the idola
trous worship of a human
creature.
In this matter, as in others,
there is a tendency for Cath
olics and Protestants to mag
nify their differences to the
point of obscuring their com
mon beliefs.
All Christians who believe
in the miracle of the Incarna
tion must look upon Mary
with awe and respect.
The New Testament depicts
her as an humble and devout
Jewish maiden who was
chosen by God for a central
role in His supreme self-revelation
to men. Mary, the scrip
tures say, conceived while a
virgin, and bore a child in
whom divine and human na
t u r e s were inseparatably
united. This child was Jesus
Christ, whom Christians have
hailed for 20 centuries as the
son of God, the Lord and
Savior of mankind.
Say Little About Mary
Beyond the tremendous af
firmation that she was the
human vehicle by which the
world of God was made flesh,
the scriptures say relatively
little about Mary. They record
just enough of her story to
make clear that she was a
wise and tender mother. She
did not always fully under
stand her extraordinary Son,
but she remained close to Him
throughout His early ministry,
and stood at the foot of His
cross when He gave up His
life to atone for men's sins.
Protestants, who regard the
Bible as the only authoritative
source of doctrine, stop there
in their beliefs about Mary.
But Catholics believe that
the traditions of the church,
handed down orally through
the centuries, can be as valid
a source of doctrine as the
written record of the Gospels.
On this basis, the Catholic
church makes several asser
tions about Mary which go
beyond the Biblical record.'
It teachers, for example,
that Mary was preserved from
all taint of sin from the mo-
Kids
Run
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I
ir Can
MEDFOHD MAIL
ment she was conceived in her
own mother's womb (the dog
ma of the Immaculate Concep
tion) and that she was bodily
assumed into heaven when she
died (the dogma of the As
sumption, proclaimed by Pope
Pius XII in. 1950).
Catholics also believe that
Mary, as "the mother of God,"
has special prerogatives in
heaven,, including power to
intercede on behalf of the
faithful who pray for her help.
It is a widely held belief that
she is "the mediatress of all
graces" - the one through
whom all spiritual gifts are
distributed. ' '
May Become Dogma
Many Catholics expect this
belief to be elevated to the
status of a dogma at the forth
coming ecumenical council in
Rome. A dogma is a teaching
which Catholics are required
to believe as essential to sal
vation. One Catholic bishop has
proposed that the ecumenical
council go farther and pro
claim Mary "co-redemptrix"-a
full ."partner" with Christ
in the redemption of the world
from sin.
' Such titles make Protestants
shudder. They say that Cath
olics seem to be forgetting the
clear Biblical teaching that
"there is only one mediator
between God and men, name
ly Jesus Christ." Some alarm
ed Protestant theologians as
sert that Catholic doctrine is
only one short step away
from attributing divinity to
Mary.
Catholic scholars vigorous
ly deny that. They say that
Catholic teaching treats Mary
only as "the most exalted of
human creatures" and that it
explicity forbids any "ador
ation" of her as a divine
being.
- Some Catholics acknowl
edge, however, that popular
piety is not always as careful
as official theology in draw
ing this important distinction.
Prayers to Many Saints
Catholics accord veneration,
and offer prayers, to many
saints besides Mary. They be
lieve that all saints are able
to intercede with God and ob
tain special blessings, and
sometimes miracles, for de
vout souls who seek their aid.
According to Catholic teach
ing, saints go directly to
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LOTTA LITTER Residents of South Oakdale ave. near Mcd
ford High school have long complained about the litter left
by students in the form of papers and sacks left after they
finish their lunches. This photograph, made last week, cor
roborates their complaints. The street and sidewalks fre
quently look as bad as this, or worse, despite the fact that
several waste paper containers are nearby.
heaven when they die. Those
who die in mortal sin go di
rectly to eternal punishment
in hell. Christians who are
neither saints nor mortal sin
ners go first to purgatory, to
be "cleansed" by a period of
temporary suffering, and then
go on to heaven.
Catholics believe that
pruyers and acts of extraordi
nary piety by the living may
obtain "indulgences" - re
missions of temporal punish
ment and speedier release
from purgatory. The indul
gence may be sought for one
self, or for a loved one who
has died. The church is re
garded as having full discre
tionary power to grant such
indulgences in the name of
God.
The charge that the church
was "selling" indulgences -granting
them in return for
financial contributions - was
a principal factor in the Pro
testant Reformation. To avoid
any repetition of this scandal,
the Catholic church now has
strict rules against granting
an indulgence for contribu
tions to any pious cause what
ever. '
Next; The Mass and other
sacraments of Catholicism.
COUNTIES READY
Salem -IUPII- Klamath and
Josephine counties are "will
ing and able" to take part in
the federal surplus food pro
gram, according to Sen. E. D.
Potts (D-Grants Pass).
Catholic's Life
Agriculture Secretary
Takes Turn on Elevator ;
Washington - OIPD - Agriculture Secretary Orville L.
Freeman is not using the "instant elevator" button he in
herited from his predecessor, Ezra T. Benson. ,
The button was installed at a receptionist's desk in tho
agriculture secretary's outer office during Benson's term.
The object was to make sure that when the secretary was
ready to leave his second-floor office, he didn't have to wait
for an elevator.
The button controls the-two automatic elevators serving
the central wing of the Agriculture department's main ad
ministration building.
When it is pressed, both elevators are held at the second
floor. Would-be passengers on other floors of the building
have to wait.
A Freeman aide confirmed today, in answer to a re
porter's query, that the new agriculture secretary ordered
use of the device dropped shortly after taking office.
When Freeman leaves his office, the aide said, he walks
down the single flight of stairs to the ground floor or pushes
the regular elevator button like everyone else. '.
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