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MONDAY. JANUARY 23, 1961
B S
WAR
THIS
. WAS Xttfi
Mt
CIVIL
FAREWELL TO COLLEAGUES On the
morning of Jan. 21, 1861, Jefferson Davis,
senator from the just-seceded state of Missis
sippi, rose in the crowded senate chamber
for his last appearance, Dressed in his cus
tomary black suit, white shirt and black
tie, Davis spoke of his approval of slavery
and secession, but without bitterness bade
farewell to his colleagues. In a few days he
would return to his Mississippi plantation
and threafter lake up duties as President of
the Confederacy. This original drawing, by
staff artist Edwin Kaufman, shows Davis
during his speech. (UPI Telephoto)
Davis Resigns From Senate
By MERTON T. AKERS
UPI Correspondent
In Washington, at 7 a.m. on
Jan. 21, 1861, Mrs. Jefferson
Davis sent a servant to the
Senate to hold her seat. This
was the day when her husband
was bidding farewell to his
colleagues and what had been
until this very moment, his
country.
Even at that early hour
the Davis household retainer
found a fashionable crowd
around the Senate doors -women
in crinolines and flow
ered bonnets and men in the
clawhammer coats of the time.
Davis, senator from the just
seceded state of Mississippi,
had been ill for a week and his
doctor had told him to stay
in hed. Neither he nor his
young wife, Varina Howell
Davis, had slept all night.
But by 9 a.m. Davis push
ed his way through the
throneed chamber to his seat.
Mrs. Davis had supplanted the
servant. Every square foot of
the Senate was packed. As
manv members as could
squeeze in lined the walls to
see the show. The diplomatic
gallery was filled.
"Bright faces of the ladies
were assembled together like
a mosiac of flowers," Mrs.
Davis recorded.
Davis wore his customary
suit of black broadcloth, a
starched white shirt and black
satin vest. His necktie was a
black silk hankerchief knot
ted like a stock.
"Every eye was turned up
on him," Mrs. Davis wrote
with firce pride, "fearful of
missing one word.
"He glanced over the Sen
ate with the reluctant look
the dying cast on those upon
whom they gaze for the last
time. His voice was at first
faltering, but soon it rang out
melodiously clear like a silver
trumpet, to the extremest
verge of the assembly . . .
Unshed tears were in it . . .
His manner suggested that of
one who parts from his fam
ily, because even death were
better than estrangement."
Davis began:
"I rise, Mr. President, for
the purpose of announcing to
the Senate that I have satis
factory evidence that the
State of Mississippi . . .has
declared her separation from
the United States. Under these
circumstances, my functions
here are terminated. , .
"It is known . . . that I
have for many years advo
cated ... the right of a state
to secede ... I approve of her
(Mississippi's) act."
Always a partisan of slav
ery, Davis tossed in the issue
for his last time. Jefferson s
words in the Declaration of
Independence - "created
equal" - meant "men of the
political community," Davis
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said, "... they have no ref-
erence to the slave.
Without bitterness, anger
or defiance, Davis closed
"... In the presence of my
God, I wish you well; and
such, I am sure, is the feeling
of the people whom I repre
sent toward those whom you
represent ... it only remains
for me to bid you a final
farewell."
And then the tall, angular
ly erect statesman walked out
of the chamber into what
most of his colleagues expect
ed to be obscurity. Mrs. Davis
saw tears in the eyes of many.
The nation he had quit had
been good to Jefferson Davis
-it had educated him at West
Point, proclaimed him a hero
of the Mexican War and hon
ored him by raising him to the
secretaryship of war.
The Confederacy would do
even more. Instead of consign
ing him to obscurity, it would
make him its president and
heap upon him the task of
forging a nation and waging
a war at the same time. Too
much for mortal man, it turn
ed out.
That night was another
sleepless one. Varina heard
him pacing back and forth
night long and whispering:
"May God have us in His holy
keeping, and grant before it
is too late that peaceful coun-
cils may prevail."
He was not one of those
impetuous Southerners who
thought war, if it came, would
be short and glorious. More
likely long and bloody.
Four O there Reiign
Four other Southern sen
ators left that day, too. But
history remembers little of
the farewells of David L. Yu-
lee of Florida and Stephen
R. Mallory of Florida, (al
though Mallory would go on
to be secretary of the navy
under Davis and the only cab
inet member to last the four
full years of war) and Sens.
Clement C. Clay and Benja
min Fitzpatrick of Alabama.
All expressed in valedictory
speeches some degree of the
bitterness which Davis had
left unsaid in his renuncia
tion. Davis' speech for the po
litical record had been made
11 days before, 24 hours aft
er he knew certainly that his
state had seceded.
"If you will but allow us
to separate from you peace
ably," he said then, "since we
cannot live peaceably togeth
er, to leave with the rights
we had before we were unit
ed, since we cannot enjoy
them in the Union, then there
are many relations which
may still subsist between us,
drawn from the association
of our struggles from the Rev
olutionary era to the present
day, which may be beneficial
to you as well as to us. If
you will not have it thus; if
the pride of power, if in
contempt of reason and reli
ance on force, you say we
shall not go, but shall remain
subjects to you, then, gentle
men of the North, a war is to
be Inaugurated the like of
which men have not seen.
Power for Congress
"Are we to drift into war?
Are we to stand idly by and
allow war to be precipitated
on the country? . . . Allow
a general or a President to
make war? No. Our fathers
gave to Congress the power
to declare war, and even to
Congress they gave no power
to make war upon a state of
the Union ... It was well said
. . . that this Union could not
be maintained by force, and
that a Union of force was a
despotism . . . Aaainst it, so
long as I live, with heart and
hand. I rebel.
"The want of a policy, the
obstinate adherence to unim
portant things, have brought
us to a condition where I close
my eyes, because I cannot see
anything that encourages me
to hope . . . God will judge
between you and us, at whose
idoor lies the rcsponbility."
I In a few days the Divis
family went South to Briar
: field.O:heir Mississippi planta
tion iouthof Vicksburg, where
Mrs. Davis hoped r husband
could rccuneitJ.
t 1
0
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Reg. 69c. All pure vegetable oil. Limit, please.
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BREAKFAST
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